CN1149335C - 往复式压缩机的阀固定结构 - Google Patents
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Abstract
提供一种往复式压缩机的阀固定结构，它包括活塞、吸入阀和磁铁。活塞与驱动马达的移动磁铁结合并在气缸内作直线往复运动，活塞中沿往复运动方向有制冷剂通道。吸入阀布置在活塞前端，可开启与关闭活塞的制冷剂通道。磁铁插进活塞前端并固定，靠磁力将吸入阀固定。由于可以吸入阀作为控制活塞冲程的基点，故能减少气缸的死体积，便于活塞行程的控制，因此提高压缩机的效率。此外，由于吸入阀经长期使用不会损坏，即不会因过高吸入压力而损坏，所以压缩机可靠性提高。
Description
发明的领域
本发明涉及往复式压缩机的阀固定结构，更具体地说，涉及往复式压缩机，以磁铁将吸入阀固定到活塞上的阀固定结构。
背景技术的说明
压缩机的吸入阀通常装配在压缩空间的吸入侧，且根据活塞在作吸气和压缩运动时的压差进行开启和关闭，因而限制流体的吸入程度。图1是往复式压缩机一个范例的纵剖面图，其中就装有这样的吸入阀。
如图1所示，现有的往复式压缩机包括：环形机身1，装在外壳V内，外壳V的底部装入机油；机盖2，固定在机身1的一侧；气缸3，沿水平方向固定在机身1的中央；内定子组件4A，安装在支承气缸3的机身1部分的外周上；外定子组件4B，安装到内定子组件4A的外周上，内外定子组件4A和4B间的缝隙宽度事先确定；磁铁组件5，插入内外定子组件4A和4B中间的缝隙内并构成驱动马达(未示)的移动磁铁；活塞6，与磁铁组件5连结成一体，当活塞6在气缸3中作滑动时可吸入/压缩气态制冷剂；内谐振弹簧7A和外谐振弹簧7B，引导磁铁组件5在内、外定子组件4A和4B中间的缝隙中不断作谐振运动；和排气阀组件8，可限制活塞6作往复运动时压缩气体的排放。
如图2A和2B所示，活塞6的头部6b形成在具有预定长度的活塞体6a的前部，而与磁铁组件5相连的连接板6c形成在活塞体6a的后部。在活塞体6a和头部6b中有制冷剂通道F，可引导气态制冷剂通向气缸3。吸入阀9可限制通过制冷剂通道F的气态制冷剂的吸入，并用固定螺栓B连接并固定到活塞6的头部6b的前部。标号6d，9a，9b，DP，SP和O分别指气体开口、开闭部分、阀固定通孔、排放管、吸气管和进油管。
现有的往复式压缩机的操作如下：
当内外定子组件4A和4B通电，因而磁铁组件5作直线往复运动时，和磁铁组件5相结合的活塞6在气缸3内作直线往复运动，因而在气缸3内产生压差。外壳V中的气态制冷剂由于汽缸3内的压差通过气缸6的制冷剂通道F被吸入气缸3中，并被压缩和排放。此连续过程重复进行。
这时，当活塞6向后运动而吸取气态制冷剂时，气态制冷剂在通过制冷剂通道F和气体开口6d的同时推开阀9。因此，阀9并未因活塞6的往复运动而脱离，因此当阀9牢固装到活塞6上时，压缩机可靠性有保障。
这就是图2A和2B中所示在现有技术中公开的用另外的固定螺栓B将吸入阀9固定到活塞6的头部6b的前端的方法。
但是在这种现有的阀组合装置中，由于固定螺栓B的螺栓头伸进气缸3的压缩空间中，产生的死区体积有损于压缩效率。而且，因为固定螺栓B头部凸出，所以活塞6上死点中心和下死点中心的位置难以断定。因此，活塞往复运动中的冲程难以控制。
如图3A和3B所示，在往复式压缩机的吸入阀固定结构中，吸入阀9直接焊到活塞6的前端，因而使死体积可减少到最小，且活塞冲程也容易控制。标号W指焊接点。
但当用焊接方法将吸入阀9与活塞6的前端结合时，因考虑到铸造性能，所以活塞6是用铸铁制作的吸入阀9是高碳弹簧钢制作的，从而导致焊接不牢，因此，压缩机可靠性差。
发明内容
因此，本发明的目的是提供一种往复式压缩机的阀固定结构，能使气缸和活塞之间的死体积减到最小，活塞的冲程容易控制，并使阀与活塞牢固地固定。
为实现这些和其他的优点，并按照本发明的目的，正如在此具体说明的，所提供的往复式压缩机的阀固定结构包括活塞、吸入阀和磁铁。活塞与驱动马达的移动磁铁相结合并在气缸内作直线往复运动，而气缸中沿往复运动方向有一条制冷剂通道；吸入阀设置在活塞前端，用于开启和关闭活塞的制冷剂通道；磁铁嵌入并固定在活塞前端，用磁力固定阀。
本发明上述和其他的目的、特点、方面和优点可以从以下详细说明并以附图为例变得明白起来。
附图简介：
为了对本发明有进一步了解，包括在本说明中且成为说明书一部分的附图，示出本发明的实施例，并且和说明内容一起用于解释本发明的原理。
附图中：
图1是现有往复式压缩机的一个范例的纵剖面图；
图2A是现有往复式压缩机的阀固定结构的一个范例的部件分解透视图；
图2B是现有往复式压缩机的阀固定结构的一个范例的组装纵剖面图；
图3A是现有往复式压缩机改进型的吸入阀固定结构的分解透视图；
图3B是现有往复式压缩机改进型的吸入阀固定结构的组装纵剖面图；
图4A是根据本发明所述往复式压缩机阀固定结构一个范例的分解透视图；
图4B是根据本发明所述往复式压缩机阀固定结构一个范例的组装纵剖面图；
图5A是一纵剖面图，示出根据本发明所述压缩机吸入阀固定结构中活塞在作往复运动时吸入阀的开启动作；及
图5B是一纵剖面图，示出根据本发明所述压缩机吸入阀固定结构中活塞在作往复运动时吸入阀的关闭动作。
优选实施例的详细说明
现在参看附图中所示的实施例详细说明根据本发明所述往复式压缩机的阀固定结构。
图4A是根据本发明所述往复式压缩机的阀固定结构一范例的部件分解透视图。图4B是根据本发明所述往复式压缩机阀固定结构一范例的组装纵剖面图。图5A是表示根据本发明所述压缩机阀固定结构中活塞作往复运动时吸入阀开启动作的纵剖面图。图5B是表示根据本发明所述压缩机吸入阀固定结构中活塞作往复运动时吸入阀关闭动作动的纵剖面图。
如图4A，4B，5A，5B所示，根据本发明所述的阀固定结构包括活塞10、金属吸入阀20和磁铁30。活塞10与磁铁组件5(示于图1)相结合，磁铁组件5是驱动马达(未示)的移动磁铁且插入气缸3(示于图1)内，因此活塞10可在气缸3内滑动；金属吸入阀20装配在活塞10的前端，可开启与关闭制冷剂通道F；磁铁30将吸入阀20定位并吸附到活塞10的前端。
在活塞10中，有预定长度的活塞体11的前部形成活塞的头部12。活塞体11的后部设有连接板13，与磁铁组件5连接。在活塞体11中央有制冷剂通道F，可将气态制冷剂引导到气缸3。
与制冷剂通道F相接的气体开口12a穿过活塞头部12的中央。在气体开口12a的两侧有两个磁铁固定凹槽12b，可装入磁铁30。
吸入阀20有一环形支承圈21。有一悬臂梁式的开闭部分22，从支承圈21的一侧伸向支承圈21的中心。支承圈21的宽度与装入活塞10的前端内的每个磁铁30外径相当。开闭部分22设置成面向活塞10的气体开口12a且其面积比气体开口12的面积大。磁铁30压配合到活塞10的前端形成的磁铁固定槽12b内。当按本实施例那样提供二根磁铁30时，各磁铁最好配置成相互正交以免磁通泄漏。也就是说，采用多根磁铁30时，磁铁30应这样布置，使各磁铁30的磁性互相正交，以免磁通泄漏到磁铁30周围的强磁性物质。
此外，多根磁铁30产生的磁力最好与吸入阀的磁性及磁势(magnetic weight)相当，以便使磁力能吸引吸入阀。
与现有技术中相同的元件采用相同的标号。
根据本发明所述的往复式压缩机阀固定结构，其动作和效果现在予以说明。
当驱动马达(未示)通电时，作为移动磁铁的磁铁组件5(示于图1)作直线往复运动，与磁铁组件5结合在一起的活塞10也在气缸3中作直线往复运动，并吸入气密外壳V(示于图1)内的气态制冷剂，进行压缩，随后排出，这样的过程重复进行。
如图5A所示，当活塞10移动到图5A右侧并吸取气态制冷剂时，气态制冷剂沿制冷剂通道F和活塞10的气体开口12a，打开装在活塞头部12的吸入阀20而被吸进气缸3的压缩空间中。
由于当吸入阀20的支承圈21被固定在活塞10前端的磁铁30上时，吸入阀20的开闭部分22处于松驰状态，所以通过活塞10的制冷剂F和气体开口12a吸入的气态制冷剂的吸入压力使开闭部分22发生弯曲而与活塞10脱开。因此，气态制冷剂吸进压缩空间。
当由于过多地吸入气态制冷剂而在吸入阀20上有过压时，吸入阀20的支承圈21与磁铁30略微分开，因此避免吸入阀20上有过大的应力，从而防止吸入阀20受损。如下面将要说明的，在气态制冷剂被活塞10压缩的过程中，与活塞10分离的吸入阀20依靠磁铁30的磁力很容易固定在活塞10上。
如图5B所示，当活塞10移到图5B左侧并压缩气态制冷剂时，装在话塞10的头部12上的吸入阀20关闭制冷剂开口12a，压缩气缸3中的气态制冷剂。在此过程中，气缸3的压缩空间中的压力不低于预定值，排气阀门8便打开，压缩气体便排出。
吸入阀20靠预先压配合到活塞10中的磁铁30定位到活塞10上。因此，由于在活塞10作往复运动时，吸入阀20能最大限度接近排气阀8，所以很难形成气缸3的死体积。同样，由于活塞10的前端没有凸出的元件，所以容易测出活塞10的正确位置，因而容易控制活塞10的行程。
再有，由于阀20不焊接，因此阀20不会因焊接高温而损坏。此外，因吸入气态制冷剂产生过载时吸入阀20瞬时脱离磁铁30，也可防止吸入阀20上有过高的应力。因此，吸入气态制冷剂过程中产生的过载不会将吸入阀20损坏。因而提高压缩机的可靠性。
在根据本发明所述往复式压缩机的阀固定结构中，通过在活塞前端装上磁铁并将吸入阀吸附固定到磁铁上，可使气缸的死体积减少到最小。同样，在活塞冲程控制过程中通过以活塞前端作为基点，可顺利地控制活塞的行程。因而提高压缩机的效率。
还有，通过防止吸入阀长期使用时的劣化或防止由于过高的吸入压力而损坏吸入阀，可提高压缩机的可靠性。
Claims (5)
1.一种往复式压缩机的阀固定结构，该压缩机包括：活塞(10)，它与驱动马达的移动磁铁(5)结合并在气缸(3)内作直线往复运动，其中沿往复运动方向形成一条制冷剂通道(F)；吸入阀(20)，设置在活塞的前端，用于开启和关闭活塞的制冷剂通道，其特征在于，所述阀固定结构包括：
插入并固定在活塞前端的磁铁(30)，该磁铁(30)依靠磁力将吸入阀固定。
2.权利要求1中的阀固定结构，其特征在于，所述磁铁(30)通过压配合方法被固定到活塞(10)上。
3.权利要求1中的阀固定结构，其特征在于，设有多个磁铁(30)，所述磁铁(30)布置成使各个磁铁的磁力线互相正交。
4.权利要求3中的阀固定结构，其特征在于，所述多个磁铁(30)产生的磁力大小设置成与吸入阀的磁势相当，以便该磁力能吸住吸入阀。
5.权利要求4中的阀固定结构，其特征在于，所述多个磁铁(30)产生的磁力大小被设置成：当在吸入气态制冷剂的过程中吸入阀上作用着过高压力时，通过使吸入阀整体变形来防止吸入阀产生应力。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| KR10-2000-0072442A KR100378818B1 (ko) | 2000-12-01 | 2000-12-01 | 압축기용 흡입밸브의 고정장치 |
| KR72442/2000 | 2000-12-01 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN1356474A CN1356474A (zh) | 2002-07-03 |
| CN1149335C true CN1149335C (zh) | 2004-05-12 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CNB011396555A Expired - Fee Related CN1149335C (zh) | 2000-12-01 | 2001-11-30 | 往复式压缩机的阀固定结构 |
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| Country | Link |
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| US (1) | US6585500B2 (zh) |
| JP (1) | JP3586233B2 (zh) |
| KR (1) | KR100378818B1 (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN1149335C (zh) |
| BR (1) | BR0105355B1 (zh) |
| DE (1) | DE10157702B4 (zh) |
| IT (1) | ITMI20012467A1 (zh) |
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2000
- 2000-12-01 KR KR10-2000-0072442A patent/KR100378818B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2001
- 2001-11-02 US US09/985,401 patent/US6585500B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-11-02 JP JP2001337367A patent/JP3586233B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-11-21 BR BRPI0105355-8A patent/BR0105355B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-11-23 IT IT2001MI002467A patent/ITMI20012467A1/it unknown
- 2001-11-24 DE DE10157702A patent/DE10157702B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-11-30 CN CNB011396555A patent/CN1149335C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US6585500B2 (en) | 2003-07-01 |
| DE10157702B4 (de) | 2005-09-01 |
| ITMI20012467A1 (it) | 2003-05-23 |
| BR0105355A (pt) | 2002-07-09 |
| KR100378818B1 (ko) | 2003-04-07 |
| JP2002221158A (ja) | 2002-08-09 |
| JP3586233B2 (ja) | 2004-11-10 |
| CN1356474A (zh) | 2002-07-03 |
| BR0105355B1 (pt) | 2009-08-11 |
| DE10157702A1 (de) | 2002-07-25 |
| US20020023449A1 (en) | 2002-02-28 |
| KR20020043271A (ko) | 2002-06-10 |
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