CN114291684A - Elevator and elevator measuring method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an elevator, which comprises a hoistway, a car, a linear motor and a Hall sensor. The car is a rectangular parallelepiped and is located in the hoistway, and the car and the inner wall of the hoistway are slidably connected. The linear motor includes a primary module and a secondary module respectively, the primary module is installed on the car, the secondary module is installed on the hoistway, and the secondary module includes a steel plate and an aluminum plate, the steel plate is connected to the side of the hoistway, and the steel plate is provided with. There are multiple protruding strips, and the multiple protruding strips are spaced from the bottom to the top of the well. The aluminum plate is mounted on the steel plate, and the aluminum plate is provided with a plurality of through grooves, and each protruding strip is located in each through groove. The hall sensor is installed on the car. The invention adopts the Hall sensor and the grid-type secondary module to detect the running speed of the car, and obtains the running condition of the car by sensing the change of the magnetic field on the convex strip, and then cooperates with the emergency stop device and the control module to ensure that the elevator is in good condition. run.

Description

Elevators and elevator measurement methods

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of elevators, in particular to an elevator and an elevator speed measurement method.

Background technique

Corresponding operation management systems are often required in the use of elevators. With the development of science and technology, the corresponding safety monitoring systems for elevators are also required to be more advanced, more reliable, and easier to connect with the Internet, so as to achieve precise control of elevator data. , The data collection of the parts in the elevator is particularly important, so it is of great significance to establish a perfect data collection and management system.

In most of the existing elevator structures, the speed detection of the elevator car is often realized by detecting the running speed of the traction machine or the traction sheave, and the accuracy is not high, and the existing elevator structure cannot accurately measure the elevator running data. Collection, when there is a fault in the elevator, it cannot be monitored and notified for maintenance.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide an elevator and a method for measuring the speed of the elevator to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art.

In order to solve the above problems, according to an aspect of the present invention, an elevator is provided, the elevator comprising:

a hoistway, the hoistway is a channel extending in the vertical direction, and the cross-section of the hoistway in the horizontal direction is rectangular;

a car, the car is a rectangular parallelepiped and is located in the hoistway, and the car is slidably connected to the inner wall of the hoistway;

A linear motor, the linear motor respectively includes a primary module and a secondary module, the primary modules are installed on opposite sides of the car and extend in a vertical direction, and the secondary modules are installed on the opposite sides of the hoistway The two sides of the hoistway extend from the bottom to the top of the hoistway, and the secondary module includes a steel plate and an aluminum plate, the steel plate is connected to the side of the hoistway and extends from the bottom to the top of the hoistway, and the steel plate is close to the One side of the primary module is provided with a protruding strip protruding toward the primary module, and a plurality of the protruding strips are arranged at intervals from the bottom to the top of the hoistway; the aluminum plate is installed on a side of the steel plate close to the primary module. and the aluminum plate is provided with a plurality of through grooves, and each of the protruding strips is located in each of the through grooves; and

A hall sensor, which is arranged on the car.

In one embodiment, the Hall sensors are multiple and disposed on multiple sides of the car.

In one embodiment, the primary module includes:

an iron core mounted on the car and extending in a vertical direction; and

A plurality of windings are wound on the iron core.

In one embodiment, the secondary module includes:

an installation frame, the installation frame is installed on the inner wall of the hoistway and extends along the bottom of the hoistway to the top, the installation frame is provided with an installation groove, and the steel plate is installed in the installation groove of the installation frame .

In one embodiment, the protruding strip is located in the through groove and extends beyond the through groove.

In one embodiment, one of the inner wall of the hoistway or the car is provided with a sliding rail extending in a vertical direction, and the other is provided with a sliding block fitted with the sliding rail.

In one embodiment, the elevator further includes:

an energy saving device, the energy saving device comprising a battery and a converter, the converter being connected to the battery; and

Frequency converter, the frequency converter includes a rectifier module, a DC module and an inverter module, the DC module is connected to the rectifier module and the inverter module, the inverter module is connected to the linear motor, and the converter is connected to the DC module.

In one embodiment, the elevator further includes:

an emergency stop device, which is used to control the car to stop running in an emergency;

A control module, the control module is connected to the hall sensor and the emergency stop device, the control module is used to receive the electrical signal of the hall sensor, and can also be used to control the start of the emergency stop device.

The present invention also relates to a method for measuring the speed of an elevator, comprising the steps of:

S1. The Hall sensor is installed on the side of the car according to claim 1, and is located on the side close to the secondary module;

S2. Start the linear motor, the Hall sensor senses the change of the reluctance of the convex strip, and sends a signal to the control module of the linear motor, and the control module is based on the number of changes of the reluctance and the The size of the protruding strips and the distance between two adjacent protruding strips calculate the running distance of the linear motor, and calculate the speed of the linear motor according to the running time of the linear motor.

The present invention adopts the Hall sensor to cooperate with the grid-type secondary module to detect the running speed of the car, obtains the running condition of the car by sensing the change of the magnetic field on the convex strip, and then cooperates with the emergency stop device and the control module to ensure that the elevator is in good condition. run.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a linear motor in an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a secondary module in a first direction according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 3 is a top view of a secondary module in one embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a home elevator in an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a home elevator from different angles in an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the Hall sensor and the linear motor in an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of another angle of the assembly of the Hall sensor and the linear motor in one embodiment of the present invention.

Reference numerals: 100, linear motor; 1, iron core; 11, stator teeth; 2, secondary module; 21, aluminum plate; 211, through groove; 22, steel plate; 221, convex strip; 200, elevator; 201, shaft ; 202, car; 5, Hall sensor.

Detailed ways

The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, so as to more clearly understand the objects, features and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood that the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, but are only intended to illustrate the essential spirit of the technical solutions of the present invention.

In the following description, for the purpose of illustrating various disclosed embodiments, certain specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the various disclosed embodiments. One skilled in the relevant art will recognize, however, that embodiments may be practiced without one or more of these specific details. In other instances, well-known devices, structures and techniques associated with this application may not be shown or described in detail to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the description of the embodiments.

Reference throughout this specification to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment. Thus, the appearances of "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" in various places throughout the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Additionally, the particular features, structures or characteristics may be combined in any manner in one or more embodiments.

In the following description, in order to clearly show the structure and working mode of the present invention, many directional words will be used for description, but "front", "rear", "left", "right", "outer", "inner" should be "," "outward", "inward", "up", "down" and other words are to be understood as convenient terms, and should not be understood as limiting words.

The present invention relates to an elevator, as shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 7 , the elevator includes a hoistway, a car, a linear motor and a Hall sensor.

The hoistway 201 has a channel extending in the vertical direction, and the cross-section of the hoistway 201 in the horizontal direction is rectangular.

The car 202 is a rectangular parallelepiped and is located in the hoistway 201 , and the car 202 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the hoistway 201 . Specifically, the hoistway 201 is provided with a slide rail extending in the vertical direction, the car 202 is provided with a slider that can be embedded in the slide rail, and the car 202 slides along the hoistway 201 through the cooperation of the slider and the slide rail. A sliding block extending in the vertical direction can also be provided on the hoistway 201, and a sliding rail is provided on the car 202, so that the car 202 and the hoistway 201 can be slidably connected.

The linear motor includes a primary module and a secondary module 2 respectively. The primary modules are mounted on opposite sides of the car 202 and extend in the vertical direction, and the secondary modules are mounted on opposite sides of the hoistway 201 and extend from the bottom to the top of the hoistway.

The secondary module 2 includes a steel plate 22 and an aluminum plate 21. The side of the steel plate 22 connected to the hoistway 201 extends from the bottom to the top of the hoistway 201, and the side of the steel plate 22 close to the primary module is provided with a protruding strip 221 protruding toward the primary module. The protruding strips 221 are arranged at intervals from the bottom of the hoistway to the top; the aluminum plate 21 is installed on the side of the steel plate 22 close to the primary module, and the aluminum plate 21 is provided with a plurality of through grooves 211, and each protruding strip 221 is located in each through groove 211.

The hall sensor 5 is used to test the speed of the car 202 and is installed on the car 202 .

The Hall sensor 5 tests the speed by means of the changing frequency of the magnetic field on the sensing ridges 221 . Specifically, the plurality of through grooves 211 of the aluminum plate of the secondary module 2 form a grid structure, and the installation of the protruding strips 221 on the steel plate 22 in the through grooves 211 will strengthen the induced magnetic field generated on the aluminum plate 21, and the Hall sensor 5 can sense the The magnetic field on the ridges 221. Since the Hall sensor 5 is installed on the car 202, with the movement of the car 202, the current in the coil of the winding changes continuously, the aluminum plate 21 generates a constantly changing induced magnetic field, and the magnetic fields of the adjacent two protruding strips 221 will be different, The Hall sensor 5 can sense the change of the magnetic field on the protruding strips 221 . The present invention can calculate the speed of the car 202 and the position of the car 202 by using the change frequency of the magnetic field induced by the Hall sensor 5, the running time of the elevator 200, the spacing of the protruding strips 221 and the width of the protruding strips 221. Magnetic field response is sensitive, which can ensure the accuracy of detection, or the sensor is light and easy to install and maintain.

In addition, a plurality of Hall sensors 5 can be installed on the car 202 to detect and monitor the running speed of the car 202 respectively. Combined with the emergency stop device and the control module, the accuracy and reliability of the system running speed and position detection can be guaranteed. In practical application, when the car 202 fails to operate, the hall sensor 5 senses the change of the magnetic field and sends the signal to the control module, and the control module issues an instruction to start the emergency stop device according to the signal of the hall sensor 5 of the car 202, The emergency stop device receives an instruction from the control module and starts to make the car 202 stop in an emergency. It can be understood that a plurality of Hall sensors 5 should be installed on the side of the car 202 and at positions corresponding to the iron core 1 . The preferred solution is to install on the steel plate 22 or the aluminum plate 21. The closer the Hall sensor 5 is to the iron core 1, the more accurate the magnetic field change on the protruding strip 221 can be sensed, and the more accurate the test result is.

The present invention uses the Hall sensor 5 to cooperate with the grid-type secondary module 2 to detect the running speed of the car 202, and obtains the running condition of the car 202 by sensing the change of the magnetic field on the convex strip 221, and then cooperates with the emergency stop device and the control module. , the elevator 200 can be guaranteed to run well.

In addition, in order to ensure the accuracy of the test, multiple Hall sensors 5 may be used, which are respectively installed on multiple sides of the car 202 or at other positions close to the secondary module 2 . A plurality of Hall sensors 5 are tested at the same time, and any one of the Hall sensors 5 is destroyed, and the rest of the Hall sensors 5 can continue to test the speed of the car 202 to further ensure the safe operation of the elevator 200 .

The primary module includes an iron core 1 and a plurality of windings, the plurality of windings can pass three-phase current and form a changing magnetic field, and the iron core 1 is used to strengthen the magnetic field strength formed by the plurality of windings. Specifically, the iron core is installed on the car and extends in the vertical direction, and a plurality of windings are wound on the iron core, and the secondary module 2 and the car 202 can be driven to move by energizing the plurality of windings.

In addition, the secondary module further includes a mounting bracket (not shown in the figure), and the mounting bracket is used to fix the steel plate 22 on the inner wall of the hoistway 201 . Specifically, the mounting bracket is installed on the inner wall of the hoistway and extends along the bottom of the hoistway to the top, and the mounting bracket is provided with a mounting slot, which opens toward the car 202 and extends from the bottom of the hoistway to the top of the hoistway, and the mounting slot can be used to accommodate steel plates twenty two. The side of the steel plate 22 away from the car 202 is installed in the installation groove.

Preferably, the protruding strips 221 are located in the through grooves 211 and extend beyond the through grooves 211 . The protruding strips 221 protrude from the aluminum plate 21 and can be closer to the primary module, thereby reducing the air gap between the primary module and the secondary module 2 .

The air gap formed between the primary module and the secondary module 2 of the present invention ranges from 2 mm to 4 mm. The air gap refers to the gap between the stationary magnetic pole and the rotating armature. The air gap determines the size of the magnetic flux. The larger the air gap, the more leakage flux, and the lower the efficiency of the motor. The primary module generates a changing magnetic field through the changing current in the winding, so that the aluminum plate 21 generates an induced magnetic field, and the induced magnetic field is strengthened by the protruding strips 221 of the steel plate 22 . The protruding strips 221 of the present invention pass through the through grooves 211 of the aluminum plate 21 and are further close to the magnetic field of the primary module, so that the air gap between the primary module and the secondary module 2 is reduced, and the efficiency of the linear motor 100 is increased.

Optionally, the elevator further includes an energy saving device and a frequency converter, the energy saving device includes a battery and a converter, and the converter is connected to the battery.

The frequency converter includes a rectifier module, a DC module and an inverter module, the DC module is connected to the rectifier module and the inverter module, the inverter module is connected to the linear motor, and the converter is connected to the DC module. The battery is used to collect the electricity converted by kinetic energy or potential energy of the car 202 during the descending process, and the frequency converter 4 is used to convert the alternating current into direct current and store it in the battery.

In addition, the Hall sensor 5 can also cooperate with the emergency stop device and the control module to control the operation of the car 202 . Specifically, the emergency stop device can be used to control the car to stop functioning in an emergency situation. The control module is connected to the hall sensor 5 and the emergency stop device, and can receive the electrical signal of the hall sensor and control the start of the emergency stop device.

In addition, the present invention also relates to the method for measuring the speed of the elevator 200, comprising the steps of:

S1. Install the Hall sensor 5 on the side of the car 202 in the sixth or fourth embodiment, and on the side close to the secondary module 2, and connect the signal of the Hall sensor 5 to the control module of the linear motor 100 .

S2. Start the linear motor 100, the Hall sensor 5 senses the change of the reluctance of the protruding strip 221, and sends the signal to the control module of the linear motor 100. The control module is based on the number of reluctance changes, the size of the protruding strip 221 and the size of the adjacent two The distance between the protruding strips 221 is calculated to calculate the running distance of the linear motor 100 , and then the speed of the linear motor 100 is calculated according to the running time of the linear motor 100 .

The present invention uses the Hall sensor 5 to cooperate with the linear motor 100 to test the speed of the car 202. The Hall sensor 5 tests the running speed of the car 202. The Hall sensor 5 is sensitive to magnetic field induction, which ensures the accuracy of detection, and the operation is simple. Easy installation and maintenance.

The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, but it should be understood that after reading the above teaching content of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the present invention. Such equivalents also fall within the scope defined by the claims appended hereto.

Claims (9)

1. an elevator, is characterized in that, comprises: a hoistway, the hoistway is a channel extending in the vertical direction, and the cross-section of the hoistway in the horizontal direction is rectangular; a car, the car is a rectangular parallelepiped and is located in the hoistway, and the car is slidably connected to the inner wall of the hoistway; A linear motor, the linear motor respectively includes a primary module and a secondary module, the primary modules are installed on opposite sides of the car and extend in a vertical direction, and the secondary modules are installed on the opposite sides of the hoistway The two sides of the hoistway extend from the bottom to the top of the hoistway, and the secondary module includes a steel plate and an aluminum plate, the steel plate is connected to the side of the hoistway and extends from the bottom to the top of the hoistway, and the steel plate is close to the One side of the primary module is provided with a protruding strip protruding toward the primary module, and a plurality of the protruding strips are arranged at intervals from the bottom to the top of the hoistway; the aluminum plate is installed on a side of the steel plate close to the primary module. and the aluminum plate is provided with a plurality of through grooves, and each of the protruding strips is located in each of the through grooves; and A hall sensor, which is arranged on the car. 2 . The elevator according to claim 1 , wherein the number of the Hall sensors is multiple and is provided on multiple side portions of the car. 3 . 3. The elevator according to claim 1, wherein the primary module comprises: an iron core mounted on the car and extending in a vertical direction; and A plurality of windings are wound on the iron core. 4. The elevator according to claim 3, wherein the secondary module comprises: an installation frame, the installation frame is installed on the inner wall of the hoistway and extends along the bottom of the hoistway to the top, the installation frame is provided with an installation groove, and the steel plate is installed in the installation groove of the installation frame . 5 . The elevator according to claim 3 , wherein the protruding strip is located in the through groove and extends beyond the through groove. 6 . 6 . The elevator according to claim 1 , wherein one of the inner wall of the hoistway or the car is provided with a slide rail extending in a vertical direction, and the other is provided with a slide rail that is fitted with the slide rail. 7 . slider. 7. The elevator according to claim 1, wherein the elevator further comprises: an energy saving device, the energy saving device comprising a battery and a converter, the converter being connected to the battery; and Frequency converter, the frequency converter includes a rectifier module, a DC module and an inverter module, the DC module is connected to the rectifier module and the inverter module, the inverter module is connected to the linear motor, and the converter is connected to the DC module. 8. The elevator according to claim 1, wherein the elevator further comprises: an emergency stop device, which is used to control the car to stop running in an emergency; A control module, the control module is connected to the hall sensor and the emergency stop device, the control module is used to receive the electrical signal of the hall sensor, and can also be used to control the start of the emergency stop device. 9. an elevator speed measuring method, is characterized in that, comprises the steps: S1. The Hall sensor is installed on the side of the car according to claim 1, and is located on the side close to the secondary module; S2. Start the linear motor, the Hall sensor senses the change of the reluctance of the convex strip, and sends a signal to the control module of the linear motor, and the control module is based on the number of changes of the reluctance and the The size of the protruding strips and the distance between two adjacent protruding strips calculate the running distance of the linear motor, and calculate the speed of the linear motor according to the running time of the linear motor.

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