CN114855106A - Device and method for local heat treatment after repair of large and complex aviation titanium alloy structural parts - Google Patents
Device and method for local heat treatment after repair of large and complex aviation titanium alloy structural parts Download PDFInfo
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 148
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
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- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
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- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 10
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 10
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及航空钛合金大型复杂结构件修复后局部热处理技术领域,特别涉及航空钛合金大型复杂结构件修复后局部热处理装置及方法。The invention relates to the technical field of local heat treatment after repair of a large complex structure of aviation titanium alloy, in particular to a device and method of local heat treatment after repair of a large complex structure of aviation titanium alloy.
背景技术Background technique
机匣、整体叶盘等航空钛合金大型复杂结构件工作环境为高温高压环境,在服役过程中不可避免的出现裂纹、腐蚀、磨损等损伤失效情况。采用激光增材修复、电子束焊接等高能束修复工艺来实现损伤件的快速修复,这对于延长损伤件的寿命具有重大的经济效益。高能束修复工艺具有快速熔凝特征,使得修复后零件的组织为亚稳态的组织,并且修复结构件不可避免地存在较大的残余应力,直接影响修复件的力学性能。The working environment of large and complex aviation titanium alloy structural parts such as casing and integral blisk is a high temperature and high pressure environment. During the service process, damage and failure such as cracks, corrosion and wear are inevitable. The use of high-energy beam repair processes such as laser additive repair and electron beam welding to achieve rapid repair of damaged parts has significant economic benefits for extending the life of damaged parts. The high-energy beam repair process has the characteristics of rapid melting, which makes the structure of the repaired parts metastable, and the repaired structural parts inevitably have large residual stress, which directly affects the mechanical properties of the repaired parts.
热处理是实现航空钛合金大型复杂结构件修复区残余应力消除和组织调控,进而提高修复件力学性能的主要工艺手段和必备工序。航空钛合金大型复杂结构件属于大型薄壁类零件,整体热处理需要尺寸较大的真空炉设备和结构复杂的热处理夹具,且工件整体热处理时的应力释放易引起新的变形超差。Heat treatment is the main technological means and necessary procedure for realizing residual stress elimination and microstructure regulation in the repair area of large and complex structural parts of aviation titanium alloys, thereby improving the mechanical properties of the repair parts. Aviation titanium alloy large and complex structural parts belong to large thin-walled parts. The overall heat treatment requires large-scale vacuum furnace equipment and complex heat treatment fixtures, and the stress release during the overall heat treatment of the workpiece is likely to cause new deformation out of tolerance.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
有鉴于此,本发明提供了航空钛合金大型复杂结构件修复后局部热处理装置,能够有效对航空钛合金大型复杂结构件的修复部位进行局部热处理,不仅可大大缩小了热处理装置的尺寸,而且还能防止修复工件受热变形引起超差。In view of this, the present invention provides a local heat treatment device after repair of a large complex structure of aviation titanium alloy, which can effectively perform local heat treatment on the repaired part of a large complex structure of aviation titanium alloy, which can not only greatly reduce the size of the heat treatment device, but also It can prevent the repaired workpiece from being out of tolerance due to thermal deformation.
为实现上述目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
一种航空钛合金大型复杂结构件局部热处理装置,包括:A local heat treatment device for a large and complex structure of aviation titanium alloy, comprising:
用于贴合加热航空钛合金大型复杂结构件的修复部位的加热器;A heater for fitting and heating the repaired parts of large and complex structural parts of aerospace titanium alloys;
用于检测所述航空钛合金大型复杂结构件修复部位的温度的温度传感器;A temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the repaired part of the aviation titanium alloy large-scale complex structure;
分别与所述加热器和所述温度传感器通讯连接的温控仪。a temperature controller connected in communication with the heater and the temperature sensor, respectively.
优选地,所述加热器为柔性加热器。Preferably, the heater is a flexible heater.
优选地,所述柔性加热器包括履带式陶瓷加热器或硅橡胶柔性加热器。Preferably, the flexible heater includes a crawler-type ceramic heater or a silicone rubber flexible heater.
优选地,所述温度传感器包括:Preferably, the temperature sensor includes:
安装于所述航空钛合金大型复杂结构件修复部位的表面的热电偶;A thermocouple installed on the surface of the repaired part of the aviation titanium alloy large-scale complex structure;
所述加热器贴合安装于所述航空钛合金大型复杂结构件修复部位的表面,且包裹所述热电偶。The heater is fitted and installed on the surface of the repair part of the aviation titanium alloy large-scale complex structure, and wraps the thermocouple.
优选地,所述热电偶的数量为两个,且分别为测温热电偶和控温热电偶;Preferably, the number of the thermocouples is two, and they are temperature measurement thermocouples and temperature control thermocouples respectively;
所述测温热电偶和所述控温热电偶安装于所述航空钛合金大型复杂结构件修复部位不同的表面,且与所述温控仪的两个不同接口一一对应通讯连接,以使得所述控温热电偶的检测值大于所述测温热电偶的检测值。The temperature-measuring thermocouple and the temperature-controlling thermocouple are installed on different surfaces of the repaired parts of the aviation titanium alloy large-scale complex structural parts, and are connected with the two different interfaces of the temperature controller in a one-to-one correspondence, so that the The detection value of the temperature-controlling thermocouple is greater than the detection value of the temperature-measuring thermocouple.
优选地,还包括:Preferably, it also includes:
用于包裹所述航空钛合金大型复杂结构件的修复部位,且位于所述加热器的外侧的保温层。The thermal insulation layer is used to wrap the repair part of the aviation titanium alloy large and complex structure and is located on the outer side of the heater.
优选地,所述保温层包括石棉保温层。Preferably, the thermal insulation layer includes an asbestos thermal insulation layer.
优选地,还包括:Preferably, it also includes:
用于放置所述航空钛合金大型复杂结构件,且所述加热器和所述温度传感器均位于其内的氩气保护箱。An argon gas protective box for placing the large and complex structure of the aviation titanium alloy, and in which the heater and the temperature sensor are located.
一种航空钛合金大型复杂结构件修复后局部热处理方法,采用如上所述的航空钛合金大型复杂结构件修复后局部热处理装置进行局部热处理,该方法包括如下步骤:A method for local heat treatment after repair of a large-scale complex structure of aviation titanium alloy, which adopts the above-mentioned local heat treatment device after repair of a large-scale complex structure of aviation titanium alloy to perform local heat treatment, and the method includes the following steps:
S1、根据确定的航空钛合金大型复杂结构件热处理制度,通过温控仪设置局部热处理各阶段的温升时间、保温温度、保温时间和冷却时间;S1. According to the determined heat treatment system of large-scale complex structural parts of aviation titanium alloy, the temperature rise time, heat preservation temperature, heat preservation time and cooling time of each stage of local heat treatment are set by the temperature controller;
S2、根据步骤S1设置的局部热处理各阶段的温升时间、保温温度和保温时间,通过温控仪控制加热器的运行。S2. Control the operation of the heater through a temperature controller according to the temperature rise time, holding temperature and holding time of each stage of the local heat treatment set in step S1.
优选地,在步骤S1中,所述航空钛合金大型复杂结构件热处理制度包括:Preferably, in step S1, the heat treatment system for the aviation titanium alloy large-scale complex structure includes:
按预设升温速度分多个阶段均匀升温至600℃,保温4h;其中,在每个阶段升温至对应的预设温度时均保温5min。The temperature was evenly heated to 600° C. in multiple stages according to the preset heating rate, and the temperature was maintained for 4 h; wherein, the temperature was maintained for 5 min when the temperature was raised to the corresponding preset temperature in each stage.
从上述的技术方案可以看出,本发明提供的航空钛合金大型复杂结构件修复后局部热处理装置,能够有效对航空钛合金大型复杂结构件的修复部位进行局部热处理,不仅可大大缩小了热处理装置的尺寸,而且还能防止修复工件受热变形引起超差。It can be seen from the above technical solutions that the local heat treatment device provided by the present invention can effectively perform local heat treatment on the repaired parts of the large and complex aviation titanium alloy structural parts, which can not only greatly reduce the size of the heat treatment device The size of the repaired workpiece can also be prevented from being out of tolerance due to thermal deformation of the repaired workpiece.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to explain the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
图1为本发明实施例提供的某航空钛合金大型复杂结构件修复后局部热处理装置的结构示意图;1 is a schematic structural diagram of a local heat treatment device after repair of a certain aviation titanium alloy large-scale complex structural component provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图2为本发明实施例提供的某航空钛合金大型复杂结构件修复后热处理区域加热装置的安装示意图;2 is a schematic diagram of the installation of a heating device in a heat treatment area after repair of a large-scale complex structure of an aviation titanium alloy provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图3为本发明实施例提供的柔性加热器和石棉保温层的安装示意图。FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the installation of a flexible heater and an asbestos thermal insulation layer provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
其中,1为氩气保护箱;2为热电偶;3为柔性加热器;4为航空钛合金大型复杂结构件;5为温控仪;6为修复区;7为石棉保温层。Among them, 1 is an argon protective box; 2 is a thermocouple; 3 is a flexible heater; 4 is a large complex structure of aviation titanium alloy; 5 is a temperature controller; 6 is a repair area; 7 is an asbestos insulation layer.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
本发明实施例提供的航空钛合金大型复杂结构件修复后局部热处理装置,如图1所示,包括:The local heat treatment device after repair of a large complex structure of aviation titanium alloy provided by the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1 , includes:
用于贴合加热航空钛合金大型复杂结构件4的修复部位的加热器;A heater used to fit and heat the repaired part of the large
用于检测航空钛合金大型复杂结构件4修复部位的温度的温度传感器;A temperature sensor used to detect the temperature of the repaired part of the large and complex structure of
分别与加热器和温度传感器通讯连接的温控仪5。The temperature controller 5 is respectively connected to the heater and the temperature sensor in communication.
需要说明的是,加热器的加热温度可通过温度传感器实现反馈;当然,温控仪5会根据温度传感器的检测值控制加热器的运行。比如说,当航空钛合金大型复杂结构件4在某个阶段被加热至对应的预设温度时,温控仪5会根据温度传感器的反馈控制加热器进入保温状态。也就是说,本方案的温控仪5根据温度传感器的检测反馈,实现对加热器加热温度的精准调控。此外,本方案提供的局部热处理装置,适用于发动机机匣、整体叶盘等航空钛合金大型复杂结构零部件,也可适用于航天器钛合金壳体和燃料贮箱等。另外,图1中的航空钛合金大型复杂结构件4即为发动机机匣。It should be noted that the heating temperature of the heater can be fed back through the temperature sensor; of course, the temperature controller 5 will control the operation of the heater according to the detection value of the temperature sensor. For example, when the aviation titanium alloy large-scale
从上述的技术方案可以看出,本发明实施例提供的航空钛合金大型复杂结构件修复后局部热处理装置,能够有效对航空钛合金大型复杂结构件的修复部位进行局部热处理,不仅可大大缩小了热处理装置的尺寸,避免设计制造复杂结构的热处理夹具,而且还能防止修复工件受热变形引起超差。It can be seen from the above technical solutions that the local heat treatment device for the repaired large-scale complex structure of aviation titanium alloy provided by the embodiment of the present invention can effectively perform local heat treatment on the repaired part of the large-scale complex structure of aviation titanium alloy, which can not only greatly reduce the size of the The size of the heat treatment device can avoid the design and manufacture of heat treatment fixtures with complex structures, and can also prevent the repaired workpiece from being out of tolerance due to thermal deformation.
在本方案中,如图2所示,加热器为柔性加热器3。也就是说,本方案的加热器采用柔性加热器3,以便于根据修复工件修复部位的结构特征进行贴合柔性加热,从而可有助于提升修复工件的局部热处理效果,使得修复工件修复部位的热影响区小、变形小。In this solution, as shown in FIG. 2 , the heater is a
具体地,柔性加热器3包括履带式陶瓷加热器或硅橡胶柔性加热器。其中,本方案的柔性加热器3采用履带式陶瓷加热器,其可根据修复工件修复部位的结构特征进行拼接、弯曲或缠绕贴合加热,对修复工件的修复部位实现适配性接触式加热,从而可为修复工件修复区复杂结构提供了简捷、有效的加热方式。Specifically, the
进一步地,如图2所示,温度传感器包括:Further, as shown in Figure 2, the temperature sensor includes:
安装于航空钛合金大型复杂结构件4修复部位的表面的热电偶2;The
加热器贴合安装于航空钛合金大型复杂结构件4修复部位的表面,且包裹热电偶2。也就是说,如图2所示,加热器贴合包裹航空钛合金大型复杂结构件4修复部位的表面,热电偶2安装于加热器的内部。本方案如此设计,以使得热电偶2的温度检测更为精准,从而有助于提升本装置局部热处理的准确性。The heater is fitted and installed on the surface of the repaired part of the large
再进一步地,如图2所示,热电偶2的数量为两个,且分别为测温热电偶和控温热电偶;当然,加热器包裹测温热电偶和控温热电偶;Further, as shown in Figure 2, the number of
测温热电偶和控温热电偶安装于航空钛合金大型复杂结构件4修复部位不同的表面,且与温控仪5的两个不同接口一一对应通讯连接,以使得控温热电偶的检测值大于测温热电偶的检测值,即为确保同一修复部位处的控温热电偶的温度值不低于测温热电偶的温度值,从而保证加热温度的精准调控。The temperature-measuring thermocouple and the temperature-controlling thermocouple are installed on the different surfaces of the repaired parts of the aviation titanium alloy large-
进一步地,该温控仪5设有6个接口,且分别为1、2、3、4、5、6号接口;其中,1、2、3号接口用于分别与控温热电偶通讯连接,4、5、6号接口用于分别与测温热电偶通讯连接,并且该温控仪5可显示与其相连的每一个热电偶2的数值,使得修复工件热处理位置的两个热电偶2的温度值可见。此外,在热处理前,通过预热热处理部位检测控温热电偶和测温热电偶的温度:Further, the temperature controller 5 is provided with 6 interfaces, which are respectively No. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and No. 6 interfaces; wherein, No. 1, 2, and No. 3 interfaces are used to communicate with the temperature-controlling thermocouple respectively. , No. 4, 5, and No. 6 interfaces are used to communicate with temperature measuring thermocouples respectively, and the temperature controller 5 can display the value of each
以第一控温热电偶(其与1号接口通讯连接)和第一测温热电偶(其与4号接口通讯连接)为例进行说明,如果第一控温热电偶的温度大于第一测温热电偶的温度,则可保证加热区域的温度达到热处理设定的温度;如果第一控温热电偶的温度小于第一测温热电偶的温度,则将1号接口和4号接口的电源线相换接,这样使得第一控温热电偶的温度大于第一测温热电偶的温度。也就是说,如果不保证控温热电偶的温度大于测温热电偶的温度,热处理区域的温度可能无法达到设定值。Taking the first temperature-controlling thermocouple (which communicates with the No. 1 interface) and the first temperature-measuring thermocouple (which is communicatively connected with the No. 4 interface) as an example, if the temperature of the first temperature-controlling thermocouple is greater than that of the first measuring The temperature of the thermocouple can ensure that the temperature of the heating area reaches the temperature set by the heat treatment; if the temperature of the first temperature-controlling thermocouple is lower than the temperature of the first temperature-measuring thermocouple, connect the power supply of the No. The lines are switched so that the temperature of the first temperature-controlling thermocouple is greater than the temperature of the first temperature-measuring thermocouple. That is to say, if the temperature of the temperature-controlling thermocouple is not guaranteed to be greater than that of the temperature-measuring thermocouple, the temperature of the heat treatment area may not reach the set value.
也就是说,本方案基于多点热电偶优化布置与实时测温,自动化调控加热器的加热功率,保证局部加热温度可达性,确保达到所需的热处理制度的可靠性,可实现多类型损伤修复结构的适应性局部热处理。That is to say, this scheme is based on the optimal arrangement of multi-point thermocouples and real-time temperature measurement, automatically adjusts the heating power of the heater, ensures the accessibility of local heating temperature, ensures the reliability of the required heat treatment system, and can achieve multiple types of damage. Adaptive local heat treatment of repaired structures.
在本方案中,为了提升修复工件在局部热处理中的保温效果;相应地,本发明实施例提供的航空钛合金大型复杂结构件修复后局部热处理装置还包括:In this solution, in order to improve the heat preservation effect of the repaired workpiece in the local heat treatment; accordingly, the local heat treatment device after repairing the large and complex structure of aviation titanium alloy provided by the embodiment of the present invention further includes:
用于包裹航空钛合金大型复杂结构件4的修复部位,且位于加热器的外侧的保温层。也就是说,如图2和图3所示,加热器首先将热电偶包裹固定于航空钛合金大型复杂结构件的热处理区域(修复部位,即航空钛合金大型复杂结构件的修复区6),保温层再将加热器外层进行包裹固定。如此一来,以便于获得较好的保温效果和控温效果。It is used to wrap the repair part of the aviation titanium alloy large and
具体地,如图3所示,保温层包括石棉保温层7。其中,石棉保温层7具有保温效果好、安装便捷和使用寿命长等特点。Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3 , the thermal insulation layer includes an asbestos
为了进一步优化上述技术方案,如图1所示,本发明实施例提供的航空钛合金大型复杂结构件局部热处理装置还包括:In order to further optimize the above technical solution, as shown in FIG. 1 , the local heat treatment device for a large-scale complex structure of aviation titanium alloy provided by the embodiment of the present invention also includes:
用于放置航空钛合金大型复杂结构件4,且加热器和温度传感器均位于其内的氩气保护箱1。也就是说,本方案通过提供氩气保护箱1,以便于为修复工件的局部热处理提供一个低水氧且有氩气保护的热处理环境;其中,箱内水氧含量经净化后可低于50PPM,从而有效防止修复工件在局部热处理时发生高温氧化。Argon gas
本发明实施例还提供一种航空钛合金大型复杂结构件修复后局部热处理方法,采用如上所述的航空钛合金大型复杂结构件修复后局部热处理装置进行局部热处理,该方法包括如下步骤:The embodiment of the present invention also provides a method for local heat treatment after repair of a large-scale complex structure of aviation titanium alloy, using the above-mentioned local heat treatment device after repair of a large-scale complex structure of aviation titanium alloy to perform local heat treatment, and the method includes the following steps:
S1、根据确定的航空钛合金大型复杂结构件修复后热处理制度,通过温控仪设置局部热处理各阶段的温升时间、保温温度、保温时间和冷却时间;S1. According to the determined post-repair heat treatment system for aviation titanium alloy large and complex structural parts, the temperature rise time, heat preservation temperature, heat preservation time and cooling time of each stage of local heat treatment are set by the temperature controller;
S2、根据步骤S1设置的局部热处理各阶段的温升时间、保温温度和保温时间,通过温控仪控制加热器的运行。S2. Control the operation of the heater through a temperature controller according to the temperature rise time, holding temperature and holding time of each stage of the local heat treatment set in step S1.
需要说明的是,上述每个阶段不同过程的时间可通过温控仪设定好,从而可实现对每个阶段不同过程的时间的精准调控。此外,本方案的加热器(柔性加热器)采用频率为20~80kHz的高频进行加热,确保修复工件的局部热处理效果;另外,通过温控仪调节加热器的电流,控制其输出功率。与此同时,由于本方案采用了上述的航空钛合金大型复杂结构件修复后局部热处理装置进行局部热处理,因此其也就具有相应的有益效果,具体可以参照前面说明,在此不再赘述。It should be noted that, the time of the different processes in each stage can be set by a temperature controller, so that precise control of the time of the different processes in each stage can be realized. In addition, the heater (flexible heater) of this scheme is heated with a high frequency of 20-80 kHz to ensure the local heat treatment effect of the repaired workpiece; in addition, the current of the heater is adjusted by a temperature controller to control its output power. At the same time, since this solution adopts the above-mentioned local heat treatment device for local heat treatment after repairing a large complex structure of aviation titanium alloy, it also has corresponding beneficial effects.
在本方案中,为了使得修复工件获得较好的局部热处理效果;相应地,在步骤S1中,所述航空钛合金大型复杂结构件修复后热处理制度包括:In this solution, in order to obtain a better local heat treatment effect for the repaired workpiece; accordingly, in step S1, the post-repair heat treatment system for the large-scale complex structure of aviation titanium alloy includes:
按预设升温速度分多个阶段均匀升温至600℃,保温4h;其中,在每个阶段升温至对应的预设温度时均保温5min。进一步地,预设升温速度可为100℃/10min。The temperature was evenly heated to 600° C. in multiple stages according to the preset heating rate, and the temperature was maintained for 4 h; wherein, the temperature was maintained for 5 min when the temperature was raised to the corresponding preset temperature in each stage. Further, the preset heating rate may be 100°C/10min.
下面结合具体实施例对本方案作进一步介绍:Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, this scheme is further introduced:
本发明采用柔性加热局部热处理可有效解决背景技术中的难题,而且柔性加热仅对修复部位进行加热,加热速度、温度和范围均可控。柔性加热器的适应性和热处理制度调控的准确性直接决定应力释放和组织调控的效果。因此,如何根据航空钛合金大型复杂结构件修复部位的结构特征进行柔性加热器设计和热处理制度调控的精准控制是柔性局部热处理的关键。The present invention adopts flexible heating for local heat treatment, which can effectively solve the problems in the background technology, and the flexible heating only heats the repaired part, and the heating speed, temperature and range are controllable. The adaptability of the flexible heater and the accuracy of the regulation of the heat treatment regime directly determine the effects of stress release and tissue regulation. Therefore, how to accurately control the design of flexible heaters and the regulation of heat treatment regimes according to the structural characteristics of the repaired parts of large and complex aviation titanium alloy structural parts is the key to flexible local heat treatment.
本发明的目的是提供了一种航空钛合金大型复杂结构件修复后局部热处理方法,在防止局部热处理时的高温氧化以及修复工件受热变形超差的前提下,能够精准的对航空钛合金大型复杂结构件修复部位进行局部热处理,实现消减残余应力并改善组织与力学性能。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a local heat treatment method after repairing a large and complex structure of aviation titanium alloy, which can accurately treat large and complex aviation titanium alloy under the premise of preventing high-temperature oxidation during local heat treatment and repairing the workpiece's thermal deformation out of tolerance. Local heat treatment is performed on the repaired parts of the structural parts to reduce residual stress and improve microstructure and mechanical properties.
一种航空钛合金大型复杂结构件修复后局部热处理方法,该方法其组成包括:氩气保护箱和智能温控仪,其特征是:所述的氩气保护箱保护箱内部放置柔性加热局部热处理结构,所述的柔性加热局部热处理结构包括石棉保温层,所述的石棉保温层内部安装履带式陶瓷加热器,所述的安装履带式陶瓷加热器内部安装柔性热电偶,所述的热电偶通过传输线与惰性气体保护箱外的智能温控仪相连,所述的履带式陶瓷加热器将柔性热电偶包裹固定于航空钛合金大型复杂结构件热处理区域,所述的石棉保温层将所述的履带式陶瓷加热器外层进行包裹固定,所述的氩气保护箱自带净化系统,且侧面安装氩气进气管。A method for local heat treatment after repair of a large-scale complex structure of aviation titanium alloy, the method comprises: an argon gas protective box and an intelligent temperature controller, and is characterized in that: the argon gas protective box is placed inside the protective box with flexible heating for local heat treatment Structure, the flexible heating local heat treatment structure includes an asbestos insulation layer, a crawler-type ceramic heater is installed inside the asbestos insulation layer, and a flexible thermocouple is installed inside the installed crawler-type ceramic heater, and the thermocouple passes through The transmission line is connected to the intelligent temperature controller outside the inert gas protection box. The crawler-type ceramic heater wraps and fixes the flexible thermocouple in the heat treatment area of a large complex structure of aviation titanium alloy. The outer layer of the ceramic heater is wrapped and fixed, the argon gas protective box has its own purification system, and an argon gas inlet pipe is installed on the side.
所述的航空钛合金大型复杂结构件修复后局部热处理方法,包括如下步骤:The method for local heat treatment after repairing a large-scale complex structure of aviation titanium alloy includes the following steps:
1、柔性加热器设计。本发明所采用的柔性加热器为履带式陶瓷加热器,针对航空钛合金大型复杂结构件修复部位的结构特点,结合长条形修复区及其环形修复区结构特点,设计匹配的柔性加热器;对于长条形修复区(如图2所示),柔性加热器的长度应比整条修复区的长度大0.5~1cm,柔性加热器的整体宽度应比修复区的宽度大3~5cm,从而保证修复区的加热面积;对于环形修复区,柔性加热器的整体长度应与环形修复区的周长相等,柔性加热器的宽度柔性加热器的整体宽度同样比修复区的宽度大3~5cm,此设计方案在保证柔性加热器适应性的前提下,实现加热面积的精准控制;1. Flexible heater design. The flexible heater used in the present invention is a crawler-type ceramic heater, and a matching flexible heater is designed according to the structural characteristics of the repair part of the large-scale complex structural parts of aviation titanium alloy, combined with the structural characteristics of the elongated repair area and its annular repair area; For a long repair area (as shown in Figure 2), the length of the flexible heater should be 0.5-1 cm larger than the length of the entire repair area, and the overall width of the flexible heater should be 3-5 cm larger than the width of the repair area, so that Ensure the heating area of the repair area; for the annular repair area, the overall length of the flexible heater should be equal to the perimeter of the annular repair area, and the width of the flexible heater The overall width of the flexible heater is also 3-5 cm larger than the width of the repair area. This design scheme achieves precise control of the heating area on the premise of ensuring the adaptability of the flexible heater;
2、航空钛合金大型复杂结构件放置于氩气保护箱内;2. The large and complex structural parts of aviation titanium alloy are placed in the argon protective box;
3、热处理制度确定。航空钛合金大型复杂结构件的材料为钛合金,其修复方式通常采用电子束焊接、激光增材修复等工艺;航空钛合金大型复杂结构件修复后,修复区的残余应力较大;根据修复后组织的特性,采用去应力退火热处理工艺;钛合金的去应力退火的热处理制度为600℃、保温4h;温度升到600℃前:每次升温100℃/10min,保温5min;温度达到600℃后,保温4h;保温时间结束后,氩气保护箱内自然冷却;3. The heat treatment system is determined. The material of aviation titanium alloy large and complex structural parts is titanium alloy, and the repair method usually adopts electron beam welding, laser additive repair and other processes; after the repair of aviation titanium alloy large and complex structural parts, the residual stress in the repair area is relatively large; For the characteristics of the structure, the stress relief annealing heat treatment process is adopted; the heat treatment system of the stress relief annealing of titanium alloy is 600 °C, and the temperature is kept for 4 hours; , heat preservation for 4h; after the end of the heat preservation time, the argon gas protective box is cooled naturally;
4、热电偶装夹、温度监测。选择长度合适且正直热点偶,每个修复区处安装2根热电偶且不可松动,作用分别为控温与测温;局部热处理前,通过智能温控仪初步设置温升温度为150℃、温升时间5min,调节电流控制输出功率,达到温升时间后查看控温区热电偶与测温区热电偶的温度,若控温的热电偶温度值不低于测温热电偶的温度值,则不调整连接,若控温的热电偶温度值低于测温热电偶的温度值,则调整两个热电偶的连接,确保同一修复区的用于控温的热电偶温度值不低于测温热电偶的温度值,从而保证加热温度的精准调控;热电偶安装、调测完毕后,将设计的柔性加热器覆盖热电偶,调整定位在修复部位;4. Thermocouple clamping and temperature monitoring. Choose a suitable length and an upright hot-spot couple, install 2 thermocouples at each repair area and do not loosen them. The functions are temperature control and temperature measurement respectively; The temperature rise time is 5min, adjust the current to control the output power, and check the temperature of the thermocouple in the temperature control area and the thermocouple in the temperature measurement area after the temperature rise time is reached. If the temperature value of the temperature control thermocouple is not lower than that of the temperature measurement thermocouple, then Do not adjust the connection. If the temperature value of the temperature-controlled thermocouple is lower than the temperature value of the temperature-measurement thermocouple, adjust the connection of the two thermocouples to ensure that the temperature value of the thermocouple used for temperature control in the same repair area is not lower than that of the temperature-measurement thermocouple. The temperature value of the thermocouple can ensure the precise control of the heating temperature; after the installation and commissioning of the thermocouple, the designed flexible heater is covered with the thermocouple and adjusted and positioned at the repaired part;
5、氩气保护箱内气氛净化;对热处理保护箱通入氩气洗气,使箱内氧含量低于100PPM;保护箱内循环净化,使箱内水氧含量经净化后低于50PPM,为航空钛合金大型复杂结构件局部热处理提供一个低水氧且氩气保护的加工环境。5. Purify the atmosphere in the argon protective box; pass argon gas to the heat treatment protective box, so that the oxygen content in the box is lower than 100PPM; the protective box is circulated and purified, so that the oxygen content of the water in the box is lower than 50PPM after purification, which is Local heat treatment of large and complex structural parts of aerospace titanium alloys provides a processing environment with low water oxygen and argon protection.
6、采用柔性加热装置对航空钛合金大型复杂结构件修复区局部热处理。本发明采用频率为20~80kHz的高频加热源,通过智能温控仪调节加热源的振荡电流,控制输出功率,通过柔性加热器升温、产生局部高温温度场,从而实现对航空钛合金大型复杂结构件局部修复部位的热处理;通过智能温控箱设置局部热处理的已确定的各阶段温升时间、保温温度、保温时间、冷却时间,设置完毕后开启电源,对航空钛合金大型复杂结构件修复区进行局部热处理。6. The flexible heating device is used for local heat treatment of the repair area of large and complex structural parts of aviation titanium alloys. The invention adopts a high-frequency heating source with a frequency of 20-80 kHz, adjusts the oscillating current of the heating source through an intelligent temperature controller, controls the output power, and heats up through a flexible heater to generate a local high-temperature temperature field, thereby realizing large-scale complex aviation titanium alloys. Heat treatment of local repair parts of structural parts; set the determined temperature rise time, heat preservation temperature, heat preservation time and cooling time of each stage of local heat treatment through the intelligent temperature control box. Local heat treatment in the area.
本发明具有以下优点:The present invention has the following advantages:
1、柔性加热器主要采用履带式陶瓷加热器,可根据修复工件和修复部位结构特征进行拼接、弯曲、缠绕,紧贴于航空钛合金大型复杂结构件修复区表面进行接触式加热,可简捷、有效地实现修复区复杂结构的加热。1. The flexible heater mainly adopts crawler type ceramic heater, which can be spliced, bent and wound according to the structural characteristics of the repaired workpiece and the repaired part, and is closely attached to the surface of the repair area of the large and complex structural parts of aviation titanium alloy for contact heating, which can be simple and convenient. Effectively achieve heating of complex structures in the repair area.
2、基于多点热电偶优化布置与实时测温,自动化调控加热功率,保证局部加热温度可达性,确保达到所需的热处理制度的可靠性,可实现多类型损伤修复结构的适应性局部热处理。2. Based on the optimal arrangement of multi-point thermocouples and real-time temperature measurement, the heating power can be automatically adjusted to ensure the accessibility of local heating temperature, to ensure the reliability of the required heat treatment system, and to achieve adaptive local heat treatment of multi-type damage repair structures. .
3、通过智能温控仪调节高频加热源(频率20-80kHz)的振荡电流调控加热温度,实现局部热处理温度的精确控制。3. The oscillating current of the high-frequency heating source (frequency 20-80kHz) is adjusted by the intelligent temperature controller to control the heating temperature to achieve precise control of the local heat treatment temperature.
4、采用氩气保护箱对航空钛合金大型复杂结构件形成整体氩气保护状态下进行局部热处理,箱内水氧含量经净化后可低于50PPM,防止局部热处理时的高温氧化。4. The argon protective box is used to perform local heat treatment under the overall argon protective state for large and complex aviation titanium alloy structural parts. After purification, the water and oxygen content in the box can be lower than 50PPM to prevent high temperature oxidation during local heat treatment.
5、采用柔性加热装置可对航空钛合金大型复杂结构件修复区进行局部热处理,热影响区小,变形小。5. The use of a flexible heating device can perform local heat treatment on the repair area of large and complex aviation titanium alloy structural parts, with a small heat-affected zone and small deformation.
更为具体地,如图1所示,一种航空钛合金大型复杂结构件修复后局部热处理装置,包括保护气箱体、热电偶2、柔性加热器3、智能温控仪,本发明所述保护气箱体、热电偶2、柔性加热器3、智能温控仪可商业购得,或根据现有技术公开的方法制得,本领域熟练技术人员可根据现有技术进行选择和设置。所述的热电偶2安装在零件修复部位并与智能温控仪连接,所述的根据零件修复区的形状特征设计制造相对应的柔性加热器3紧贴于航天大型复杂零部件修复区表面且包裹热电偶2并与智能温控仪连接,航空钛合金大型复杂结构件置放于氩气保护箱2内。More specifically, as shown in FIG. 1 , a local heat treatment device after repair of a large complex structure of aviation titanium alloy, including a protective gas box, a
热电偶2、柔性加热器3、智能温控仪组成柔性加热局部热处理系统。通过热电偶2对工件修复区表面温度进行检测,通过智能温控仪调节电流大小,实现对机匣修复区的局部加热及加热温度的调控。
根据制定的柔性加热局部热处理制度,采用热电偶2检测修复部位温度,并通过智能温控仪调节振荡电流,控制升温速度、保温温度、保温时间及冷却时间等。According to the established flexible heating local heat treatment system,
本说明书中各个实施例采用递进的方式描述,每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处,各个实施例之间相同相似部分互相参见即可。The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.
对所公开的实施例的上述说明,使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本发明。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的,本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下,在其它实施例中实现。因此,本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例,而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
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| RU2225514C2 (en) * | 2001-04-17 | 2004-03-10 | Юнайтид Текнолоджиз Копэрейшн | Method of making rotor en-bloc with blades (versions), device for local heat treatment and method of repair of blades of said rotor |
| CN106636600A (en) * | 2016-11-09 | 2017-05-10 | 成都发动机(集团)有限公司 | Method for partial heat treatment of aero-engine large part after repair welding |
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