CN114912801A - Multifunctional control panel manual work efficiency evaluation method and system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a multifunctional control panel manual work efficiency evaluation method and a system, belonging to the technical field of industrial design, wherein in the design and use processes of a multifunctional control panel, a plurality of factors have important influence on manual work efficiency, including the types, arrangement, azimuth, elevation angle, size, work task flow and the like of control elements; these factors have not only a significant primary effect on the ergonomics of the multi-control panel wrench, but also have a significant interaction with each other and have a significant impact on ergonomics. By carrying out variance analysis and regression analysis on the factors and the interaction between the factors, the specific influence on the work efficiency of the multifunctional control panel wrench is obtained, a work efficiency evaluation system with a simple form is constructed, and the work efficiency of the multifunctional control panel wrench can be evaluated conveniently, quickly and accurately only by inputting partial parameters of the control elements.

Description

A method and system for evaluating manual work ergonomics of a multifunctional control panel

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of industrial design, and in particular relates to a method and a system for evaluating the manual work efficiency of a multifunctional control panel.

Background technique

Due to the limitations of technology or algorithms, the application of automation in closed-loop systems is relatively successful, but in open-loop control systems, many important manipulations or controls still need to be done manually by humans; even if the degree of intelligence does not reach a very high level At the same time, the effect of automation is not ideal; therefore, in many operation processes, the manual operation links that are still retained are often very important, and higher operation speed and operation accuracy are required, which also puts forward the ergonomic evaluation of the control device. higher requirement.

In the actual industrial design, in order to improve the monitoring and operation efficiency of the operators, the control devices are mostly medium-sized or large-scale multi-functional control panels with high degree of integration and multi-functionality. In the design process of the multi-function control panel, it is often only grouped by control element type or control function, or using ergonomic evaluation methods and scales to quickly evaluate from the perspective of working posture. These methods mainly consider the independent effects of various factors in the working environment, and are used as simple evaluation methods; for example, the OWAS work posture analysis system can perform whole body analysis and evaluation and RULA rapid upper limb evaluation.

The construction methods of many evaluation models are different, and there is also a certain deviation in the ergonomics evaluation results under specific operating conditions; one of the sources of deviation is that these scale-based assessments are classified according to the assessed posture and look up the table, and then one by one. The ergonomics scores of the evaluation sites are simply added, ignoring the interaction between many ergonomics influencing factors. In general, many existing ergonomic evaluation methods can be quickly applied and can provide a rough assessment of working conditions. However, they all have certain limitations due to ignoring the interaction between the factors affecting the work efficiency. The interaction between the various factors should be considered in accurately evaluating the job or designing the interface of the job.

In addition, these methods only carry out a simple partition score for the working posture, and the number of variable levels that can be selected in each partition is also very limited. The details of the movements during the work process, resulting in a less refined assessment. At the same time, the postures referenced by these evaluation methods are quasi-static, and do not consider the huge influence of task flow characteristics and sequence effects in manipulation operations on work ergonomics.

With the improvement of the ergonomic requirements of opponents and the continuous emergence of new, multi-functional and complex interactive interfaces, the evaluation and analysis of work ergonomics have become more important and complex. At the same time, traditional ergonomic evaluation is increasingly incapable of these complex analyses. It is necessary to provide a more targeted method for ergonomic evaluation of complex operation interfaces, especially considering a variety of special features specific to multi-function control panels. factors, the characteristics of the manipulating task process, and the effects of the interactions between them. In addition, it is necessary to ensure the simplicity and convenience of the method, which can be quickly evaluated and the results can be given in an intuitive form, without excessively increasing the cost of design, evaluation and optimization.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Aiming at the above-mentioned defects in the prior art, the present invention provides a method and system for evaluating the manual work ergonomics of a multifunctional control panel. During the design and use of the multifunctional control surface, a number of factors have an important influence on the work efficiency of the hand. Including the type, arrangement, azimuth, elevation angle, size, and operation task flow of the control elements; these factors not only have a significant main effect on the manual work ergonomics of the multi-function control panel, but also have significant interaction effects with each other, and have a significant impact on the ergonomics. great impact. Through the analysis of variance and regression analysis of the above factors and their interactions, the specific effects on the manual work ergonomics of the multi-function control panel are obtained, and a simple ergonomics evaluation system is constructed (only for the right handed and right-handed hands). If you only need to input some parameters of the control element, you can easily, quickly and accurately evaluate the manual work ergonomics of the multi-function control panel.

The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A method for evaluating the manual work ergonomics of a multifunctional control panel, the method comprises the following steps:

Step 1: Determine the working initial position reference point (RP point);

Step 2: Determine the parameter _xi to be measured of a certain manipulation element;

Step 3: Determine the value of the parameter coefficient β _i ;

Step 4: Calculate the estimated operating time t and the evaluation score S of the manipulation element according to the prediction model; the calculation formula of the prediction model is as follows:

Step 5: Calculate the estimated operating time t and evaluation score S of all the control elements to be tested on the panel to be tested, according to the importance of each control element (you can set it according to the actual situation, such as frequency of use, control error tolerance, control target action importance level, etc.) are weighted to calculate the final average estimated working time and evaluation score of the entire panel;

Step 6: Compare the calculated average estimated working time and evaluation score of the entire panel with the evaluation scale to obtain the final evaluation result.

Further, the reference point of the initial working position in step 1 is the contact point between the fingertip and the side panel when the user's right arm naturally lifts and straightens and points to the panel to be tested when the panel design is in the correct working posture. .

Further, the number of parameters to be tested described in step 2 is 16, namely x _i (i=1～16), as shown in Table 1 for details;

Table 1 is the selection table of parameters to be tested

Further, the judgment conditions for the large-sized components are as follows:

If the diameter of the knob (if the radius of the knob is different from the length of the handle, the length of the handle shall prevail) is greater than 570mm, and the thickness of the handle is greater than 100mm, the knob element is determined to be large;

If the diameter of the button is greater than 570mm, it is determined that the button element is of large size;

If the diameter of the toggle switch handle is greater than 6mm, the toggle switch element is determined to be large.

Further, the values of the parameter coefficients are shown in Table 2;

Table 2 Value table of parameter coefficients

Further, the parameter coefficients described in step 3 are in one-to-one correspondence with the parameters to be measured described in step 2.

Further, the evaluation scale described in step 6 is shown in Table 3;

Table 3 is the evaluation scale

On the other hand, the present invention also provides a multifunctional control panel manual work ergonomics evaluation system, comprising:

The first determination module is used to determine the working initial position reference point;

The second determination module is used to determine the parameter _xi to be measured of a certain manipulation element;

The third determination module is used to determine the value of the parameter coefficient β _i ;

a calculation module, used for calculating the estimated operating time t and the evaluation score S of the manipulation element and all manipulation elements to be tested according to the prediction model;

The comparison module is used to compare the calculated average estimated working time and evaluation score of the entire panel with the evaluation scale.

Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:

The invention not only considers the main effect of the influencing factors, but also considers the interaction between each factor that has a significant impact on the evaluation result, so that the evaluation result is more accurate and reliable, and the goodness of fit is compared with the model that does not consider the interaction effect. , the coefficient of determination is increased by 0.2;

The present invention uses the design parameters of the control panel itself for evaluation, so the model includes not only simple factors related to working posture, but also detailed factors related to operation actions and dynamic factors related to work flow. In this way, inaccurate motion evaluation and quasi-static evaluation errors are avoided, and simple verification evaluation can be performed at the early stage of panel design without physical verification;

In the present invention, after 2048 experiments are carried out on different subjects whose gender balance and height almost obey the normal distribution, the standard estimation error between the operation evaluation time obtained by the prediction model and the actual measurement of a single successful operation time Only 0.26 seconds.

Description of drawings

In order to illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings that are required to be used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art. Similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals throughout the drawings. In the drawings, each element or section is not necessarily drawn to actual scale.

FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for evaluating the manual work ergonomics of a multifunctional control panel according to the present invention;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the elevation angle of the multi-function control panel;

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the size of the commonly used manipulators for judging the size;

Among them, a is a schematic diagram of the discriminating size of the knob element size;

b is a schematic diagram of the discriminant size of the button component size;

c is a schematic diagram of the judging size of the size of the toggle switch element.

Detailed ways

In order to clearly and completely describe the technical solution of the present invention and its specific working process, with reference to the accompanying drawings, the specific embodiments of the present invention are as follows:

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and other terms should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection or a detachable connection , or integrated; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between the two elements, unless otherwise specified limit. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, a first feature "on" or "under" a second feature may be in direct contact between the first and second features, or the first and second features indirectly through an intermediary touch. Also, the first feature being "above", "over" and "above" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature being "below", "below" and "below" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature has a lower level than the second feature.

In the description of this specification, description with reference to the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples", etc., mean specific features described in connection with the embodiment or example , structure, material or feature is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of the different embodiments or examples, without conflicting each other.

Example 1

Starting from the design and application parameters of the multi-function control panel itself, consider the influence of various factors and interaction on the operating efficiency of the hand; these factors include the types of control elements on the multi-function control panel, the vertical and horizontal positions of the control elements, The left and right orientation of the control panel relative to the dominant hand (this method is only applicable to the case where the dominant hand is the right hand), the elevation angle of the control panel, the size of the control element, and the type of tasks; The objective ergonomics evaluation data was analyzed and regressed, and an ergonomics prediction model suitable for the multi-functional control panel was established to guide the analysis, design and optimization of related products.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the present embodiment provides a method for evaluating the manual work ergonomics of a multifunctional control panel, the method includes the following steps:

Step 1: Determine the working initial position reference point (RP point);

The working initial position reference point is the contact point between the fingertip and the belt side panel when the user is in the correct working posture for the panel design, when the right arm is naturally lifted and straightened and pointed to the panel to be tested;

Step 2: Determine the parameter _xi to be measured of a certain manipulation element;

The number of the parameters to be measured is 16, namely x _i (i=1～16), as shown in Table 1 for details;

Table 1 is the selection table of parameters to be tested

The large-size components are judged as follows:

If the diameter of the knob (if the radius of the knob is different from the length of the handle, the length of the handle shall prevail) is greater than 570mm, and the thickness of the handle is greater than 100mm, the knob element is determined to be large;

If the diameter of the button is greater than 570mm, it is determined that the button element is of large size;

If the diameter of the toggle switch handle is greater than 6mm, the toggle switch element is determined to be large.

Step 3: Determine the value of the parameter coefficient β _i ;

The values of the parameter coefficients are shown in Table 2;

Table 2 Value table of parameter coefficients

The parameter coefficients described in step 3 are in one-to-one correspondence with the parameters to be measured described in step 2;

Step 4: Calculate the estimated operating time t and the evaluation score S of the manipulation element according to the prediction model; the calculation formula of the prediction model is as follows:

Step 5: Calculate the estimated operating time t and evaluation score S of all the control elements to be tested on the panel to be tested, according to the importance of each control element (you can set it according to the actual situation, such as frequency of use, control error tolerance, control target action importance level, etc.) are weighted to obtain the final average estimated working time and evaluation score of the entire panel;

Step 6: Compare the calculated average estimated working time and evaluation score of the entire panel with the evaluation scale to obtain the final evaluation result.

The evaluation scale described in step 6 is shown in Table 3;

Table 3 is the evaluation scale

Example 2

This embodiment evaluates the hand-operated ergonomics of a multi-function control panel with one button, two knobs, and one button opening element arranged with an elevation angle of 75° as shown in FIG. 2 .

Step 1: Determine the working initial position reference point (RP point). The target user of the multi-function control panel is made to sit in the correct working posture, and the right arm is naturally raised and straight and pointed to the panel to be tested. Mark the contact point between the fingertip and the panel to be side panel at this time, this point is the RP point.

Step 2: Determine the parameters _xi to be tested for the buttons in the panel from Table 1. The operating element is a button, not a knob and a toggle switch, so x ₁ =1, x ₂ =0, x ₃ =0; after measurement, the diameter of the button is 400mm, which is less than 570mm according to Figure 3-b, so it is determined that It is a small-sized component, so x ₄ = 0; the elevation angle of the control panel is 75°, so x ₅ = 75; the button is located in the upper left corner of the panel, on the left side of the RP point, so x ₆ = 1; when the button is used Random trigger, no sequence operation is required, so x ₇ =0; the horizontal distance between the button and the RP point is 20cm, and the vertical distance is 30cm, so x ₈ =0.2, x ₉ =0.3. Calculate the remaining 7 parameters to be measured from the first 9 parameters to be measured, x ₁₀ =x ₁ x ₇ =1×0=0, x ₁₁ =x ₂ x ₇ =0×0=0, x ₁₂ =x ₃ x ₇ =0× ₀ =0, _x13 = _x4x5 =0×75=0, _x14 = _x4x7 =0× ₀ =0, _x15 = _x5x6 =75× ₁ =75, x ₁₆ = x ₅ x ₈ =75×0.2=15.

Step 3: Determine the value of the parameter coefficient β _i from Table 2. Make the parameter coefficients correspond to the parameters to be measured one-to-one, add the constant coefficient β ₀ to a total of 17 parameter coefficients, and check whether the parameters to be measured have been obtained completely and the calculation is accurate.

Step 4: Calculate the estimated operation time t and evaluation score S of the button according to the prediction model.

t=2.210-0.208×1-0.066×0-0.083×0-0.103×0+0.002×75+0.056×1-0.337×0+0.685×0.2+0.782×0.3+0.107×0+0.266×0+0.119× 0+0.002×0-0.175×0+0.002×75-0.004×15=2.670;

S=61.751×(3.307-2.6696)=39.4;

Step 5: Repeat the above steps to calculate the estimated operating time t and the evaluation score S of all the manipulation elements to be tested on the panel to be tested. Finally, the button evaluation results t=2.670, S=39.4; the knob 1 evaluation results t=1.842, S=90.5; the knob 2 evaluation results t=2.160, S=70.8; the toggle switch evaluation results t=2.052, S=77.5.

Weighting is performed according to the importance of each manipulation element. In this example, the importance of the manipulation element is defined according to the frequency of use of each element. It is estimated that the use times of each component accounts for the following proportions of the use times of the entire panel: the button is 25%, the knob 1 is 35%, the knob 2 is 35%, and the toggle switch is 5%. Calculate the final average estimated working time of the entire panel t=2.670×25%+1.842×35%+2.160×35%+2.052×5%=2.171, and the evaluation score S=39.4×25%+90.5×35%+70.8 ×35%+77.5×5%=70.2.

Step 6: Compare the calculated average estimated working time and evaluation score of the entire panel with the evaluation scale in Table 3 to obtain the final evaluation result. The average estimated working time of each component of the entire panel is 2.171 seconds, and the overall handwork ergonomics evaluation score is 70.2 points. Comparing with Table 3, the handwork ergonomics of the multi-functional control panel can be obtained as a good evaluation result.

Example 3

This embodiment provides a multi-functional control panel manual work ergonomics evaluation system, including:

The first determination module is used to determine the working initial position reference point;

The second determination module is used to determine the parameter _xi to be measured of a certain manipulation element;

The third determination module is used to determine the value of the parameter coefficient β _i ;

a calculation module, used for calculating the estimated operating time t and the evaluation score S of the manipulation element and all the manipulation elements to be tested according to the prediction model;

The comparison module is used to compare the calculated average estimated work time and evaluation score of the entire panel with the evaluation scale.

The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above-mentioned embodiments. Within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, These simple modifications belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

In addition, it should be noted that the specific technical features described in the above-mentioned specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner under the condition of no contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention has The combination method will not be specified otherwise.

In addition, the various embodiments of the present invention can also be combined arbitrarily, as long as they do not violate the spirit of the present invention, they should also be regarded as the contents disclosed in the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A method for ergonomically evaluating a multi-function control panel wrench task, said method comprising the steps of:

the method comprises the following steps: determining a working initial position reference point RP point;

step two: determining a parameter x to be measured for a control element _i ；

Step three: determining a parameter coefficient beta _i Taking the value of (A);

step four: calculating the predicted operation time t and the evaluation score S of the operating element according to a prediction model; the calculation formula of the prediction model is as follows:

step five: calculating the estimated operation time t and the evaluation score S of all the operating elements to be detected on the panel to be detected, weighting according to the importance degree of each operating element, and calculating to obtain the final average estimated operation time and the final evaluation score of the whole panel;

step six: and comparing the calculated average estimated operation time and the evaluation score of the whole panel with the evaluation scale to obtain a final evaluation result.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the reference point of the working initial position is the contact point between the fingertip and the side panel when the right arm is naturally lifted straight and directed to the panel to be measured when the user for which the panel is designed is in the correct working posture.

3. The method for evaluating work efficiency of multifunctional operation panel wrench as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step two, the number of the parameters to be measured is 16, that is, x _i (i is 1 to 16), specifically shown in table 1;

table 1 shows the selection of parameters to be measured

4. A multifunctional control panel wrench work ergonomically assessing method as claimed in claim 3 wherein the large size component discrimination conditions are as follows:

if the diameter of the knob is larger than 570mm and the thickness of the rotary handle is larger than 100mm, judging that the knob element is large-sized;

if the diameter of the button is larger than 570mm, the button element is judged to be large;

if the diameter of the toggle switch handle is larger than 6mm, the toggle switch element is judged to be large-sized.

5. The multifunctional control panel wrench work ergonomics assessment method of claim 1 wherein the values of the parameter coefficients are shown in table 2;

TABLE 2 table of values of parameter coefficients

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the parameter coefficients of step three correspond one-to-one to the parameters to be measured of step two.

7. The multifunctional control panel manual work ergonomics assessment method of claim 1 wherein the rating scale of step six is shown in table 3;

table 3 shows the evaluation scale

8. A multifunctional control panel wrench work ergonomics assessment system comprising:

the first determination module is used for determining a working initial position reference point;

a second determination module for determining a parameter x to be measured of a certain control element _i ；

A third determination module for determining a parameter coefficient beta _i Taking the value of (A);

the calculation module is used for calculating the predicted operation time t and the evaluation score S of the operating element and all to-be-detected operating elements according to the prediction model;

and the comparison module is used for comparing the calculated average predicted operation time and the evaluation score of the whole panel with the evaluation scale.

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