CN1150364C - Oiling agent for acrylic staple fiber - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an oil agent for acrylic staple fiber spinning and spinning, which is an open-chain quaternary ammonium salt type cationic surfactant with 10-25% fatty acid polyol ester whose general formula is R ₁ COOQ Type non-ionic surfactant 10-25%, its general formula is PO(CH ₂ CH ₂ O)nH fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether 0-8%, the balance is oil agent composed of water, R represents alkyl, X represents sulfuric acid ester or phosphoric acid ester group, P represents castor oil, Q represents polyhydric alcohol (above-mentioned percentage is percentage by weight) composition, use oil agent for acrylic fiber staple fiber of the present invention, can make acrylic fiber tow feel soft, smooth, luster Bright, good spinnability. As a result, the quality and production efficiency of acrylic staple fibers can be improved.

Description

Oil for acrylic staple fiber

The invention relates to an oil agent for acrylic staple fiber spinning and spinning.

Acrylic fiber is an important chemical fiber and one of the three major varieties of synthetic fibers. It is made from polyacrylonitrile or a copolymer of acrylonitrile and a small amount of other monomers. Due to its low hygroscopicity, poor conductivity and high friction coefficient, oil must be used to eliminate static electricity caused by friction and adjust the friction coefficient to ensure the smooth progress of acrylic spinning and post-processing.

Acrylic staple fiber is generally divided into two types: cotton type and wool type. Cotton type fiber is processed by cotton spinning equipment, and wool type fiber is processed by wool spinning process. The former has higher requirements for spinnability of oil textile processing. Just can't go through each processing procedure such as blowing, carding, spun yarn smoothly, cause many yarn defects, easy broken end, high consumption, low textile efficiency. The wool spinning processing has relatively lower requirements on the spinnability of the oil agent. Usually, acrylic staple fiber oil is composed of antistatic agent, lubricant and other surfactants. Various surfactants are compounded together to learn from each other and play a synergistic effect. At present, domestic acrylic fiber staple oils are mostly compounded with alkyl phosphate ester salt, alkyl polyoxyethylene phosphate ester salt and trihydroxyethylmethyl quaternary ammonium methyl sulfate as antistatic main agent and other single agents. , such as domestic TZ-48, YQM-3001, etc., Japan's Tailun-A280, Tailun-A330, etc. also belong to this category. U.S. Patent No. 4,072,617 discloses an acrylic fiber oil, which is composed of alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, fatty alcohol phosphate, mineral oil, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene phosphate. As far as the current domestic acrylic oil is concerned, due to the lack of characteristics and synergistic effect of the components used in the oil, most of the oils can be used for wool-type fibers, but for cotton-type fibers, especially wet-spun cotton Type fibers cannot meet the requirements of each processing procedure of spinning and spinning. Due to the hygroscopicity of phosphate ester anionic surfactant as the main antistatic agent, the use of the oil agent is greatly affected by the temperature and humidity of the operating environment. Oiled fibers are sticky. In addition to the inherent quality of the fiber itself, the quality of acrylic staple fiber is also inseparable from the excellent spinnability of the oil used. Therefore, some domestic acrylic fiber manufacturers still use expensive imported oils.

The object of the present invention is to provide an oil agent for acrylic staple fibers suitable for cotton type and wool type acrylic staple fibers, which has excellent antistatic properties, softness, suitable smoothness and cohesiveness.

The purpose of the present invention is achieved like this:

Acrylic staple fiber oil agent of the present invention is by structural formula: 10-25% of the open-chain quaternary ammonium salt type cationic surfactant whose general formula is RCOOQ 10-25% of the fatty acid polyol ester type non-ionic surfactant whose general formula is PO(CH ₂ CH ₂ O) _n 7-25% polyoxyethylene castor oil for H, 0-8% fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether whose general formula is RO(CH ₂ CH ₂ O)nH, the balance is an oil agent composed of water, and R represents an alkyl group , X represents a sulfate or phosphate group, P represents castor oil, and Q represents a polyol, and the above percentages are percentages by weight.

In the open-chain quaternary ammonium salt structure formula, R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ , and R ₄ are alkyl groups of C _n H _2n+1 , where n=12-18 in R ₁ , and R ₂ , R ₃ , and R ₄ are methyl groups. or ethyl.

Its general formula is fatty acid polyol ester of RCOOQ, wherein R is a C ₁₂ -C ₁₈ alkyl group, and Q can be sorbitol, glycerin, or polyethylene glycol.

Polyoxyethylene castor oil with general formula PO(CH ₂ CH ₂ O) _n H, n=90-200.

The general formula is RO(CH ₂ CH ₂ O) _n H fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, R represents C ₁₂ -C ₁₈ alkyl, n=10-25.

The invention uses the open-chain quaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactant to make the acrylic fiber have excellent antistatic property and softness. The use of fatty acid polyol ester nonionic surfactants can make acrylic staple fibers have good smoothness, and can make acrylic staple fibers have good antistatic and cohesive properties, and use fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ethers to make acrylic staple fibers friction The coefficient is moderate and several components are compatible with each other, and the synergistic effect is strengthened.

The acrylic staple fiber oil agent of the invention has excellent performance, uniform oiling and high oil film strength. The oil agent can endow the acrylic staple fiber with excellent antistatic property, softness, suitable smoothness and cohesion, and the acrylic staple fiber produced by it is soft, smooth, bright in luster, moderate in fiber friction coefficient and good in spinnability , Can successfully pass through the various processes of the textile factory. The oil agent of the invention can greatly improve the product quality of the acrylic staple fiber.

Example 1

13 parts of octadecyl dimethyl ethyl sulfate quaternary ammonium salt, 12 parts of sorbitan monostearate, 8 parts of polyoxyethylene castor oil (100), 2 parts of lauryl polyoxyethylene ether (15) and 65 parts of water are added into the container, the temperature is raised to about 70°C, and stirred for about 40 minutes.

Table 1 Performance comparison of several oils

Items Example 1 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2

PH value 6.3 6.5 7.1

ionic

Emulsion Stability ＞240h ＞240h ＞72h

Fiber specific resistance/Ω 5.44×10 ⁷ 1.72×10 ⁸ 1.88×10 ⁹

Friction μ _s 0.3138 0.3241 0.3628

F/ _Fμd 0.2487 0.2542 0.2768

Coefficient μ _s 0.4168 0.4052 0.4413

F/ _Mμd 0.4288 0.4238 0.4671

    Temperature of upper oil tank/°C                                                                                                                  

    Super Long       Less   Less   More

  Fiber oiling rate/% 0.25～0.35 0.25～0.35 0.35～0.55

Note: Comparative Example 1 is American XF-2B oil agent, and Comparative Example 2 is domestic HT-1063.

It can be seen from Table 1 that the oil agent YH-202 of the present invention has excellent properties, its specific resistance is low, and its antistatic property is particularly outstanding.

Example 2

According to the method described in Example 1, the oil agent is prepared according to the following component ratios.

                               

  Cetyl dimethyl ethyl sulfate ethyl sulfate quaternary ammonium salt 15

  Sorbitan Monooleate                              

  Polyoxyethylene Castor Oil (100)                                        

  Fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (20)            

Water 55

     Table 2 Quality data of fibers produced by different oil agents

Project Example 2 Comparative Example 2

Strength CN/dtex 2.86 2.64

Defect/mg/100g 8 12

Oil/% 0.30 0.39

Stretch/% 38 44

Number of curls/10cm 43 39

Yellowness 10 10.7

Uneven weight/% 2.2 2.8

Length deviation/% 1 -4

Short hair rate/% 1.6 2.6

Hair grains/piece/meter 0.2 0.6

Feel soft and astringent

Glossy Bright Bright Dull

As can be seen from Table 2, the performances of the acrylic fibers produced using the oil agent YH-202 of the present invention in Example 2 are significantly better than those of the acrylic fibers produced by using the domestic HT-1063 oil agent in Comparative Example 2.

Example 3

According to the method described in Example 1, the oil agent is prepared according to the following component ratios.

                               

Octadecyl Dimethyl Ethyl Sulfate Quaternary Ammonium Salt 23

Sorbitan monostearate 20

Polyoxyethylene Castor Oil (150) 22

Water 35

        Table 3 Comparison of the effects of using different oil agents

Project Example 3 Comparative Example 2

Mixing unevenness % 2.0 2.5

Unevenness of needle comb % 1.0 1.7

Yarn breakage rate root/thousand spindles·hour 62.5 70.0

Authentic rate% 97.5 93.5

Class output Kg/class 450 370

Finishing rate % 98.0 94.0

Finished Appearance Bright Gloss Dull Gloss

The finished product feels soft and smooth

Example 4

According to the method described in Example 1, the oil agent is prepared according to the following component ratios.

                             

Octadecyl Dimethyl Ethyl Sulfate Quaternary Ammonium Salt 20

Sorbitan Stearate 16

Polyoxyethylene castor oil (150) 10

Fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (15) 8

Water 46

        Table 4 Comparison of the effects of using different oil agents

Project Example 4 Comparative Example 2

Mixing unevenness % 1.6 2.5

Needled wool only/g 1.5 1.9

Unevenness of needle comb % 1.2 1.7

Yarn breakage rate root/thousand spindles·hour 63.0 70.0

Authentic rate% 96.0 93.5

Finishing rate% 97.0 94.0

Finished Appearance Bright Gloss Dull Gloss

Finished feel soft and smooth astringent

Claims (4)

1. acrylic staples finish is characterized in that by structural formula being:

Open chain quaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactant 10～25%, its general formula is the polyol esters of fatty acids type non-ionic surface active agent 10～25% of RCOOQ, its general formula is PO (CH ₂CH ₂O) _nThe Emulsifier EL-60 7～25% of H, its general formula are RO (CH ₂CH ₂O) _nThe fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether 0～8% of H, surplus are the finish that water is formed, and R represents alkyl, and X represents sulfuric ester or phosphate-based, and P represents castor oil, and Q represents polyalcohol, and above-mentioned percentage is weight percentage; R in the open chain quaternary ammonium salt structure formula ₁, R ₂, R ₃, R ₄Be C _nH _2n+1Alkyl, R wherein ₁Middle n=12～18, R ₂, R ₃, R ₄Be methyl or ethyl.

2. a kind of acrylic staples finish according to claim 1 is characterized in that its general formula is the polyol esters of fatty acids of RCOOQ, and R is C in the formula ₁₂～C ₁₈Alkyl, Q can be sorbierite, glycerine, polyethylene glycol.

3. a kind of acrylic staples finish according to claim 1 is characterized in that general formula is PO (CH ₂CH ₂O) _nThe Emulsifier EL-60 of H, n=90～200.

4. a kind of acrylic staples finish according to claim 1 is characterized in that general formula is RO (CH ₂CH ₂O) _nThe fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether of H, R represents C ₁₂～C ₁₈Alkyl, n=10～25.