CN114325842B - Seat-bottom type electromagnetic detection system - Google Patents
Seat-bottom type electromagnetic detection systemInfo
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- CN114325842B CN114325842B CN202111412922.XA CN202111412922A CN114325842B CN 114325842 B CN114325842 B CN 114325842B CN 202111412922 A CN202111412922 A CN 202111412922A CN 114325842 B CN114325842 B CN 114325842B
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Abstract
本发明属于海洋探测技术领域，特别涉及一种水下电磁侦测系统。一种座底式电磁侦测系统，包括：座底航行器、电极缆、阻尼伞以及系留浮球；座底航行器用于对电极缆进行牵引；阻尼伞及系留浮球设置在电极缆的尾端。本发明对电极缆采用了前端座底航行体牵引，后端阻尼伞、系留浮球增阻的方式，使电极缆入水后始终保持在较为平直的状态，阻尼伞在水流的作用下用以增大电极缆尾端的拉力，使电极缆处于拉直状态。系留浮球在浅水区可降低电极缆尾端的下降速度，使电极缆逐渐被拉直，在深水区则被压溃，使电极缆尾端在阻尼伞阻力及其自重作用下逐渐座底，并最终使电极缆处于较平直的状态，避免出现电极缆缠绕、压盖等现象，保证了电磁侦测的效果。
This invention belongs to the field of marine exploration technology, and specifically relates to an underwater electromagnetic detection system. A bottom-mounted electromagnetic detection system includes: a bottom-mounted vehicle, an electrode cable, a damping umbrella, and a mooring buoy; the bottom-mounted vehicle is used to pull the electrode cable; the damping umbrella and mooring buoy are located at the tail end of the electrode cable. This invention employs a method of front-end bottom-mounted vehicle pulling the electrode cable, and rear-end damping umbrella and mooring buoy increasing resistance, ensuring that the electrode cable remains relatively straight after entering the water. The damping umbrella, under the action of water current, increases the tension at the tail end of the electrode cable, keeping the electrode cable taut. In shallow water, the mooring buoy reduces the descent speed of the electrode cable tail end, gradually straightening the cable; in deep water, it is crushed, causing the electrode cable tail end to gradually sink to the bottom under the resistance of the damping umbrella and its own weight, ultimately keeping the electrode cable in a relatively straight state. This avoids phenomena such as electrode cable entanglement and compression, ensuring the effectiveness of electromagnetic detection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ocean exploration, and particularly relates to an underwater electromagnetic detection system.
Background
In order to maintain national ocean rights and interests and ensure national ocean interests and ocean safety, a large amount of manpower and material resources are invested in developing a high-performance underwater detection system for ocean geological exploration, military reconnaissance or processing underwater dangerous targets and the like in all countries of the world.
The underwater electromagnetic detection system relies on an electrode cable to detect an underwater target, and belongs to a novel underwater detection method. The laying posture of the electrode cable on the seabed directly influences the detection precision of the underwater target. In view of the complex marine environment and the large operation depth, how to ensure that the electrode cable is kept in a relatively flat state after being seated, and no phenomena such as winding, knotting or gland are caused is a difficult problem to be solved. In order to ensure the accuracy of underwater electromagnetic detection, it is necessary to design a base-type electromagnetic detection system and study the arrangement method thereof.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a seat-bottom type electromagnetic detection system aiming at the defects of the prior art.
The invention adopts the technical scheme that the seat-bottom type electromagnetic detection system comprises a seat-bottom aircraft, an electrode cable, a damping umbrella and a mooring floating ball.
The base navigation body is used for towing the electrode cable, and in order to ensure that the electrode cable achieves the required effect after being put into water, the base navigation body meets the requirements of stable posture, collision avoidance and the like.
The damping umbrella is arranged at the tail end of the electrode cable, and after the electrode cable enters water, the damping umbrella applies traction force to the tail end of the electrode cable so as to keep the electrode cable in a straight state.
The mooring floating ball is arranged at the tail end of the electrode cable, the mooring floating ball is a nonmetal floating ball with lower compressive strength, when the mooring floating ball is in a shallow water area, the mooring floating ball applies a pulling force to the tail end of the electrode cable, after entering a deep water area, the water pressure crushes the mooring floating ball, the buoyancy of the tail end of the electrode cable is reduced, and the detection system moves down to the bottom of the seat integrally in water.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
The base aircraft pulls the head end of the electrode cable, and keeps stable posture to pull the electrode cable to slide to the deepwater area. The damping umbrella is of an umbrella-shaped structure, the bottom is closed, the movement direction of the umbrella bottom is opposite to that of water flow during operation, the damping umbrella has an effect of blocking the water flow, and the resistance is increased according to square times along with the flow velocity, so that a force opposite to that of the detection system is applied to the tail of the electrode cable to straighten the electrode cable. The mooring floating ball is made of nonmetallic materials, the buoyancy of the mooring floating ball is larger than the gravity of the tail end of the electrode cable and the damping umbrella, so that the tail end is in a slightly positive buoyancy state, the descending speed of the tail end of the electrode cable can be reduced, and the electrode cable is easier to straighten. The pressure resistance of the tethered floating ball is designed to be weaker, so that the tethered floating ball has buoyancy in a shallow water area to help the electrode cable to straighten, and can be crushed by water pressure to lose buoyancy in a deep water area, so that the electrode cable is pulled by a traction and damping umbrella of the base aircraft and is spread on the seabed.
On the basis of the scheme, the base aircraft is further provided with the guide shell, the guide shell is of a streamline non-sealing structure, resistance when the aircraft slides in water can be reduced, the guide shell plays a role in protecting internal equipment, an anti-collision base is arranged at the bottom of the guide shell, the guide shell can reliably protect the aircraft when the aircraft sits at the base in any posture, horizontal wings are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the guide shell, the horizontal wings can enable the aircraft to keep stable postures when the aircraft slides, the phenomena of overturning and the like can not occur, electrode cables are wound and knotted, the aircraft can be guaranteed to sit at a relatively horizontal posture, the phenomena of overturning and the like of the aircraft caused by too large base angles can be prevented, a releasing buoy group is arranged on the guide shell and used for releasing communication buoys and a mother ship, a cable connector is arranged at the tail of the guide shell and used for connecting a rear-end electrode cable, a power supply and an instrument cabin are arranged in the guide shell, and the power supply and the instrument cabin is of a watertight structure for supplying power to the electrode cables and controlling related equipment.
Furthermore, the anti-collision base in the scheme is of a frame structure formed by a plurality of sections of metal rigid pieces, and the metal rigid pieces are connected through springs. The anti-collision base is changed from a full-rigidity structure to a semi-rigidity structure, so that the strength is ensured, the shock absorption and impact resistance requirements are met, and the impact strength between the navigation body and the seabed can be reduced when the navigation body is at the bottom.
Further, the cable joint in the scheme is of a slip ring structure, and after the electrode cable is connected into the cable joint, the electrode cable can rotate relative to the base aircraft, so that the joint is prevented from being damaged due to the fact that the twisting angle of the electrode cable is too large during hoisting or laying.
Furthermore, in the above scheme, N communication buoys are arranged in the release buoy group, N is an integer greater than or equal to 2, and the motor in the release buoy group is controlled to rotate at a certain angle (360 degrees/N) to release the communication buoys.
The laying method of the invention is that the main ship is stopped after reaching the appointed area according to the stipulation, and the electrode cable is winded on the towing winch of the main ship in advance. The tail end of the electrode cable is connected with the salvaging rope and the indicating floating ball and then thrown into water, the boat on the main boat is released, and the salvaging rope is tied on the boat after the indicating floating ball is salvaged by the boat. And starting a winch on the main ship to slowly release the cable, wherein the cable release speed is synchronous with the advancing speed of the small boat, and conveying the tail end of the electrode cable to the auxiliary ship by the small boat. The salvage rope and the tail end of the electrode cable are received on the rear deck of the auxiliary ship through a winch on the auxiliary ship, then a cable connected with the releaser and the first sheath is connected to the winch of the auxiliary ship, and finally a damping umbrella and a mooring floating ball are assembled at the tail end of the electrode cable. The electrode cable at the tail end can always maintain reverse tension and slight positive buoyancy after the system is placed in water, so that the electrode cable can maintain a relatively straight state after sinking into the seabed. When the electrode cable is completely laid, the head end of the electrode cable is required to be connected with a cable connector of the base navigation body. At the moment, after the electrode cable releases the second sheath, the winch is stopped, the cable on the second sheath is fixed at a certain position of the rear deck of the main ship, the electrode cable is released until the electrode cable is completely released, and the head end of the electrode cable is assembled on the cable joint of the bottom navigation body.
The releaser connected with the main ship crane is directly connected with the base navigation body through a cable, then the base navigation body is slowly lifted to bear force, and the cable connected with the deck of the main ship at the second sheath on the electrode cable is released. The base vehicle is then slowly hoisted into the water to a depth. At the moment, command post personnel coordinate the rear decks of the main ship and the auxiliary ship to be parallel, coordinate the two ships to travel to a distance approximately equal to the length of the electrode cable through GPS positioning equipment on the two ships, and the electrode cable is in a state to be straightened at the moment. The two ship deployment personnel release the first and second releasers simultaneously according to the instruction, so that the whole system is released at the same time, and the deployment is completed.
By using the method, the electrode cable is in a state to be straightened before entering water, and then the detection system is integrally introduced into water, so that the electrode cable is ensured to have a better initial state when entering water, the winding and turning of the electrode cable due to the poor arrangement mode are avoided, and the difficulty of operation and adjustment is increased.
The beneficial effects are that:
(1) The invention adopts the mode of leading end base navigation body traction and trailing end damping umbrella and mooring floating ball resistance increasing to ensure that the electrode cable is always kept in a relatively straight state after entering water, and the damping umbrella is used for increasing the pulling force of the tail end of the electrode cable under the action of water flow to ensure that the electrode cable is in a straightening state. The mooring floating ball can reduce the descending speed of the tail end of the electrode cable in a shallow water area, so that the electrode cable is gradually straightened, and is crushed in a deep water area, so that the tail end of the electrode cable is gradually seated under the resistance of the damping umbrella and the self weight of the damping umbrella, and finally the electrode cable is in a relatively straight state, the phenomena of winding, capping and the like of the electrode cable are avoided, and the electromagnetic detection effect is ensured.
(2) The bottom anti-collision base can reduce the collision between the base of the navigation body and the seabed, and protect the safety of the system.
(3) The tail of the electrode cable is connected with a damping umbrella and a mooring floating ball, the damping umbrella is used for increasing the pulling force of the tail of the electrode cable under the action of water flow to enable the electrode cable to be in a straightening state, the mooring floating ball can reduce the descending speed of the tail of the electrode cable in a shallow water area to enable the electrode cable to be gradually straightened, the electrode cable is crushed in a deep water area to enable the tail of the electrode cable to be gradually seated under the action of the damping umbrella resistance and the dead weight of the damping umbrella, and finally the electrode cable is in a flatter state.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the assembly and seating process of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram I of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram II of the present invention.
The device comprises a 1-base aircraft, a 2-electrode cable, a 3-damping umbrella, a 4-mooring floating ball, a 5-diversion shell, a 6-anti-collision base, 7-horizontal wings, 8-power supplies and instrument cabins, 9-cable joints, 10-release buoy groups, 11-salvage ropes, 12-indication floating balls, 13-first releasers, 14-first sheaths, 15-second sheaths and 16-second releasers.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1, a base electromagnetic detection system comprises a base aircraft 1, an electrode cable 2, a damping umbrella 3 and a mooring floating ball 4.
The base navigation body 1 is used for towing the electrode cable 2, and in order to ensure that the electrode cable can reach the required effect after being put into water, the base navigation body meets the requirements of stable posture, collision avoidance and the like.
The damping umbrella 3 is arranged at the tail end of the electrode cable 2, and after the electrode cable 2 enters water, the damping umbrella 3 applies traction force to the tail of the electrode cable 2 under the action of water flow, so that the electrode cable 2 is always pulled in water, and a flat state is maintained.
The mooring floating ball 4 is arranged at the tail end of the electrode cable 2, the mooring floating ball 4 is a nonmetal floating ball with lower compressive strength, and the effect is that when the water depth is shallow, the mooring floating ball 4 applies pulling force to the tail end of the electrode cable 2 due to the existence of the mooring floating ball 4, so that the front part of the electrode cable 2 is faster, the tail part of the electrode cable 2 is slower, the electrode cable 2 is straightened, then the mooring floating ball 4 and the damping umbrella 3 enter a deepwater area under the towing belt of the bottom aircraft 1 and the electrode cable 2, after entering the deepwater area, the water pressure crushes the mooring floating ball 4, the buoyancy of the tail end of the electrode cable 2 is reduced, and the detection system moves down to the bottom in the water.
The working principle of the seat-bottom electromagnetic detection system is as follows:
The base aircraft 1 pulls the head end of the electrode cable 2, and keeps stable posture to pull the electrode cable 2 to slide to a deepwater area. The damping umbrella 3 is of an umbrella-shaped structure, the bottom is closed, the movement direction of the umbrella bottom is opposite to that of water flow during operation, the water flow is blocked, and the resistance is increased according to the square times of the flow speed, so that a force opposite to that of the detection system is applied to the tail of the electrode cable 2 to straighten the electrode cable 2. The mooring floating ball 4 is made of non-metal materials, the buoyancy of the mooring floating ball is larger than the gravity of the tail end of the electrode cable 2 and the damping umbrella 3, so that the tail end is in a slightly positive buoyancy state, the descending speed of the tail end of the electrode cable 2 can be reduced, and the electrode cable 2 is easier to straighten. The pressure resistance of the mooring floating ball 4 is designed to be weaker, so that the mooring floating ball has buoyancy in a shallow water area to help the electrode cable 2 to straighten, and can be crushed by water pressure to lose buoyancy in a deep water area, so that the electrode cable 2 is pulled by the traction and damping umbrella 3 of the bottom aircraft 1 to be pulled down and laid on the seabed.
Example 2:
On the basis of example 1, the structure of the base aircraft 1 is further defined.
The seat-bottom aircraft 1 has the functions of a seat-bottom electromagnetic detection system, namely (1) a system data acquisition and power supply platform, (2) the head end traction of an electrode cable when the system enters water, (3) the carrier of a communication buoy of the system is released, and (4) a seat-bottom anchor serving as the system. In order to ensure that the electrode cable 2 achieves the required effect after being put into water, the base aircraft 1 meets the requirements of stable posture, collision avoidance and the like.
Referring to fig. 2, the base aircraft 1 is provided with a guide shell 5, the guide shell 5 is of a streamline non-sealing structure, the resistance of the aircraft during underwater sliding can be reduced, the internal equipment is protected, an anti-collision base 6 is arranged at the bottom of the guide shell 5, the bottom of the guide shell 5 is wrapped along the periphery of the anti-collision base 6, the impact of the base aircraft 1 during collision with the seabed can be relieved, the safety of the aircraft and internal components can be protected, the anti-collision base 6 ensures that the aircraft can be reliably protected during the base with any posture, horizontal wings 7 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the guide shell 5, the horizontal wings 7 can ensure that the aircraft can keep stable in posture during sliding, the electrode cable 2 can not be wound and knotted due to the phenomenon of overturning and the like, and in addition, the base with a relatively horizontal posture can be ensured, and the phenomena of the aircraft such as capsizing due to overlarge base angle can be prevented.
The guiding shell 5 is provided with a releasing buoy group 10, the releasing buoy group 10 is used for releasing communication buoys to communicate with a mother ship, the tail part of the guiding shell 5 is provided with a cable joint 9, the cable joint 9 is used for connecting a rear-end electrode cable 2, a power supply and an instrument cabin 8 are arranged in the guiding shell 5, and the power supply and the instrument cabin 8 are of high-voltage watertight structures and are used for supplying power to the electrode cable 2 and controlling related equipment.
Furthermore, the anti-collision base 6 in the embodiment is a frame structure formed by a plurality of sections of metal rigid pieces, and the metal rigid pieces are connected through springs. The anti-collision base 6 is changed from a full-rigidity structure to a semi-rigidity structure, so that the strength is ensured, the shock absorption and impact resistance requirements are met, and the impact strength of the navigation body on the seabed can be reduced when the navigation body is at the bottom.
Further, the cable joint 9 in this example is a slip ring structure, and after the electrode cable 2 is connected to the cable joint 9, the electrode cable 2 can rotate relative to the base aircraft 1, so that the electrode cable 2 is prevented from being twisted too much to damage the joint during hoisting or laying.
Further, in this embodiment, N communication buoys are arranged in the release buoy group 10, and the motor in the release buoy group 10 is controlled to rotate at a certain angle (360 °/N), so that the communication buoys are sequentially released to communicate with the mother ship.
Example 3:
The method of laying the electrode cable 2 is defined on the basis of example 1, and the length of the electrode cable 2 in this example is 1000 meters.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, a deployment method of a base electromagnetic detection system is that a main ship arrives at a specified area according to a specification and then is stopped, and an electrode cable 2 is wound on a towing winch on the main ship in advance. The tail end of the electrode cable 2 is connected with the salvaging rope 11 and the indicating floating ball 12 and then thrown into water, the boat on the main boat is released, and the salvaging rope 11 is tied on the boat after the indicating floating ball 12 is salvaged by the boat. And starting a winch on the main ship to slowly release the cable, wherein the cable release speed is synchronous with the advancing speed of the small boat, and conveying the tail end of the electrode cable 2 to the auxiliary ship by the small boat. The fishing rope 11 together with the tail end of the electrode cable 2 is received on the rear deck of the auxiliary vessel by a winch on the auxiliary vessel, then a cable connected with the releaser 13 and the first sheath 14 is connected to the winch of the auxiliary vessel, and finally the damping umbrella 3 and the mooring floating ball 4 are assembled on the tail end of the electrode cable 2. The purpose is that after the system is placed in water, the electrode cable 2 at the tail end can always keep reverse tension and slight positive buoyancy, so that the electrode cable 2 of 1000 meters can keep a straight state after sinking into the seabed. When the electrode cable 2 with the length of 1000 meters is completely laid, the head end of the electrode cable 2 needs to be connected with the cable joint 9 of the base navigation body 1. At the moment, after the electrode cable 2 releases the second sheath 15, the winch is stopped, the cable on the second sheath 15 is fixed at a certain position on the rear deck of the main ship, the electrode cable is released until the electrode cable is completely released, and the head end of the electrode cable 2 is assembled on the cable joint 9 of the bottom navigation body 1.
The releaser 16 connected with the main ship crane is directly connected with the base navigation body 1 through a cable, then the base navigation body 1 is stressed by slow lifting, and the cable connected with the main ship deck at the second sheath 15 on the electrode cable 2 is released. The base vehicle 1 is then slowly hoisted into the water to a certain depth. At the moment, command post personnel coordinate the rear decks of the main ship and the auxiliary ship to be parallel, coordinate the two ships to travel to a position with a distance of about 1000 meters through GPS positioning equipment on the two ships, and the electrode cable 2 is in a state to be straightened. The two ship deployment personnel release the first and second releasers 13 and 16 simultaneously according to the instruction, so that the whole system is released at the same time, and the deployment is completed.
The method for arranging the electromagnetic detection system can lead the electrode cable to be in a state of being about to straighten before entering water, and then leads the detection system to be integrally entering water, thus ensuring that the electrode cable has a better initial state when entering water, avoiding the winding and turning of the electrode cable due to poor arrangement mode, and further increasing the difficulty of operation and adjustment.
While the invention has been described in detail in the foregoing general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and improvements can be made thereto. Accordingly, such modifications or improvements may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention and are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (8)
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| CN117250570A (en) * | 2023-10-24 | 2023-12-19 | 山东航天电子技术研究所 | Magnetic anomaly generating device suitable for underwater carrier and calculating method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110949642A (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2020-04-03 | 中国船舶重工集团有限公司第七一0研究所 | Underwater oil-filled towing cable towing adjusting device |
| CN111323810A (en) * | 2020-03-16 | 2020-06-23 | 自然资源部第二海洋研究所 | Marine seismic detection system with seismic source below towing cable and method thereof |
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| CA2656226C (en) * | 2006-07-13 | 2015-12-01 | Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company | Method to maintain towed dipole source orientation |
| US8816690B2 (en) * | 2011-11-21 | 2014-08-26 | Pgs Geophysical As | Electromagnetic sensor cable and electrical configuration therefor |
| CN111351528B (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2021-07-16 | 中国海洋大学 | A submarine boundary layer observation device and its deployment and recovery method |
| EP4149831A1 (en) * | 2020-05-13 | 2023-03-22 | Russel 10984 (Pty) Ltd | Device and method for underwater sampling |
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| CN110949642A (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2020-04-03 | 中国船舶重工集团有限公司第七一0研究所 | Underwater oil-filled towing cable towing adjusting device |
| CN111323810A (en) * | 2020-03-16 | 2020-06-23 | 自然资源部第二海洋研究所 | Marine seismic detection system with seismic source below towing cable and method thereof |
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