CN114866814A - Network bandwidth allocation method and device - Google Patents
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- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
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- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
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Abstract
The application provides a network bandwidth allocation method and a device, wherein the network bandwidth allocation method comprises the following steps: determining an audio buffer area and a video buffer area, wherein the audio buffer area is smaller than the video buffer area; caching the audio data of the target audio and video to an audio cache region, and caching the video data of the target audio and video to a video cache region; acquiring audio cache information of an audio cache region, and acquiring playing cache information corresponding to a target audio and video cache information of a video cache region; distributing video bandwidth and audio bandwidth for the target audio and video according to the audio cache information; according to the method, the bandwidth allocation between the audio and the video can be dynamically adjusted according to the audio cache information, bandwidth waste is reduced, audio and video playing blockage is reduced, and user experience is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of computer technologies, and in particular, to a network bandwidth allocation method. The application also relates to a network bandwidth allocation device, a computing device and a computer readable storage medium.
Background
With the development of internet technology, more and more users watch video content through terminals, when a terminal downloads audio and video content from a server, a Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) creates a video receiving buffer area and an audio receiving buffer area in the terminal, and the video receiving buffer area and the audio receiving buffer area share the bandwidth of a device to receive data until the respective receiving buffer areas are filled.
In general, the default size of the video receiving buffer and the default size of the audio receiving buffer are the same, and both are very large, and the video code rate is usually much larger than the audio code rate, so that in the process of starting playing, as long as the audio receiving buffer is not full, the video will compete for the bandwidth with the video, which causes the problem that the video downloading which originally needs more bandwidth is very slow, and the problems of slow loading or even failure of the first frame, pause playing and the like are caused.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present application provides a network bandwidth allocation method. The application also relates to a network bandwidth allocation device, a computing device and a computer readable storage medium, which are used for solving the problem that in the process of caching audio and video, audio data and video data compete for network bandwidth, so that audio and video playing is blocked.
According to a first aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a method for allocating network bandwidth is provided, including:
determining an audio buffer area and a video buffer area, wherein the audio buffer area is smaller than the video buffer area;
caching audio data of a target audio and video to the audio cache region, and caching video data of the target audio and video to the video cache region;
acquiring audio cache information of the audio cache region, and acquiring playing cache information corresponding to the target audio and video cache information of the video cache region;
distributing video bandwidth and audio bandwidth to the target audio and video according to the audio cache information;
and determining a target cache region adjusting strategy according to the playing cache information and the video cache information, and adjusting the audio cache region and the video cache region based on the target cache region adjusting strategy.
According to a second aspect of the embodiments of the present application, there is provided a network bandwidth allocation apparatus, including:
a determining module configured to determine an audio buffer and a video buffer, wherein the audio buffer is smaller than the video buffer;
the cache module is configured to cache the audio data of the target audio and video to the audio cache region and cache the video data of the target audio and video to the video cache region;
the acquisition module is configured to acquire audio cache information of the audio cache region, and acquire playing cache information corresponding to the target audio and video cache information of the video cache region;
the distribution module is configured to distribute video bandwidth and audio bandwidth for the target audio and video according to the audio cache information;
and the adjusting module is configured to determine a target cache region adjusting strategy according to the playing cache information and the video cache information, and adjust the audio cache region and the video cache region based on the target cache region adjusting strategy.
According to a third aspect of embodiments herein, there is provided a computing device comprising a memory, a processor and computer instructions stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the processor implementing the steps of the network bandwidth allocation method when executing the computer instructions.
According to a fourth aspect of embodiments of the present application, there is provided a computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions which, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the network bandwidth allocation method.
The network bandwidth allocation method provided by the application determines an audio cache region and a video cache region, wherein the audio cache region is smaller than the video cache region; caching audio data of a target audio and video to the audio cache region, and caching video data of the target audio and video to the video cache region; acquiring audio cache information of the audio cache region, and acquiring playing cache information corresponding to the target audio and video cache information of the video cache region; distributing video bandwidth and audio bandwidth to the target audio and video according to the audio cache information; and determining a target cache region adjusting strategy according to the playing cache information and the video cache information, and adjusting the audio cache region and the video cache region based on the target cache region adjusting strategy.
According to the embodiment of the application, the large video cache region and the small audio cache region are arranged, the audio cache information in the audio cache region is monitored, the distribution of video bandwidth and audio bandwidth is dynamically adjusted through the audio cache information, more bandwidths are distributed for videos under the condition that the audio can be cached quickly, the video caching efficiency is improved, the bandwidth waste is reduced, the audio and video playing is reduced, and the use experience of a user is improved.
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Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a network bandwidth allocation method according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of a play start increasing strategy of an audio/video provided by an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a reduction adjustment strategy of an audio/video provided by an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a processing flow diagram of a network bandwidth allocation method applied to a certain audio/video buffer according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a network bandwidth allocation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is a block diagram of a computing device according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application. This application is capable of implementation in many different ways than those herein set forth and of similar import by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of this application and is therefore not limited to the specific implementations disclosed below.
The terminology used in the one or more embodiments of the present application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the one or more embodiments of the present application. As used in one or more embodiments of the present application and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and/or" as used in one or more embodiments of the present application is intended to encompass any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
It will be understood that, although the terms first, second, etc. may be used herein in one or more embodiments of the present application to describe various information, these information should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one type of information from another. For example, a first aspect may be termed a second aspect, and, similarly, a second aspect may be termed a first aspect, without departing from the scope of one or more embodiments of the present application. The word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "at … …" or "when … …" or "in response to a determination", depending on the context.
First, the noun terms to which one or more embodiments of the present application relate are explained.
TCP receive buffer: the terminal comprises a kernel cache area used for temporarily storing data received from the server, and the kernel cache area can be further divided into an audio cache area and a video cache area for audio and video files.
The first frame time: the time from the user clicking the video to the rendering of the first frame of the video is the time consumed by the first frame time, and the time consumed by the first frame time, besides the time consumed by the service side about the user clicking, the page creating and the rendering, also includes the time consumed by the video requesting, the data caching and the subsequent decoding and rendering at the player level.
The blockage rate: the fraction of the total play events that have occurred is the katton play event.
A Seek: and dragging the audio and video from the current position to the given position quickly and playing the audio and video.
When a terminal downloads audio and video from a server, a TCP (transmission control protocol) creates a video cache region and an audio cache region, the video cache region and the audio cache region share network equipment of the terminal to receive data until the respective receiving cache regions are filled up, and the size of the video cache region and the size of the audio cache region are fixed and are a large fixed value by default in the current system, so that the whole audio and video can be played and used conveniently. At present, there is also a method that a small audio buffer area and a small video buffer area are set during broadcasting, and then a simple growth strategy is used to grow the audio buffer area and the video buffer area to the maximum value.
However, in practical applications, the code rate of a video is usually much greater than the code rate of an audio, and in the process of starting playing, as long as the audio buffer is not full, bandwidth competition with the video is achieved, which causes that video downloading which originally needs more bandwidth becomes slow, and further causes problems of slow loading or even failure of the first frame, pause playing and the like. In addition, setting a large audio buffer for audio with a low code rate may also result in traffic waste. The set smaller audio buffer area and video buffer area can optimize the first frame time and the loading failure rate to a certain extent when the playing is started, but the growth strategy is too simple and lacks of the adjustment strategy, and the playing pause rate can be increased.
Based on this, in the present application, a network bandwidth allocation method is provided, and the present application simultaneously relates to a network bandwidth allocation apparatus, a computing device, and a computer readable storage medium, which are described in detail in the following embodiments one by one.
Fig. 1 shows a flowchart of a network bandwidth allocation method according to an embodiment of the present application, which specifically includes the following steps:
step 102: and determining an audio buffer area and a video buffer area, wherein the audio buffer area is smaller than the video buffer area.
In practical application, a user wants to watch a certain audio/video, and needs to cache the audio/video to a terminal for watching, at this time, a target audio/video specifically refers to the audio/video that the user wants to watch, and in general, the video frame and the audio frame of the target audio and video are corresponding, a user watches the target audio and video by using the terminal, the playing button on the terminal can be clicked, the terminal sends the acquisition instruction of the target audio and video to the server, the server sends the audio data and the video data of the target audio and video to the terminal, the terminal receives the audio data and the video data in a mode of setting an audio cache region and a video cache region, specifically, the audio data is cached in the audio cache region, the video data is cached in the video cache region, and then, caching the audio data and the video data to a play cache region, wherein the play cache region is used for caching audio and video contents which can be directly played in the player.
The method comprises the steps that a user uses a terminal to send a cache instruction to a server, wherein the cache instruction specifically refers to an instruction used for caching audio data and video data, after the cache instruction for target audio and video is received, an audio cache region and a video cache region are generated for the target audio and video, and the audio cache region and the video cache region are TCP receiving cache regions.
The length of audio cache district and video cache district in this application is different, and audio cache district is less than promptly the video cache district, specifically, in order to satisfy when playing audio and video not take place the card pause, audio cache district and video cache district will satisfy following condition:
1, in order to ensure that the audio and video can be played normally, the audio and video with a certain time (frame number) need to be cached.
2, as the audio code rate is usually smaller than the video code rate, in order to ensure that the downloaded frame numbers of the two are as consistent as possible, the video cache region is required to be ensured to be larger than the audio cache region;
3, in order to reasonably allocate the network bandwidth, the size of the audio buffer area cannot be too large, and the audio buffer area needs to be filled as soon as possible, so that the bandwidth is allocated to the video, and the synchronization of the audio and the video is ensured.
It should be noted that, in this step, the audio buffer area and the video buffer area may be determined to correspond to different stages of buffering the audio and video, in the start-up stage, the initial audio buffer area and the initial video buffer area are determined according to the playing duration of the target audio and video, and in the stage after start-up, the audio buffer area and the video buffer area are buffer areas after being adjusted by the adjustment policy.
Based on this, in the broadcast starting stage, the audio buffer area and the video buffer area are determined, and the method comprises the following steps:
determining the initial playing time length, the audio code rate and the video code rate of the target audio and video;
determining an initial audio buffer area based on the initial playing time length and the audio code rate;
and determining an initial video cache region based on the initial playing time and the video code rate.
Specifically, the initial playing time period is to satisfy the requirement in the above condition 1, and the initial playing time period may be set to 2 seconds. The audio code rate specifically refers to the code rate of the audio in the target audio/video, and the video code rate specifically refers to the code rate of the video in the target audio/video.
After the initial playing time length, the audio code rate and the video code rate are determined, an initial audio cache region can be determined according to the initial playing time length and the audio code rate, an initial video cache region is determined according to the initial playing time length and the video code rate, specifically, the size of the initial audio cache region can be obtained according to the multiplication of the initial playing time length and the audio code rate, and the size of the initial video cache region can be obtained according to the multiplication of the initial playing time length and the video code rate. For example, the initial playing time is 5 seconds, the audio rate is 50K, and the video rate is 200K, based on which it can be determined that the initial audio buffer is set to 250K and the initial video buffer is 1000K.
In subsequent operations, the audio buffer area and the video buffer area can be adjusted according to the corresponding buffer area adjustment strategy, and then the adjusted audio buffer area and video buffer area are obtained.
Step 104: and caching the audio data of the target audio and video to the audio cache region, and caching the video data of the target audio and video to the video cache region.
After the audio data buffer area and the video buffer area of the target audio and video are determined, the audio data and the video data of the target audio and video can be received, the audio data is buffered to the audio buffer area, and the video data is buffered to the video buffer area.
Step 106: and acquiring audio cache information of the audio cache region, and acquiring playing cache information corresponding to the target audio and video cache information of the video cache region.
In the process of caching the audio data and the video data, monitoring audio caching information of an audio cache region, wherein the audio caching information specifically refers to information of the audio data cached in the audio cache region, and may include audio caching duration, audio caching rate of the audio cache region, and the like.
By acquiring the audio cache information of the audio cache region, the network bandwidth can be conveniently distributed according to the audio cache information, so that the audio bandwidth and the video bandwidth can be dynamically adjusted in the process of caching the audio data and the video data.
In practical application, the audio data is cached in the audio cache region, the video data is cached in the video cache region, a play cache region is further arranged in the terminal, target audio and video data used for playing is cached in the play cache region, namely, the audio data of a target frame is obtained from the audio cache region, the video data of the target frame is obtained from the video cache region, the audio data and the video data corresponding to the target frame are combined to generate audio and video data, the audio and video data are cached in the play cache region, and the target audio and video data in the play cache region can be directly used for playing by the player.
The method includes the steps of obtaining playing cache information of a target audio and video in a playing cache region, wherein the playing cache information may specifically include playable time length of the target audio and video, playing cache rate of the playing cache region, and the like.
The video cache information specifically refers to information of video data cached in the video cache region, and may include a video cache duration, a video cache rate of the video cache region, and the like.
In the process of caching the video data and the audio data of the target audio and video, the playing cache information in the playing cache region and the video cache information in the video cache region can be obtained in real time, and the sizes of the video cache region and the audio cache region can be adjusted in an assisted manner according to the two information.
Step 108: and distributing video bandwidth and audio bandwidth for the target audio and video according to the audio cache information.
After the audio buffer information is obtained, the audio bandwidth and the video bandwidth may be dynamically adjusted in real time according to the specific condition of the audio buffer information, where the audio bandwidth specifically refers to a bandwidth allocated for buffering audio data, and the video bandwidth specifically refers to a bandwidth allocated for buffering video data, in practical applications, the total bandwidth of the terminal is fixed, and the audio bandwidth and the video bandwidth are determined from the total bandwidth.
In the embodiment provided by the present application, further, the audio buffer information includes an audio buffer rate, and correspondingly, a video bandwidth and an audio bandwidth need to be allocated to a target audio and video according to the audio buffer rate, specifically, allocating the video bandwidth and the audio bandwidth to the target audio and video according to the audio buffer information includes:
under the condition that the audio cache rate is smaller than or equal to a preset audio threshold value, adjusting the video bandwidth to be equal to the audio bandwidth, wherein the preset audio threshold value is determined according to the audio cache region;
and under the condition that the audio cache rate is greater than the preset audio threshold value, adjusting the video bandwidth to be greater than the audio bandwidth.
The audio buffer ratio specifically refers to the buffer ratio of audio data in the audio buffer area, for example, the size of the audio buffer area is 400K, and if the buffered audio data has 200K, the audio buffer ratio is 50%; if the size of the audio buffer is 500K and the buffered audio data has 450K, the audio buffering rate is 90%.
The preset audio threshold specifically refers to a predefined threshold of audio data in an audio buffer, and if the audio buffer rate in the audio buffer is greater than the preset audio threshold, it indicates that the data in the audio buffer is saturated at this time, and an audio bandwidth for buffering the audio data may not be allocated to the data; if the audio buffer rate in the audio buffer area is less than or equal to the preset audio threshold, it indicates that there is space in the audio buffer area for buffering audio data, and the same bandwidth may be allocated to the audio data and the video data. Specifically, the preset audio threshold may be set to be higher, for example, 99%, 99.5%, etc., and the specific setting of the preset audio threshold is subject to practical application.
In a specific embodiment provided by the present application, taking a preset audio threshold as 99% as an example, the audio buffer rate of the audio buffer area is 60%, and at this time, if the audio buffer rate is smaller than the preset audio threshold, it may be determined that the audio buffer area is not filled, and at this time, the audio bandwidth is set to be the same as the video bandwidth.
In another specific embodiment provided by the present application, taking a preset audio threshold as 99% as an example, the audio cache rate of the audio cache region is 99.3%, and at this time, the audio cache rate is greater than the preset audio threshold, it can be determined that the audio cache region is full, and more network bandwidth is allocated to the video bandwidth, so that more network traffic can be obtained for the video data, and the caching of the video data is accelerated.
By monitoring the audio cache information (audio cache rate) in the audio cache region, the video bandwidth and the audio bandwidth can be dynamically adjusted, and under the condition that the audio cache rate of the audio data in the audio cache region is sufficient, more bandwidth resources can be allocated to the video data, so that the video cache efficiency is improved, and the waste of network bandwidth is reduced.
It should be noted that, at this time, the audio buffer and the video buffer are not yet the maximum values, and the buffered audio data and video data are not yet all data of the target audio and video, so that the sizes of the audio buffer and the video buffer need to be dynamically adjusted. So that the audio buffer area and the video buffer area can buffer the audio data and the video data of the target audio and video.
Step 110: and determining a target cache region adjusting strategy according to the playing cache information and the video cache information, and adjusting the audio cache region and the video cache region based on the target cache region adjusting strategy.
The target cache region adjustment strategy specifically refers to a cache region size adjustment strategy determined according to the current playing cache information and video cache information, and the adjustment strategy is used for adjusting the size of the audio cache region and the size of the video cache region. And adjusting the audio buffer area and the video buffer area according to the target buffer area adjusting strategy.
In the method provided by the application, the audio buffer area and the video buffer area are not mechanically increased according to time, but are dynamically and adaptively adjusted according to the current playing buffer information and the current video buffer information.
Specifically, the playing cache information includes cache playing duration, and the video cache information includes video cache rate;
determining a target cache region adjustment strategy according to the playing cache information and the video cache information, comprising:
determining a target cache region adjustment strategy as a maximum adjustment strategy under the condition that the playing cache information meets a preset playing condition;
determining a target cache region adjustment strategy as an increase adjustment strategy under the condition that the playing cache information does not meet a preset playing condition and the video cache rate is greater than or equal to a first preset video threshold value;
determining a target cache region adjustment strategy as a maintenance adjustment strategy under the condition that the playing cache information does not meet a preset playing condition, and the video cache rate is greater than a second preset video threshold and smaller than a first preset video threshold;
and under the condition that the playing cache information does not meet a preset playing condition and the video cache rate is less than or equal to the second preset video threshold value, determining the target cache region adjustment strategy as a reduction adjustment strategy.
In practical application, the playing cache information includes cache playing duration, playing cache rate and the like; the video cache information includes a video cache rate, and the cache play duration specifically refers to a play duration of a target audio and video supported to be played in the play cache region, for example, if a target audio and video of 8 minutes is cached in the play cache region, the cache play duration is 8 minutes. The playing cache rate represents the cache proportion of the audio and video in the playing cache region.
The video buffer rate is the same as the audio buffer rate described above, and is used to indicate the buffer occupancy of the video data in the video buffer area. The video buffering rate is calculated in the manner of the audio buffering rate in the above embodiments, which is not described herein again.
Furthermore, the cache region adjustment strategy is primarily judged according to the playing cache information, if the playing cache information meets the preset playing condition, the current network speed of the user is better, the network bandwidth does not need to be planned, and the video cache region and the audio cache region can be directly adjusted to the maximum.
Specifically, the preset playing condition may be confirmed from two dimensions, that is, the cache playing time length and the playing cache rate, and if the cache playing time length is greater than the preset playing time length and the playing cache rate is greater than the preset cache threshold, it may be determined that the playing cache information meets the preset playing condition, for example, if the preset playing time length is 30 seconds, the preset cache threshold is 50%, the playing cache information is the cache playing time length 2 minutes, and the playing cache rate is 60%, it indicates that the playing cache information at this time meets the preset playing condition, and it may be determined that the target cache region adjustment policy is the maximum adjustment policy.
In another specific embodiment provided in this specification, if the playing cache information does not satisfy the preset playing condition, that is, the cache playing time is less than or equal to the preset playing time or the playing cache rate is less than or equal to the preset cache threshold, it indicates that the network condition of the user is general at this time. And because the video code rate is higher than the audio code rate, the consumption of the video data is faster, and the current network condition of the terminal can be further judged according to the video cache rate in the video cache region.
Specifically, if the playing cache information does not satisfy the preset playing condition and the video cache rate is greater than or equal to the first preset video threshold, the network state at this time is good, and the sizes of the video cache region and the audio cache region can be further increased, so that more video data and more audio data are stored, that is, the target cache region adjustment strategy at this time is an increase adjustment strategy.
If the playing cache information does not meet the preset playing condition, and the video cache rate is greater than the second preset video threshold and smaller than the first preset video threshold, it indicates that the network state is poor at this time, and the video data in the video cache region is difficult to support the playing of the target audio and video, and it is necessary to reduce the network bandwidth occupied by the audio data as much as possible and allocate more network bandwidth resources for caching the video data, so that the target cache region adjustment policy at this time can be determined as the maintenance adjustment policy.
If the playing cache information does not meet the preset playing condition and the video cache rate is less than or equal to the second preset video threshold, it indicates that the user performs Seek operation on the target audio/video (a process of rapidly dragging the audio/video from the current position to a given position and playing the audio/video) or the network speed is suddenly reduced. At this time, the length of the audio buffer needs to be reduced to limit the competition between the audio data and the video data for the network speed, that is, the target buffer adjustment policy at this time is determined to be a reduction adjustment policy.
After the target cache region adjusting strategy is determined, the audio cache region and the video cache region corresponding to the target audio and video can be adjusted according to the target cache region adjusting strategy. The following four embodiments will further explain the adjustment of the audio buffer and the video buffer for each buffer adjustment strategy.
In a specific embodiment provided in the present application, in a case that the target cache region adjustment policy is a maximum adjustment policy, adjusting the audio cache region and the video cache region based on the target cache region adjustment policy includes:
determining the maximum value of an audio buffer area and the maximum value of a video buffer area based on the target audio and video;
and adjusting the audio buffer area to the maximum value of the audio buffer area, and adjusting the video buffer area to the maximum value of the video buffer area.
The maximum value of the audio buffer area specifically refers to the maximum buffer value required by the audio buffer area, and the maximum value of the video buffer area specifically refers to the maximum buffer value required by the video buffer area. Under the condition that the target cache region adjustment strategy is the maximum adjustment strategy, the current network speed of the user is better at the moment, and the video cache region and the audio cache region are directly adjusted to the corresponding maximum values.
It should be noted that, also because the audio code rate and the video code rate are different, the maximum value of the audio buffer area and the maximum value of the video buffer area can be determined based on the code rate and the video code rate, thereby avoiding unnecessary network bandwidth waste and ensuring that the audio data in the audio buffer area and the video data in the video buffer area can support the same playing time length. Specifically, determining the maximum value of an audio buffer area and the maximum value of a video buffer area based on the target audio and video comprises the following steps:
determining the total playing time length, the audio code rate and the video code rate of the target audio and video;
determining the maximum value of an audio buffer area according to the total playing time length and the audio code rate;
and determining the maximum value of a video cache region according to the total playing time and the video code rate.
The total playing duration of the target audio/video specifically refers to the maximum duration that the target audio/video can support playing, and then the maximum value of the audio buffer area and the maximum value of the video buffer area can be respectively calculated according to the audio code rate and the video code rate, specifically, the maximum value of the audio buffer area can be determined according to the product of the total playing duration and the audio code rate; and determining the maximum value of the video buffer area according to the product of the total playing time length and the video code rate. For example, if the total playing time is 500 seconds, the audio rate is 50K, and the video rate is 200K, the maximum value of the audio buffer is 25000K, and the maximum value of the video buffer is 100000K.
In a specific embodiment provided in the present application, in a case that the target cache region adjustment policy is an increase adjustment policy, adjusting the audio cache region and the video cache region based on the target cache region adjustment policy includes:
determining the increment information of an audio cache region and the increment information of a video cache region;
and increasing the audio cache region based on the audio cache region increment information, and increasing the video cache region based on the video cache region increment information.
When the target cache region adjustment strategy is an increase adjustment strategy, it indicates that the network state is good at this time, and the capacities of the video cache region and the audio cache region can be further increased, so as to store more video data and audio data, and specifically, the audio cache region increment information and the video cache region increment information can be determined, wherein the audio cache region increment information specifically refers to preset increase information of the audio cache region under the condition of increasing the adjustment strategy; the video buffer increment information specifically refers to preset increment information of the video buffer under the condition of adding an adjustment strategy. For example, it is determined that both the audio buffer increment information and the video buffer increment information are doubled. At the moment, the audio buffer area is 250K, the video buffer area is 1000K, the audio buffer area is adjusted to be 500K and the video buffer area is adjusted to be 2000K through doubling.
In a specific embodiment provided in the present application, in a case that the target cache region adjustment policy is a maintenance adjustment policy, adjusting the audio cache region and the video cache region based on the target cache region adjustment policy includes:
and keeping the audio buffer area and the video buffer area unchanged.
Under the condition that the target cache region adjustment strategy is the maintenance adjustment strategy, the network state is poor at this time, the video data in the video cache region is difficult to support the playing of the target audio and video, and the sizes of the audio cache region and the video cache region are kept unchanged at this time.
In a specific embodiment provided in the present application, in a case that the target cache region adjustment policy is a reduction adjustment policy, adjusting the audio cache region and the video cache region based on the target cache region adjustment policy includes:
determining decrement information of an audio cache region and decrement information of a video cache region;
and reducing the audio cache region based on the audio cache region reduction information, and reducing the video cache region based on the video cache region reduction information.
When the target cache region adjustment strategy is a reduction adjustment strategy, it indicates that a user performs Seek operation or suddenly reduces the network speed on a target audio/video, and at this time, the length of the audio cache region needs to be reduced to limit competition between the audio data and the video data for the network speed.
Specifically, the decrement information may be determined according to a preset coefficient according to the maximum value of the audio buffer area and the maximum value of the video buffer area, and the preset coefficient may be determined according to a decimal before 0 to 1, for example, the preset coefficient is 0.3, the maximum value of the audio buffer area is 25000K, and the maximum value of the video buffer area is 100000K, and then the decrement information of the audio buffer area may be determined to be 7500K, and the decrement information of the video buffer area may be 30000K.
The network bandwidth allocation method provided by the application determines an audio cache region and a video cache region, wherein the audio cache region is smaller than the video cache region; caching audio data of a target audio and video to the audio cache region, and caching video data of the target audio and video to the video cache region; acquiring audio cache information of the audio cache region, and acquiring playing cache information corresponding to the target audio and video cache information of the video cache region; distributing video bandwidth and audio bandwidth to the target audio and video according to the audio cache information; according to the method, the setting of a larger video cache region and a smaller audio cache region is realized, the audio cache information in the audio cache region is monitored, and the distribution of video bandwidth and audio bandwidth is dynamically adjusted through the audio cache information, so that more bandwidth is distributed to the video under the condition that the audio can be cached quickly, the caching efficiency of the video is improved, the bandwidth waste is reduced, the audio and video playing jam is reduced, and the use experience of a user is improved.
Secondly, the sizes of the audio cache region and the video cache region can be dynamically adjusted according to the playing cache information and the video cache information, and the audio cache information can be influenced by adjusting the sizes of the audio cache region and the video cache region, so that the video bandwidth and the audio bandwidth can be further dynamically adjusted, the bandwidth waste is reduced, the audio and video playing card pause is reduced, and the user experience is improved.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 shows a play-starting growth strategy diagram of an audio and video provided by an embodiment of the present application. And acquiring the cache state of the user terminal, wherein the upper-layer cache can be understood as playing the audio and video data in the cache region, if the upper-layer cache is sufficient, the current network speed of the user is better, the network bandwidth does not need to be planned, and the video cache region and the audio cache region can be directly adjusted to the maximum.
If the upper-layer cache is insufficient, whether the video data in the video cache region are sufficient is further judged, and if the video data in the video cache region are sufficient, the audio cache region and the video cache region are doubled.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 shows a schematic view of a reduction adjustment strategy for audio and video provided in an embodiment of the present application, and as shown in fig. 3, a cache state of a user terminal is obtained, when a user has a Seek operation or a scene of a sudden network speed drop, an upper layer cache is insufficient, and data in a video cache area is less, the audio cache area and the video cache area need to be reset to a smaller value. And the audio buffer rate of the audio buffer area is improved, so that the video bandwidth is improved.
The following describes the network bandwidth allocation method further with reference to fig. 4 by taking the application of the network bandwidth allocation method provided in the present application to the cache of a certain audio and video as an example. Fig. 4 shows a processing flow chart of a network bandwidth allocation method applied to a certain audio/video cache according to an embodiment of the present application, which specifically includes the following steps:
step 402: and receiving a cache instruction of the audio and video, and distributing a video cache region and an audio cache region for the audio and video, wherein the video cache region is larger than the audio cache region.
Step 404: video bandwidth and audio bandwidth are evenly distributed, video data are cached in a video cache region, and audio data are cached in an audio cache region.
Step 406: after the audio data in the audio buffer area is full, the audio bandwidth is reduced, the video bandwidth is improved, and the video data caching speed is increased.
Step 408: and when the video data in the video cache region is nearly full, doubling the audio cache region and doubling the video cache region.
Step 410: and averagely distributing the video bandwidth and the audio bandwidth, continuously caching the video data into a video cache region, and caching the audio data into an audio cache region.
Step 412: after the audio data in the audio buffer area is full, the audio bandwidth is reduced, the video bandwidth is improved, and the video data caching speed is increased.
Step 414: the network speed is suddenly reduced, and the audio data in the audio buffer area and the video data in the video buffer area are extremely small.
Step 416: the size of the audio buffer area is reduced by half, and the size of the video buffer area is reduced by half.
Step 418: and when the video data in the video cache region is full, doubling the audio cache region and doubling the video cache region.
Corresponding to the above method embodiment, the present application further provides an embodiment of a network bandwidth allocation apparatus, and fig. 5 shows a schematic structural diagram of a network bandwidth allocation apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 5, the apparatus includes:
a determining module 502 configured to determine an audio buffer and a video buffer, wherein the audio buffer is smaller than the video buffer;
the buffer module 504 is configured to buffer the audio data of the target audio and video to the audio buffer area, and buffer the video data of the target audio and video to the video buffer area;
an obtaining module 506, configured to obtain audio cache information of the audio cache region, and obtain play cache information corresponding to the target audio and video cache information of the video cache region;
an allocating module 508 configured to allocate a video bandwidth and an audio bandwidth to the target audio and video according to the audio buffering information;
an adjusting module 510 configured to determine a target cache region adjusting policy according to the playing cache information and the video cache information, and adjust the audio cache region and the video cache region based on the target cache region adjusting policy.
Optionally, the audio buffering information includes an audio buffering rate;
the assignment module 508, further configured to:
under the condition that the audio cache rate is smaller than or equal to a preset audio threshold value, adjusting the video bandwidth to be equal to the audio bandwidth, wherein the preset audio threshold value is determined according to the audio cache region;
and under the condition that the audio cache rate is greater than the preset audio threshold value, adjusting the video bandwidth to be greater than the audio bandwidth.
Optionally, the video caching information includes a video caching rate;
the adjustment module 510 is further configured to:
determining a target cache region adjustment strategy as a maximum adjustment strategy under the condition that the playing cache information meets a preset playing condition;
determining a target cache region adjustment strategy as an increase adjustment strategy under the condition that the playing cache information does not meet a preset playing condition and the video cache rate is greater than or equal to a first preset video threshold value;
determining a target cache region adjustment strategy as a maintenance adjustment strategy under the condition that the playing cache information does not meet a preset playing condition, and the video cache rate is greater than a second preset video threshold and smaller than a first preset video threshold;
and under the condition that the playing cache information does not meet a preset playing condition and the video cache rate is less than or equal to the second preset video threshold value, determining the target cache region adjustment strategy as a reduction adjustment strategy.
Optionally, in a case that the target cache region adjustment policy is the maximum adjustment policy, the adjusting module 510 is further configured to:
determining the maximum value of an audio buffer area and the maximum value of a video buffer area based on the target audio and video;
and adjusting the audio buffer area to the maximum value of the audio buffer area, and adjusting the video buffer area to the maximum value of the video buffer area.
Optionally, the adjusting module 510 is further configured to:
determining the total playing time length, the audio code rate and the video code rate of the target audio and video;
determining the maximum value of an audio buffer area according to the total playing time length and the audio code rate;
and determining the maximum value of a video cache region according to the total playing time and the video code rate.
Optionally, in a case that the target cache region adjustment policy is an increase adjustment policy, the adjusting module 510 is further configured to:
determining the increment information of an audio cache region and the increment information of a video cache region;
and increasing the audio cache region based on the audio cache region increment information, and increasing the video cache region based on the video cache region increment information.
Optionally, in a case that the target cache region adjustment policy is a maintenance adjustment policy, the adjusting module 510 is further configured to:
and keeping the audio buffer area and the video buffer area unchanged.
Optionally, in a case that the target cache region adjustment policy is a reduction adjustment policy, the adjusting module 510 is further configured to:
determining decrement information of an audio cache region and decrement information of a video cache region;
and reducing the audio cache region based on the audio cache region reduction information, and reducing the video cache region based on the video cache region reduction information.
Optionally, the determining module 502 is further configured to:
determining the initial playing time length, the audio code rate and the video code rate of the target audio and video;
determining an initial audio buffer area based on the initial playing time length and the audio code rate;
and determining an initial video cache region based on the initial playing time and the video code rate.
The network bandwidth allocation device provided by the application determines an audio buffer area and a video buffer area, wherein the audio buffer area is smaller than the video buffer area; caching audio data of a target audio and video to the audio cache region, and caching video data of the target audio and video to the video cache region; acquiring audio cache information of the audio cache region, and acquiring playing cache information corresponding to the target audio and video cache information of the video cache region; distributing video bandwidth and audio bandwidth to the target audio and video according to the audio cache information; according to the device, the purpose of setting a larger video cache region and a smaller audio cache region is achieved, the audio cache region and the video cache region are adjusted based on the purpose of adjusting the objective cache region adjustment strategy, the audio cache region and the video cache region are monitored, and the distribution of video bandwidth and audio bandwidth is dynamically adjusted through the audio cache information, so that more bandwidth is distributed to the video under the condition that the audio can be cached quickly, the caching efficiency of the video is improved, the bandwidth waste is reduced, the audio and video playing jam is reduced, and the user experience is improved.
Secondly, the sizes of the audio cache region and the video cache region can be dynamically adjusted according to the playing cache information and the video cache information, and the audio cache information can be influenced by adjusting the sizes of the audio cache region and the video cache region, so that the video bandwidth and the audio bandwidth can be further dynamically adjusted, the bandwidth waste is reduced, the audio and video playing card pause is reduced, and the user experience is improved.
The foregoing is an illustrative scheme of a network bandwidth allocation apparatus according to this embodiment. It should be noted that the technical solution of the network bandwidth allocation apparatus and the technical solution of the network bandwidth allocation method belong to the same concept, and details of the technical solution of the network bandwidth allocation apparatus, which are not described in detail, can be referred to the description of the technical solution of the network bandwidth allocation method.
Fig. 6 illustrates a block diagram of a computing device 600 provided according to an embodiment of the present application. The components of the computing device 600 include, but are not limited to, a memory 610 and a processor 620. The processor 620 is coupled to the memory 610 via a bus 630 and a database 650 is used to store data.
Computing device 600 also includes access device 640, access device 640 enabling computing device 600 to communicate via one or more networks 660. Examples of such networks include the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN), a Local Area Network (LAN), a Wide Area Network (WAN), a Personal Area Network (PAN), or a combination of communication networks such as the internet. Access device 640 may include one or more of any type of network interface (e.g., a Network Interface Card (NIC)) whether wired or wireless, such as an IEEE802.11 Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) wireless interface, a worldwide interoperability for microwave access (Wi-MAX) interface, an ethernet interface, a Universal Serial Bus (USB) interface, a cellular network interface, a bluetooth interface, a Near Field Communication (NFC) interface, and so forth.
In one embodiment of the present application, the above-described components of computing device 600, as well as other components not shown in FIG. 6, may also be connected to each other, such as by a bus. It should be understood that the block diagram of the computing device architecture shown in FIG. 6 is for purposes of example only and is not limiting as to the scope of the present application. Those skilled in the art may add or replace other components as desired.
Computing device 600 may be any type of stationary or mobile computing device, including a mobile computer or mobile computing device (e.g., tablet, personal digital assistant, laptop, notebook, netbook, etc.), mobile phone (e.g., smartphone), wearable computing device (e.g., smartwatch, smartglasses, etc.), or other type of mobile device, or a stationary computing device such as a desktop computer or PC. Computing device 600 may also be a mobile or stationary server.
Wherein, the processor 620 implements the steps of the network bandwidth allocation method when executing the computer instructions.
The above is an illustrative scheme of a computing device of the present embodiment. It should be noted that the technical solution of the computing device and the technical solution of the network bandwidth allocation method belong to the same concept, and details that are not described in detail in the technical solution of the computing device can be referred to the description of the technical solution of the network bandwidth allocation method.
An embodiment of the present application also provides a computer readable storage medium, which stores computer instructions, and the computer instructions, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the network bandwidth allocation method as described above.
The above is an illustrative scheme of a computer-readable storage medium of the present embodiment. It should be noted that the technical solution of the storage medium belongs to the same concept as the technical solution of the above network bandwidth allocation method, and details that are not described in detail in the technical solution of the storage medium can be referred to the description of the technical solution of the above network bandwidth allocation method.
The foregoing description of specific embodiments of the present application has been presented. Other embodiments are within the scope of the following claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recited in the claims may be performed in a different order than in the embodiments and still achieve desirable results. In addition, the processes depicted in the accompanying figures do not necessarily require the particular order shown, or sequential order, to achieve desirable results. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing may also be possible or may be advantageous.
The computer instructions comprise computer program code which may be in the form of source code, object code, an executable file or some intermediate form, or the like. The computer-readable medium may include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, recording medium, usb disk, removable hard disk, magnetic disk, optical disk, computer Memory, Read-Only Memory (ROM), Random Access Memory (RAM), electrical carrier wave signals, telecommunications signals, software distribution medium, and the like. It should be noted that the computer readable medium may contain content that is subject to appropriate increase or decrease as required by legislation and patent practice in jurisdictions, for example, in some jurisdictions, computer readable media does not include electrical carrier signals and telecommunications signals as is required by legislation and patent practice.
It should be noted that for simplicity and convenience of description, the above-described method embodiments are described as a series of combinations of acts, but those skilled in the art will appreciate that the present application is not limited by the order of acts, as some steps may, in accordance with the present application, occur in other orders and/or concurrently. Further, those skilled in the art should also appreciate that the embodiments described in the specification are preferred embodiments and that the acts and modules referred to are not necessarily required in this application.
In the above embodiments, the descriptions of the respective embodiments have respective emphasis, and for parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference may be made to related descriptions of other embodiments.
The preferred embodiments of the present application disclosed above are intended only to aid in the explanation of the application. Alternative embodiments are not exhaustive and do not limit the invention to the precise embodiments described. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the application and its practical applications, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best understand and utilize the application. The application is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.
Claims (12)
1. A method for allocating network bandwidth, comprising:
determining an audio buffer area and a video buffer area, wherein the audio buffer area is smaller than the video buffer area;
caching audio data of a target audio and video to the audio cache region, and caching video data of the target audio and video to the video cache region;
acquiring audio cache information of the audio cache region, and acquiring playing cache information corresponding to the target audio and video cache information of the video cache region;
distributing video bandwidth and audio bandwidth to the target audio and video according to the audio cache information;
and determining a target cache region adjusting strategy according to the playing cache information and the video cache information, and adjusting the audio cache region and the video cache region based on the target cache region adjusting strategy.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the audio buffering information comprises an audio buffering rate;
distributing video bandwidth and audio bandwidth for the target audio and video according to the audio cache information, and the method comprises the following steps:
under the condition that the audio cache rate is smaller than or equal to a preset audio threshold value, adjusting the video bandwidth to be equal to the audio bandwidth, wherein the preset audio threshold value is determined according to the audio cache region;
and under the condition that the audio cache rate is greater than the preset audio threshold value, adjusting the video bandwidth to be greater than the audio bandwidth.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the video buffering information comprises a video buffering rate;
determining a target cache region adjustment strategy according to the playing cache information and the video cache information, comprising:
determining a target cache region adjustment strategy as a maximum adjustment strategy under the condition that the playing cache information meets a preset playing condition;
determining a target cache region adjustment strategy as an increase adjustment strategy under the condition that the playing cache information does not meet a preset playing condition and the video cache rate is greater than or equal to a first preset video threshold value;
determining a target cache region adjustment strategy as a maintenance adjustment strategy under the condition that the playing cache information does not meet a preset playing condition, and the video cache rate is greater than a second preset video threshold and smaller than a first preset video threshold;
and under the condition that the playing cache information does not meet a preset playing condition and the video cache rate is less than or equal to the second preset video threshold value, determining the target cache region adjustment strategy as a reduction adjustment strategy.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein adjusting the audio buffer and the video buffer based on the target buffer adjustment policy if the target buffer adjustment policy is a maximum adjustment policy comprises:
determining the maximum value of an audio buffer area and the maximum value of a video buffer area based on the target audio and video;
and adjusting the audio buffer area to the maximum value of the audio buffer area, and adjusting the video buffer area to the maximum value of the video buffer area.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein determining an audio buffer maximum and a video buffer maximum based on the target audio video comprises:
determining the total playing time length, the audio code rate and the video code rate of the target audio and video;
determining the maximum value of an audio buffer area according to the total playing time length and the audio code rate;
and determining the maximum value of a video cache region according to the total playing time and the video code rate.
6. The method of claim 3, wherein in the case that the target cache region adjustment policy is an increase adjustment policy, adjusting the audio cache region and the video cache region based on the target cache region adjustment policy comprises:
determining the increment information of an audio cache region and the increment information of a video cache region;
and increasing the audio cache region based on the audio cache region increment information, and increasing the video cache region based on the video cache region increment information.
7. The method of claim 3, wherein adjusting the audio buffer and the video buffer based on the target buffer adjustment policy if the target buffer adjustment policy is a maintenance adjustment policy comprises:
and keeping the audio buffer area and the video buffer area unchanged.
8. The method of claim 3, wherein in the case that the target cache region adjustment policy is a reduction adjustment policy, adjusting the audio cache region and the video cache region based on the target cache region adjustment policy comprises:
determining decrement information of an audio cache region and decrement information of a video cache region;
and reducing the audio cache region based on the audio cache region reduction information, and reducing the video cache region based on the video cache region reduction information.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein determining an audio buffer and a video buffer comprises:
determining the initial playing time length, the audio code rate and the video code rate of the target audio and video;
determining an initial audio buffer area based on the initial playing time length and the audio code rate;
and determining an initial video cache region based on the initial playing time and the video code rate.
10. A network bandwidth allocation apparatus, comprising:
a determining module configured to determine an audio buffer and a video buffer, wherein the audio buffer is smaller than the video buffer;
the cache module is configured to cache the audio data of the target audio and video to the audio cache region and cache the video data of the target audio and video to the video cache region;
the acquisition module is configured to acquire audio cache information of the audio cache region, and acquire playing cache information corresponding to the target audio and video cache information of the video cache region;
the distribution module is configured to distribute video bandwidth and audio bandwidth for the target audio and video according to the audio cache information;
and the adjusting module is configured to determine a target cache region adjusting strategy according to the playing cache information and the video cache information, and adjust the audio cache region and the video cache region based on the target cache region adjusting strategy.
11. A computing device comprising a memory, a processor, and computer instructions stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the steps of the method of any one of claims 1-9 when executing the computer instructions.
12. A computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions, which when executed by a processor, perform the steps of the method of any one of claims 1 to 9.
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