CN114603219A - Laser correction perpendicularity tapping device and tapping method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a tapping device and a tapping method for correcting verticality by laser. The tapping device for correcting verticality by laser comprises: a tapping chuck, including a hand-held body, a tapping-holding rod arranged at one end of the hand-held body in the axial direction, and a On the installation end of the other end of the hand-held body in the axial direction, the installation end is provided with a screw tapping installation hole, and the end face of the hand-held body facing the installation end is installed with a reflective lens; the clutch clamping body, one end is the clamping end, and the clamping end is provided with a clamping rod The other end of the mounting hole is provided with a chuck body; the other end of the laser is provided with a magnetic attraction surface, which is suitable for being adsorbed on the end face of the bottom hole to be tapped, and the other end of the laser is provided with a laser emission hole. The laser emitted by the laser in this embodiment is directed to the reflective lens, and the reflective lens reflects the light spot to the laser. By adjusting the tap chuck, the light spot coincides with the laser emitting hole, so that the axis of the tap chuck is aligned with the bottom of the thread to be tapped. The end face of the hole is vertical. In the absence of a working platform, the verticality of the end face of the bottom hole and the tap can be quickly found.

Description

Laser correction verticality tapping device and tapping method

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of tapping, in particular to a tapping device and a tapping method for laser correction verticality.

Background technique

During frame processing, in small batches or single-piece trial production and when the diameter of the screw hole is small, it is difficult for the thread of some parts to be processed in the CNC machining center due to the problem of the structural space of the component or the problem of the space angle. The large CNC machining center adopts manual lead tapping because the processing fixture accessories are not suitable for the requirements of the workpiece structure, or the diameter of the tapping thread is small, which is not suitable for large equipment processing.

However, for manual lead positioning and tapping, the positioning accuracy is related to the skills of the employees, and the positioning accuracy error is large. Generally, the verticality error can reach 1°-3°, which affects the accuracy of the bolt assembly.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The invention provides a laser-corrected verticality tapping device, which uses laser reflection to find the verticality and is suitable for tapping with a lead head at any angle, with stable tapping quality and wide application range.

The present invention also provides a tapping method.

A laser correction verticality tapping device according to the embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention includes:

A screw tap chuck includes a hand-held body, a screw-tap clamping rod arranged at one axial end of the handheld body, and an installation end arranged at the other axial end of the handheld body, wherein the installation end is provided with a screw-tap installation hole, A reflective lens is installed on the end face of the hand-held body facing the installation end;

The clutch clamping body, one end is a clamping end, the clamping end is provided with a clamping rod mounting hole, and the other end is provided with a chuck body;

The laser has a magnetic attraction surface at one end, which is suitable for being adsorbed on the end face of the bottom hole to be tapped. The other end of the laser is provided with a laser emission hole. The mirror reflects the light spot to the laser, and the tap chuck is adjusted so that the light spot coincides with the laser emitting hole, so that the axis of the tap chuck is perpendicular to the end face of the bottom hole to be tapped.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the axis of the laser emitting hole is perpendicular to the end face where the laser emitting hole is located.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the laser is further provided with a switch; the aperture of the laser emission hole is 0.5-1 mm.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the peripheral wall of the clamping rod installation hole is provided with a plurality of through holes arranged at intervals, and the clutch clamping body further includes a locking sleeve sleeved outside the clamping end, so The locking sleeve is provided with a locking sphere corresponding to the through hole one-to-one, the locking sphere is sandwiched between the locking sleeve and the through hole and partially extends into the clamping rod in the mounting hole;

A plurality of grooves arranged at intervals are arranged on the outer periphery of the screw tap clamping rod, and the grooves correspond to the locking spheres one-to-one.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, a limit ring is fixed on the outside of the port of the clamping end of the clutch clamping body, which is used to stop the locking sleeve.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the chuck body is provided with an axial through hole, a pair of clutch pressing plates are arranged in the axial through hole, the outer ring of the chuck body is provided with a clutch outer ring, and a pair of the clutch The outer periphery of the pressing plate is provided with a plurality of ball sockets, the inner wall of the axial through hole of the chuck body is provided with ball holes corresponding to the ball sockets one-to-one, and a ball hole is installed between the ball socket and the ball holes. Steel ball; the outer wall of the chuck body and the inner wall of the outer ring of the clutch are connected by a key and a keyway;

It also includes a screw rod and a pressure regulating spring, the screw rod is penetrated through a pair of the clutch pressure plates, the pressure regulating spring is sleeved on the screw rod, the screw rod extends out of the end of the collet body, and passes through the spring The pressure cover and the nut are fastened, and the pressure regulating spring is pressed between one of the clutch pressure plates and the spring pressure cover.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the end of the screw is abutted outside one of the clutch pressure plates adjacent to it.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the clamping end is integrally formed with the collet body.

A tapping method using the above-mentioned laser-corrected verticality tapping device according to the second aspect of the present invention includes:

Insert the chuck body of the clutch clamping body into the installation hole of the tapping machine;

Insert the tap into the tap mounting hole of the tap chuck;

Insert the tap clamping rod into the clamping rod mounting hole of the clutch clamping body and lock it tightly;

Hold the handheld body to adjust the position of the tapping machine so that the tapping is aligned with the bottom hole to be tapped;

Adsorb the laser to the side of the wire tap, and turn on the laser so that the laser emitted by the laser irradiates the reflective sheet and reflects the light spot to the laser, and adjust the wire tap chuck so that the light spot and the The laser emitting holes are coincident, so that the axis of the tap is perpendicular to the end face of the bottom hole to be tapped.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the tapping machine is mounted on a cart.

The laser correction verticality tapping device and tapping method provided by the embodiment of the present invention utilizes the laser emitted by the laser to shoot from the laser emission hole to the reflecting mirror, and the reflecting mirror reflects the light spot to the laser. The position of the tap chuck is such that the light spot coincides with the laser emission hole, and this position is the position where the tap axis is perpendicular to the end face of the bottom hole to be tapped. Since the tap and the tap chuck are coaxially arranged, In this position, the axis of the tap chuck is perpendicular to the end face of the bottom hole to be tapped. At this point, the tapping machine can be turned on for tapping. In the absence of a working platform, use a laser-corrected verticality tapping device, and use the bottom hole surface to align the verticality of the tapping, so that the positioning reference of the tapping meets the requirements of the working conditions of the threaded connection. Using the laser to correct the verticality of the tapping device has high positioning accuracy, which can stably control the vertical accuracy of the thread within 0.5°, reduce the problems of rework and scrap parts due to the excessive verticality during tapping, and save production costs.

Description of drawings

In order to explain the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are the For some embodiments of the invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without any creative effort.

1 is a flowchart of a tapping method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

2 is an axial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a laser-corrected perpendicularity tapping device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a laser-corrected verticality tapping device provided by an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the laser is omitted;

Reference number:

1. Tap chuck; 11. Hand-held body; 111. Reflective lens; 12. Tap clamping rod; 121. Groove; 13. Mounting end; 131. Tap mounting hole; 2. Clutch clamping body; 21 , clamping end; 211, clamping rod mounting hole; 22, locking ball; 23, locking sleeve; 24, limit ring; 25, clutch pressure plate; 251, steel ball; 26, clutch outer ring; 27, clamp Head body; 28, screw; 29, pressure regulating spring; 291, nut; 292, spring gland; 3, laser.

Detailed ways

In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention. , not all examples. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Existing large parts or parts that cannot be moved, because it is inconvenient to use the worktable for positioning, when tapping is required, the artificial lead is generally used to locate the tapping. The positioning accuracy is related to the skills of the employees, and the positioning accuracy error is large. Generally, the verticality The error can reach 1°-3°, which affects the accuracy of the bolt after assembly, so that the nut and the end face of the part are not parallel after the bolt is tightened, so that the force on the end of the bolt is uneven and affects the strength of the bolt.

In order to solve the above technical problems, in the first aspect, as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 , an embodiment of the present invention provides a laser-corrected verticality tapping device, which mainly includes a tapping chuck 1 , a clutch clamping body 2 and a laser 3 .

Specifically, the tap chuck 1 includes a hand-held body 11 , a tap-holding rod 12 provided on one axial end of the hand-held body 11 , and a mounting end 13 provided on the other axial end of the hand-held body 11 , that is, , the hand-held body 11, the tap holding rod 12 and the mounting end 13 are coaxially arranged, the hand-held body 11 is suitable for hand-held, the surface is processed as an arc surface, which conforms to the ergonomic design, and the outer diameter of the hand-held body 11 is larger than that of the mounting end 13 and the tap. The outer diameter of the clamping rod 12 . The mounting end 13 is provided with a tap mounting hole 131 for mounting the tap. The tap is used for tapping and belongs to the existing components. The end face of the hand-held body 11 facing the mounting end 13 is provided with a reflective lens. 111. A through hole is provided in the center of the reflective lens 111, and the mounting end 13 is penetrated through the through hole, so that the reflective lens 111 is surrounded by the mounting end 13. The specific installation method of the reflective lens 111 and the hand-held end is not limited, for example, it can be adhesive. The side wall of the hand-held end can also be provided with a mounting groove, and the end face of the reflective lens 111 is embedded in the installation groove. The end of 11 is sufficient. It should be noted that the mirror surface of the reflecting lens 111 is perpendicular to the axis of the handheld body 11 .

Specifically, one end of the clutch clamping body 2 is a clamping end 21, and the clamping end 21 is provided with a clamping rod mounting hole 211 for installing the tapping clamping rod 12 of the tapping chuck 1, so that the thread The tapping chuck 1 is connected with the clutch mounting body 2, and the other end of the clutch mounting body 2 is provided with a chuck main body 27, and the chuck main body 27 is used for being installed on the tapping machine.

Specifically, one end of the laser 3 is provided with a magnetic attraction surface. For example, a magnet sheet is bonded to one end of the laser 3 to form a magnetic attraction surface, so that the laser 3 can be easily adsorbed on the end face of the bottom hole to be tapped, and the laser 3 will not move at will. , in addition, it is convenient to fix the laser 3 on an inclined or vertical surface, the other end of the laser 3 is provided with a laser emitting hole, and the laser light emitted by the laser 3 is emitted from the laser emitting hole to the reflecting mirror 111 and sent by The reflective lens 111 reflects a light spot (or a light spot) to the laser 3, and by adjusting the position of the tapping chuck 1, the light spot coincides with the laser emitting hole, and the position is the axis of the tapping and the laser emitting hole. The position where the end face of the bottom hole to be tapped is vertical, because the tap and the tap chuck 1 are coaxially arranged, that is, the axis of the tap chuck 1 is perpendicular to the end face of the bottom hole to be tapped. At this point, the tapping machine can be turned on for tapping. In the absence of a working platform, a laser-corrected verticality tapping device is used, and the surface of the bottom hole of the workpiece is used to align the verticality of the tapping, so that the positioning reference of the tapping meets the requirements of the working conditions of the threaded connection. Using the laser to correct the verticality of the tapping device has high positioning accuracy, which can stably control the vertical accuracy of the thread within 0.5°, reduce the problems of rework and scrap parts due to the excessive verticality during tapping, and save production costs. High positioning accuracy, convenience and reliability.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the axis of the laser emitting hole is perpendicular to the end face where the laser emitting hole is located, so as to ensure that the axis of the laser emitting hole is perpendicular to the end face where the laser emitting hole is located, so as to ensure the subsequent measurement of the tapping axis and the end face of the bottom hole. Machining accuracy of verticality.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the laser 3 is further provided with a switch to facilitate turning on or off the laser 3; the aperture of the laser emitting hole is 0.5-1 mm, so that the opening of the laser emitting hole is as small as possible, thereby facilitating the reflection lens The light spot reflected by 111 coincides with the laser emission hole.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the peripheral wall of the clamping rod installation hole 211 is provided with a plurality of through holes arranged at intervals, and the clutch clamping body 2 further includes a sleeve sleeved outside the clamping end 21 . A locking sleeve 23, the locking sleeve 23 is provided with a locking sphere 22 corresponding to the through hole one-to-one, and the locking sphere 22 is sandwiched between the locking sleeve 23 and the through hole And a part extends into the clamping rod mounting hole 211 , and the diameter of the through hole is smaller than the ball diameter of the locking ball 22 , so that the locking ball 22 can only partially extend out of the through hole without coming out of the through hole.

The outer periphery of the tap clamping rod 12 is provided with a plurality of grooves 121 arranged at intervals. The grooves 121 correspond to the locking spheres 22 one-to-one. When the tapping clamping rod 12 is inserted into the clamping rod installation hole 211 , the locking ball 22 is pressed into the groove 121 on the tap holding rod 12 by rotating the locking sleeve 23 to lock the tap holding rod 12 . The tap chuck 1 and the clutch adopt a split structure, which can be assembled and quickly replaced with tap clamping rods 12 of various specifications, which saves costs.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the clutch clamping body 2 is located outside the port of the clamping end 21 to fix a limit ring 24 for stopping the locking sleeve 23 to limit the circumferential locking of the locking sleeve 23 tight and open position.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the chuck body 27 is provided with an axial through hole, and a pair of clutch pressure plates 25 are arranged in the axial through hole. Matching, can move away from or approach each other along the axial through hole under the action of external force, a pair of the clutch pressing plates 25 are provided with a plurality of concave ball sockets on the outer circumference, and the shaft of the chuck body 27 is provided with a plurality of concave ball sockets. The inner wall of the through hole is provided with a ball hole corresponding to the ball socket, and a steel ball 251 is installed between the ball socket and the ball hole. Specifically, the steel ball 251 is located in the ball hole, and the steel ball 251 The ball hole protrudes from the side facing the ball socket and is located in the ball socket; the chuck body 27 is provided with a clutch outer ring 26, and the outer wall of the chuck body 27 and the inner wall of the clutch outer ring 26 pass through The key and the keyway are connected in a cooperative manner, whereby the torque received by the outer ring 26 of the clutch can be transmitted to the main body 27 of the collet.

The clutch clamping body 2 also includes a screw rod 28 and a pressure regulating spring 29. The screw rod 28 passes through a pair of the clutch pressure plates 25 from one end of the clamping rod mounting hole 211 of the clamping end 21, and the pressure regulating spring 29 is sleeved. Set on the screw 28, the screw 28 extends out of the end of the collet body 27, and is fastened by a spring pressing cover 292 and a nut 291. Specifically, the spring pressing cover 292 is sleeved on the screw 28 and covers For the pressure regulating spring 29 , the pressure regulating spring 29 is pressed against the adjacent one of the clutch pressure plate 25 and the spring pressure cover 292 , and the pre-tightening force of the pressure regulating spring 29 is adjusted by screwing the nut 291 . , the torque adjustment range is large. Adopt double row steel ball 251 push clutch, large torque adjustment range and compact structure.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the end of the screw rod 28 abuts against one of the clutch pressing plates 25 adjacent to it, and the clutch pressing plate 25 acts as a stop to the end of the screw rod 28, so that the screw rod 28 can Pass through the two clutch pressure plates 25 smoothly and fasten by nuts 291 .

In order to facilitate manufacture and ensure sufficient strength, in a specific embodiment, the clamping end 21 and the collet body 27 are integrally formed. Of course, the outer diameters of the clamping end 21 and the collet body 27 may be different.

The working process of this embodiment is as follows: hold the handheld 11 to adjust the position of the tapping machine so that the tapping is aligned with the bottom hole to be tapped, place the laser 3 beside the tapping, turn on the switch of the laser 3 to emit a laser beam and irradiate the reflective lens On 111, the light spot reflected by the reflective lens 111 coincides with the laser emitting hole of the laser 3, that is, the axis of the tapping is perpendicular to the end face of the bottom hole of the thread to be tapped.

Start the tapping machine, the torque of the tapping machine is transmitted to the double-row steel balls 251 through the keys of the clutch outer ring 26, and the torque is transmitted to the chuck body 27 through the double-row steel balls 251, and then the torque is transmitted through the double-row steel balls 251. The locking ball 22 is transmitted to the tap holding rod 12 to drive the tap to reverse the tapping.

When the thread tap is stuck due to excessive torque, the torque transmitted by the torque of the thread tapping machine through the keys of the clutch outer ring 26 will push the double-row steel balls 251 to move inward and push the two clutch pressure plates 25 to separate to both sides, so that the When the steel ball 251 leaves the ball socket, the clutch outer ring 26 slips relative to the chuck body 27, thereby preventing the wire tap from breaking.

In the second aspect, as shown in FIG. 1 , an embodiment of the present invention provides a tapping method using the above-mentioned laser-corrected verticality tapping device, including:

Insert the chuck body 27 of the clutch clamping body 2 into the mounting hole of the tapping machine;

Insert the tap in the tap mounting hole 131 of the tap chuck 1;

Insert the tap clamping rod 12 into the clamping rod mounting hole 211 of the clutch clamping body 2 and lock it tightly;

Hold the handheld body 11 to adjust the position of the tapping machine so that the tapping is aligned with the bottom hole to be tapped;

Adsorb the laser 3 to the side of the tap, and turn on the laser 3 so that the laser emitted by the laser 3 irradiates the reflective sheet 111 and reflects the light spot to the laser 3 by the reflective sheet 111, and adjust the tap chuck 1 so that The light spot coincides with the laser emitting hole, so that the axis of the tap is perpendicular to the end face of the bottom hole to be tapped. Platformless uses the workpiece's bottom hole surface to determine verticality and is suitable for lead tapping on large components or components that cannot be moved.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the tapping machine is mounted on a cart. Using the laser-corrected verticality tapping machine chuck to configure the pneumatic or electric tapping machine to be installed on a mobile cart, it is convenient to carry and move and can quickly locate and tap on relatively large parts. The tapping method of using the tapping device to move the workpiece end face in a large range with the workpiece position reduces the frequency of lifting and transporting large workpieces and saves the transportation cost. Changing from manual lead tapping to pneumatic or electric tool lead tapping can increase the tapping efficiency by more than 1 times and reduce labor intensity at the same time.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, but not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand: it can still be Modifications are made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or some technical features thereof are equivalently replaced; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a laser correction verticality tapping device, is characterized in that, comprises: A screw tap chuck includes a hand-held body, a screw-tap clamping rod arranged at one axial end of the handheld body, and an installation end arranged at the other axial end of the handheld body, wherein the installation end is provided with a screw-tap installation hole, A reflective lens is installed on the end face of the hand-held body facing the installation end; The clutch clamping body, one end is a clamping end, the clamping end is provided with a clamping rod mounting hole, and the other end is provided with a chuck body; The laser has a magnetic attraction surface at one end, which is suitable for being adsorbed on the end face of the bottom hole to be tapped. The other end of the laser is provided with a laser emission hole. The mirror reflects the light spot to the laser, and the tap chuck is adjusted so that the light spot coincides with the laser emitting hole, so that the axis of the tap chuck is perpendicular to the end face of the bottom hole to be tapped. 2 . The laser correcting verticality tapping device according to claim 1 , wherein the axis of the laser emitting hole is perpendicular to the end face where the laser emitting hole is located. 3 . 3 . The laser-corrected squareness tapping device according to claim 2 , wherein the laser is further provided with a switch; and the aperture of the laser emitting hole is 0.5-1 mm. 4 . 4 . The laser-corrected verticality tapping device according to claim 1 , wherein the peripheral wall of the clamping rod installation hole is provided with a plurality of through holes arranged at intervals, and the clutch clamping body further comprises a sleeve set. 5 . A locking sleeve outside the clamping end, the locking sleeve is provided with a locking sphere corresponding to the through hole one-to-one, and the locking sphere is sandwiched between the locking sleeve and the through hole. between the holes and partially extending into the mounting hole of the clamping rod; A plurality of grooves arranged at intervals are arranged on the outer periphery of the screw tap clamping rod, and the grooves correspond to the locking spheres one-to-one. 5 . The laser-corrected verticality tapping device according to claim 4 , wherein a limit ring is fixed outside the port of the clutch clamping body at the clamping end, which is used to stop the locking sleeve. 6 . 6 . The laser-corrected verticality tapping device according to claim 1 , wherein the main body of the collet is provided with an axial through hole, and a pair of clutch pressing plates are arranged in the axial through hole, and the collet is provided with a pair of clutch pressing plates. The outer casing of the main body is provided with a clutch outer ring, the outer periphery of a pair of the clutch pressing plates is provided with a plurality of ball sockets, and the inner wall of the axial through hole of the chuck body is provided with ball holes corresponding to the ball sockets one-to-one. A steel ball is installed between the ball socket and the ball hole; the outer wall of the collet main body and the inner wall of the outer ring of the clutch are connected by a key and a keyway; It also includes a screw rod and a pressure regulating spring, the screw rod is penetrated through a pair of the clutch pressure plates, the pressure regulating spring is sleeved on the screw rod, the screw rod extends out of the end of the collet body, and passes through the spring The pressure cover and the nut are fastened, and the pressure regulating spring is pressed between one of the clutch pressure plates and the spring pressure cover. 7 . The laser-corrected perpendicularity tapping device according to claim 6 , wherein the end of the screw rod is abutted outside one of the clutch pressing plates adjacent to it. 8 . 8 . The laser-corrected squareness tapping device according to claim 1 , wherein the clamping end is integrally formed with the chuck body. 9 . 9. A tapping method utilizing the laser-corrected perpendicularity tapping device according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, comprising: Insert the chuck body of the clutch clamping body into the installation hole of the tapping machine; Insert the tap into the tap mounting hole of the tap chuck; Insert the tap clamping rod into the clamping rod mounting hole of the clutch clamping body and lock it tightly; Hold the handheld body to adjust the position of the tapping machine so that the tapping is aligned with the bottom hole to be tapped; Adsorb the laser to the side of the wire tap, and turn on the laser so that the laser emitted by the laser irradiates the reflective sheet and reflects the light spot to the laser, and adjust the wire tap chuck so that the light spot and the The laser emitting holes are coincident, so that the axis of the tap is perpendicular to the end face of the bottom hole to be tapped. 10. The tapping method according to claim 9, wherein the tapping machine is mounted on a cart.

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