CN114626682A - An urban bus network planning method considering agglomeration areas - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a city public transport network planning method considering a gathering area. The invention comprises the following steps: initializing an index of a city bus network; counting urban personnel gathering area data based on a public transportation big data system; urban personnel gathering area data comprising gathering area population number, area importance, gathering and distributing areas and transportation hubs; calculating aggregate area particles according to the urban personnel aggregate area data; calculating bus stops and bus route trends associated with the urban personnel gathering area according to the mass points in the gathering area; optimizing urban public transport network indexes through the directions of bus stops and bus lines to obtain optimal urban public transport network indexes; and determining the urban public transport network planning according to the optimal urban public transport network index. The invention solves the problems of incomplete line coverage, inconvenient riding and transfer of residents, high operation cost of public transport network and the like caused by unscientific and unreasonable arrangement of bus stops and lines due to the fact that the urban population living dynamics is not mastered in the prior art.

Description

An urban bus network planning method considering agglomeration areas

technical field

The invention relates to an urban bus line network intelligent planning technology, in particular to an urban bus line network planning method considering agglomeration areas, and belongs to the technical field of public transportation.

Background technique

With the continuous upgrading of informatization construction, higher requirements are put forward for the intelligentization and automation of basic information construction in all aspects of urban public transportation. As a key component of bus operation, a scientific and reasonable line network can most effectively ensure the safety and convenience of public travel, save bus operating costs, and ensure effective guidance and supervision by the traffic supervision department. How to carry out the network planning scientifically and reasonably is an indispensable element for the effective management of a city's bus lines.

The purpose of bus operation is to facilitate the daily travel needs of the large-capacity public. With the continuous development of urban scale, the dynamic characteristics of urban population living are more and more frequent, and the newly opened communities, population migration, and the flow of foreign personnel are constantly testing the rationality and scientificity of the bus network. If the site is unreasonable and unscientific, it will lead to excessively long lines and increase operating costs; if the line network density is too high or too low, it will increase non-vehicle travel time. How to adjust, extend, and modify the line also tests the planning and management capabilities of the bus operation supervision unit.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to aim at the above-mentioned problems with the continuous development of the city scale, the dynamic characteristics of urban population living more and more frequently, the opening of new communities, population migration, and the flow of foreign personnel, scientifically and rationally set bus stops and The direction of the bus line is to achieve the effect of reducing operating costs and facilitating the travel of residents.

For achieving the above object, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:

An urban bus network planning method considering agglomeration areas, including:

Initialize the city bus network indicators;

Based on the public transportation big data system, statistics of urban personnel gathering area data; the urban personnel gathering area data, including: the population of the gathering area, the importance of the area, the distribution center, and the transportation hub;

Calculate the mass points of the gathering area according to the data of the urban people gathering area;

According to the mass points in the gathering area, calculate the bus stops and bus routes associated with the urban people gathering area;

According to the bus station and bus line direction, optimize the urban bus line network index to obtain the optimal urban bus line network index;

The urban bus network planning is determined according to the optimal urban bus network index.

Further, the urban bus line network indicators include: total bus line network length, operating road network length, average bus line length, straight line coefficient, bus line network density, total line flow during peak hours, total number of direct passengers, and direct traffic. rate, one-time transfer rate, vehicle ownership rate and network coverage rate.

Further, the calculation of the mass points in the gathering area according to the urban personnel gathering area data includes:

The particles in the aggregation region are obtained by formula (1);

In the formula, M represents the mass point of the gathering area, m ₁ represents the number of residents, m ₂ represents the regional importance, m ₃ represents the distribution center, m ₄ represents the transportation hub, w represents the weighting coefficient, and i is a constant not less than 1.

Further, according to the mass points in the gathering area, calculating the bus stops and bus routes associated with the urban personnel gathering area, including:

The particle radius r of the gathering area is obtained by formula (2);

In the formula, G is a constant; m is the public transport vehicle passing through the urban population gathering area. In the calculation, m and F are set as fixed values.

Further, according to the particle radius r of the gathering area, the bus stops and bus routes associated with the urban personnel gathering area are determined.

Further, determining the bus stop and bus line direction associated with the urban personnel gathering area according to the particle radius r of the gathering area includes: drawing a circle with each gathering area particle M as the center and r as the radius; The tangent lines of the circles are connected to form the direction of the bus line; the tangent point between the circle and the tangent line is the bus stop.

Further, the urban personnel gathering area data also includes any one or more of: the average age m ₅ of residents, the frequency of personnel flow m ₆ , and the average income level m ₇ of residents.

The present invention considers the urban bus network planning method of the gathering area, and has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

1) The present invention can statistically analyze the dynamic changes of population living in urban agglomeration areas according to the big data information of public transportation, and formulate scientific and reasonable public transportation scheduling plans in time.

2) The present invention can scientifically determine the station and the route direction, ensure that the station fully covers the key areas of the city, is reasonable and convenient, and effectively diverts the source of public tourists.

3) The present invention can optimize the urban bus line network, provide the optimal bus line and line network density strategy, improve the travel accessibility of passengers, shorten the travel time for bus travelers to reach the destination, and reduce the operating cost of bus companies.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the urban bus network planning method considering the gathering area of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the method for calculating the bus stops and bus routes associated with the urban population gathering area in the present invention.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further described:

As shown in FIG. 1 , the present embodiment discloses a method for planning an urban bus network that considers agglomeration areas, including:

101. Initialize the indicators of the urban bus network;

Specifically, the indicators of urban bus line network include: total length of bus line network, length of operating road network, average length of bus line, straight line coefficient, bus line network density, total line flow during peak hours, total number of direct passengers, and direct rate. , one-time transfer rate, vehicle ownership rate and network coverage rate. The city bus network indicators are shown in Table 1:

Table 1

When evaluating the indicators of urban bus line network, it is necessary to consider many factors such as the convenience of passengers, the interval time between bus departures, the balance of the density of the line network, the full load rate of the road section, and the repetition rate of the line.

From the social and economic aspects, it is necessary to consider adapting to social needs, meeting passenger requirements, and bringing more public transport benefits.

In terms of direct access rate, it is necessary to consider changing stations and routes to fill in the original bus blank area, and try to make it easier for residents to get on and off the bus at the door of their homes. As a result, both the direct rate and the total number of direct passengers have increased.

In terms of transfer rate, if the direct rate increases, the transfer rate will decrease accordingly.

From the perspective of the total length of the bus network, making up for the blank area of the bus will lead to an increase in the total length of the bus network, but through scientific and reasonable settings, the economic benefits will increase instead, and it will meet the needs of society.

102. Based on the public transportation big data system, collect statistics on the area data of urban personnel gathering; the data on the gathering area of urban personnel, including: the population of the gathering area, the importance of the area, the distribution center, and the transportation hub;

Specifically, the application of the bus big data system in the urban bus network is mainly based on the collected passenger flow data of routes, stations, and bus boarding and disembarking, combined with bus station traffic data, IC card swiping data, coin slot machines and passenger flow surveys The data collected by the device is analyzed by using big data technology to diagnose roads that do not completely cover the line, and combined with information such as urban road conditions, planning and development, and line capacity allocation, to assist in the layout optimization and adjustment of lines and stations; Evaluate the implementation effects of plans such as canceling, extending, shortening, and adjusting the direction of lines to evaluate the balance of passenger flow, coordination between lines, and balance of supply and demand of facilities; analyze urban travel population distribution, travel characteristics, passenger flow gathering and scattering points, and peak station cross-sections Passenger flow, passenger flow corridors, etc., establish a travel factor model that affects passengers, and push personalized travel services for passengers with different travel characteristics.

When collecting regional data of urban people, it can coordinate the connection with the relevant database systems of government administrative departments and public security departments, and call relevant data, so as to more accurately grasp the situation of urban residents and their living conditions. The key data of urban population gathering areas that need to be counted, including the number of population in the gathering area, the importance of the area, the distribution center, and the transportation hub.

103. Calculate the mass points of the gathering area according to the data of the urban personnel gathering area;

Specifically, the aggregated area particles are obtained by formula (1);

In the formula, M represents the mass point of the gathering area, m ₁ represents the number of residents, m ₂ represents the regional importance, m ₃ represents the distribution center, m ₄ represents the transportation hub, w represents the weighting coefficient, and i is a constant not less than 1.

Further, in order to more accurately determine the mass points in the aggregation area, elements can be added, and corresponding weighting coefficients can be configured, for example: increase the average age of residents in the element m ₅ and the corresponding weighting coefficient w ₅ , or increase the flow frequency of the element personnel m ₆ and the corresponding weighting coefficient w ₆ , increase the average income level m ₇ and the corresponding weighting coefficient w ₇ of the elements, and by adding the elements, the demand of the residents in the agglomeration area for taking public transportation can be more accurately analyzed.

104. According to the mass points in the gathering area, calculate the bus stops and bus routes associated with the urban population gathering area;

Specifically, as shown in Figure 2, the particle radius r of the gathering area is obtained by formula (2);

In the formula, G is a constant; m is the public transport vehicle passing through the urban population gathering area. In the calculation, m and F are set as fixed values.

Then, according to the particle radius r of the gathering area, determine the bus stops and bus routes associated with the urban people gathering area, including:

A circle is drawn with the mass point M of each gathering area as the center and r as the radius; the tangent lines of each circle are connected to form the bus route; the tangent point between the circle and the tangent is the bus stop. As shown in Fig. 2, in the gathering area M1, the radius r ₁ is determined by this method, the line and the circle are tangent to the point S1, and S1 is the set station. Similarly, the sites S2 and S3 of the aggregation areas M2 and M3 can be determined.

105. Through the bus stops and bus line directions, optimize the urban bus line network index and obtain the optimal urban bus line network index;

Specifically, the bus stops and bus lines calculated above are substituted into, and the urban bus line network index is recalculated. In order to obtain the optimally calculated urban bus line network index more accurately, steps 103 to 105 may be repeated to obtain the optimal urban bus line network index by selecting the optimal bus stops and bus lines.

106. Determine the urban bus network planning according to the optimal urban bus network index.

Specifically, the urban bus line network planning determined by the optimal urban bus line network index can fully meet the following main requirements: first, the line covers comprehensive, easy transfer, and no detours; second, the line network is concise and easy to implement; The third is the high frequency of departures; the fourth is the high economy of the bus network.

In addition, when determining the urban bus network planning based on the optimal urban bus network index, it is necessary to consider the overall urban construction planning, adjust the appropriate station settings according to the overall urban construction planning, and then re-adjust the routes according to the station settings.

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, but not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: The technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments can still be modified, or some or all of the technical features thereof can be equivalently replaced; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. scope.

Claims (7)

1. an urban bus network planning method considering a gathering area, is characterized in that, comprising: Initialize the city bus network indicators; Based on the public transportation big data system, statistics of urban personnel gathering area data; the urban personnel gathering area data, including: the population of the gathering area, the importance of the area, the distribution center, and the transportation hub; Calculate the mass points of the gathering area according to the data of the urban people gathering area; According to the mass points in the gathering area, calculate the bus stops and bus routes associated with the urban people gathering area; According to the bus station and bus line direction, optimize the urban bus line network index to obtain the optimal urban bus line network index; The urban bus network planning is determined according to the optimal urban bus network index. 2. the urban bus network planning method considering gathering area as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, The urban bus line network indicators include: total bus line network length, operating road network length, average bus line length, linear coefficient, bus line network density, total line flow during peak hours, total number of direct passengers, direct rate, one-time Transfer rate, vehicle ownership rate and network coverage rate. 3. the urban bus network planning method considering gathering area as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, The calculation of the mass points in the gathering area according to the urban personnel gathering area data includes: The particles in the aggregation region are obtained by formula (1);

In the formula, M represents the mass point of the gathering area, m ₁ represents the number of residents, m ₂ represents the regional importance, m ₃ represents the distribution center, m ₄ represents the transportation hub, w represents the weighting coefficient, and i is a constant not less than 1. 4. the urban bus network planning method considering gathering area as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, The calculation of the bus stops and bus routes associated with the urban personnel gathering area according to the mass points in the gathering area, including: The particle radius r of the gathering area is obtained by formula (2);

In the formula, G is a constant; m is the public transport vehicle passing through the urban population gathering area. In the calculation, m and F are set as fixed values. 5 . The urban bus network planning method considering the gathering area according to claim 4 , wherein the bus stops and bus line directions associated with the urban people gathering area are determined according to the particle radius r of the gathering area. 6 . 6. The urban bus network planning method considering a gathering area as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that, according to the particle radius r of the gathering area, the bus stops and bus routes associated with the urban personnel gathering area are determined, include: Draw a circle with the mass point M of each gathering area as the center and r as the radius; Take the tangents of each of the circles and connect them to form the direction of the bus line; The tangent point between the circle and the tangent is the bus stop. 7. The method for planning an urban bus network considering a gathering area according to claim 3, wherein the urban personnel gathering area data further comprises: the average age of residents m ₅ , the frequency of personnel flow m ₆ , the average resident population Any one or more of income levels _m7 .

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