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CN114938007A - Offshore wind farm grid-connected energy storage system based on grid-connected control and control method thereof - Google Patents

Offshore wind farm grid-connected energy storage system based on grid-connected control and control method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114938007A
CN114938007A CN202210633354.4A CN202210633354A CN114938007A CN 114938007 A CN114938007 A CN 114938007A CN 202210633354 A CN202210633354 A CN 202210633354A CN 114938007 A CN114938007 A CN 114938007A
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grid
offshore wind
energy storage
current
power
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Inventor
胡鹏飞
陈金玉
陈征
张伟骏
林国栋
蔡强
戴立宇
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Zhejiang University ZJU
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Zhejiang University ZJU
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/28Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
    • H02J3/0014
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/12Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks for adjusting voltage in AC networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/28Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
    • H02J3/32Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/36Arrangements for transfer of electric power between AC networks via a high-tension DC link
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/38Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/381Dispersed generators
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/38Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/46Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
    • H02J3/466Scheduling the operation of the generators, e.g. connecting or disconnecting generators to meet a given demand
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E70/00Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
    • Y02E70/30Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种基于组网型控制的海上风电场并网储能系统及其控制方法,海上风电场并网储能系统包括海上风电系统、高压直流输电系统、并网储能系统和上级电网;所述海上风电系统用于将风能转换成电能;所述高压直流输电系统用于远距离输送海上风电系统产生的电能;所述并网储能系统用于为海上风电系统提供电能储存和输出管理;所述上级电网用于接收海上风电系统传输的电能并进行大范围电能输送和配送。本发明增设并网储能系统,与海上风电系统连接到同一公共并网点,可以平滑海上风电系统的功率波动;此外,并网储能系统的DC/AC控制器采用组网型控制,不仅可以在弱电网中稳定运行,而且还能提供黑启动、惯性响应等。

Figure 202210633354

The invention discloses an offshore wind farm grid-connected energy storage system and a control method based on a grid-connected control. The offshore wind farm grid-connected energy storage system includes an offshore wind power system, a high-voltage direct current transmission system, a grid-connected energy storage system and an upper-level energy storage system. power grid; the offshore wind power system is used to convert wind energy into electrical energy; the high-voltage direct current transmission system is used to transmit the electrical energy generated by the offshore wind power system over a long distance; the grid-connected energy storage system is used to provide electrical energy storage and storage for the offshore wind power system. Output management; the upper-level power grid is used to receive the electric energy transmitted by the offshore wind power system and perform large-scale electric energy transmission and distribution. The invention adds a grid-connected energy storage system, which is connected to the same public grid connection point with the offshore wind power system, so as to smooth the power fluctuation of the offshore wind power system; It operates stably in weak power grids, and can also provide black start, inertial response, etc.

Figure 202210633354

Description

Offshore wind farm grid-connected energy storage system based on grid-connected control and control method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power systems, in particular to an offshore wind farm grid-connected energy storage system based on grid-connected control and a control method thereof.
Background
In recent years, the development of renewable energy sources in China is on the trend of rising year by year, and the planning and construction speed of clean energy sources such as wind power, photovoltaic and the like is continuously accelerated. The offshore wind power is characterized by cleanliness, safety, sustainability and the like, so that the energy strategic position of China is continuously promoted, important options are provided for coping with climate change, and the offshore wind power has a wide development prospect.
The novel power system mainly has the following characteristics: 1. high-proportion new energy is widely accessed; 2. the high-elasticity power grid flexibly and reliably allocates resources; 3. terminal load multi-element interaction of high electrification; 4. infrastructure multi-network converged digital enabling.
Although offshore wind power has a plurality of technical and economic advantages of stable output, large generated energy, wide space resources, large single-machine capacity, small negative influence on the environment and the like, compared with an onshore wind power plant, the offshore wind power plant has the advantages of high power transmission difficulty and uncontrollable output power, and a more serious power quality problem can be caused by long-distance power transmission. Therefore, how to maintain grid-connected stability and smooth output power fluctuation is a problem to be mainly solved by the offshore grid-connected power transmission technology.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a grid-connected energy storage system of an offshore wind farm based on grid-connected control and a control method thereof, aiming at overcoming the defects of the technology.
The grid-connected energy storage system is additionally arranged and connected to the same public grid-connected point with the offshore wind power system, and the grid-connected energy storage system has active power controllability and reactive power controllability, so that power fluctuation of the offshore wind power system can be smoothed. In addition, a DC/AC converter of the grid-connected energy storage system adopts grid-connected control, and a hybrid synchronous ring replaces a phase-locked loop (PLL) to be used as a synchronous mode of the energy storage system and a superior power grid; the grid-connected energy storage system of the offshore wind farm based on the grid-connected type control not only can stably operate in a weak power grid, but also can provide black start, inertial response and the like.
Interpretation of terms:
1. ESS: energy Storage System, Energy Storage System.
2. MPPT: maximum Power Point Tracking.
3. SVPWM: space Vector Pulse Width Modulation.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for overcoming the technical problems is as follows:
an offshore wind power plant grid-connected energy storage system based on grid-connected control comprises an offshore wind power system, a high-voltage direct-current power transmission system, a grid-connected energy storage system and a superior power grid, wherein electric energy generated by the offshore wind power system is transmitted to the superior power grid through the high-voltage direct-current power transmission system and the grid-connected energy storage system;
the offshore wind power system is used for converting wind energy into electric energy and comprises a wind turbine, a permanent magnet synchronous generator and a transformer I;
the high-voltage direct-current transmission system is used for remotely transmitting electric energy generated by an offshore wind power system and comprises an AC/DC converter, an AC/DC controller, a DC/AC converter I, a DC/AC controller I, a filter I and a transformer II, wherein the AC/DC controller is used for detecting the rotor speed of a permanent magnet synchronous generator in the offshore wind power system and the output power of a wind turbine, and the DC/AC controller is used for detecting the direct-current bus voltage of the high-voltage direct-current transmission system;
the grid-connected energy storage system is used for providing electric energy storage and output management for an offshore wind power system and comprises an energy storage system, a DC/AC converter II, a DC/AC controller II, a filter II and a transformer III, wherein the DC/AC controller II is used for detecting active power, reactive power and public grid-connected point voltage output by the grid-connected energy storage system;
and the superior power grid is used for receiving the electric energy transmitted by the offshore wind power system and carrying out large-range electric energy transmission and distribution, and comprises a public grid-connected point and an equivalent power supply of the superior power grid.
Furthermore, the AC/DC controller comprises a MPPT control loop, a current control loop and a first pulse generator, wherein the input end of the current control loop is connected with the output end of the MPPT control loop, and the output end of the current control loop is connected with the input end of the first pulse generator; the MPPT control loop comprises an MPPT algorithm module, a filter III, an adder I and a power regulator, the MPPT control loop is used for processing the rotating speed of a rotor of the permanent magnet synchronous generator through the MPPT algorithm module to form a reference value of the output power of a wind turbine, then the reference value of the output power of the wind turbine and the actual output power of the wind turbine are processed through the power regulator to obtain a q-axis reference value of the output current of the offshore wind power system, meanwhile, a d-axis reference value of the output current of the offshore wind power system is set to be 0, and then the q-axis reference value and the d-axis reference value of the output current of the offshore wind power system are transmitted to the current control loop.
Further, the current control loop comprises an adder II, a current regulator I, a multiplier I, an adder III, an adder IV, a current regulator II, a multiplier II and an adder V, and is used for inputting a q-axis reference value and a d-axis reference value of the output current of the offshore wind power system and outputting a reference voltage d-axis component and a q-axis component required by the pulse generator I.
Furthermore, the first DC/AC controller comprises a direct-current voltage control loop, a current control loop and a second pulse generator, wherein the input end of the current control loop is connected with the output end of the direct-current voltage control loop, and the output end of the current control loop is connected with the input end of the second pulse generator; the direct-current voltage control loop comprises a filter IV, an adder VI and a direct-current voltage regulator, the direct-current voltage control loop is used for inputting a reference value of direct-current bus voltage and an actual value of the direct-current bus voltage, obtaining a d-axis reference value of output current of the high-voltage direct-current power transmission system through the direct-current voltage regulator, setting a q-axis reference value of the output current of the high-voltage direct-current power transmission system to be 0, and transmitting the d-axis reference value and the q-axis reference value of the output current of the high-voltage direct-current power transmission system to the current control loop.
Further, the current control loop comprises a seventh adder, a third current regulator, a third multiplier, an eighth adder, a ninth adder, a fourth current regulator, a fourth multiplier and a tenth adder, and is used for inputting a d-axis reference value and a q-axis reference value of output current of the high-voltage direct-current transmission system and outputting a d-axis component and a q-axis component of reference voltage required by the second pulse generator.
Furthermore, the DC/AC controller II is a networking type controller and comprises a hybrid synchronous ring, a reactive power control ring, an inner ring controller and a third pulse generator, wherein the input end of the inner ring controller is connected with the output end of the reactive power control ring, and the output end of the inner ring controller is connected with the input end of the third pulse generator.
Further, the hybrid synchronous ring comprises a filter five, an adder eleven, an active power regulator, an adder twelve, a Park converter, a voltage regulator one and an integrator, and the hybrid synchronous ring is used for processing active power output by the grid-connected energy storage system through the active power regulator and processing voltage at a common grid-connected point through the voltage regulator one to form a phase angle of a d axis in a dq control coordinate system.
Further, the reactive control loop comprises a sixth filter, a thirteenth adder, a reactive power regulator and a fourteenth adder, and the reactive control loop is used for forming a reference value of the voltage at the common grid-connected point after being processed by the reactive power regulator and then transmitting the reference value of the voltage at the common grid-connected point to the inner loop controller.
Further, the inner ring controller comprises an adder fifteen, a voltage regulator two, a multiplier five, an adder sixteen, an adder seventeen, a current regulator five, a multiplier six, an adder eighteen, an adder nineteen, a voltage regulator three, a multiplier seven, an adder twenty-one, a current regulator six, a multiplier eight and an adder twenty-two, and is used for inputting reference values of a voltage d axis and a q axis at a common grid-connected point, actual values of the voltage d axis and the q axis at the common grid-connected point, actual values of output currents of the grid-connected energy storage system d axis and the q axis, actual values of filter currents of the grid-connected energy storage system d axis and the q axis, and outputting d axis and q axis components of reference voltages required by the pulse generator three.
The invention also discloses a control method of the offshore wind farm grid-connected energy storage system based on the grid-connected control, which comprises the following steps:
the offshore wind power system converts wind energy into electric energy;
the high-voltage direct-current transmission system is used for remotely transmitting electric energy generated by the offshore wind power system, the offshore wind power system outputs the maximum active power under different external conditions under the control of the AC/DC controller in the transmission process, the direct-current bus voltage of the high-voltage direct-current transmission system is stabilized under the control of the DC/AC controller I, and the high-voltage direct-current transmission system transmits the active power output by the offshore wind power system to a superior power grid;
the grid-connected energy storage system provides electric energy storage and output management for the offshore wind power system, provides inertia and frequency support for a superior power grid through the DC/AC controller II, responds to energy scheduling and voltage regulation instructions of the superior power grid, and provides a fault ride-through function for the offshore wind power system.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the offshore wind farm grid-connected energy storage system provided by the invention combines the charging and discharging characteristics of energy storage and the characteristics of strong offshore wind electric wave mobility and uncertainty, so that the offshore wind farm grid-connected energy storage system can deliver safe and stable electric energy to a superior power grid. The grid-connected energy storage system not only smoothes power fluctuation of the offshore wind farm, but also can provide reactive power, voltage regulation and resonance damping for the offshore wind farm.
2. The control method of the offshore wind power plant grid-connected energy storage system based on the grid-connected control provided by the invention reduces the instability problem of offshore wind power grid connection in a weak power grid, and the grid-connected energy storage system adopts the grid-connected control, so that the offshore wind power grid-connected energy storage system can be ensured to stably operate in the weak power grid, and more functions such as black start capability, inertial response and the like are provided.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of an offshore wind farm grid-connected energy storage system based on grid-connected control according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic block diagram of an AC/DC controller of a high voltage direct current transmission system according to the invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic block diagram of a DC/AC controller of a high voltage direct current transmission system according to the invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic block diagram of a DC/AC controller of the grid-connected energy storage system according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic block diagram of an inner loop controller in the DC/AC controller of the grid-connected energy storage system according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a functional block diagram of a pulse generator according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate a better understanding of the invention for those skilled in the art, the invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples, which are given by way of illustration only and do not limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the grid-connected energy storage system of an offshore wind farm based on grid-connected type control according to this embodiment includes an offshore wind power system #1, a high-voltage direct-current power transmission system #2, a grid-connected energy storage system #3, and a superior power grid #4, and electric energy generated by the offshore wind power system #1 is transmitted to the superior power grid #4 through the high-voltage direct-current power transmission system #2 and the grid-connected energy storage system # 3.
Specifically, the offshore wind power system #1 is used for converting wind energy into electric energy and comprises a wind turbine 1, a permanent magnet synchronous generator 2 and a transformer I3. The high-voltage direct-current power transmission system #2 is used for remotely transmitting electric energy generated by an offshore wind power system #1 through overhead cables or submarine cables by utilizing the characteristics of no inductive reactance and no capacitive reactance of direct current, and comprises an AC/DC converter 4, an AC/DC controller 5, a DC/AC converter I6, a DC/AC controller I7, a filter I8 and a transformer II 9. The grid-connected energy storage system #3 is used for providing electric energy storage and output management for the offshore wind power system #1 and comprises an energy storage system 10, a DC/AC converter II 11, a DC/AC controller II 12, a filter II 13 and a transformer III 14; the superior power grid #4 is used for receiving electric energy transmitted by the offshore wind power system #1 and carrying out large-range electric energy transmission and distribution, and comprises a public grid-connected point 15 and a superior power grid equivalent power supply 16.
Specifically, the AC/DC converter 4, the DC/AC converter one 6, and the DC/AC converter two 11 all adopt three-phase bridge type full-control circuits; the first filter 8 and the second filter 13 may be LC type filters or LCL type filters.
Specifically, the control principle structure of the AC/DC controller 5 is as shown in fig. 2, and includes: MPPT control ring #5, current control ring #6 and impulse generator one 29, the input of current control ring #6 is connected with MPPT control ring # 5's output, and the output of current control ring #6 is connected with impulse generator one 29's input. The MPPT control loop #5 includes an MPPT algorithm module 17, a third filter 18, a first adder 19, and a power regulator 20; the current control loop #6 includes an adder two 21, a current regulator one 22, a multiplier one 23, an adder three 24, an adder four 25, a current regulator two 26, a multiplier two 27, and an adder five 28.
Inputting the actual value omega of the rotating speed of the rotor of the permanent magnet synchronous generator 2 r Obtaining the reference value P of the active power output by the wind turbine 1 through the MPPT algorithm module 17 wt,ref (ii) a Inputting the actual value P of active power output by the wind turbine 1 wt (ii) a Will P wt,ref And P wt Difference is made and output to the power regulator 20; obtaining a q-axis reference value i of the output current of the offshore wind power system #1 qref
Q-axis reference value i of output current of input offshore wind power system #1 qref And d-axis reference value i dref Wherein i is dref Is always set to 0; inputting q-axis actual value i of output current of offshore wind power system #1 q And d-axis actual value i d ; i qref And i q Passing through a current regulator after making a differenceOne 22, then with i d The output of the multiplier II 27 is summed to obtain one of the inputs of the pulse generator I29; i.e. i dref And i d After making a difference, pass through current regulator two 26, then and i q The difference is made through the output of the multiplier I23, and the electrical angular frequency omega of the permanent magnet synchronous generator 2 is added e With permanent magnet linkage Ψ f The other input of the first pulse generator 29.
The first multiplier 23 and the second multiplier 27 are the same decoupling term, and usually take the electrical angular frequency ω of the permanent magnet synchronous generator 2 e And its stator inductance L s The product of (a).
The specific structure of the first pulse generator 29 is shown in fig. 6, and includes: a Clark converter 71 and an SVPWM modulator 72.
Specifically, the control structure of the DC/AC controller one 7 is as shown in fig. 3, and includes: the circuit comprises a direct current voltage control loop #7, a current control loop #8 and a second pulse generator 41, wherein the input end of the current control loop #8 is connected with the output end of the direct current voltage control loop #7, and the output end of the current control loop #8 is connected with the input end of the second pulse generator 41. Wherein the dc voltage control loop #7 includes a filter four 30, an adder six 31, and a dc voltage regulator 32; the current control loop #8 includes an adder seven 33, a current regulator three 34, a multiplier three 35, an adder eight 36, an adder nine 37, a current regulator four 38, a multiplier four 39, and an adder ten 40.
Direct current bus voltage reference value V input into high voltage direct current transmission system #2 dc,ref And the actual value V of the DC bus voltage dc Obtaining a d-axis reference value i 'of the output current of the HVDC system #2 through the direct-current voltage regulator 32 after the difference between the two' gd,ref
D-axis reference value i 'of output current of high-voltage direct current transmission system # 2' gd,ref And q-axis reference value i' gq,ref Wherein i' gq,ref Is always set to 0; d-axis actual value i 'of output current of high-voltage direct-current power transmission system #2 is input' gd And q-axis actual value i' gq ;i′ gd,ref And i' gd Is differentiated and then passes through a current regulator three 34 and then is combined with i' gq The sum of the outputs from the multipliers four 39 is added to the actual value u of the d-component of the voltage at the common grid connection point 15 gd Obtaining one of the inputs of the second pulse generator 41; i' gq,ref And i' gq Is differentiated and then passes through current regulator four 38, then is and' gd The difference is made from the output of the multiplier three 35, and the actual value u of the q-axis component of the voltage of the common grid point 15 is added gq And the other input of the second pulse generator 41 is obtained.
The specific structure of the second pulse generator 41 is shown in fig. 6, and includes: a Clark converter 71 and an SVPWM modulator 72.
The invention adopts a battery energy storage system controlled by a grid type, which means that a DC/AC controller II 12 in a grid-connected energy storage system #3 is controlled by the grid type, so that the offshore wind power grid-connected energy storage system can be connected to a weak power grid, and the stability of offshore wind power grid connection in the weak power grid can be enhanced.
The networking type control structure of the second DC/AC controller 12 is shown in fig. 4, and includes: the hybrid synchronous loop comprises a hybrid synchronous loop #9, a reactive power control loop #10, an inner loop controller 53 and a third pulse generator 54, wherein the input end of the inner loop controller 53 is connected with the output end of the reactive power control loop #10, and the output end of the inner loop controller 53 is connected with the input end of the third pulse generator 54. Wherein the hybrid synchronous loop #9 includes a filter five 42, an adder eleven 43, an active power regulator 44, an adder twelve 45, a Park converter 46, a voltage regulator one 47, and an integrator 48; the reactive control loop #10 includes a filter six 49, a summer thirteen 50, a reactive power regulator 51, and a summer fourteen 52.
The hybrid synchronous ring #9 inputs an actual value P of active power transmitted to an upper-level power grid #4 from a grid-connected energy storage system #3 and a reference value P ref (ii) a Inputting the actual value u of the three-phase voltage of the public grid-connected point 15 gabc ;P ref After making a difference with P, the difference is passed through an active power regulator 44, u gabc Taking u after Park transformation gq Through the voltage regulator I47, the two are added with the angular frequency reference value omega 0 Omega under 50Hz alternating current 0 The reference value θ of the phase angle is obtained through the integrator 48, and the phase angle θ is the input reference angle of the Park converter 46.
The reactive power control loop #10 inputs an actual value Q of reactive power transmitted to an upper-level power grid #4 by a grid-connected energy storage system #3 and a reference value Q ref (ii) a Inputting a reference value U of the amplitude of the phase voltage at the common grid-connected point 15 g,ref ;Q ref The difference with Q is made, and then passes through a reactive power regulator 51 to be compared with U g,ref D-axis voltage reference value U of inner loop controller 53 is obtained by summation gd,ref
Specifically, the specific control structure of the inner ring controller 53 is shown in fig. 5, and includes an adder fifteen 55, a voltage regulator two 56, a multiplier five 57, an adder sixteen 58, an adder seventeen 59, a current regulator five 60, a multiplier six 61, an adder eighteen 62, an adder nineteen 63, a voltage regulator three 64, a multiplier seven 65, an adder twenty 66, an adder twenty one 67, a current regulator six 68, a multiplier eight 69, and an adder twenty-two 70.
Inputting d-axis voltage reference value U gd,ref And q-axis voltage reference value U gq,ref Usually U gq,ref Taking the value as 0; inputting the actual value u of the d-axis component of the voltage of the common grid-connected point 15 gd Q-axis component actual value u gq (ii) a The d-axis current actual value i' input into the grid-connected energy storage system #3 and passing through the second filter 13 gLd And the actual value i ″' of the q-axis current gLq (ii) a Inputting the d-axis actual value i ″, of the output current of the grid-connected energy storage system #3 gd And a q-axis reference value i ″) gq
The U is gd,ref And u gd The difference is made and then passed through a second voltage regulator 56, and then u gq The output of the multiplier seven 65 is summed, and i ″' is added gLd Obtaining a d-axis reference value i ″' of the output current of the grid-connected energy storage system #3 gd,ref ; U gq,ref And u gq Differenced and passed through voltage regulator three 64, and then sum u gd The output of the multiplier five 57 is summed, and i' is added gLq Obtaining a q-axis reference value i ″' of the output current of the grid-connected energy storage system #3 gq,ref
The i ″) gd,ref And i ″) gd Differenced by current regulator five 60, then summed with i ″ gq The output through the multiplier eight 69 is summed,plus u gd To obtain one of the inputs to pulse generator three 54; i ″) gq,ref And i ″) gq Differenced by current regulator six 68, then summed with i ″ gd The output through the multiplier six 61 is subtracted and added with u gq And another input to pulse generator three 54 is obtained.
The specific structure of the third pulse generator 54 is shown in fig. 6, and includes: a Clark converter 71 and an SVPWM modulator 72.
The filters used in this embodiment, i.e., the first filter 8, the second filter 13, the third filter 18, the fourth filter 30, the fifth filter 42, and the sixth filter 49, may be any one of a passive low-pass filter, an active low-pass filter, a first-order low-pass filter, a second-order low-pass filter, a third-order low-pass filter, and a higher-order low-pass filter, and the passive low-pass filter, the active low-pass filter, the first-order low-pass filter, the second-order low-pass filter, the third-order low-pass filter, and the higher-order low-pass filter may have a clipping function.
The power regulator, the current regulator, the direct current regulator, the active power regulator, the voltage regulator and the reactive power regulator used in this embodiment all adopt proportional-integral-derivative regulators, the proportional-integral-derivative regulators can be proportional regulators, proportional-integral regulators or proportional-integral-derivative regulators, different regulators are selected according to specific control requirements, and all types of regulators can have an amplitude limiting function.
The control process of the offshore wind farm grid-connected energy storage system based on the grid-connected control is as follows:
when the system normally operates, the AC/DC controller 5 enables the offshore wind power system #1 to output the maximum active power under different external conditions through MPPT control; the first DC/AC controller 7 stabilizes the DC bus voltage of the high-voltage DC transmission system #2 through a DC voltage control loop, and adjusts the current i 'output by the high-voltage DC transmission system #2 through a current control loop # 6' gabc Enabling the high-voltage direct-current power transmission system #2 to transmit active power output by the offshore wind power system #1 to an upper-level power grid # 4; hybrid synchronous loop #9 in DC/AC controller two 12 accomplishes phase locking in combination with power offset and q-axis component of alternating voltageWhile providing inertia and frequency support; the reactive control loop #10 outputs a d-axis component reference value of voltage through the reactive power regulator 51, and the hybrid synchronous loop #9 and the reactive control loop #10 are used as outer loop control to simultaneously input a phase angle of the d-axis and the d-axis component reference value of voltage for the voltage control loop; the inner-loop controller #11 adopts voltage and current double inner-loop control, modulated reference values of d-axis components and q-axis components are input into the pulse generator #12, and finally the pulse modulator obtains trigger pulses through modulation to control the power electronic device to be switched on and off so as to complete control.
The foregoing merely illustrates the general principles of the invention and preferred embodiments thereof, and many changes and modifications may be made by one skilled in the art in light of the above teachings, and such changes and modifications are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1.一种基于组网型控制的海上风电场并网储能系统,其特征在于,包括海上风电系统(#1)、高压直流输电系统(#2)、并网储能系统(#3)和上级电网(#4),海上风电系统(#1)产生的电能通过高压直流输电系统(#2)和并网储能系统(#3)输送至上级电网(#4)中;1. An offshore wind farm grid-connected energy storage system based on network control, characterized in that it comprises an offshore wind power system (#1), a high-voltage direct current transmission system (#2), a grid-connected energy storage system (#3) and the upper-level power grid (#4), the electric energy generated by the offshore wind power system (#1) is transmitted to the upper-level power grid (#4) through the HVDC transmission system (#2) and the grid-connected energy storage system (#3); 所述海上风电系统(#1)用于将风能转换成电能,包括风力机(1)、永磁同步发电机(2)和变压器一(3);The offshore wind power system (#1) is used for converting wind energy into electrical energy, comprising a wind turbine (1), a permanent magnet synchronous generator (2) and a transformer one (3); 所述高压直流输电系统(#2)用于远距离输送海上风电系统(#1)产生的电能,包括AC/DC变流器(4)、AC/DC控制器(5)、DC/AC变流器一(6)、DC/AC控制器一(7)、滤波器一(8)和变压器二(9),其中,所述AC/DC控制器(5)用于检测海上风电系统(#1)中永磁同步发电机(2)的转子转速和风力机(1)的输出功率,所述DC/AC控制器一(7)用于检测高压直流输电系统(#2)的直流母线电压;The high-voltage direct current transmission system (#2) is used for long-distance transmission of electric energy generated by the offshore wind power system (#1), and includes an AC/DC converter (4), an AC/DC controller (5), a DC/AC converter One (6) current transformer, one (7) DC/AC controller, one filter (8) and two (9) transformers, wherein the AC/DC controller (5) is used to detect the offshore wind power system (# 1) The rotor speed of the permanent magnet synchronous generator (2) and the output power of the wind turbine (1), the DC/AC controller one (7) is used to detect the DC bus voltage of the HVDC transmission system (#2) ; 所述并网储能系统(#3)用于为海上风电系统(#1)提供电能储存和输出管理,包括储能系统(10)、DC/AC变流器二(11)、DC/AC控制器二(12)、滤波器二(13)和变压器三(14),其中,所述DC/AC控制器二(12)用于检测并网储能系统(#3)输出的有功功率、无功功率和公共并网点电压;The grid-connected energy storage system (#3) is used for providing electrical energy storage and output management for the offshore wind power system (#1), including an energy storage system (10), a DC/AC converter two (11), a DC/AC Controller two (12), filter two (13) and transformer three (14), wherein the DC/AC controller two (12) is used to detect the active power output by the grid-connected energy storage system (#3), Reactive power and common grid connection point voltage; 所述上级电网(#4)用于接收海上风电系统(#1)传输的电能并进行大范围电能输送和配送,包括公共并网点(15)和上级电网等效电源(16)。The upper power grid (#4) is used for receiving the electric energy transmitted by the offshore wind power system (#1) and performing large-scale power transmission and distribution, including a public grid connection point (15) and an equivalent power source (16) of the upper power grid. 2.根据权利要求1所述的基于组网型控制的海上风电场并网储能系统,其特征在于,所述AC/DC控制器(5)包括MPPT控制环(#5)、电流控制环(#6)和脉冲发生器一(29),电流控制环(#6)的输入端与MPPT控制环(#5)的输出端连接,电流控制环(#6)的输出端与脉冲发生器一(29)的输入端连接;所述MPPT控制环(#5)包括MPPT算法模块(17)、滤波器三(18)、加法器一(19)和功率调节器(20),所述MPPT控制环(#5)用于通过MPPT算法模块(17)对永磁同步发电机(2)的转子转速进行处理,形成风力机(1)输出功率的参考值,再将风力机(1)输出功率的参考值与风力机(1)的实际输出功率经过功率调节器(20)得到海上风电系统(#1)输出电流q轴参考值,同时设海上风电系统(#1)输出电流d轴参考值为0,然后将海上风电系统(#1)输出电流q轴参考值和d轴参考值传输给电流控制环(#6)。2 . The grid-connected energy storage system for offshore wind farms based on networking type control according to claim 1 , wherein the AC/DC controller ( 5 ) comprises an MPPT control loop (# 5 ), a current control loop (#6) and pulse generator one (29), the input terminal of the current control loop (#6) is connected to the output terminal of the MPPT control loop (#5), and the output terminal of the current control loop (#6) is connected to the pulse generator The input terminal of one (29) is connected; the MPPT control loop (#5) includes an MPPT algorithm module (17), a filter three (18), an adder one (19) and a power regulator (20), the MPPT The control loop (#5) is used to process the rotor speed of the permanent magnet synchronous generator (2) through the MPPT algorithm module (17) to form a reference value of the output power of the wind turbine (1), and then output the wind turbine (1) The reference value of power and the actual output power of the wind turbine (1) are obtained through the power regulator (20) to obtain the q-axis reference value of the output current of the offshore wind power system (#1), and the d-axis reference value of the output current of the offshore wind power system (#1) is set at the same time. The value is 0, and then the output current q-axis reference value and d-axis reference value of the offshore wind power system (#1) are transmitted to the current control loop (#6). 3.根据权利要求2所述的基于组网型控制的海上风电场并网储能系统,其特征在于,所述电流控制环(#6)包括加法器二(21)、电流调节器一(22)、乘法器一(23)、加法器三(24)、加法器四(25)、电流调节器二(26)、乘法器二(27)和加法器五(28),所述电流控制环(#6)用于输入海上风电系统(#1)输出电流的q轴参考值和d轴参考值,输出脉冲发生器一(29)所需的参考电压d轴分量和q轴分量。3 . The grid-connected energy storage system for offshore wind farms based on networking type control according to claim 2 , wherein the current control loop (#6) comprises two adders (21), one current regulator ( 22), multiplier one (23), adder three (24), adder four (25), current regulator two (26), multiplier two (27) and adder five (28), the current control The loop (#6) is used to input the q-axis reference value and d-axis reference value of the output current of the offshore wind power system (#1), and output the d-axis and q-axis components of the reference voltage required by the pulse generator one (29). 4.根据权利要求1所述的基于组网型控制的海上风电场并网储能系统,其特征在于,所述DC/AC控制器一(7)包括直流电压控制环(#7)、电流控制环(#8)和脉冲发生器二(41),电流控制环(#8)的输入端与直流电压控制环(#7)的输出端连接,电流控制环(#8)的输出端与脉冲发生器二(41)的输入端连接;所述直流电压控制环(#7)包括滤波器四(30)、加法器六(31)和直流电压调节器(32),所述直流电压控制环(#7)用于输入直流母线电压的参考值、直流母线电压的实际值,经过直流电压调节器(32)得到高压直流输电系统(#2)输出电流d轴参考值,同时设高压直流输电系统(#2)输出电流q轴参考值为0,然后将高压直流输电系统(#2)输出电流d轴参考值和q轴参考值传输给电流控制环。4 . The grid-connected energy storage system for offshore wind farms based on networking type control according to claim 1 , wherein the DC/AC controller one (7) comprises a DC voltage control loop (#7), a current The control loop (#8) and the second pulse generator (41), the input end of the current control loop (#8) is connected to the output end of the DC voltage control loop (#7), and the output end of the current control loop (#8) is connected to the output end of the DC voltage control loop (#7). The input end of the pulse generator two (41) is connected; the DC voltage control loop (#7) includes a filter four (30), an adder six (31) and a DC voltage regulator (32), the DC voltage control The loop (#7) is used to input the reference value of the DC bus voltage and the actual value of the DC bus voltage, and obtain the reference value of the output current d-axis of the HVDC transmission system (#2) through the DC voltage regulator (32). The output current q-axis reference value of the power transmission system (#2) is 0, and then the output current d-axis reference value and q-axis reference value of the HVDC system (#2) are transmitted to the current control loop. 5.根据权利要求4所述的基于组网型控制的海上风电场并网储能系统,其特征在于,所述电流控制环(#8)包括加法器七(33)、电流调节器三(34)、乘法器三(35)、加法器八(36)、加法器九(37)、电流调节器四(38)、乘法器四(39)和加法器十(40),所述电流控制环(#8)用于输入高压直流输电系统(#2)输出电流d轴参考值和q轴参考值,输出脉冲发生器二(41)所需的参考电压d轴分量和q轴分量。5 . The grid-connected energy storage system for offshore wind farms based on networking type control according to claim 4 , wherein the current control loop (#8) comprises an adder seven (33), a current regulator three ( 34), multiplier three (35), adder eight (36), adder nine (37), current regulator four (38), multiplier four (39) and adder ten (40), the current control The loop (#8) is used to input the d-axis reference value and the q-axis reference value of the output current of the HVDC system (#2), and to output the d-axis and q-axis components of the reference voltage required by the second pulse generator (41). 6.根据权利要求1所述的基于组网型控制的海上风电场并网储能系统,其特征在于,所述DC/AC控制器二(12)为组网型控制,其包括混合同步环(#9)、无功控制环(#10)、内环控制器(53)和脉冲发生器三(54),内环控制器(53)的输入端与无功控制环(#10)的输出端连接,内环控制器(53)的输出端与脉冲发生器三(54)的输入端连接。6 . The grid-connected energy storage system for offshore wind farms based on networking type control according to claim 1 , wherein the second (12) DC/AC controller is a networking type control, which includes a hybrid synchronous loop. 7 . (#9), reactive power control loop (#10), inner loop controller (53) and pulse generator three (54), the input terminal of the inner loop controller (53) and the reactive power control loop (#10) The output end is connected, and the output end of the inner loop controller (53) is connected with the input end of the pulse generator three (54). 7.根据权利要求6所述的基于组网型控制的海上风电场并网储能系统,其特征在于,所述混合同步环(#9)包括滤波器五(42)、加法器十一(43)、有功功率调节器(44)、加法器十二(45)、Park变换器(46)、电压调节器一(47)和积分器(48),所述混合同步环(#9)用于通过有功功率调节器(44)处理并网储能系统(#3)输出的有功功率,通过电压调节器一(47)处理公共并网点(15)处电压,形成dq控制坐标系中d轴的相位角。7 . The grid-connected energy storage system for offshore wind farms based on networking type control according to claim 6 , wherein the hybrid synchronization loop (#9) comprises a filter five (42), an adder eleven ( 43), active power regulator (44), adder twelve (45), Park converter (46), voltage regulator one (47) and integrator (48), the hybrid synchronization loop (#9) uses The active power output by the grid-connected energy storage system (#3) is processed by the active power regulator (44), and the voltage at the common grid-connected point (15) is processed by the voltage regulator one (47) to form the d-axis in the dq control coordinate system. phase angle. 8.根据权利要求7所述的基于组网型控制的海上风电场并网储能系统,其特征在于,所述无功控制环(#10)包括滤波器六(49)、加法器十三(50)、无功功率调节器(51)和加法器十四(52),所述无功控制环(#10)用于通过无功功率调节器(51)处理后形成公共并网点(15)处电压的参考值,之后将公共并网点(15)处电压的参考值传输给内环控制器(53)。8 . The grid-connected energy storage system for offshore wind farms based on networking type control according to claim 7 , wherein the reactive power control loop (#10) comprises a filter six (49), an adder thirteen (50), a reactive power regulator (51) and an adder fourteen (52), the reactive power control loop (#10) is used to form a common grid connection point (15) after being processed by the reactive power regulator (51) ), and then transmit the reference value of the voltage at the common grid connection point (15) to the inner loop controller (53). 9.根据权利要求8所述的基于组网型控制的海上风电场并网储能系统,其特征在于,所述内环控制器(53)包括加法器十五(55)、电压调节器二(56)、乘法器五(57)、加法器十六(58)、加法器十七(59)、电流调节器五(60)、乘法器六(61)、加法器十八(62)、加法器十九(63)、电压调节器三(64)、乘法器七(65)、加法器二十(66)、加法器二十一(67)、电流调节器六(68)、乘法器八(69)和加法器二十二(70),所述内环控制器(53)用于输入公共并网点(15)处电压d轴和q轴的参考值、公共并网点(15)处电压d轴和q轴的实际值、并网储能系统(#3)输出电流d轴和q轴的实际值、并网储能系统(#3)滤波器电流d轴和q轴的实际值,输出脉冲发生器三(54)所需的参考电压的d轴和q轴分量。9 . The grid-connected energy storage system for offshore wind farms based on networking type control according to claim 8 , wherein the inner loop controller ( 53 ) comprises an adder fifteen ( 55 ), a voltage regulator two (56), multiplier five (57), adder sixteen (58), adder seventeen (59), current regulator five (60), multiplier six (61), adder eighteen (62), Adder Nineteen (63), Voltage Regulator Three (64), Multiplier Seven (65), Adder Twenty (66), Adder Twenty (67), Current Regulator Six (68), Multiplier Eight (69) and twenty-two (70) adders, the inner loop controller (53) is used to input the reference values of the d-axis and q-axis of the voltage at the common grid connection point (15), and at the common grid connection point (15) The actual value of voltage d-axis and q-axis, the actual value of output current d-axis and q-axis of grid-connected energy storage system (#3), the actual value of filter current d-axis and q-axis of grid-connected energy storage system (#3) , the d-axis and q-axis components of the reference voltage required by the output pulse generator three (54). 10.一种根据权利要求1-9任一项所述的基于组网型控制的海上风电场并网储能系统的控制方法,其特征在于,包括步骤如下:10. A control method for an offshore wind farm grid-connected energy storage system based on networking type control according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that the method comprises the following steps: 所述海上风电系统(#1)将风能转换成电能;The offshore wind power system (#1) converts wind energy into electrical energy; 所述高压直流输电系统(#2)将海上风电系统(#1)产生的电能进行远距离输送,输送过程中,通过所述AC/DC控制器(5)的控制使海上风电系统(#1)在不同外部条件下输出最大的有功功率,通过所述DC/AC控制器一(7)的控制使高压直流输电系统(#2)的直流母线电压稳定,进而使高压直流输电系统(#2)向上级电网(#4)输送海上风电系统(#1)输出的有功功率;The high-voltage direct current transmission system (#2) transmits the electric energy generated by the offshore wind power system (#1) over a long distance. During the transmission process, the offshore wind power system (#1) is controlled by the AC/DC controller (5). ) output the maximum active power under different external conditions, and stabilize the DC bus voltage of the HVDC transmission system (#2) through the control of the DC/AC controller one (7), thereby making the HVDC transmission system (#2) stable. ) to transmit the active power output by the offshore wind power system (#1) to the upper power grid (#4); 所述并网储能系统(#3)为海上风电系统(#1)提供电能储存和输出管理,通过所述DC/AC控制器二(12)为上级电网(#4)提供惯量和频率支撑、响应上级电网(4)的能量调度和电压调节指令、为海上风电系统(#1)提供故障穿越功能。The grid-connected energy storage system (#3) provides electrical energy storage and output management for the offshore wind power system (#1), and provides inertia and frequency support for the upper-level power grid (#4) through the DC/AC controller two (12) , respond to the energy dispatch and voltage regulation commands of the upper power grid (4), and provide a fault ride-through function for the offshore wind power system (#1).
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Application publication date: 20220823