CN115026201B - Thermoforming equipment and forming method - Google Patents
Thermoforming equipment and forming method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115026201B CN115026201B CN202110287001.9A CN202110287001A CN115026201B CN 115026201 B CN115026201 B CN 115026201B CN 202110287001 A CN202110287001 A CN 202110287001A CN 115026201 B CN115026201 B CN 115026201B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
- B21D37/16—Heating or cooling
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Abstract
The invention discloses a thermoforming equipment and a thermoforming method, which relate to the technical field of thermoforming and comprise a first manipulator, a primary rapid heating device, a secondary slow heating device, a second manipulator and a die which are sequentially arranged; the first manipulator is used for feeding the blank into the primary quick heating device; the primary rapid heating device is used for rapidly heating the blank to a first phase transition temperature and can transmit the blank to the secondary slow heating device; the secondary slow heating device is used for slowly heating the blank to a second phase temperature and can convey the blank to a direction close to the second manipulator; the second manipulator is arranged in sending the blank into the mould from the secondary slow heating device, the mould is used for forming the blank into a part, the mould heating device is fixedly arranged in the mould, the cooling channel is arranged in the mould, and the part can be rapidly cooled by introducing cooling medium into the cooling channel. The thermoforming equipment and the thermoforming method have low energy consumption and good material performance of products.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of thermoforming, in particular to a thermoforming device and a thermoforming method.
Background
The heating furnace of the existing thermoforming equipment has higher power and consumes more energy for completing the thermoforming of the parts. And the material performance of the part formed by one-time heating through the heating furnace is poor. In addition, the occupied area of equipment used in the three steps of feeding, heating and forming is large.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a thermoforming equipment and a thermoforming method with low energy consumption and good product material performance, so as to solve the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:
The invention provides a thermoforming device which comprises a first manipulator, a primary rapid heating device, a secondary slow heating device, a second manipulator and a die which are sequentially arranged; the first manipulator is used for feeding blanks into the primary rapid heating device; the primary rapid heating device is used for rapidly heating the blank to a first phase transition temperature, and simultaneously can transmit the blank to the secondary slow heating device, wherein the blank is about to or initially subjected to martensitic transformation at the first phase transition temperature; the secondary slow heating device is used for slowly heating the blank to a second phase change temperature and keeping the blank at the second phase change temperature, the secondary slow heating device can be used for conveying the blank to a direction close to the second manipulator, and the blank is completely austenitized at the second phase change temperature; the second manipulator is used for sending the blank into from the secondary slow heating device in the mould, the mould is used for with the blank shaping is the part, the inside fixed mould heating device that is provided with of mould, the mould heating device can heat the mould to the shaping temperature, cooling channel has been seted up to the mould inside, through letting in cooling medium in the cooling channel can be to the part carries out quick cooling, makes austenite change into martensite or martensite-bainitic structure.
Preferably, the power of the primary rapid heating device and the power of the secondary rapid heating device are both lower than 600 kilowatts, and the occupied land length of the primary rapid heating device and the occupied land length of the secondary rapid heating device are both smaller than 6 meters.
Preferably, the primary rapid heating device and the secondary slow heating device comprise roller conveying devices and heating devices, the roller conveying devices are fixedly arranged above the heating devices, the roller conveying devices are used for conveying the blanks, and the heating devices are used for heating the blanks.
Preferably, the rollers used by the roller conveying devices are all made of ceramic materials.
Preferably, the automatic feeding device further comprises a feeding device, wherein the feeding device, the first manipulator and the primary rapid heating device are sequentially arranged, the feeding device comprises a workbench and a blank positioner, the blank positioner is fixedly arranged on the workbench, and the blank positioner is used for positioning the blank.
Preferably, the automatic feeding device further comprises a third manipulator and a feeding conveyor belt, wherein the second manipulator, the die, the third manipulator and the feeding conveyor belt are sequentially arranged, and the third manipulator is used for conveying the parts processed in the die into the feeding conveyor belt.
Preferably, the die heating device is a heating resistance wire.
The invention also discloses a thermoforming method, which uses the thermoforming equipment, and comprises the following steps:
Step one: the first manipulator feeds the blank into a first conveying device;
Step two: starting the primary rapid heating device, wherein the primary rapid heating device rapidly heats the blank to the first phase transition temperature and transmits the blank which is about to be subjected to or is subjected to primary martensitic transformation to a secondary slow heating device;
Step three: starting the secondary slow heating device, slowly heating the blank to the second phase transition temperature by the secondary slow heating device, conveying the fully austenitized blank to a direction close to the second manipulator, and preserving heat of the blank;
step four: the second manipulator sends the blank into the die, a die heating device is started, the die is heated to the forming temperature, and the blank is subjected to stamping forming;
step five: and (3) introducing a cooling medium into the cooling channel to rapidly cool the blank to obtain qualified parts.
Preferably, the first phase transition temperature is 380-420 ℃, and the temperature rising rate of the blank in the primary rapid heating device is 20-30 ℃/s; the second phase transition temperature is 850-950 ℃, the heating rate of the blank in the secondary slow heating device is 5-10 ℃/s, and the heat preservation time is 3-5min; the molding temperature is 850-950 ℃.
Preferably, the billet cooling rate is greater than 70 ℃/sec.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
According to the thermoforming equipment and the thermoforming method, the primary rapid heating device is adopted to rapidly heat the blank to the first phase transformation temperature to enable the blank to generate martensitic transformation, the secondary slow heating device is adopted to slowly heat the blank to the second phase transformation temperature to enable the blank to be austenitized, austenite formed at high temperature is rapidly cooled and transformed into martensite or martensite-bainite structure, grains can be thinned, internal stress can be reduced, material strength can be improved, accordingly, blank material performance is optimized, the primary rapid heating device can rapidly heat the blank, heating is continued on the basis of the temperature in the secondary heating process of the secondary slow heating device, heating from room temperature is not needed, and the energy saving purpose is achieved. Therefore, the thermoforming equipment and the thermoforming method provided by the invention have low energy consumption and good material performance of products.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a thermoforming apparatus according to the present invention;
In the figure: 100-thermoforming equipment; 1-a feeding device; 11-a workbench; 12-blank locator; 2-a first manipulator; 3-a primary rapid heating device; 31-roller transmission device; 32-a heating device; 4-a secondary slow heating device; 5-a second manipulator; 6-a mold; 61-a mold heating device; 62-cooling channels; 7-a third manipulator; 8-a blanking conveyor belt; 9-heating the wire.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention aims to provide a thermoforming device which solves the problems existing in the prior art and has good material performance.
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.
The invention provides a thermoforming equipment 100, as shown in fig. 1, which comprises a first manipulator 2, a primary rapid heating device 3, a secondary slow heating device 4, a second manipulator 5 and a die 6 which are sequentially arranged, wherein the first manipulator 2 is used for feeding blanks into the primary rapid heating device 3; the primary rapid heating device 3 is used for rapidly heating the blank to a first phase transition temperature, and simultaneously can transmit the blank to the secondary slow heating device 4, wherein the blank is about to or initially subjected to martensitic transformation at the first phase transition temperature; the secondary slow heating device 4 is used for slowly heating the blank to a second phase change temperature and keeping the blank at the second phase change temperature, and the secondary slow heating device 4 can be used for conveying the blank to a direction close to the second manipulator 5, so that the blank is completely austenitized at the second phase change temperature; the second manipulator 5 is used for sending the blank into the mould 6 from the secondary slow-speed heating device 4, and mould 6 is used for shaping the blank into the part, and the fixed mould heating device 61 that is provided with in mould 6 is inside, and mould heating device 61 can heat mould 6 to the shaping temperature, and mould 6 is inside to be seted up cooling channel 62, can cool off fast to the part through letting in cooling medium in cooling channel 62, makes austenite change martensite or martensite-bainitic structure.
The primary rapid heating device 3 is adopted to rapidly heat the blank to the first phase transformation temperature to enable the blank to generate martensitic transformation, the secondary slow heating device 4 is adopted to slowly heat the blank to the second phase transformation temperature to enable the blank to be austenitized, austenite formed at high temperature is rapidly cooled and transformed into martensite or martensite-beta-body structures, grains can be refined, internal stress is reduced, material strength is improved, therefore, blank material performance is optimized, the primary rapid heating device 3 can rapidly heat the blank, heating is continued on the basis of the temperature in the secondary heating process of the secondary slow heating device 4, heating from room temperature is not needed, and the energy-saving purpose is achieved.
Further, the power of the primary quick heating device 3 and the secondary quick heating device 4 is lower than 600 kilowatts, the occupied space of the primary quick heating device 3 and the secondary quick heating device 4 is smaller than 6 meters, the power of the primary quick heating device 3 and the secondary slow heating device 4 is 600 kilowatts, compared with a traditional heating furnace with 1600 kilowatts, the energy consumption is greatly saved, meanwhile, the occupied space of the primary quick heating device 3 and the secondary slow heating device 4 is6 meters, and compared with a heating furnace with 40 meters, the space is greatly saved.
Further, the primary quick heating device 3 and the secondary slow heating device 4 both comprise a roller transmission device 31 and a heating device 32, the roller transmission device 31 is fixedly arranged above the heating device 32, the roller transmission device 31 is used for transmitting blanks, the heating device 32 is used for heating the blanks, the primary quick heating device 3 uses a high-frequency heating device to quickly heat, the high-frequency heating device adopts a magnetic field induction eddy current heating principle, a magnetic field is generated by using a current through a coil, when magnetic lines of force in the magnetic field pass through a metal material, the primary quick heating device 3 can reach a required temperature in a short time, the secondary slow heating device 4 adopts a thermal resistance wire arranged at the bottom of the roller to heat, the temperature of the thermal resistance wire is regulated and controlled, slow heating is realized, the temperature distribution of the blanks can be ensured to be uniform by the slow heating, and meanwhile, an alloying layer on the surface of a coating and the blanks can be further thickened in the heating process.
Further, the rollers of the roller transmission devices 31 are made of ceramic materials, and the ceramic rollers can resist high temperature and simultaneously perform a heat conduction function, so that heat can be transferred to the blanks.
Further, the thermoforming apparatus 100 further includes a feeding device 1, the first manipulator 2 and the primary rapid heating device 3 are sequentially arranged, the feeding device 1 includes a workbench 11 and a blank positioner 12, the blank positioner 12 is fixedly disposed on the workbench 11, the blank positioner 12 is used for positioning blanks so that the first manipulator 2 can grasp the blanks, and the blanks are boron steel (22 MnB 5).
Further, the thermoforming apparatus 100 further includes a third manipulator 7 and a blanking conveyor belt 8, the second manipulator 5, the mold 6, the third manipulator 7 and the blanking conveyor belt 8 are sequentially arranged, and the third manipulator 7 is used for conveying the part processed in the mold 6 to the blanking conveyor belt 8, and conveying of the formed part is completed through the blanking conveyor belt 8.
Further, the die heating device 61 is a heating wire 9, and the heating wire 9 can heat the die 6 to a stable temperature.
The thermoforming method based on the thermoforming apparatus 100 described above comprises the following steps:
step one: the first manipulator 2 feeds the blanks to a first conveying device;
Step two: starting a primary rapid heating device 3, wherein the primary rapid heating device 3 rapidly heats the blank to a first phase transition temperature and transmits the blank which is about to be subjected to or is subjected to primary martensitic transformation to a secondary slow heating device 4;
Step three: starting a secondary slow heating device 4, slowly heating the blank to a second phase transition temperature by the secondary slow heating device 4, conveying the fully austenitized blank to a direction close to a second manipulator 5, and preserving heat of the blank;
Step four: the second manipulator 5 feeds the blank into the die 6, opens the die heating device 61, heats the die 6 to the molding temperature, and performs stamping molding on the blank;
step five: a cooling medium is introduced into the cooling channel 62 to rapidly cool the blank to obtain a qualified part.
The primary rapid heating device 3 is adopted to rapidly heat the blank to the first phase transformation temperature to enable the blank to generate martensitic transformation, the secondary slow heating device 4 is adopted to slowly heat the blank to the second phase transformation temperature to enable the blank to be austenitized, austenite formed at high temperature is rapidly cooled and transformed into martensite or martensite-beta-body structures, grains can be refined, internal stress is reduced, the strength of the material is improved, and therefore the material performance of the blank is optimized, the primary rapid heating device 3 can rapidly heat the blank, the secondary heating process of the secondary slow heating device 4 is continued to heat on the basis of the temperature, the heating from room temperature is not needed, and the energy-saving purpose is achieved.
Further, the first phase transition temperature is 380-420 ℃, the temperature rising rate of the blank in the primary rapid heating device 3 is 20-30 ℃/s, and the uniform distribution of the internal temperature and the external temperature of the blank is ensured; the second phase transition temperature is 850-950 ℃, the temperature rising rate of the blank in the secondary slow heating device 4 is 5-10 ℃/s, the uniform distribution of the internal and external temperatures of the blank is ensured, and the heat preservation time is 3-5min; the molding temperature is 850-950 ℃.
Further, the cooling rate of the blank is more than 70 ℃/s, and austenite formed at high temperature is finally transformed into martensite or martensite-bainite structure with high strength, so that the blank is rapidly cooled, and the strength of the blank material is comprehensively improved.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to specific examples, which are provided to facilitate understanding of the method and core ideas of the present invention; also, modifications will occur to those skilled in the art in light of the teachings of this invention, both in the detailed description and the application scope. In view of the foregoing, this description should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (8)
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110238841 | 2021-03-04 | ||
| CN2021102388416 | 2021-03-04 |
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| CN115026201A CN115026201A (en) | 2022-09-09 |
| CN115026201B true CN115026201B (en) | 2024-08-20 |
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| CN118720021B (en) * | 2024-09-04 | 2024-12-06 | 安徽金骏感应加热设备有限公司 | Digital forging complete equipment all-in-one machine |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104942109A (en) * | 2015-07-01 | 2015-09-30 | 上海凌云汽车模具有限公司 | Method and device for producing variable-strength heat forming part |
| CN110039313A (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2019-07-23 | 东营哈东工业技术研究院有限责任公司 | A kind of energy-saving hot forming steel class part substep Forming Equipments and technique |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR101277874B1 (en) * | 2011-03-31 | 2013-06-21 | 주식회사 포스코 | Hot forming parts having strength distribution and method for manufacturing the same |
| CN208151422U (en) * | 2018-02-02 | 2018-11-27 | 无锡朗贤汽车组件研发中心有限公司 | A kind of overcooling austenite thermoforming equipment |
| CN209867919U (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2019-12-31 | 东营哈东工业技术研究院有限责任公司 | Energy-saving type step-by-step forming equipment for hot forming steel parts |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104942109A (en) * | 2015-07-01 | 2015-09-30 | 上海凌云汽车模具有限公司 | Method and device for producing variable-strength heat forming part |
| CN110039313A (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2019-07-23 | 东营哈东工业技术研究院有限责任公司 | A kind of energy-saving hot forming steel class part substep Forming Equipments and technique |
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Effective date of registration: 20251010 Address after: 255300 Shandong Province Zibo City Zhoucun District Hengxing Road 136.NO Patentee after: High Axis Bearing Manufacturing (Shandong) Co.,Ltd. Country or region after: China Address before: 257399 Shandong Province, Dongying City, Guangrao County, Guangrao Economic Development Zone Patentee before: Dongying brat new materials Co.,Ltd. Country or region before: China |
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