CN114914007A - Monitoring method, controller and system for master control room of nuclear power plant - Google Patents
Monitoring method, controller and system for master control room of nuclear power plant Download PDFInfo
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- CN114914007A CN114914007A CN202111570788.6A CN202111570788A CN114914007A CN 114914007 A CN114914007 A CN 114914007A CN 202111570788 A CN202111570788 A CN 202111570788A CN 114914007 A CN114914007 A CN 114914007A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21D—NUCLEAR POWER PLANT
- G21D3/00—Control of nuclear power plant
- G21D3/008—Man-machine interface, e.g. control room layout
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21D—NUCLEAR POWER PLANT
- G21D3/00—Control of nuclear power plant
- G21D3/04—Safety arrangements
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
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Abstract
本发明涉及了一种核电厂的主控室监控方法、控制器及系统，该实施例的主控室监控方法包括：获取核电厂的机组运行信息；获取主控室的人员状态监测信息；获取主控室的环境状态监测信息；根据所述机组运行信息和/或所述人员状态监测信息和/或所述环境状态监测信息，通过执行机构调节主控室的环境参数信息或输出相应的提醒信息。实施本发明的技术方案，可根据机组运行信息、主控室内人员状态及环境状态实时调节主控室的环境或进行提醒，为主控室内的操纵员提供舒适的环境，这样，在操纵员需要作出决策时，可降低操纵员烦躁不安的情绪，提高操纵员的行为认知能力和操纵员的决策准确性，进而提高核电厂的安全性。
The invention relates to a main control room monitoring method, controller and system of a nuclear power plant. The main control room monitoring method in this embodiment includes: acquiring unit operation information of a nuclear power plant; acquiring personnel state monitoring information in the main control room; acquiring The environmental status monitoring information of the main control room; according to the unit operation information and/or the personnel status monitoring information and/or the environmental status monitoring information, the environmental parameter information of the main control room is adjusted by the actuator or a corresponding reminder is output information. By implementing the technical scheme of the present invention, the environment of the main control room can be adjusted in real time or reminded according to the operating information of the unit, the state of personnel in the main control room and the environmental state, so as to provide a comfortable environment for the operator in the main control room. When making decisions, it can reduce the operator's irritability, improve the operator's behavioral cognition ability and the operator's decision-making accuracy, thereby improving the safety of the nuclear power plant.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of nuclear power, in particular to a monitoring method, a controller and a system for a master control room of a nuclear power plant.
Background
Nuclear power is an important component in an energy structure, and safety is the basis for developing the nuclear power. The safe operation of a nuclear power plant is closely related to the design, construction and operation stages, and the decision and behavior of a master control room operator are the most critical among many influencing factors.
At present, the decision accuracy of operators in a nuclear power plant is mainly guaranteed by regulations, guardianship and training, and the decision accuracy of the operators is limited to a certain extent. In addition, during daily work, if the operator has physical abnormality such as fever, coma, drowsiness, etc., an erroneous decision may be made. Therefore, a solution for monitoring the environment and personnel status of the main control room is needed to improve the decision accuracy of the nuclear power plant operator.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a monitoring method, a controller and a system for a main control room of a nuclear power plant aiming at the defects in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a master control room monitoring method of a nuclear power plant is constructed, and comprises the following steps:
a first acquisition step: acquiring unit operation information of a nuclear power plant;
a second acquisition step: acquiring personnel state monitoring information of a master control room;
a third acquisition step: acquiring environmental state monitoring information of a master control room;
the control steps are as follows: and adjusting the environmental parameter information of the main control room or outputting corresponding reminding information through an executing mechanism according to the unit operation information and/or the personnel state monitoring information and/or the environmental state monitoring information.
Preferably, the actuating mechanism comprises an air conditioning device, and/or an oxygen generator, and/or a loudspeaker; further, the controlling step includes:
judging whether at least one of the following events occurs at present according to the unit operation information: stopping the pile, jumping, and controlling the air conditioning device to reduce the temperature of the main control when the load change rate exceeds a set value and the at least one event occurs; and/or controlling the oxygen generator to improve the oxygen concentration of the main control chamber; and/or controlling the loudspeaker to increase the alarm volume.
Preferably, the actuating mechanism comprises a fresh air device, and/or an oxygen generator, and/or an air conditioning device; the environment state monitoring information comprises carbon dioxide concentration monitoring information, and/or oxygen concentration monitoring information, and/or room temperature monitoring information; further, the controlling step includes:
judging whether the current carbon dioxide concentration in the main control room exceeds a first preset value or not according to the carbon dioxide concentration monitoring information, and increasing the fresh air intake amount by adjusting a valve of the fresh air device when the current carbon dioxide concentration in the main control room exceeds a first setting so as to enable the current carbon dioxide concentration to be consistent with the first preset value;
and/or the presence of a gas in the atmosphere,
judging whether the current oxygen concentration in the main control room is within a preset concentration range according to the oxygen concentration monitoring information, and if not, improving the oxygen concentration by adjusting the power of the oxygen generator so as to enable the current oxygen concentration to be within the preset concentration range;
and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
and judging whether the current indoor temperature in the main control room is within a preset temperature range or not according to the indoor temperature monitoring information, and if not, adjusting the temperature by controlling the air conditioning device so as to enable the current temperature to be within the preset temperature range.
Preferably, the actuator comprises a loudspeaker, and the personnel state monitoring information comprises personnel body temperature monitoring information; further, the controlling step includes:
and judging whether the current body temperature of the operator is abnormal or not according to the personnel body temperature monitoring information, and controlling the loudspeaker to output first reminding information when the body temperature is abnormal.
Preferably, the actuator includes a speaker, and the person state monitoring information includes person number monitoring information; further, the controlling step includes:
and judging whether the number of the operators in the main control room exceeds a preset number according to the personnel number monitoring information, and controlling the loudspeaker to output second reminding information when the number of the operators exceeds the preset number.
Preferably, the executing mechanism comprises a loudspeaker, and the personnel state monitoring information comprises personnel action monitoring information; further, the controlling step includes:
and judging whether the static time of the operator in the master control room exceeds a preset time period or not according to the personnel action monitoring information, and controlling the loudspeaker to output third reminding information when the static time exceeds the preset time period.
Preferably, the actuator comprises an anti-noise device; the environmental state monitoring information comprises sound monitoring information; further, the controlling step includes:
and judging whether the sound source is noise according to the sound monitoring information, and controlling the anti-noise device to output corresponding anti-noise waves when the sound source is noise.
Preferably, the actuator comprises a speaker; the environmental state monitoring information comprises sound monitoring information; further, the controlling step includes:
and judging whether the current volume in the master control room is greater than a preset volume value or not according to the sound monitoring information, and when the current volume is greater than the preset volume value and the loudspeaker needs to output corresponding reminding information or alarm information, controlling the power of the loudspeaker to improve the volume of the output reminding information or alarm information.
The invention also provides a controller, which is applied to a master control room monitoring system of a nuclear power plant, wherein the controller comprises a processor and a memory stored with a computer program, and the processor realizes the above master control room monitoring method of the nuclear power plant when executing the computer program.
The invention also constructs a master control room monitoring system of a nuclear power plant, comprising:
the monitoring mechanism is used for monitoring the personnel state and the environment state of the master control room;
the controller described above;
and an actuator.
According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the environment of the main control room can be adjusted or reminded in real time according to the monitoring information of the unit operation information, the environment state in the main control room and the personnel state, and a comfortable environment is provided for an operator in the main control room, so that when the operator needs to make a decision, the dysphoric mood of the operator can be reduced, the behavior cognitive ability of the operator and the decision accuracy of the operator are improved, and the safety of a nuclear power plant is further improved.
Drawings
In order to illustrate the embodiments of the invention more clearly, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be derived from those drawings by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an embodiment of a method for monitoring a main control room of a nuclear power plant according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of a monitoring method for a master control room of a nuclear power plant according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a logical structure diagram of a first embodiment of a monitoring system of a main control room of a nuclear power plant according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of an embodiment of a monitoring method for a master control room of a nuclear power plant, which is combined with the application scenario shown in fig. 2, where the monitoring method for the master control room of the embodiment is applied to a controller 20, the controller 20 is respectively connected to a control system of the nuclear power plant, a monitoring mechanism, and an execution mechanism, and the monitoring mechanism includes: body temperature detector 11, carbon dioxide sensor 12, oxygen sensor 13, sound sensor 14, in addition can also include temperature sensor, camera, human detection sensor, actuating mechanism including: a loudspeaker 31, a fresh air device & oxygen generator 32, an air conditioning device 33, and in addition, a noise eliminator can be included.
As shown in fig. 1, the master control room monitoring method of a nuclear power plant of this embodiment includes the steps of:
first acquisition step S10: acquiring unit operation information of a nuclear power plant;
second acquisition step S20: acquiring personnel state monitoring information of a master control room;
third acquisition step S30: acquiring environmental state monitoring information of a master control room;
control step S40: and adjusting the environmental parameter information of the main control room or outputting corresponding reminding information through an executing mechanism according to the unit operation information and/or the personnel state monitoring information and/or the environmental state monitoring information.
In this embodiment, it should be noted that the sequence of the first obtaining step S10, the second obtaining step S20, and the third obtaining step S30 is not limited in the present invention, and each information may be obtained continuously from each monitoring mechanism according to its own sampling frequency, and after the information is sent to the controller, the controller adjusts the environmental parameter information of the main control room in real time or outputs corresponding reminding information according to the unit operation information, the environmental state in the main control room, and the monitoring information of the personnel state, so as to provide a comfortable environment for the operator in the main control room.
Further, in one embodiment, the actuator includes an air conditioning device, an oxygen generator, and a speaker. Further, control step S40 includes: judging whether at least one of the following events occurs at present according to the unit operation information: shutdown, trip, load change rate exceeding a set value (e.g., 10MW/Min), and controlling the air conditioning unit to reduce the temperature of the main control upon the occurrence of the at least one event; and/or controlling the oxygen generator to improve the oxygen concentration of the main control chamber; and/or controlling the loudspeaker to increase the alarm volume. In this embodiment, when it is determined that shutdown, trip, and excessive load change rate occur, the operator in the main control room needs to continuously think and operate at a high load, so that the operator can reduce the dysphoric mood by lowering the temperature of the main control room (e.g., from 26 ℃ to 21 ℃) and starting the oxygen generator to increase the oxygen content in the main control room to 22.5%. In addition, the volume of alarm information output by the loudspeaker can be increased, so that the sensitivity of personnel to abnormality is improved.
Further, in a specific embodiment, the actuating mechanism comprises a fresh air device, an oxygen generator and an air conditioning device. The environmental state monitoring information comprises carbon dioxide concentration monitoring information, oxygen concentration monitoring information and room temperature monitoring information. Further, the control step S40 includes: judging whether the current carbon dioxide concentration in the main control room exceeds a first preset value (for example 700PPM) according to the carbon dioxide concentration monitoring information, and when the current carbon dioxide concentration exceeds the first preset value, increasing the fresh air intake quantity by adjusting a valve of the fresh air device so as to enable the current carbon dioxide concentration to be consistent with the first preset value; judging whether the current oxygen concentration in the main control room is within a preset concentration range (20.5% -21.5%) according to the oxygen concentration monitoring information, and if not, improving the oxygen concentration by adjusting the power of the oxygen generator so as to enable the current oxygen concentration to be within the preset concentration range; and judging whether the current room temperature in the master control room is within a preset temperature range (26 +/-0.5 ℃) or not according to the room temperature monitoring information, and if not, controlling the air conditioning device to adjust the temperature so as to enable the current temperature to be within the preset temperature range. In this embodiment, the carbon dioxide concentration, the oxygen concentration and the temperature in the main control room are adjusted in real time by continuously monitoring the carbon dioxide concentration, the oxygen concentration and the temperature in the main control room, so that a biologically comfortable environment is maintained in the main control room.
Further, in a specific embodiment, the actuator includes a speaker, and the person condition monitoring information includes person body temperature monitoring information. Further, the control step S40 includes: and judging whether the current body temperature of the operator is abnormal (for example, exceeds 37.2 ℃) or not according to the personnel body temperature monitoring information, and controlling the loudspeaker to output first reminding information when the body temperature is abnormal. In this embodiment, the body temperature monitoring information of the operator can be obtained through an infrared temperature sensor arranged in the main control room, and when the body temperature of the operator is judged to be abnormal, for example, heating occurs, the loudspeaker outputs first reminding information, for example, a 'dripping' sound is emitted for 10 seconds, so as to remind related personnel of further processing or change of operators.
Further, in a specific embodiment, the actuator includes a speaker, and the person status monitoring information includes a person quantity monitoring information. Further, control step S40 includes: and judging whether the number of the operators in the main control room exceeds a preset number (for example, 10 persons) according to the monitoring information of the number of the persons, and controlling the loudspeaker to output second reminding information when the number of the operators exceeds the preset number. In this embodiment, the number of operators in the main control room can be determined by the camera and the image recognition in the main control room, or the number of operators in the main control room can be determined by the human body detection sensor in the main control room, and when the number of the operators is determined to be excessive, the speaker outputs second reminding information, for example, a "dripping" sound is emitted for 20 seconds to remind relevant people of further processing.
Further, in a specific embodiment, the actuator includes a speaker, and the person state monitoring information includes person action monitoring information. Further, control step S40 includes: and judging whether the time of the operator in the main control room for standing (not acting) exceeds a preset time period (for example, 15 minutes) or not according to the personnel action monitoring information, and controlling the loudspeaker to output third reminding information when the time exceeds the preset time period. In this embodiment, the operator can be determined whether the operator is standing still by the camera and image recognition in the main control room, and if the standing time is too long, the operator can be determined to be in a doze state or a coma state, and the speaker outputs a third warning message, for example, a "drip" sound for 30 seconds.
Further, in one particular embodiment, the actuator includes an anti-squealer and the environmental condition monitoring information includes sound monitoring information. Further, the control step S40 includes: and judging whether the sound source is noise according to the sound monitoring information, and controlling the anti-noise device to output corresponding anti-noise waves when the sound source is noise. In the embodiment, the sound can be monitored by a sound sensor arranged in the main control room, whether the sound source is noise or not is judged, and if the sound source is noise, the anti-noise device is controlled to output corresponding anti-noise waves to be offset with the original noise, so that the discomfort of an operator is reduced; if the sound source is an alarm sound, a reminding sound or a human voice, the sound is directly output through the loudspeaker.
Further, in one embodiment, the actuator includes a speaker and the environmental condition monitoring information includes sound monitoring information. Further, the control step S40 includes: and judging whether the current volume in the master control room is greater than a preset volume value (for example, 50 decibels) or not according to the sound monitoring information, and when the current volume is greater than the preset volume value and the loudspeaker needs to output corresponding reminding information or alarm information, improving the volume of the output reminding information or alarm information by controlling the power of the loudspeaker. In the embodiment, whether the volume is overlarge is determined by detecting the volume in the main control room in real time, and when the volume is overlarge, a reminding sound or an alarming sound is increased, so that an operator can find the abnormity in time, and the sensitivity of personnel to the abnormity is improved.
It should be understood that the above embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention, and in practical applications, the above embodiments may be arbitrarily combined or divided according to practical requirements.
The invention also constructs a controller, and the controller is applied to a monitoring system of a main control room of the nuclear power plant. Furthermore, the controller comprises a processor and a memory, the memory stores a computer program, and the processor implements the above-mentioned method for monitoring the main control room of the nuclear power plant when executing the computer program.
Fig. 3 is a logical block diagram of a first embodiment of a monitoring system 100 of a master control room of a nuclear power plant according to the present invention, and the monitoring system 100 of the master control room of the nuclear power plant includes a monitoring mechanism 10, a controller 20, and an execution mechanism 30. The controller 20 is connected to the nuclear plant control system, the monitoring means 10 and the actuator 30, respectively. The monitoring mechanism 10 is used for monitoring the personnel state and the environmental state of the main control room, and with reference to fig. 2, the monitoring mechanism 10 may include, for example, a body temperature detector 11, a carbon dioxide sensor 12, an oxygen sensor 13, a sound sensor 14, a temperature sensor, a camera, a human body detection sensor, and the like. The logical structure of the controller 20 can be referred to the above description, and is not described herein. The actuator 30 is used for adjusting the environmental parameter information of the main control room or outputting corresponding reminding information according to the output signal of the controller 20, and with reference to fig. 2, the actuator 30 may include, for example, a speaker 31, a fresh air device & oxygen generator 32, an air conditioning device 33, and may further include a noise damper, etc.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any tampering, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A master control room monitoring method of a nuclear power plant is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a first acquisition step: acquiring unit operation information of a nuclear power plant;
a second acquisition step: acquiring personnel state monitoring information of a master control room;
a third acquisition step: acquiring environmental state monitoring information of a master control room;
the control steps are as follows: and adjusting the environmental parameter information of the main control room or outputting corresponding reminding information through an executing mechanism according to the unit operation information and/or the personnel state monitoring information and/or the environmental state monitoring information.
2. A method of monitoring a master control room of a nuclear power plant according to claim 1, wherein the actuators comprise air conditioning units, and/or oxygen generators, and/or speakers; further, the controlling step includes:
judging whether at least one of the following events occurs at present according to the unit operation information: stopping, jumping, and controlling the air conditioning device to reduce the temperature of the main control when the load change rate exceeds a set value and at least one event occurs; and/or controlling the oxygen generator to improve the oxygen concentration of the main control chamber; and/or controlling the loudspeaker to increase the alarm volume.
3. A method of monitoring a primary control room of a nuclear power plant as claimed in claim 1, wherein said actuators comprise fresh air devices, and/or oxygen generators, and/or air conditioning devices; the environmental state monitoring information comprises carbon dioxide concentration monitoring information, and/or oxygen concentration monitoring information, and/or room temperature monitoring information; further, the controlling step includes:
judging whether the current carbon dioxide concentration in the main control room exceeds a first preset value or not according to the carbon dioxide concentration monitoring information, and increasing the fresh air intake amount by adjusting a valve of the fresh air device when the current carbon dioxide concentration in the main control room exceeds a first setting so as to enable the current carbon dioxide concentration to be consistent with the first preset value;
and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
judging whether the current oxygen concentration in the main control room is in a preset concentration range according to the oxygen concentration monitoring information, and if not, improving the oxygen concentration by adjusting the power of the oxygen generator so as to enable the current oxygen concentration to be in the preset concentration range;
and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
and judging whether the current indoor temperature in the main control room is within a preset temperature range or not according to the indoor temperature monitoring information, and if not, adjusting the temperature by controlling the air conditioning device so as to enable the current temperature to be within the preset temperature range.
4. The method of monitoring a master control room of a nuclear power plant according to claim 1, wherein the actuator includes a speaker, and the personnel state monitoring information includes personnel body temperature monitoring information; further, the controlling step includes:
and judging whether the current body temperature of the operator is abnormal or not according to the personnel body temperature monitoring information, and controlling the loudspeaker to output first reminding information when the body temperature is abnormal.
5. The method of monitoring a master control room of a nuclear power plant according to claim 1, wherein the execution mechanism includes a speaker, and the personnel state monitoring information includes personnel number monitoring information; further, the controlling step includes:
and judging whether the number of the operators in the main control room exceeds a preset number according to the personnel number monitoring information, and controlling the loudspeaker to output second reminding information when the number of the operators exceeds the preset number.
6. The method of monitoring a master control room of a nuclear power plant according to claim 1, wherein the execution mechanism includes a speaker, and the personnel state monitoring information includes personnel action monitoring information; further, the controlling step includes:
and judging whether the static time of the operator in the master control room exceeds a preset time period or not according to the personnel action monitoring information, and controlling the loudspeaker to output third reminding information when the static time exceeds the preset time period.
7. The method of monitoring a master control room of a nuclear power plant of claim 1, wherein the actuator includes an anti-noise device; the environmental state monitoring information comprises sound monitoring information; further, the controlling step includes:
and judging whether the sound source is noise according to the sound monitoring information, and controlling the anti-noise device to output corresponding anti-noise waves when the sound source is noise.
8. The method of monitoring a master control room of a nuclear power plant of claim 1, wherein the actuator includes a speaker; the environmental state monitoring information comprises sound monitoring information; further, the controlling step includes:
and judging whether the current volume in the master control room is greater than a preset volume value or not according to the sound monitoring information, and when the current volume is greater than the preset volume value and the loudspeaker needs to output corresponding reminding information or alarm information, controlling the power of the loudspeaker to improve the volume of the output reminding information or alarm information.
9. A controller for use in a master control room monitoring system of a nuclear power plant, the controller comprising a processor and a memory storing a computer program, wherein the processor, when executing the computer program, implements the master control room monitoring method of the nuclear power plant according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. A master control room monitoring system of a nuclear power plant, comprising:
the monitoring mechanism is used for monitoring the personnel state and the environment state of the master control room;
the controller of claim 9;
and an actuator.
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