CN114844182A - Charging circuit, charging method and electronic device - Google Patents

Abstract

The present application discloses a charging circuit, a charging method and an electronic device, and relates to the technical field of power supplies. The charging circuit charges the battery pack, the charging circuit includes a first circuit and a second circuit, the battery pack includes a first battery and a second battery, the two batteries are connected in series, and the capacities of the two batteries are different. One end of the first circuit is coupled with the power supply end of the charger, and the other end is coupled with the positive electrode of the first battery; the second circuit is connected in parallel with the first battery. The first circuit is used to input the first charging current to the first battery; the first charging current of the first battery is output to the second battery; the second circuit is used to input the second charging current to the second battery; The two charging currents are input to the second battery together, and the charging current of the second battery is the third charging current; the ratio of the first charging current to the third charging current is equal to the capacity ratio of the first battery and the second battery. In this way, two batteries of different capacities can be charged at the same time.

Description

Charging circuit, charging method and electronic device

technical field

The present application relates to the field of power supply technology, and in particular, to a charging circuit, a charging method and an electronic device.

Background technique

Due to the limitation of the frame of the electronic device and other reasons, the capacities of multiple batteries in a small electronic device such as a mobile phone are generally different. In addition, the space for batteries in smaller electronic devices is limited, the volume of the batteries is limited, and the battery capacity is also limited. Therefore, battery capacity resources are very valuable. In the prior art, when batteries with different capacities are charged at the same time, the capacity of the batteries is lost and precious battery capacity resources are wasted. How to charge multiple batteries of different capacities and reduce the loss of battery capacity is a problem that needs to be solved.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Embodiments of the present application provide a charging circuit, a charging method, and an electronic device, which can charge batteries of different capacities at the same time, make multiple batteries fully charged at the same time without sacrificing charging speed, avoid battery capacity loss, and save battery capacity resources .

To achieve the above object, the embodiments of the present application adopt the following technical solutions:

In a first aspect, a charging circuit is provided, comprising: a first circuit and a second circuit; the first circuit and the second circuit are used for charging a battery pack; the battery pack includes a first battery and a second battery, the first battery and The second battery is connected in series; the capacity of the first battery is the first value, the capacity of the second battery is the second value, and the first value is smaller than the second value; that is, the capacities of the two batteries are different. One end of the first circuit is coupled with the power supply end of the charger, and the other end is coupled with the positive electrode of the first battery; the second circuit is connected in parallel with the first battery. The first circuit is used to input the first charging current to the first battery; the first charging current of the first battery is output to the second battery; the second circuit is used to input the second charging current to the second battery; The first charging current of the battery and the second charging current output by the second circuit are input into the second battery together, and the charging current of the second battery is the third charging current (the third charging current is the sum of the first charging current and the second charging current) ); the ratio of the first charging current input to the first battery to the third charging current input to the second battery is equal to the ratio of the first value to the second value.

In this way, the ratio of the charging current of the two batteries is equal to the ratio of the capacity of the two batteries; two batteries of different capacities can be fully charged at the same time, thus avoiding the loss of battery capacity.

According to the first aspect, in a possible implementation, one end of the second circuit is coupled to the positive electrode of the first battery, and the other end is coupled to the negative electrode of the first battery; so as to realize that the second circuit is connected in parallel with the first battery.

According to the first aspect, in a possible implementation, one end of the second circuit is coupled to the power supply end of the charger, and the other end is coupled to the negative electrode of the first battery; so as to realize that the second circuit is connected in parallel with the first battery.

According to the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the value of the first charging current is a first current value; the value of the second charging current is a second current value; the charging circuit further includes a controller for sending the first current value to the first The circuit sends the first current value; and is also used for sending the second current value to the second circuit.

In this embodiment, the controller controls the ratio of the charging currents of the first circuit and the second circuit.

According to the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the charging circuit further includes a sampling circuit, one end of the sampling circuit is coupled to the negative electrode of the first battery, and the other end of the sampling circuit is coupled to the output end of the second circuit; The controller is connected in communication with the first circuit; the sampling circuit is used to detect the detected value of the first charging current; the first circuit is also used to adjust the output current according to the detected value of the first charging current and the first current value, so that the first The value of the charging current is the first current value.

In this embodiment, the value of the charging current of the first battery is acquired in real time through the sampling circuit, and the output current of the first circuit is adjusted; if the current value of the first charging current is smaller than the preset first current value, the output current of a circuit; if the current value of the first charging current is greater than the preset first current value, reduce the output current of the first circuit; so that the value of the first charging current is equal to the preset first current value.

According to the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the value of the first charging current is the first current value, the charging circuit further includes a controller and a sampling circuit, one end of the sampling circuit is coupled to the negative electrode of the first battery, and the sampling circuit has a The other end is coupled with the output end of the second circuit; the sampling circuit is used to detect the detection value of the first charging current; the sampling circuit is also used to send the detection value of the first charging current to the controller; A detected value of the charging current and the first current value control the first circuit to adjust the output current, so that the value of the first charging current is the first current value.

According to the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the first circuit is a direct charging circuit or a boosting circuit, and the second circuit is a bucking circuit.

In a second aspect, a charging method is provided, applied to a charging circuit, the charging circuit includes a first circuit and a second circuit; the first circuit and the second circuit are used for charging a battery pack; the battery pack includes a first battery and a second circuit battery, the first battery and the second battery are connected in series; the capacity of the first battery is the first value, the capacity of the second battery is the second value, and the first value is less than the second value; one end of the first circuit is connected to the power supply end of the charger the second circuit is connected in parallel with the first battery; the method includes: the first circuit inputs a first charging current to the first battery; the first charging current of the first battery is output to the second battery battery; the second circuit inputs a second charging current to the second battery; wherein the ratio of the first charging current input to the first battery to the third charging current input to the second battery is equal to the ratio of the first value to the second value ; wherein, the third charging current is the sum of the first charging current and the second charging current.

In this way, the ratio of the charging current of the two batteries is equal to the ratio of the capacity of the two batteries; two batteries of different capacities can be fully charged at the same time, thus avoiding the loss of battery capacity.

According to the second aspect, in a possible implementation, one end of the second circuit is coupled to the positive electrode of the first battery, and the other end is coupled to the negative electrode of the first battery, and the first circuit inputting the first charging current to the first battery includes: : The first circuit receives the power supply current of the charger and outputs the first output current; the first output current includes the first charging current and the second output current; the second circuit inputting the second charging current to the second battery includes: the second circuit receiving The second output current outputs the second charging current.

According to the second aspect, in a possible implementation, one end of the second circuit is coupled to the power supply end of the charger, and the other end is coupled to the negative electrode of the first battery, and the first circuit inputting the first charging current to the first battery includes: : the first circuit receives the first power supply current of the charger and outputs the first charging current; the second circuit inputs the second charging current to the second battery including: the second circuit receives the second power supply current of the charger and outputs the second charging current .

According to the second aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the value of the first charging current is the first current value, the value of the second charging current is the second current value, the charging circuit further includes a controller, and the method further includes: The controller sends the first current value to the first circuit and the second current value to the second circuit.

In this method, the controller controls the ratio of the charging currents of the first circuit and the second circuit.

According to the second aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the charging circuit further includes a sampling circuit, one end of the sampling circuit is coupled to the negative electrode of the first battery, and the other end of the sampling circuit is coupled to the output end of the second circuit, the method further It includes: the sampling circuit detects the detected value of the first charging current, and sends the detected value of the first charging current to the controller; the controller controls the first circuit to adjust the output current according to the detected value of the first charging current and the first current value, so that the first The value of a charging current is the first current value.

In this method, the controller obtains the value of the charging current of the first battery in real time through the sampling circuit, and controls the first circuit to adjust the output current; if the current value of the first charging current is less than the preset first current value, it increases The output current of the first circuit; if the current value of the first charging current is greater than the preset first current value, reduce the output current of the first circuit; so that the value of the first charging current is equal to the preset first current value .

In a third aspect, a charging method is provided, applied to a charging circuit, the charging circuit includes a first circuit, a second circuit and a controller; the first circuit and the second circuit are used for charging a battery pack; the battery pack includes a first battery and the second battery, the first battery and the second battery are connected in series; the capacity of the first battery is the first value, the capacity of the second battery is the second value, and the first value is less than the second value; one end of the first circuit is connected to the charger The second circuit is connected in parallel with the first battery; the method includes: the controller sends a first current value to the first circuit, and sends a second current value to the second circuit; The first circuit inputs the first charging current to the first battery; the first charging current of the first battery is output to the second battery; the value of the first charging current is the first current value; the second circuit inputs the second charging current to the second battery current; the value of the second charging current is a second current value; wherein, the value of the third charging current input to the second battery is a third current value, and the third current value is the sum of the first current value and the second current value; The ratio of the first current value to the third current value is equal to the ratio of the first value to the second value.

In this method, the controller controls the charging ratio of the two batteries, so that the ratio of the charging current of the two batteries is equal to the ratio of the capacity of the two batteries; two batteries of different capacities can be fully charged at the same time, avoiding the loss of battery capacity.

According to the third aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the charging circuit further includes a sampling circuit, one end of the sampling circuit is coupled to the negative electrode of the first battery, and the other end of the sampling circuit is coupled to the output end of the second circuit, and the method further It includes: the sampling circuit detects the detected value of the first charging current, and sends the detected value of the first charging current to the controller; the controller controls the first circuit to adjust the output current according to the detected value of the first charging current and the first current value, so that the first The value of a charging current is the first current value.

In this method, the controller obtains the value of the charging current of the first battery in real time through the sampling circuit, and controls the first circuit to adjust the output current; if the current value of the first charging current is less than the preset first current value, it increases The output current of the first circuit; if the current value of the first charging current is greater than the preset first current value, reduce the output current of the first circuit; so that the value of the first charging current is equal to the preset first current value .

In a fourth aspect, an electronic device is provided, including the charging circuit according to the first aspect and any one of the embodiments thereof, and a battery pack, the battery pack includes a first battery and a second battery, the first battery and the second battery connected in series; the capacity of the first battery is the first value, the capacity of the second battery is the second value, and the first value is smaller than the second value.

In a fifth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, and instructions are stored in the computer-readable storage medium, so that when the computer-readable storage medium runs on a computer, the computer can execute the above-mentioned second aspect and any one of the implementations or the first. The method described in the three aspects and any one of the embodiments thereof.

A sixth aspect provides a computer program product comprising instructions that, when run on a computer, enable the computer to execute the second aspect and any one of its embodiments or the third aspect and any of its embodiments. method described.

In a seventh aspect, there is provided an apparatus (for example, the apparatus may be a chip system), the apparatus includes a processor, and is used to support an electronic device to implement the second aspect and any one of the implementation manners thereof or the third aspect and any of the foregoing A function involved in an implementation. In a possible design, the apparatus further includes a memory for storing necessary program instructions and data of the electronic device. When the device is a system-on-chip, it may be composed of chips, or may include chips and other discrete devices.

Wherein, for the technical effects brought by any one of the implementations in the fourth aspect to the seventh aspect, reference may be made to the technical effects brought by different implementations in the second aspect or the third aspect, which will not be repeated here.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a charging system provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of another charging system architecture provided by an embodiment of the present application;

3 is a schematic diagram of a hardware structure of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

4 is a schematic diagram of a charging circuit;

5 is a schematic diagram of another charging circuit;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a charging circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a charging circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 8 is a schematic flowchart of a charging method provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a charging circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application;

10 is a schematic diagram of a charging circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application;

11 is a schematic flowchart of a charging method provided by an embodiment of the present application;

12 is a schematic diagram of a discharge circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application;

13 is a schematic diagram of a charging and discharging circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a charging circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application;

15 is a schematic diagram of a discharge circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application;

16 is a schematic diagram of a charging and discharging circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of a charging and discharging circuit provided by an embodiment of the application;

18 is a schematic diagram of a charging and discharging circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 19 is a schematic structural diagram of a switch provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 20 is a schematic structural diagram of a switch according to an embodiment of the present application;

21 is a schematic flowchart of a charging and discharging method provided by an embodiment of the present application;

22 is a schematic diagram of a charging and discharging circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application;

23 is a schematic diagram of a fuel gauge provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 24 is a schematic diagram of a fuel gauge provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 25 is a schematic diagram of a fuel gauge provided by an embodiment of the present application;

26 is a schematic diagram of a fuel gauge provided by an embodiment of the present application;

27 is a schematic diagram of a fuel gauge provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 28 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 29 is a schematic structural diagram of a chip system provided by an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed ways

In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the terms used in the following embodiments are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to be used as limitations of the present application. As used in the specification of this application and the appended claims, the singular expressions "a," "the," "above," "the," and "the" are intended to also include, for example, "a" or more" this expression unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. It should also be understood that, in the following embodiments of the present application, "at least one" and "one or more" refer to one or more than two (including two). The term "and/or", used to describe the association relationship of related objects, indicates that there can be three kinds of relationships; for example, A and/or B, can indicate: A alone exists, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone, A and B can be singular or plural. The character "/" generally indicates that the associated objects are an "or" relationship.

References in this specification to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" and the like mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in one or more embodiments of the present application. Thus, appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," "in other embodiments," etc. in various places in this specification are not necessarily All refer to the same embodiment, but mean "one or more but not all embodiments" unless specifically emphasized otherwise. The terms "including", "including", "having" and their variants mean "including but not limited to" unless specifically emphasized otherwise. The term "connected" includes both direct and indirect connections unless otherwise specified. "First" and "second" are only for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implying the number of indicated technical features.

In the embodiments of the present application, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to represent examples, illustrations or illustrations. Any embodiments or designs described in the embodiments of the present application as "exemplary" or "such as" should not be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Rather, the use of words such as "exemplary" or "such as" is intended to present the related concepts in a specific manner.

The terms "coupling" and "connection" involved in the embodiments of the present application should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may refer to a physical direct connection, or it may refer to an indirect connection achieved through electronic devices, such as through resistance, inductance, capacitance or other electronic devices. The connection made by the device.

The battery capacity represents the amount of electricity that the battery can discharge under certain conditions (eg, discharge rate, temperature, termination voltage, etc.). For example, the length of time that a battery can be discharged at a specified current is the capacity of the battery; usually in ampere hours (expressed in A h). For example, a battery with a capacity of 5A·h can work for about 5 hours when discharged with a current of 1A.

Currently, the capacities of multiple batteries in a small electronic device such as a mobile phone are generally different. Exemplarily, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , the electronic device 10 includes a battery 11 and a battery 12 ; wherein the battery 11 and the battery 12 have different battery capacities. In one example, the capacity of battery 11 is less than the capacity of battery 12 . For example, the capacity of the battery 11 is 2000 milliampere·hours (mA·h), and the capacity of the battery 12 is 3000 mA·h. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present application take the electronic device 10 including the battery 11 and the battery 12 as an example for description. It can be understood that the electronic device 10 may also include a larger number of batteries. When a larger number of batteries are included, the implementation principle is similar to that of including the battery 11 and the battery 12 , which will not be exemplified one by one in this embodiment of the present application.

The electronic device 10 can be charged by the charger 20 shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2 . The charger 20 may be the wired charger shown in FIG. 1 , or the wireless charger shown in FIG. 2 , or other forms of chargers. When charging, the charger 20 shown in FIG. 1 is connected to the electronic device 10 by a wired method, and the charger 20 shown in FIG. 2 is connected to the wireless charging coil ( See the wireless charging coil 142 in FIG. 3 ).

The methods provided in the embodiments of the present application can be applied to electronic devices including multiple batteries. The above electronic devices may include mobile phones, tablet computers, notebook computers, personal computers (PCs), ultra-mobile personal computers (UMPCs), handheld computers, netbooks, smart home devices (such as smart TVs, Smart screens, large screens, smart speakers, smart air conditioners, etc.), personal digital assistants (PDAs), wearable devices (such as smart watches, smart bracelets, etc.), in-vehicle devices, virtual reality devices, etc., are implemented in this application. The example does not impose any restrictions on this.

In the embodiment of the present application, the above-mentioned electronic device is an electronic device that can run an operating system and install application programs. Optionally, the operating system run by the electronic device may be an Android® system, a Windows® system, an iOS® system, and the like.

Taking the electronic device as a mobile phone as an example, FIG. 3 shows a possible structure of the electronic device. The electronic device 10 may include a processor 110 , an external memory interface 120 , an internal memory 121 , a universal serial bus (USB) interface 130 , a power management module 140 , a battery 141 , a wireless charging coil 142 , an antenna 1 , and an antenna 2 , mobile communication module 150, wireless communication module 160, audio module 170, speaker 170A, receiver 170B, microphone 170C, headphone jack 170D, sensor module 180, buttons 190, motor 191, indicator 192, camera 193, display screen 194 and user Identity module (subscriber identification module, SIM) card interface 195 and so on.

The sensor module 180 may include a pressure sensor, a gyro sensor, an air pressure sensor, a magnetic sensor, an acceleration sensor, a distance sensor, a proximity light sensor, a fingerprint sensor, a temperature sensor, a touch sensor, an ambient light sensor, a bone conduction sensor, and the like.

It can be understood that the structures illustrated in the embodiments of the present application do not constitute a specific limitation on the electronic device 10 . In other embodiments of the present application, the electronic device 10 may include more or less components than shown, or combine some components, or separate some components, or arrange different components. The illustrated components may be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware.

The processor 110 may include one or more processing units, for example, the processor 110 may include a central processing unit (central processing unit, CPU), an application processor (application processor, AP), a modem processor, a graphics processor ( graphics processing unit (GPU), image signal processor (ISP), controller, memory, video codec, digital signal processor (DSP), baseband processor, and neural-network processor (neural- network processing unit, NPU), etc. Wherein, different processing units may be independent devices, or may be integrated in one or more processors. For example, the processor 110 may be an application processor AP. Alternatively, the above-mentioned processor 110 may be integrated in a system on chip (SoC). Alternatively, the above-mentioned processor 110 may be integrated in an integrated circuit (IC) chip. The processor 110 may include an analog front end (AFE) and a micro-controller unit (MCU) in an IC chip.

The controller may be the nerve center and command center of the electronic device 10 . The controller can generate an operation control signal according to the instruction operation code and timing signal, and complete the control of fetching and executing instructions.

A memory may also be provided in the processor 110 for storing instructions and data. In some implementations, the memory in the processor 110 is a cache memory. This memory may hold instructions or data that have just been used or recycled by the processor 110 . If the processor 110 needs to use the instruction or data again, it can be called directly from the memory. Repeated accesses are avoided and the latency of the processor 110 is reduced, thereby increasing the efficiency of the system.

In some implementations, the processor 110 may include one or more interfaces. The interface may include an integrated circuit (inter-integrated circuit, I2C) interface, an integrated circuit built-in audio (inter-integrated circuitsound, I2S) interface, a pulse code modulation (pulse code modulation, PCM) interface, a universal asynchronous receiver (universal asynchronous receiver) interface /transmitter, UART) interface, mobile industry processor interface (MIPI), general-purpose input/output (GPIO) interface, subscriber identity module (SIM) interface and/or USB interface, etc.

It can be understood that the interface connection relationship between the modules illustrated in the embodiments of the present application is only a schematic illustration, and does not constitute a structural limitation of the electronic device 10 . In other embodiments of the present application, the electronic device 10 may also adopt different interface connection manners in the foregoing embodiments, or a combination of multiple interface connection manners.

The wireless communication function of the electronic device 10 may be implemented by the antenna 1, the antenna 2, the mobile communication module 150, the wireless communication module 160, the modulation and demodulation processor, the baseband processor, and the like.

Antenna 1 and Antenna 2 are used to transmit and receive electromagnetic wave signals. Each antenna in electronic device 10 may be used to cover a single or multiple communication frequency bands. Different antennas can also be reused to improve antenna utilization. For example, the antenna 1 can be multiplexed as a diversity antenna of the wireless local area network. In other embodiments, the antenna may be used in conjunction with a tuning switch.

The mobile communication module 150 can provide wireless communication solutions including 2G/3G/4G/5G etc. applied on the electronic device 10 . The wireless communication module 160 can provide wireless local area networks (WLAN) (such as wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) networks), bluetooth (BT), and global navigation satellite systems applied on the electronic device 10 . Wireless communication solutions such as global navigation satellite system (GNSS), frequency modulation (FM), near field communication (NFC), and infrared technology (IR). In some embodiments, the antenna 1 of the electronic device 10 is coupled with the mobile communication module 150, and the antenna 2 is coupled with the wireless communication module 160, so that the electronic device 10 can communicate with the network and other devices through wireless communication technology.

The electronic device 10 implements a display function through a GPU, a display screen 194, an application processor, and the like. The GPU is a microprocessor for image processing, and is connected to the display screen 194 and the application processor. The GPU is used to perform mathematical and geometric calculations for graphics rendering. Processor 110 may include one or more GPUs that execute program instructions to generate or alter display information.

Display screen 194 is used to display images, videos, and the like. Display screen 194 includes a display panel. In some embodiments, the electronic device 10 may include 1 or N display screens 194 , where N is a positive integer greater than 1.

The electronic device 10 can realize the shooting function through the ISP, the camera 193, the video codec, the GPU, the display screen 194, the application processor, and the like. The ISP is used to process the data fed back by the camera 193 . In some embodiments, the ISP may be provided in the camera 193 . Camera 193 is used to capture still images or video. In some embodiments, the electronic device 10 may include 1 or N cameras 193 , where N is a positive integer greater than 1.

The external memory interface 120 may be used to connect an external memory card, such as a micro SanDisk (Micro SD) card, so as to expand the storage capacity of the electronic device 10 . The external memory card communicates with the processor 110 through the external memory interface 120 to realize the data storage function. For example to save files like music, video etc in external memory card.

Internal memory 121 may be used to store computer executable program code, which includes instructions. The processor 110 executes various functional applications and data processing of the electronic device 10 by executing the instructions stored in the internal memory 121 . In addition, the internal memory 121 may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one magnetic disk storage device, flash memory device, universal flash storage (UFS), and the like.

The electronic device 10 may implement audio functions through an audio module 170, a speaker 170A, a receiver 170B, a microphone 170C, an earphone interface 170D, an application processor, and the like. Such as music playback, recording, etc.

The audio module 170 is used for converting digital audio information into analog audio signal output, and also for converting analog audio input into digital audio signal. In some embodiments, the audio module 170 may be provided in the processor 110 , or some functional modules of the audio module 170 may be provided in the processor 110 . Speaker 170A, also referred to as a "speaker", is used to convert audio electrical signals into sound signals. The receiver 170B, also referred to as "earpiece", is used to convert audio electrical signals into sound signals. The microphone 170C, also called "microphone" or "microphone", is used to convert sound signals into electrical signals. The electronic device 10 may be provided with at least one microphone 170C. The earphone jack 170D is used to connect wired earphones. The earphone port 170D may be the USB port 130, or may be a 3.5mm open mobile terminal platform (OMTP) standard port, a cellular telecommunications industry association of the USA (CTIA) standard port.

The keys 190 include a power-on key, a volume key, and the like. Keys 190 may be mechanical keys. It can also be a touch key. The electronic device 10 may receive key inputs and generate key signal inputs related to user settings and function control of the electronic device 10 . Motor 191 can generate vibrating cues. The motor 191 can be used for vibrating alerts for incoming calls, and can also be used for touch vibration feedback. The indicator 192 can be an indicator light, which can be used to indicate a charging state, a change in power, and can also be used to indicate messages, missed calls, notifications, and the like. The SIM card interface 195 is used to connect a SIM card. The SIM card can be contacted and separated from the electronic device 10 by inserting into the SIM card interface 195 or pulling out from the SIM card interface 195 . The electronic device 10 may support 1 or N SIM card interfaces, where N is a positive integer greater than 1. The SIM card interface 195 can support a nano SIM (Nano SIM) card, a micro SIM (Micro SIM) card, a SIM card, and the like. In some embodiments, the electronic device 10 adopts an embedded SIM (eSIM, eSIM) card, and the eSIM card can be embedded in the electronic device 10 and cannot be separated from the electronic device 10 .

The power management module 140 is used to receive charging input from the charger. The charger may be a wireless charger (such as a wireless charging base of the electronic device 10 or other devices that can charge the electronic device 10 wirelessly), or a wired charger. For example, the power management module 140 may receive the charging input of the wired charger through the USB interface 130 . The power management module 140 may receive wireless charging input through the wireless charging coil 142 of the electronic device 10 .

The power management module 140 can also supply power to the electronic device 10 while charging the battery 141 . The power management module 140 receives the input of the battery 141 and supplies power to the processor 110 , the internal memory 121 , the external memory interface 120 , the display screen 194 , the camera 193 and the wireless communication module 160 . The power management module 140 can also be used to monitor parameters such as battery capacity, battery cycle times, battery health status (leakage, impedance) of the battery 141 . In other embodiments, the power management module 140 may also be provided in the processor 110 .

The battery 141 may include a plurality of batteries of different capacities. Currently, when an electronic device includes a plurality of batteries, the plurality of batteries are usually charged in series, or the plurality of batteries are charged in parallel. The amount of electricity charged into the battery during the charging process is Q=I×t; among them, I is the charging current and t is the charging time. Multiple batteries are charged in series or parallel at the same time, that is, the charging time of each battery is equal. The charging current of the battery is proportional to the amount of power charged into the battery.

In an example, as shown in FIG. 4 , two batteries are connected in parallel, and one charging circuit or multiple charging circuits are connected in parallel to charge the two batteries at the same time. Since two batteries are connected in parallel, the voltages of the two batteries are equal, and the input current of the battery is affected by the resistance on the link (including the resistance of the battery itself, line resistance, etc.); the input current of the two batteries cannot be precisely controlled.

Since the input current of the battery cannot be precisely controlled, generally speaking, the maximum input current of the battery is designed to be higher to avoid damage to the battery. The maximum input current of the battery is inversely proportional to the battery capacity density, which results in a low capacity density of the battery. Under the same target capacity, if the capacity density is low, the volume of the battery will be large. Due to the limited space in the electronic device, the volume of the battery is limited, and thus the battery capacity is lost.

In one example, as shown in FIG. 5 , two batteries are connected in series, and the charging circuit charges the two batteries simultaneously. In this implementation, the input currents of the two batteries are the same, and the amount of electricity charged in the same time is equal. When the smaller capacity battery is fully charged, the larger capacity battery is not fully charged. When the smaller capacity battery is full, stop charging to avoid damage to the battery. In this case, the battery with a larger capacity cannot be fully charged, and the capacity is wasted.

Embodiments of the present application provide a charging circuit and method, which are applied to charging batteries of different capacities. The charging circuit can be applied to the power management module 140 of the electronic device 10 described above.

Exemplarily, as shown in FIG. 6 , the electronic device 10 includes a first circuit 13 , a voltage conversion circuit (second circuit) 14 , a controller 15 , and a battery pack; wherein the first circuit 13 and the voltage conversion circuit 14 are used for charging circuit to charge the battery pack. The battery pack includes batteries 11 and 12, and the capacities of the batteries 11 and 12 are different; for example, the capacity of the battery 11 is a first value, and the capacity of the battery 12 is a second value, and the second value is greater than the first value. One end of the first circuit 13 is coupled to the power supply end of the charger 20, and the other end is coupled to the positive electrode of the battery 11; the negative electrode of the battery 11 is coupled to the positive electrode of the battery 12; Negative coupling. The communication terminal of the first circuit 13 and the communication terminal of the voltage conversion circuit 14 are respectively connected to the controller 15 in communication; for example, the first circuit 13 and the voltage conversion circuit 14 are connected to the controller 15 through an integrated circuit bus.

The first circuit 13 is used to convert the power supply voltage of the charger 20 , and the output voltage of the first circuit 13 is V _out1 . The voltage conversion circuit 14 is used for voltage conversion of V _out1 . The controller 15 is used to control the charging current I _bat1 of the battery 11 by controlling the value of the output voltage V _out1 of the first circuit 13 ; the controller 15 is also used to control the output current I _out of the voltage conversion circuit 14 under V _out1 , Let I _bat1 / I _bat2 = first value/second value, where I _bat2 = I _bat1 + I _out , ie I _bat1 / (I _bat1 +I _out ) = first value/second value. That is, the ratio of the charging current input to the battery 11 to the charging current input to the battery 12 is equal to the ratio of the first value to the second value. It should be noted that, in actual implementation, due to the limitations of detection accuracy and control accuracy, the ratio of the charging current of the input battery 11 to the charging current of the input battery 12, and the ratio of the first value to the second value may not necessarily be possible. achieve exact equality. The charging current of the input battery 11 and the charging current of the input battery 12 can be adjusted so that their ratios tend to be equal to the ratio of the first value to the second value, that is, to be similar to the ratio of the first value to the second value.

Since I _bat1 / I _bat2 = the first value / the second value, within the same charging time, the ratio of the power charged into the battery 11 and the battery 12 is the first value / the second value = the capacity of the battery 11 / the capacity of the battery 12; , the battery 11 and the battery 12 can be fully charged at the same time to avoid the loss of battery capacity.

In an example, as shown in FIG. 7 , the first circuit 13 is a direct charging circuit or a boost circuit (Boost); for example, the direct charging circuit is a switching circuit; the boost circuit may also be called a boost chip. Alternatively, the first circuit 13 may include a direct charging circuit and Boost. The controller 15 can control the first circuit 13 to use a direct charging circuit or a boost to charge according to the supply voltage of the charger 20 . For example, when the power supply voltage of the charger 20 is equal to the sum of the rated voltages of the battery 11 and the battery 12, the controller 15 controls the first circuit 13 to use the direct charging circuit to charge. For example, when the supply voltage of the charger 20 is less than the sum of the rated voltages of the battery 11 and the battery 12, the controller 15 controls the first circuit 13 to use Boost to charge. The voltage conversion circuit 14 is a step-down circuit (Buck), which may also be called a Buck chip. The controller 15 is an SoC. Optionally, the electronic device 10 further includes a sampling circuit 16 . In an example, one end of the sampling circuit 16 is coupled to the negative electrode of the battery 11 , and the other end is coupled to the Buck 14 . The communication terminal of the sampling circuit 16 is communicatively connected to the controller 15 . The sampling circuit 16 is used to collect the value of the charging current I _bat1 of the battery 11 in real time, and report it to the SoC. It should be noted that the resistance value of the sampling circuit 16 is very small, and the voltage difference between the two ends of the sampling circuit 16 can be ignored.

The SoC is used to determine the target values of I _bat1 and I _bat2 according to the capacity of the battery 11 and the capacity of the battery 12 , and send control signals to the first circuit 13 and the Buck 14 respectively. For example, the SoC sends control signals to the first circuit 13 and the Buck 14 respectively through an integrated circuit (inter-integrated circuit, IIC) communication protocol. Exemplarily, the SoC sends a first control signal to the first circuit 13 to notify the charging current target value of the battery 11 (that is, the target value of I _bat1 ); the SoC sends a second control signal to the Buck 14 to notify the output of the Buck 14 Current target value (ie I _out target value), where I _out =I _bat2 - I _bat1 .

The first circuit 13 is used for voltage conversion of the power supply voltage of the charger 20 , and the output voltage of the first circuit 13 is V _out1 . In an implementation manner, the first circuit 13 adjusts the value of V _out1 according to the current value of I _bat1 collected by the sampling circuit 16 in real time, so that the value of I _bat1 is equal to the target value.

The Buck 14 is used for voltage conversion of V _out1 , and the value of the output current I _out is kept as the I _out target value; wherein, the I _out target value=I _bat2 target value−I _bat1 target value.

The charging method provided by the embodiment of the present application is described in detail below, and the method can be applied to the charging circuit shown in FIG. 6 or FIG. 7 . Exemplarily, as shown in Figure 8, the method includes:

S801. The controller determines the charging current target value (first target value) of battery one, the charging current target value (second target value) of battery two, and the output current target value (third target value) of the voltage conversion circuit; wherein , first target value/second target value=capacity of battery one/capacity of battery two.

For example, the first battery is the aforementioned battery 11 , and the second battery is the aforementioned battery 12 . The capacity of battery one is the first value, and the capacity of battery two is the second value; the first value is smaller than the second value.

After the electronic device is connected to the charger in a wired or wireless manner, the electronic device charges the first battery and the second battery through the charger. The charging current of the battery during the charging process is a dynamic process. In one implementation, the charging process of the battery includes three stages: a pre-charging stage, a constant-current charging stage, and a constant-voltage charging stage. When the initial/no-load voltage of the battery is lower than the precharge threshold (such as 3.0V), it is in the precharge phase, and the charging current of a single battery is about 10% of the charging current in the constant current charging phase. In the constant current charging stage, the charging current is constant (the charging current at this time is the maximum charging current), and the voltage gradually increases, which is the fast charging stage. As far as a single battery is concerned, when the battery reaches a certain voltage value, it enters the constant voltage charging stage, for example, the constant voltage value is 4.2V. In the constant voltage charging stage, the voltage remains unchanged and the charging current decreases; when the charging current reaches the termination current (such as 0.01C), the charging is terminated. Once charging is complete, the charging current drops to zero. The controller determines the current charging current target value of the second battery according to the specific stage in the charging process of the first battery and the second battery.

Exemplarily, taking battery 1 and battery 2 in the constant current charging stage as an example, the current target charging current of battery 2 is determined as the maximum charging current of battery 2. It can be understood that the maximum charging current of the second battery is less than or equal to the maximum output current of the charger. Take the maximum charging current of battery 2 as 3A as an example. That is, the target value of the charging current of the second battery is determined to be 3A.

According to the charging current target value of battery one/charging current target value of battery two=capacity of battery one/capacity of battery two=first value/second value; determine the charging current target value of battery one. Exemplarily, the first value is 2000 mA·h, the second value is 3000 mA·h, the target value of the charging current (I _bat2 ) of the second battery is 3A, and the target value of the charging current (I _bat1 ) of the first battery is 2A . The output current (I _out ) target value of the voltage conversion circuit = I _bat2 target value - I _bat1 target value. Exemplarily, I _out target value = 3A - 2A = 1A. That is, the first target value is 2A, the second target value is 3A, and the third target value is 1A.

It should be noted that, the above example introduces a specific method for determining the charging current target value of battery 1 and the charging current target value of battery 2 by taking the constant current charging stage as an example. It can be understood that the charging current during the charging process is a dynamic process. In each stage of the charging process, the above method can be used to determine the charging current target value of battery 1 and the charging current target value of battery 2; Target value of charging current/target value of charging current of battery 2=capacity of battery 1/capacity of battery 2=first value/second value, and meet the current requirements of the corresponding stage (for example, the charging current of a single battery in the pre-charging stage is 10% of the charging current in the constant current charging stage).

S802. The controller sends the charging current target value (first target value) of battery 1 to the first circuit, and the controller sends the voltage conversion circuit output current target value (third target value) to the voltage conversion circuit; wherein the voltage conversion circuit outputs The sum of the current target value (third target value) and the charging current target value (first target value) of battery one is the charging current target value (second target value) of battery two.

In one implementation, the controller sends the first control signal to the first circuit through the IIC communication protocol, which includes the first target value. The controller sends a second control signal including the third target value to the voltage conversion circuit through the IIC communication protocol.

S803 , the first circuit performs voltage conversion on the power supply voltage of the charger, and adjusts the output voltage of the first circuit according to the current value of the charging current of the first battery, so that the charging current of the first battery reaches the first target value. The voltage conversion circuit performs voltage conversion on the output voltage of the first circuit, so that the output current of the voltage conversion circuit reaches a third target value.

In one implementation, the first circuit is a direct charging circuit, such as a switching circuit.

In an example, the sampling circuit collects the value of I _bat1 in real time and reports it to the controller. The controller sends the current value of I _bat1 to the direct charging circuit through the IIC communication protocol. If the current value of I _bat1 is less than the first target value, the direct charging circuit negotiates with the charger through the charging protocol, and increases the power supply voltage of the charger by the first step (for example, 0.5V). In this way, the output voltage V _out1 of the direct charging circuit increases, that is, the value of I _bat1 increases. If the current value of I _bat1 is greater than the first target value, the direct charging circuit negotiates with the charger through the charging protocol, and reduces the charger supply voltage with the second step size (which can be equal to or unequal to the first step size, such as 0.5V). In this way, the output voltage V _out1 of the direct charging circuit decreases, that is, the value of I _bat1 decreases. After one or more adjustments, the value of I _bat1 can reach the first target value by increasing or decreasing the power supply voltage of the charger.

In another example, the sampling circuit collects the value of I _bat1 in real time and reports it to the controller. If the current value of I _bat1 is less than the first target value, the controller sends a boost signal to the direct charging circuit; the direct charging circuit negotiates with the charger through the charging protocol, and increases the power supply voltage of the charger by the first step (for example, 0.5V). . In this way, the output voltage V _out1 of the direct charging circuit increases, that is, the value of I _bat1 increases. If the current value of I _bat1 is greater than the first target value, the controller sends a step-down signal to the direct charging circuit; the direct charging circuit negotiates with the charger through the charging protocol, and the second step length (which can be equal to or not equal to the first step length) , such as 0.5V) to reduce the charger supply voltage. In this way, the output voltage V _out1 of the direct charging circuit decreases, that is, the value of I _bat1 decreases. After one or more adjustments, the value of I _bat1 can reach the first target value by increasing or decreasing the power supply voltage of the charger.

In one implementation, the first circuit is Boost. Boost boosts the charger supply voltage. In an example, the sampling circuit collects the value of I _bat1 in real time and reports it to the controller. The controller sends the current value of I _bat1 to Boost through the IIC communication protocol. If the current value of I _bat1 is less than the first target value, Boost increases the output voltage V _out1 by a first step (eg, 0.5V), that is, the value of I _bat1 increases. If the current value of I _bat1 is greater than the first target value, Boost reduces the output voltage V _out1 by a second step size (which may or may not be equal to the first step size, such as 0.5V), that is, the value of I _bat1 decreases. After one or more adjustments, the value of I _bat1 can reach the first target value by increasing or decreasing the Boost output voltage. Among them, Boost adjusts the duty cycle through pulse width modulation (PWM), boosts the input voltage, and outputs the target voltage value. Those skilled in the art can use available conventional methods to implement the Boost function. This embodiment of the present application does not limit this.

In one implementation, the voltage conversion circuit is a Buck. The Buck performs step-down conversion on the output voltage of the first circuit, and the output current is the third target value. Among them, Buck adjusts the duty cycle through pulse width modulation (PWM), performs step-down conversion on the input voltage, outputs the target voltage value, and controls the output current to the target value through the feedback current. Those skilled in the art can use available conventional methods to implement the Buck function. This embodiment of the present application does not limit this.

In the charging method provided by the embodiment of the present application, the first circuit and the voltage conversion circuit jointly charge the first battery and the second battery, and at each stage of the charging process, the charging current value of the battery one / the charging current value of the battery two = the capacity/capacity of battery two. In this way, the first battery and the second battery can be fully charged at the same time, thereby avoiding the loss of battery capacity.

It should be noted that, in some embodiments, the controller may not be used to determine the charging current target value (first target value) of battery one and the charging current target value (second target value) of battery two, and the voltage conversion circuit The output current target value (third target value) of battery 1; instead, the charging current target value of battery 1 is directly preset in the first circuit, and the first circuit adjusts the output current according to the charging current target value of battery 1; The target value of the output current is preset in the voltage conversion circuit, and the voltage conversion circuit adjusts the output current according to the target value of the output current. The specific method for the first circuit to adjust the output current according to the charging current target value of battery 1, and the specific method for the voltage conversion circuit to adjust the output current according to the output current target value can be referred to the specific description of the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

Embodiments of the present application further provide a charging circuit and method, which are applied to charging batteries of different capacities. The charging circuit can be applied to the power management module 140 of the electronic device 10 described above.

Exemplarily, FIG. 9 shows another charging circuit provided by this embodiment of the present application. The electronic device 10 includes a first circuit 1c, a voltage conversion circuit 1d and a controller 1e, and a battery pack; wherein the first circuit 1c and the voltage conversion circuit (second circuit) 1d serve as a charging circuit to charge the battery pack. The battery pack includes a battery 1a and a battery 1b, and the capacities of the batteries 1a and 1b are different; for example, the capacity of the battery 1a is a first value, and the capacity of the battery 1b is a second value, and the second value is greater than the first value. In an example, the first circuit 1c may be the first circuit 13 in FIG. 6 , the voltage conversion circuit 1d may be the voltage conversion circuit 14 in FIG. 6 , the controller 1e may be the controller 15 in FIG. 6 , the battery 1a and the battery 1b are the battery 11 and the battery 12 in FIG. 6, respectively. For the connection manner and function of each unit in FIG. 9 , reference may be made to the corresponding unit in FIG. 6 . Different from the charging circuit shown in FIG. 6 , the voltage conversion circuit 14 in FIG. 6 is connected in parallel with the battery 11 . In the charging circuit shown in FIG. 9, one end of the voltage conversion circuit 1d is coupled to the power supply terminal of the charger 20, and the other end is coupled to the negative electrode of the battery 1a; that is, the voltage conversion circuit 1d is connected in parallel with the first circuit 1c and the battery 1a in series. That is to say, the voltage conversion circuit 1d in FIG. 9 does not perform voltage conversion on the output voltage V _out1 of the first circuit 1c , but performs voltage conversion on the power supply voltage of the charger 20 .

In an implementation manner, as shown in FIG. 10 , the first circuit 1 c may be a direct charging circuit or a boost circuit (Boost); or, the first circuit 1 c includes a direct charging circuit and a Boost. The voltage conversion circuit 1d is a step-down circuit (Buck), which may also be called a Buck chip. The controller 1e is an SoC. In one example, the charging circuit may further include a sampling circuit 1f. One end of the sampling circuit 1f is coupled to the negative electrode of the battery 1a, and the other end is coupled to the Buck 1d. The communication terminal of the sampling circuit 1f is communicatively connected to the controller 1e.

The embodiment of the present application provides a charging method, which can be applied to the charging circuit shown in FIG. 9 or FIG. 10 . Exemplarily, as shown in Figure 11, the method includes:

S1101. The controller determines the charging current target value (first target value) of battery one, the charging current target value (second target value) of battery two, and the output current target value (third target value) of the voltage conversion circuit; wherein , first target value/second target value=capacity of battery one/capacity of battery two.

S1102 . The controller sends the charging current target value (first target value) of battery one to the first circuit, and the controller sends the voltage conversion circuit output current target value (third target value) to the voltage conversion circuit; wherein the voltage conversion circuit outputs The sum of the current target value (third target value) and the charging current target value (first target value) of battery one is the charging current target value (second target value) of battery two.

For the specific implementation manner of S1101 and S1102, reference may be made to S801 and S802, which will not be repeated here.

S1103: The first circuit performs voltage conversion on the power supply voltage of the charger, and adjusts the output voltage of the first circuit according to the current value of the charging current of the first battery, so that the charging current of the first battery reaches the first target value. The voltage conversion circuit performs voltage conversion on the supply voltage of the charger, so that the output current of the voltage conversion circuit reaches the third target value.

The first circuit performs voltage conversion on the power supply voltage of the charger, and adjusts the output voltage of the first circuit according to the current value of the charging current of battery one, so that the charging current of battery one reaches the first target value.

Different from S803, the voltage conversion circuit (such as Buck) performs step-down conversion on the supply voltage of the charger, and the output current is the third target value.

The first circuit and the voltage conversion circuit jointly charge the battery 1 and the battery 2. In each stage of the charging process, the charging current value of the battery 1/the charging current value of the battery 2=the capacity of the battery 1/the capacity of the battery 2. In this way, the first battery and the second battery can be fully charged at the same time, thereby avoiding the loss of battery capacity.

The battery 141 in FIG. 3 (for example, including the battery 11 and the battery 12 , or the battery 1 a and the battery 1 b ) is used to supply power to each unit (system) in the electronic device 10 . For example, the battery 141 can supply power to the processor 110, the internal memory 121, the external memory interface 120, the display screen 194, the camera 193 and the wireless communication module 160; it supports the normal operation of the electronic device 10 system.

When the battery supplies power to the system, the battery discharges. Generally speaking, multiple batteries are charged in series and discharged in series. Since the rated power supply voltage of the system (for example, equal to the power supply voltage of a single battery) is less than the supply voltage of multiple batteries in series; the power supply of multiple batteries in series requires step-down discharge.

In one example, as shown in FIG. 12 , the battery 11 and the battery 12 are connected in series. The discharge current of the battery 11 is input to the step-down discharge circuit 17 through the first circuit 13 . The discharge current of the battery 12 is reversely boosted by the voltage conversion circuit (Buck) and then input to the step-down discharge circuit 17 through the first circuit 13 . The step-down and discharge circuit 17 steps down the input voltage and supplies power to the system. For example, the supply voltage of a single battery is 5v, the supply voltage of battery 11 and battery 12 in series is 10v, and the rated supply voltage of the system is 5v; the step-down discharge circuit 17 is used to achieve 10v (battery supply voltage) to 5v (system rated supply voltage) 2:1 power conversion is realized; only about 50% of the output power of battery 11 and battery 12 is used to supply power to the system, which brings about efficiency loss and is a waste of battery capacity.

Embodiments of the present application further provide a circuit for automatically switching between charging and discharging. Exemplarily, the circuit for automatically switching between charging and discharging may be a power supply circuit in an electronic device. When charging the battery pack, the batteries are connected in series; the first circuit and the voltage conversion circuit jointly charge the battery 1 and the battery 2, so that the charging current value of the battery 1 / the charging current value of the battery 2 = the capacity of the battery 1 / the capacity of the battery 2 , battery 1 and battery 2 can be fully charged at the same time. When the battery pack supplies power to the system, the batteries are connected in parallel, and the supply voltage of the battery is equal to the rated supply voltage of the system to avoid the efficiency loss caused by the power conversion of the discharge circuit and the waste of battery capacity.

In one example, as shown in FIG. 13 , the electronic device 10 includes a power supply circuit including a battery 1a, a battery 1b, a first circuit 1c, a voltage conversion circuit 1d, a first switch 1g and a second switch 1h. The capacities of the battery 1a and the battery 1b are different; for example, the capacity of the battery 1a is a first value, and the capacity of the battery 1b is a second value, and the second value is greater than the first value. Optionally, the power supply circuit may further include a sampling circuit 1f (not shown in FIG. 13 ) and the like. The power circuit may interact with other units in the electronic device 10 . For example, the power supply circuit may wirelessly communicate with the controller 1e to receive control signals from the controller 1e. For example, the power supply circuit may supply power to the system of electronic device 10 .

One end of the first circuit 1c is coupled to the power supply end of the charger 20, and the other end is coupled to the positive electrode of the battery 1a; the negative electrode of the battery 1a is coupled to the first controlled end 1h1 of the second switch 1h; the first controlled end of the first switch 1g is The terminal 1g1 is coupled with the positive pole of the battery 1a; the second controlled terminal 1g2 of the first switch 1g is coupled with the second controlled terminal 1h2 of the second switch 1h and the positive pole of the battery 1b; the third controlled terminal of the second switch 1h is coupled together The terminal 1h3 is coupled to the negative electrode of the battery 1b; one end of the voltage conversion circuit 1d is coupled to the power supply end of the charger 20, the other end is coupled to the positive electrode of the battery 1b, and the power supply end is coupled to the system power supply interface. The communication terminal of the first circuit 1c, the communication terminal of the voltage conversion circuit 1d, the control terminal of the first switch 1g, and the control terminal of the second switch 1h are respectively connected to the controller 1e in communication (eg, connected through an integrated circuit bus).

In an example, the first circuit 1c is a direct charging circuit, the voltage conversion circuit 1d is a Buck, and the controller 1e is an SoC. The controller 1e can control the first circuit 1c (direct charging circuit) to be turned on or off by sending a signal to the communication terminal of the first circuit 1c. The controller 1e can control the connection between the first controlled end 1g1 and the second controlled end 1g2 of the first switch 1g to be turned on or off by sending a signal to the control end 1g3 of the first switch 1g. The controller can also send a signal to the control terminal 1h4 of the second switch 1h to control the conduction between the first controlled terminal 1h1 and the second controlled terminal 1h2 of the second switch 1h, and the first controlled terminal 1h1 and the third controlled terminal 1h1. The controlled terminal 1h3 is turned off; or the first controlled terminal 1h1 and the second controlled terminal 1h2 of the second switch 1h are turned off, and the conduction between the first controlled terminal 1h1 and the third controlled terminal 1h3 Pass.

In an implementation manner, when charging the battery pack, the controller 1e determines that it is currently a charging process; the controller 1e controls the first circuit 1c to turn on; controls the first switch 1g to turn off; The first controlled end 1h1 and the second controlled end 1h2 are turned on, and the first controlled end 1h1 and the third controlled end 1h3 are turned off; in this way, the battery 1a and the battery 1b are connected in series. The equivalent circuit diagram is shown in Figure 9. Exemplarily, when charging the battery pack, the current flow is as shown in FIG. 14 ; the first circuit 1c and the voltage conversion circuit 1d jointly charge the battery 1a and the battery 1b.

When the battery pack supplies power to the system, the controller 1e determines that it is currently in a discharging process; the controller 1e controls the first circuit 1c to turn off; controls the first switch 1g to turn on; and controls the first controlled end 1h1 of the second switch 1h to be connected to The second controlled end 1h2 is turned off, and the first controlled end 1h1 and the third controlled end 1h3 are turned on. The equivalent circuit diagram is shown in FIG. 15 , the battery 1a and the battery 1b are connected in parallel, and the power is supplied to the system through the voltage conversion circuit 1d.

FIG. 16 shows a schematic circuit diagram of an automatic switching charging and discharging provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 16, the first circuit is a direct charging circuit, and the voltage conversion circuit is Buck. The battery 1a and the battery 1b are respectively connected in series with a sampling resistor. It can be understood that, in other examples, the circuit may not include a sampling resistor.

When the battery pack is charged, the direct charging circuit 1c is turned on, the first switch 1g is turned off, the first controlled end 1h1 and the second controlled end 1h2 of the second switch 1h are connected, and the first controlled end 1h1 and the second controlled end 1h2 are connected. The third controlled terminal 1h3 is turned off; the battery 1a and the battery 1b are connected in series. The current flow is shown in Figure 17. For example, the input voltage of the charging interface (charger supply voltage) is 10v, the output voltage V _out1 of the direct charging circuit 1c is 10v, and the charging current flowing through the battery 1a through the direct charging circuit 1c is I _bat1 . Buck performs step-down conversion on the power supply voltage of the charger, and the output voltage is 5v, that is, the voltage of the negative electrode of the battery 1a is 5v; the output current of the Buck is I _out . In this way, the charging current of the battery 1b is I _bat1 +I _out = I _bat2 . The voltage of the positive pole of the battery 1b is equal to the Buck output voltage, which is 5v; the negative pole of the battery 1b is grounded, and the voltage is 0v. In this circuit connection mode, the battery 1a and the battery 1b are connected in series, and the direct charging circuit 1c and the Buck1d jointly charge the battery 1a and the battery 1b, so that the charging current value of the battery 1a / the charging current value of the battery 1b = the capacity of the battery 1a / the battery 1b capacity, battery 1a and battery 1b can be fully charged at the same time.

When the battery pack supplies power to the system, the direct charging circuit 1c is turned off, the first switch 1g is turned on, the first controlled end 1h1 and the second controlled end 1h2 of the second switch 1h are turned off, and the first controlled end Conduction between 1h1 and the third controlled terminal 1h3; battery 1a and battery 1b are connected in parallel. The current flow is shown in Figure 18. The voltage difference between the positive and negative electrodes of a single battery is 5v, that is, the positive voltages of battery 1a and battery 1b are both 5v; the output current of battery 1a is I _bat1 , the output current of battery 1b is I _bat2 , and the current The current passing through the Buck is I _bat1 +I _bat2 , that is, the power supply current supplied by the battery 1a and the battery 1b to the system is I _bat1 + I _bat2 . The input voltage of the Buck is 5v, and the output voltage (the rated power supply voltage of the system) is also 5v, which avoids the loss of efficiency caused by power conversion and the waste of battery capacity.

In one example, FIG. 19 shows a specific implementation of the first switch. When the battery pack is charged, the SoC sends a high-level control signal to the first switch, and the drive level outputs a high-level, which is paired with the top double N-type metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET, MOS tube for short) is turned on, that is, the first switch is turned on. When the battery pack supplies power to the system, the SoC sends a low level control signal to the first switch, the drive level outputs a low level, and the dual N-type MOS transistors on the top are turned off, that is, the first switch is turned off.

In one example, Figure 20 shows a specific implementation of the second switch. When the battery pack is charged, the SoC sends a high-level control signal to the second switch, the drive level outputs a high level, the MOS tube 1 is turned off, and the MOS tube 2 is turned on; that is, the first controlled end 1h1 and the second controlled end The terminals 1h2 are turned on, and the first controlled terminal 1h1 and the third controlled terminal 1h3 are turned off. When the battery pack supplies power to the system, the SoC sends a low-level control signal to the second switch, the drive level outputs a low level, MOS tube 1 is turned on, and MOS tube 2 is turned off; that is, the first controlled terminal 1h1 and the second The controlled end 1h2 is turned off, and the first controlled end 1h1 and the third controlled end 1h3 are turned on.

Exemplarily, in the process of charging the battery pack and supplying power to the system from the battery pack, the voltage changes of each terminal are shown in Table 1.

Table 1

Exemplarily, FIG. 21 shows a schematic flowchart of a method for automatically switching a charging and discharging circuit, which can be applied to the circuit shown in FIG. 13 . As shown in Figure 21, the method includes:

S2101, a charging interface of the electronic device is coupled with a charger.

The battery pack of the electronic device includes a first battery and a second battery. The capacity of the first battery is a first value, and the capacity of the second battery is a second value, and the first value is smaller than the second value. For example, the first battery is the aforementioned battery 1a, and the second battery is the aforementioned battery 1b.

The controller determines that the charging interface of the electronic device is coupled with the charger, and enters into the process of charging the battery pack.

S2102, the controller controls the first circuit to be turned on; controls the first switch to turn off; controls the conduction between the first controlled end and the second controlled end of the second switch, and the first controlled end and the third controlled end off between.

For example, the first circuit is a direct charging circuit, the first switch is shown in FIG. 19 , and the second switch is shown in FIG. 20 . The controller communicates with the communication end of the first circuit through the IIC communication protocol to control the conduction of the first circuit. The controller communicates with the control end of the first switch through the IIC communication protocol, and controls the first switch to be turned off. The controller communicates with the control terminal of the second switch through the IIC communication protocol, and controls the conduction between the first controlled terminal and the second controlled terminal of the second switch, and between the first controlled terminal and the third controlled terminal. off. In this way, battery one and battery two are connected in series.

S2103, the first battery and the second battery are connected in series; the first circuit charges the first battery, and the first circuit and the voltage conversion circuit jointly charge the second battery.

In an implementation manner, the method shown in FIG. 11 can be used to charge the first battery and the second battery. Exemplarily, the current flow is shown in FIG. 17 .

S2104, the charging interface of the electronic device is disconnected from the charger.

The controller determines that the charging interface of the electronic device is disconnected from the charger, and determines that the battery pack supplies power to the system.

S2105. The controller controls the first circuit to be turned off; controls the first switch to be turned on; controls the disconnection between the first controlled end and the second controlled end of the second switch, and the first controlled end and the third controlled end conduction between.

For example, the first circuit is a direct charging circuit, the first switch is shown in FIG. 19 , and the second switch is shown in FIG. 20 . The controller communicates with the communication end of the first circuit through the IIC communication protocol, and controls the first circuit to be turned off. The controller communicates with the control terminal of the first switch through the IIC communication protocol to control the conduction of the first switch. The controller communicates with the control terminal of the second switch through the IIC communication protocol, and controls the disconnection between the first controlled terminal and the second controlled terminal of the second switch, and the connection between the first controlled terminal and the third controlled terminal. on. In this way, battery one and battery two are connected in parallel.

S2106, the first battery and the second battery supply power to the system in parallel.

Exemplarily, the current flow is shown in FIG. 18 .

In some embodiments, when the charging interface of the electronic device is coupled with the charger, part of the power supply current of the charger can be used to charge the battery pack of the electronic device, and part of it can be used to supply power to the system of the electronic device, so as to ensure the normal operation of the electronic device run.

In an example, the charger 20 is connected to the charging interface of the electronic device 10, the controller 1e determines that it is currently in the charging process, controls the first circuit 1c to turn on, controls the first switch 1g to turn off; and controls the second switch 1h The first controlled end 1h1 and the second controlled end 1h2 of the battery are turned on, and the first controlled end 1h1 and the third controlled end 1h3 are turned off; in this way, the battery 1a and the battery 1b are connected in series. Exemplarily, the equivalent circuit is shown in FIG. 22 . The first circuit 1c performs voltage conversion on the power supply voltage of the charger 20, and outputs the charging current I _bat1 to the battery 1a. The voltage conversion circuit 1d performs voltage conversion on the power supply voltage of the charger 20, and a part of the output current I _out and the charging current I _bat1 of the battery 1a are jointly input to the battery 1b to charge the battery 1b; the other part of the output current supplies power to the system. In this embodiment, the system is powered by the charger 20 through the Buck of the electronic device 10 , rather than by the battery pack of the electronic device 10 .

The embodiment of the present application also provides a fuel gauge, which can be applied to a circuit in which multiple batteries are connected in series or a circuit in which multiple batteries are connected in parallel. The electricity meter may be a part of the electronic device 10 , for example, the electricity meter is the power management module 140 in FIG. 3 , or it may be an independent electronic device. The embodiments and drawings of the present application take the electricity meter as an example of a power management chip for example.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 23 , when charging battery 1a and battery 1b, battery 1a and battery 1b are connected in series; the negative electrode of battery 1a and the positive electrode of battery 1b are coupled, and the negative electrode of battery 1b is grounded. When the battery 1a and the battery 1b supply power to the outside, the battery 1a and the battery 1b are connected in parallel; the negative electrode of the battery 1a is grounded, and the negative electrode of the battery 1b is grounded. For example, the battery 1a and the battery 1b are connected in the circuit shown in FIG. 13 . The fuel gauge 30 is used to measure the voltage of the battery 1a and the voltage of the battery 1b. The fuel gauge 30 includes pins Pv1, Pv2, Pv3 and Pgnd. The pin Pv1 is coupled with the positive electrode of the battery 1a to collect the voltage value of the positive electrode of the battery 1a; the pin Pv2 is coupled with the negative electrode of the battery 1a to collect the voltage value of the negative electrode of the battery 1a; the pin Pv3 is coupled with the positive electrode of the battery 1b, It is used to collect the voltage value of the positive electrode of the battery 1b; the pin Pgnd is grounded, that is, the pin Pgnd is coupled with the negative electrode of the battery 1b, and the voltage value is 0v. The fuel gauge 30 can obtain the voltage of the battery 1a through pins Pv1 and Pv2 (ie the voltage difference between the positive and negative poles of the battery 1a), and can obtain the voltage of the battery 1b through the pin Pv3 (ie the voltage between the positive and negative poles of the battery 1b ) Difference).

In one implementation, as shown in FIG. 24 , the fuel gauge 30 includes a chip 31 , a chip 32 and a differential amplifier (differential amplifier circuit) 33 . The positive input terminal of the differential amplifier 33 is connected to the pin Pv1, and the negative input terminal of the differential amplifier 33 is connected to the pin Pv2. The differential amplifier 33 includes an operational amplifier 331, a resistor 332, a resistor 333, a resistor 334 and a resistor 335; the differential amplifier The positive input end of 33 is connected to one end of the resistor 332 and the power supply end of the operational amplifier 331; the other end of the resistor 332 is connected to the positive input end of the operational amplifier 331 and one end of the resistor 333; the other end of the resistor 333 is connected to the output of the operational amplifier 331 The negative input end of the differential amplifier 33 is connected to one end of the resistor 334, and the other end of the resistor 334 is connected to the negative input end of the operational amplifier 331 and one end of the resistor 335; the other end of the resistor 335 is connected to the ground end of the operational amplifier 331; 332, resistor 333, resistor 334 and resistor 335 have equal resistance values, so that the output value of the output terminal of the differential amplifier 33 = the voltage value collected by the pin Pv1 - the voltage value collected by the pin Pv2 = the voltage of the battery 1a. In one example, chip 31 and chip 32 are the same chip, such as a power management chip (fuel gauge). The chip 31 and the chip 32 respectively include a plurality of pins (or referred to as pins, etc.). Exemplarily, the chip 31 and the chip 32 respectively include the pin Picv. The pin Picv of the chip 31 is connected to the output end of the differential amplifier 33; the chip 31 obtains the voltage of the battery 1a through the voltage value collected by the pin Picv; that is, the voltage value collected by the pin Picv of the chip 31 = the The value output by the output terminal = the voltage of the battery 1a. The pin Picv of the chip 32 is connected to the pin Pv3 of the fuel gauge 30; the chip 32 obtains the voltage of the battery 1b through the voltage value collected by the pin Picv; that is, the voltage value collected by the pin Picv of the chip 32 = the voltage of the battery 1b.

Optionally, the chip 31 and the chip 32 further include a pin Pdata and a pin Pcl, which are used to communicate with other chips (such as SoC) through the IIC communication protocol. Optionally, the fuel gauge 30 may further include a pin Pdata and a pin Pcl (not shown in the figure), the pins Pdata of the chips 31 and 32 are both connected to the pin Pdata of the fuel gauge 30 , and the chips 31 and 32 The pins Pcl of the fuel gauge 30 are all connected with the pin Pcl of the fuel gauge 30; the pin Pdata and the pin Pcl of the fuel gauge 30 are connected to the integrated circuit bus of the electronic device 10, and the voltage of the battery 1a and the battery are reported to the controller 15 through the IIC communication protocol. 1b voltage.

In some embodiments, fuel gauge 30 is also used to measure the current through (input or output) battery 1a and the current through (input or output) battery 1b. Exemplarily, as shown in Figure 25, a sampling resistor R1 is connected in series with the battery 1a, and a sampling resistor R2 is connected in series with the battery 1b; it can be understood that the resistances of R1 and R2 are very small, and the voltage difference across the sampling resistors can be ignored. The fuel gauge 30 also includes pins Pi1, Pi2, Pi3 and Pi4; the pins Pi1 and Pi2 are respectively coupled to the two ends of the sampling resistor R1 for collecting the voltage value across the R1; the pins Pi3 and Pi4 are respectively coupled to the two ends of the sampling resistor R2. terminal, used to collect the voltage value across R2. The fuel gauge 30 can obtain the current through R1 through the voltage value at both ends of R1 and the resistance value of R1, that is, obtain the current through the battery 1a; the current through R2 can be obtained through the voltage value at both ends of R2 and the resistance value of R2, that is, obtain the current through R2. Current of battery 1b. It should be noted that, in the example of FIG. 25 , the fuel gauge 30 does not include the sampling resistors R1 and R2 . In practical applications, the sampling resistors R1 and R2 can also be set in the electricity meter 30 .

In an implementation manner, as shown in FIG. 26 , both the chip 31 and the chip 32 include a pin Pici1 and a pin Pici2. The pins Pici1 and Pici2 of the chip 31 are respectively connected to the pins Pi1 and Pi2 of the fuel gauge 30; the chip 31 collects the voltage value at both ends of R1 through the pins Pici1 and Pici2, and obtains the voltage value at both ends of R1 and the resistance value of R1 through the battery. 1a current. The pins Pici1 and Pici2 of the chip 32 are respectively connected to the pins Pi3 and Pi4 of the fuel gauge 30; the chip 32 collects the voltage value at both ends of R2 through the pins Pici1 and Pici2, and obtains the voltage value at both ends of R2 and the resistance value of R2 through the battery. 1b current.

Optionally, in an example, the pin Pdata and the pin Pcl of the fuel gauge 30 are connected to the integrated circuit bus of the electronic device 10, and report the current of the battery 1a and the current of the battery 1b to the controller 15 through the IIC communication protocol. Exemplarily, the fuel gauge 30 is the sampling circuit 16 in FIG. 6 , the pin Pdata and the pin Pcl are the communication terminals of the sampling circuit 16, and the fuel gauge 30 can be used to collect the value of the charging current I _bat1 of the battery 11 in real time, and send it to the battery 11. SoC report. Alternatively, the fuel gauge 30 is the sampling circuit 1f in FIG. 10 , the pin Pdata and the pin Pcl are the communication terminals of the sampling circuit 1f, the fuel gauge 30 can be used to collect the value of the charging current I _bat1 of the battery 1a in real time, and report it to the SoC .

In some embodiments, fuel gauge 30 is also used to measure the temperature of battery 1a as well as the temperature of battery 1b. Exemplarily, as shown in FIG. 27 , both the chip 31 and the chip 32 include pins Pt1 and Pt2, and the fuel gauge 30 further includes resistors R3, R4, R5 and R6; Pin Pdata), the other end is connected to the pin Pt2 of the chip 31; one end of R4 is connected to one end of the pin Pt2 of the R3 connection chip 31, and the other end is connected to the pin Pt1 of the chip 31; one end of R5 is connected to the negative electrode of the battery 1b (approximately considered to be grounded) , the other end is connected to the pin Pt2 of the chip 32 ; one end of R6 is connected to one end of the pin Pt2 of the R5 connection chip 32 , and the other end is connected to the pin Pt1 of the chip 32 . Among them, R3 and R5 are thermistors, such as NTC (negative temperature coefficient, negative temperature coefficient), R3 is set close to the battery 1a (for example, in the battery pack of the battery 1a), R5 is set close to the battery 1b The position ( For example, in the battery pack of battery 1b); in this way, R3 and R5 can change the resistance value with the change of battery temperature.

The pins Pt1 and Pt2 of the chip 31 collect the voltage values across the resistor R4 respectively to obtain the voltage difference across the resistor R4; one end of the resistor R3 is grounded, and the voltage value is 0V, and the pin Pt2 of the chip 31 collects the voltage at the other end of the resistor R3 value, obtain the voltage difference across the resistor R3; refer to Figure 27, the resistance value of R3 / the resistance value of R4 = the voltage difference across R3 / the voltage difference across R4, in this way, according to the voltage collected from pin Pt1 and pin Pt2 value and the resistance value of resistor R4, the current resistance value of R3 can be obtained. R3 is a thermistor, and the temperature value of R3 can be obtained according to the current resistance value of R3, that is, the temperature value of the battery 1a can be obtained. In the same way, the pins Pt1 and Pt2 of the chip 32 respectively collect the voltage values across the resistor R6 to obtain the voltage difference across the resistor R6; one end of the resistor R5 is grounded (the voltage difference across R2 is very small and can be ignored), and the voltage value is 0V, the pin Pt2 of the chip 32 collects the voltage value at the other end of the resistor R5, and obtains the voltage difference between the two ends of the resistor R5; in this way, according to the voltage value collected by the pin Pt1 and the pin Pt2 and the resistance value of the resistor R6, it can be obtained The current resistance value of R5, and the temperature value of R5 is obtained according to the current resistance value of R5, that is, the temperature value of the battery 1b is obtained.

Optionally, in an example, the pin Pdata and the pin Pcl of the fuel gauge 30 are connected to the integrated circuit bus of the electronic device 10, and the temperature value of the battery 1a and the temperature value of the battery 1b are reported to the controller 15 through the IIC communication protocol. .

In one example, chip 31 and chip 32 are the same power management chip, such as a fuel gauge.

Further, the power of the battery 1a can be calculated according to the voltage, current and temperature values of the battery 1a; the power of the battery 1b can be calculated according to the voltage, current and temperature values of the battery 1b.

Common methods for calculating battery capacity (or state of charge) are open circuit voltage (OCV) and coulometric methods.

The open-circuit voltage method is used to calculate the remaining capacity of the battery, which is generally obtained by looking up the corresponding relationship between the open-circuit voltage and the state of charge of the battery. Open circuit voltage is the battery voltage at which the battery is idle (neither charging nor discharging) for approximately half an hour. Battery voltage=OCV-IR, I is battery current, R is battery internal resistance. The voltage and current of the battery can be obtained through the fuel gauge, and the battery power can be obtained through the preset correspondence table between the open-circuit voltage and the state of charge. However, the larger I and R, the larger the difference between the battery voltage and the open circuit voltage OCV, and the larger the error in the estimated battery state of charge and battery capacity. That is to say, both the internal resistance of the battery and the load current will affect the measurement accuracy, and the internal resistance of the battery is more discrete with the influence of the above factors. Under different loads, temperatures and aging states of the battery, the corresponding relationship between the battery open circuit voltage and the state of charge will also change. Therefore, in practical applications, the battery voltage and the corresponding relationship between the battery open circuit voltage and the state of charge are usually corrected according to the actual load, current current value and temperature value of the battery to obtain a more accurate battery power (or state of charge). ). For a specific implementation method, reference may be made to conventional practices in the prior art, which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

The coulomb measurement method, also known as the ampere-hour integration method, generally measures the current value of the battery being charged or discharged, and then integrates the charge current value or discharge current value against time (RTC) to obtain the number of coulombs charged or discharged. . This method can accurately calculate the real-time state of charge of the battery charging or discharging. The current remaining power RM and the full charging capacity FCC are calculated according to the previous remaining battery capacity. Therefore, the state of charge is calculated by using the remaining capacity RM and the full charge capacity FCC, that is, the state of charge=RM/FCC. In addition, it can also estimate the remaining time, such as time to exhaust (TTE) and time to full (TTF).

Taking the discharge process as an example, the measurement idea of the coulomb measurement method is to first obtain the maximum capacity of the battery at full charge, and then integrate the discharge current during the discharge process with time to obtain the discharge capacity. capacity.

But this method requires a full discharge cycle to learn to determine the maximum capacity of the battery. Theoretically, it is updated when the battery is fully discharged, but in practical applications, some battery capacity needs to be reserved due to the need to perform some operations such as shutdown. Therefore, the update is usually performed when the battery has 3% to 7% remaining. Taking 7% as an example, it means that the battery has discharged 93% of its capacity. At the same time, integrating the discharge current with time can obtain the discharged capacity mAh, and dividing it by 93% can obtain the full charge capacity of the battery.

Therefore, the key point in determining the full charge capacity is how to determine that the battery state of charge has reached 7%. It is generally determined by the battery voltage, and the battery voltage is related to the current, temperature, impedance and other factors at that time. We can define this voltage as the termination discharge voltage EDV, EDV=OCV-IR. Generally, when the temperature and current are constant, and the internal resistance of the battery is not much different, the EDV is basically constant. However, in practical applications, the load current, temperature, etc. may change, so the EDV when the state of charge is 7% is different, so it is necessary to compensate according to the load current and temperature of the battery.

In addition, there may be deviations in the calculation of the amount of electricity using the coulomb measurement method.

The main reasons for the accuracy deviation caused by using the Coulomb measurement method are as follows:

The first is the accumulation of bias in current monitoring and ADC measurements (the fuel gauge picks up the current through the pins). Any precision ADC has the problem of accuracy, which will cause the accumulation of this error under long-term operation. If it has not been eliminated, it will cause a large deviation. To eliminate this accumulated error, there are 3 possible time points in normal battery operation: end of charge (EOC), end of discharge (EOD) and rest (RELAX). End of charge means that the battery is fully charged and the battery's state of charge is 100%. The end of discharge indicates that the battery is fully discharged and the state of charge of the battery is 0%. The charging end state and the discharging end state can generally be represented by the voltage and current of the battery. For example, the conditions for satisfying the charging end state are generally that the battery voltage is greater than a certain value and the current charging current is less than the cut-off current. Reaching the rest state means that there is no charge and no discharge, which is also called the light load state; generally, if this state is maintained for more than half an hour, the battery voltage at this time is similar to the open circuit voltage of the battery.

The second reason is the error caused by the full charge of the battery, which is mainly the difference between the designed capacity value of the battery and the real battery capacity of the battery. And the full power is also affected by factors such as battery temperature, aging and load, and needs to be compensated according to the load current and temperature of the battery.

In addition, the power calculation can also be performed by methods such as dynamic voltage method and impedance tracking method. In practical applications, the battery power can be calculated using methods that can be obtained in conventional technologies. All in all, to accurately calculate the power of the battery, it is necessary to accurately obtain the voltage, current and temperature values of the battery.

The fuel gauge provided by the embodiment of the present application can not only be used to accurately measure the voltage value, current value and temperature value of the two batteries when the two batteries are charged in series; it can also be used to accurately measure the voltage value, the current value and the temperature value of the two batteries when the two batteries are discharged in parallel. The voltage value, current value and temperature value of the two batteries. Regardless of whether the circuit is switched to charging two batteries in series or switching to discharging two batteries in parallel, the real-time power of the two batteries can be accurately obtained; there is no need to change the connection between the fuel gauge and the battery, or to use other auxiliary means. In addition, the electricity meter provided by the embodiment of the present application can reuse the existing electricity meter (chip 31 and chip 32 ) for modification, which is simple in implementation and low in cost.

It should be noted that the fuel gauge 30 may also include more pins, such as an interrupt pin (int), etc., and more pins may be implemented in a conventional manner that can be obtained by those skilled in the art, which is not made in this embodiment of the present application. limited.

Exemplarily, FIG. 28 is a schematic diagram of a connection relationship when the fuel gauge 30 is used to measure the power of the battery pack in the circuit shown in FIG. 13 . As shown in FIG. 28 , the first controlled terminal 1g1 of the first switch 1g is coupled to the positive electrode of the battery 1a and the pin Pv1 of the fuel gauge 30 (positive input end of the differential amplifier 33 ); the negative electrode of the battery 1a is coupled to the fuel gauge 30 The pin Pv2 of 30 (the negative input of the differential amplifier 33) and the pin Pi1 of the fuel gauge 30 (the pin Pici1 of the chip 31) are coupled together; the pin Pi2 of the fuel gauge 30 (the pin Pici2 of the chip 31) is coupled with the The first controlled end 1h1 of the second switch 1h is coupled; the resistor R1 is connected between the first controlled end 1h1 of the second switch 1h and the negative electrode of the battery 1a.

The second controlled terminal 1g2 of the first switch 1g is coupled with the second controlled terminal 1h2 of the second switch 1h, the positive electrode of the battery 1b and the pin Pv3 of the fuel gauge 30 (the pin Picv of the chip 32 ); the battery 1b The negative pole of the power meter 30 is coupled to the pin Pi3 of the fuel gauge 30 (the pin Pici1 of the chip 32); the third controlled terminal 1h3 of the second switch 1h is connected to the pin Pi4 of the fuel gauge 30 (the pin Pici2 of the chip 32) and the fuel gauge Pin Pgnd of 30 is coupled and grounded; resistor R2 is connected between the negative terminal of battery 1b and ground.

When the first switch 1g is turned off, the first controlled end 1h1 and the second controlled end 1h2 of the second switch 1h are turned on, and the first controlled end 1h1 and the third controlled end 1h3 are turned off; thus , battery 1a and battery 1b are connected in series.

When the first switch 1g is turned on, the first controlled end 1h1 and the second controlled end 1h2 of the second switch 1h are turned off, and the first controlled end 1h1 and the third controlled end 1h3 are turned on; thus , the battery 1a and the battery 1b are connected in parallel.

The fuel gauge 30 can be used to measure the power of the battery 1a and the battery 1b when the battery 1a and the battery 1b are connected in series, and can also be used to measure the power of the battery 1a and the battery 1b when the battery 1a and the battery 1b are connected in parallel.

As shown in FIG. 29 , an embodiment of the present application further provides a chip system. The chip system 40 includes at least one processor 401 and at least one interface circuit 402 . At least one processor 401 and at least one interface circuit 402 may be interconnected by wires. The processor 401 is used to support the electronic device to implement various functions or steps in the above method embodiments, and at least one interface circuit 402 can be used to receive signals from other devices (eg, memory), or send signals to other devices (eg, communication interfaces). The chip system may include chips, and may also include other discrete devices.

Embodiments of the present application further provide a computer-readable storage medium, where the computer-readable storage medium includes instructions, when the instructions are executed on the electronic device, the electronic device is made to perform each function or step in the foregoing method embodiments, such as executing The method shown in FIG. 8 , FIG. 11 or FIG. 21 .

The embodiments of the present application further provide a computer program product including instructions, when the instructions are executed on the above electronic device, the electronic device is made to perform each function or step in the above method embodiment, for example, execute FIG. 8 , FIG. 11 or FIG. 21 method shown.

Regarding the technical effects of the chip system, the computer-readable storage medium, and the computer program product, refer to the technical effects of the foregoing method embodiments.

It should be understood that, in various embodiments of the present application, the size of the sequence numbers of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the sequence of execution, and the execution sequence of each process should be determined by its functions and internal logic, and should not be dealt with in the embodiments of the present application. implementation constitutes any limitation.

Those of ordinary skill in the art can realize that the modules and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality using different methods for each particular application, but such implementations should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working process of the above-described systems, devices and modules may refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices and methods may be implemented in other manners. For example, the device embodiments described above are only illustrative. For example, the division of the modules is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple modules or components may be combined or May be integrated into another device, or some features may be omitted, or not implemented. On the other hand, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or modules, and may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.

The modules described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and components shown as modules may or may not be physical modules, that is, may be located in one device, or may be distributed to multiple devices. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution in this embodiment.

In addition, each functional module in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated in one device, or each module may exist physically alone, or two or more modules may be integrated in one device.

In the above-mentioned embodiments, it may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof. When implemented using a software program, it can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on the computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of the present application are generated. The computer may be a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions may be stored in or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium, for example, the computer instructions may be downloaded from a website site, computer, server, or data center Transmission to another website site, computer, server or data center via wired (eg coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line, DSL) or wireless (eg infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or data storage devices including one or more servers, data centers, etc. that can be integrated with the medium. The usable media may be magnetic media (eg, floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes), optical media (eg, DVDs), or semiconductor media (eg, solid state disks (SSDs)), and the like.

The above are only specific embodiments of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited to this. should be covered within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (15)

1. A charging circuit, comprising: a first circuit and a second circuit; the first circuit and the second circuit are used for charging a battery pack; the battery pack comprises a first battery and a second battery, and the first battery and the second battery are connected in series; the capacity of the first battery is a first value, the capacity of the second battery is a second value, and the first value is smaller than the second value; one end of the first circuit is coupled with a power supply end of a charger, and the other end of the first circuit is coupled with the anode of the first battery; the second circuit is connected with the first battery in parallel;

the first circuit is used for inputting a first charging current to the first battery; a first charging current of the first battery is output to the second battery;

the second circuit is used for inputting a second charging current to the second battery;

the ratio of a first charging current input to the first battery to a third charging current input to the second battery is equal to the ratio of the first value to the second value; wherein the third charging current is a sum of the first charging current and the second charging current.

2. The charging circuit of claim 1, wherein the second circuit in parallel with the first battery comprises:

one end of the second circuit is coupled with the anode of the first battery, and the other end of the second circuit is coupled with the cathode of the first battery.

3. The charging circuit of claim 1, wherein the second circuit in parallel with the first battery comprises:

one end of the second circuit is coupled with the power supply end of the charger, and the other end of the second circuit is coupled with the negative electrode of the first battery.

4. The charging circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the value of the first charging current is a first current value; the value of the second charging current is a second current value; the charging circuit further comprises a controller that is,

the controller is configured to send the first current value to the first circuit; and further configured to send the second current value to the second circuit.

5. The charging circuit of claim 4, further comprising a sampling circuit, one end of the sampling circuit being coupled to the negative pole of the first battery, the other end of the sampling circuit being coupled to an output of the second circuit, the sampling circuit being communicatively coupled to the first circuit via the controller;

the sampling circuit is used for detecting a detection value of the first charging current;

the first circuit is further configured to adjust an output current according to the detected value of the first charging current and the first current value, so that the value of the first charging current is the first current value.

6. The charging circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the value of the first charging current is a first current value, the charging circuit further comprising a controller and a sampling circuit, one end of the sampling circuit being coupled to the negative electrode of the first battery, the other end of the sampling circuit being coupled to the output of the second circuit;

the sampling circuit is used for detecting a detection value of the first charging current;

the sampling circuit is further used for sending a detection value of the first charging current to the controller;

the controller is configured to control the first circuit to adjust the output current according to the detected value of the first charging current and the first current value, so that the value of the first charging current is the first current value.

7. The charging circuit of any one of claims 1-3, wherein the first circuit is a direct charging circuit or a boost circuit, and the second circuit is a buck circuit.

8. A charging method is applied to a charging circuit, and the charging circuit comprises a first circuit and a second circuit; the first circuit and the second circuit are used for charging a battery pack; the battery pack comprises a first battery and a second battery, and the first battery and the second battery are connected in series; the capacity of the first battery is a first value, the capacity of the second battery is a second value, and the first value is smaller than the second value; one end of the first circuit is coupled with a power supply end of a charger, and the other end of the first circuit is coupled with the anode of the first battery; the second circuit is connected with the first battery in parallel; characterized in that the method comprises:

the first circuit inputs a first charging current to the first battery; a first charging current of the first battery is output to the second battery;

the second circuit inputs a second charging current to the second battery;

wherein a ratio of a first charging current input to the first battery to a third charging current input to the second battery is equal to a ratio of the first value to the second value; wherein the third charging current is a sum of the first charging current and the second charging current.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein the second circuit has one end coupled to a positive pole of the first battery and another end coupled to a negative pole of the first battery,

the first circuit inputting a first charging current to the first battery includes:

the first circuit receives a power supply current of the charger and outputs a first output current; the first output current comprises the first charging current and a second output current;

the second circuit inputting a second charging current to the second battery includes:

the second circuit receives the second output current and outputs the second charging current.

10. The method of claim 8, wherein the second circuit has one end coupled to a power supply terminal of a charger and another end coupled to a negative terminal of the first battery,

the first circuit inputting a first charging current to the first battery includes:

the first circuit receives a first power supply current of a charger and outputs the first charging current;

the second circuit inputting a second charging current to the second battery includes:

the second circuit receives a second supply current of the charger and outputs the second charging current.

11. The method of any of claims 8-10, wherein the first charging current has a first current value and the second charging current has a second current value, the charging circuit further comprising a controller, the method further comprising:

the controller sends the first current value to the first circuit and the second current value to the second circuit.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein the charging circuit further comprises a sampling circuit, one end of the sampling circuit being coupled to a negative pole of the first battery, the other end of the sampling circuit being coupled to an output of the second circuit, the method further comprising:

the sampling circuit detects a detection value of the first charging current and sends the detection value of the first charging current to the controller;

the controller controls the first circuit to regulate the output current according to the detection value of the first charging current and the first current value, so that the value of the first charging current is the first current value.

13. A charging method is applied to a charging circuit, and the charging circuit comprises a first circuit, a second circuit and a controller; the first circuit and the second circuit are used for charging a battery pack; the battery pack comprises a first battery and a second battery, and the first battery and the second battery are connected in series; the capacity of the first battery is a first value, the capacity of the second battery is a second value, and the first value is smaller than the second value; one end of the first circuit is coupled with a power supply end of a charger, and the other end of the first circuit is coupled with the anode of the first battery; the second circuit is connected with the first battery in parallel; characterized in that the method comprises:

the controller sends a first current value to the first circuit and a second current value to the second circuit;

the first circuit inputs a first charging current to the first battery; a first charging current of the first battery is output to the second battery; the value of the first charging current is the first current value;

the second circuit inputs a second charging current to the second battery; the value of the second charging current is the second current value;

wherein a value of a third charging current input to the second battery is a third current value, and the third current value is a sum of the first current value and the second current value; a ratio of the first current value to the third current value is equal to a ratio of the first value to the second value.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein the charging circuit further comprises a sampling circuit, one end of the sampling circuit being coupled to the negative pole of the first battery, the other end of the sampling circuit being coupled to an output of the second circuit, the method further comprising:

the sampling circuit detects the detection value of the first charging current and sends the detection value of the first charging current to the controller;

the controller controls the first circuit to regulate the output current according to the detection value of the first charging current and the first current value, so that the value of the first charging current is the first current value.

15. An electronic device, characterized in that it comprises a charging circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 7 and said battery pack.

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