CN114238530B - Method and device for selecting water environment pollution source investigation points - Google Patents
Method and device for selecting water environment pollution source investigation pointsInfo
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Abstract
本发明实施例提供了一种水环境污染源调查点的选取方法和装置，具体为获取预设监测范围内污染源数据、水质监测数据、河流数据、道路数据和行政区划数据；随机抽取多个污染源对象作为污染源调查点形成调查点图斑集；将监测范围内的河流进行分段，提取各河段对应的汇水区；将多个汇水区与调查点图斑集进行空间叠加，对其中的污染源调查点进行增减；对污染源调查点的数量进行判断，如果污染源调查点的数量与预设样本点总数匹配，则输出包括水环境污染源调查点的目标调查点图斑集。由于在选取调查点时考虑了水质监测数据，因此解决了无法使水环境监测断面数据与水环境污染源空间分布数据有机整合的问题。
The embodiment of the present invention provides a method and device for selecting water environment pollution source survey points, specifically obtaining pollution source data, water quality monitoring data, river data, road data and administrative division data within a preset monitoring range; randomly selecting multiple pollution source objects as pollution source survey points to form a survey point map set; segmenting the rivers within the monitoring range, extracting the catchment areas corresponding to each river section; spatially superimposing multiple catchment areas with the survey point map set, and increasing or decreasing the pollution source survey points therein; judging the number of pollution source survey points, if the number of pollution source survey points matches the total number of preset sample points, then outputting a target survey point map set including water environment pollution source survey points. Since water quality monitoring data is taken into account when selecting survey points, the problem of being unable to organically integrate water environment monitoring section data with water environment pollution source spatial distribution data is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of environmental protection, in particular to a method and a device for selecting a water environment pollution source survey.
Background
The water environment pollution is one of the important pollution at present, the specific situation of the water environment pollution source is an important basis for pollution control and environment-friendly law enforcement, but the water environment covers vast national soil and regions, and the comprehensive field investigation is unrealistic, so the sampling investigation is an important means for grasping the actual situation of the water environment pollution source.
In practice, the inventor of the present application finds that most of traditional sampling investigation adopts statistical means, and performs investigation point selection based on table attributes, and then performs field investigation sampling aiming at the selected investigation point to obtain water environment monitoring section data. However, the water environment pollution source has the characteristics of spacization, discretization, classification and the like, and has strong correlation with the water quality data of the surrounding river, and the factors are not considered when the investigation point is selected at present, so that the investigation point selected at present cannot organically integrate the water environment monitoring section data with the water environment pollution source spatial distribution data, and the obtained water environment monitoring section data cannot effectively support the works of sampling investigation, water environment law enforcement and the like of the water environment pollution source.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a method and a device for selecting a water environment pollution source investigation point, which are used for solving the problem that the currently selected investigation point cannot organically integrate water environment monitoring section data with water environment pollution source spatial distribution data.
In view of the above, the invention discloses a method for selecting a water environment pollution source investigation point, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
Acquiring pollution source data, water quality monitoring data, river data, road data and administrative division data in a preset monitoring range;
Randomly extracting a plurality of pollution source objects from the monitoring range based on the pollution source data, the river data, the road data and/or the administrative region data to serve as pollution source check points to form a check point pattern set, wherein the number of the pollution source check points is greater than or equal to two times or more than two times of the total number of preset sample points;
Segmenting the river in the monitoring range, and extracting a catchment area corresponding to each river segment;
The catchment areas and the survey dot pattern spot sets are spatially overlapped, the main pollution source types of the segments are identified by utilizing the water quality monitoring data, and pollution source survey points in the survey dot pattern spot sets are increased or decreased according to the main pollution source types;
And judging the number of the pollution source check points, if the number of the pollution source check points is not matched with the total number of the preset sample points, returning to the previous step, otherwise, outputting a target check point spot set comprising all the increased and decreased pollution source check points.
Optionally, the step of obtaining pollution source data, water quality detection data, river data, road data and administrative division data in a preset monitoring range includes the steps of:
The pollution source data are obtained through processing the remote sensing image data and/or POI data;
Acquiring the water quality monitoring data based on an on-site monitoring mode;
And processing the remote sensing image data to obtain the river data, the road data and the administrative division data.
Optionally, the total number of the preset sample points meets the requirement of a sampling mode, a sampling formula and a sampling model in statistics.
Optionally, the segmenting the river in the monitoring range, extracting the catchment area corresponding to each river segment, includes the steps of:
Segmenting the river to obtain the river reach;
classifying the river reach between two monitoring sections into a plurality of water quality grades by utilizing the water quality monitoring data of each monitoring section in the river reach;
and extracting the catchment area of the river reach by using DEM, remote sensing and/or underground pipe network data based on the water quality levels.
The device for selecting the water environment pollution source investigation point comprises the following components:
the data acquisition module is configured to acquire pollution source data, water quality monitoring data, river data, road data and administrative division data in a preset monitoring range;
The survey point extraction module is configured to randomly extract a plurality of pollution source objects from the monitoring range based on the pollution source data, the river data, the road data and/or the administrative region data to serve as pollution source survey points, so as to form a survey point pattern set, wherein the number of the pollution source survey points is greater than or equal to two times or more than the total number of preset sample points;
The catchment area extraction module is configured to segment the river in the monitoring range and extract catchment areas corresponding to all river segments;
the survey point adjustment module is configured to spatially superimpose the plurality of catchment areas and the survey point pattern spot set, identify the main pollution source type of the segment by utilizing the water quality monitoring data, and increase or decrease pollution source survey points in the survey point pattern spot set according to the main pollution source type;
and the selecting and outputting module is configured to judge the number of the pollution source check points, if the number of the pollution source check points is not matched with the total number of the preset sample points, returning to the previous step, otherwise, outputting a target check point spot set comprising all the increased and decreased pollution source check points.
Optionally, the data acquisition module includes:
The first acquisition unit is used for processing the remote sensing image data and/or the POI data to obtain the pollution source data;
the second acquisition unit is used for acquiring the water quality monitoring data based on an on-site monitoring mode;
and the third acquisition unit is used for obtaining the river data, the road data and the administrative division data through processing the remote sensing image data.
Optionally, the total number of the preset sample points meets the requirement of a sampling mode, a sampling formula and a sampling model in statistics.
Optionally, the catchment area extraction module includes:
the segmentation executing unit is used for segmenting the river to obtain the river reach;
The river reach grading unit is used for grading the river reach between two monitoring sections into a plurality of water quality grades by utilizing the water quality monitoring data of each monitoring section in the river reach;
And the extraction execution unit is used for extracting the catchment area of the river reach based on the water quality levels and by utilizing DEM, remote sensing and/or underground pipe network data.
According to the technical scheme, the method and the device for selecting the water environment pollution source investigation points are provided, specifically, pollution source data, water quality monitoring data, river data, road data and administrative division data in a preset monitoring range are obtained, a plurality of pollution source objects are randomly extracted to serve as the pollution source investigation points to form investigation point pattern spot sets, rivers in the monitoring range are segmented, water collecting areas corresponding to all river sections are extracted, the water collecting areas and the investigation point pattern spot sets are spatially overlapped, the pollution source investigation points in the water collecting areas and the investigation point pattern spot sets are increased or decreased, the number of the pollution source investigation points is judged, and if the number of the pollution source investigation points is matched with the total number of preset sample points, a target investigation point pattern spot set comprising the water environment pollution source investigation points is output. Because the water quality monitoring data are considered when the investigation points are selected, the problem that the water environment monitoring section data and the water environment pollution source spatial distribution data cannot be organically integrated is solved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for selecting a water environment pollution source inspection point according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of river water quality and catchment area;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the superposition of a catchment area and a survey dot pattern spot set;
fig. 4 is a block diagram of a selection device for a water environment pollution source inspection point according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for selecting a water environment pollution source inspection point according to an embodiment of the present application.
Referring to fig. 1, the selection method provided in this embodiment is applied to electronic devices such as a computer or a server, and the selection method is specifically used for selecting a water environment pollution source investigation point based on water quality monitoring data, and the selection method specifically includes the following steps:
s1, acquiring various data related to a pollution source in a preset monitoring range.
And acquiring various data related to the pollution source in a preset monitoring range automatically or based on input of a user, wherein the preset monitoring range can be a certain geographical range determined according to monitoring requirements, such as a province, a region or a county, and the like, and the various data comprise water quality monitoring data, river data, road data, administrative division data and the like.
The pollution source data can be extracted based on remote sensing image data, POI data and the like, water quality monitoring data of corresponding rivers can be obtained based on an in-situ monitoring method or a manual acquisition method, and river data, road data and administrative division data can be extracted based on the remote sensing image. Such pollution source data include addresses, scales, etc. of hotels, restaurants, car washes, bath sites, etc.
S2, randomly extracting a plurality of pollution source check points from a preset monitoring range.
Namely, a plurality of pollution source objects are randomly extracted from the monitoring range as corresponding pollution source investigation points based on the pollution source data, river data, road data and administrative division data, and the pollution source investigation points are collected, so that a investigation point pattern spot set comprising the pollution source investigation points is obtained.
The number of the selected pollution source investigation points is greater than or equal to twice the total number of the preset sample points. The total number of the preset sample points meets the requirements of a sampling mode, a sampling formula and a sampling model in statistics. The general trend should satisfy the principles of positive correlation of aberration of sampling pair and sampling number, etc., and the sampling point splitting principle is set to determine the investigation point proportion of each pollution source type and each administrative area (river basin).
The investigation point proportion can be set according to the quantity proportion of various pollution sources, the importance degree of the pollution sources, the distance between the pollution sources and the river channel, and the investigation point proportion can be set according to the area proportion of each administrative region, the urban process, the road network density proportion, the river network density proportion, the population proportion, and the like.
For example, the main pollution sources in the research area are divided into point sources and non-point sources, wherein the point sources comprise factories and communities, the non-point sources comprise farmlands and rural areas, and preliminary researches show that the main pollution sources in the research area are the non-point sources, and the resident life is relatively large, so that the distribution proportion of the investigation points can be suitable for investigation in rural areas, and the ratio of the factories to the communities to the farmlands to the rural areas=1:2:3:4
The method how to determine the total number of the sample points is many, but the formula test shows that when the error and the confidence interval are definite, the sample amounts calculated by different sample electronic total number calculation formulas are quite similar, so that the formulas for calculating the total number of the sample points by simple random sampling can be used to approximate the preset sample points of other sampling methods, the method can be more rapid and convenient, and then the preset sample points can be distributed into all subdomains according to a certain method.
For known data to be the absolute number, we generally calculate the total number of pre-set sample points required according to the following procedure. Knowing the accuracy (E) of the desired survey results, the confidence (L) of the desired survey results, and the specific data of the total standard deviation estimate σ, the total number of sample points N.
The calculation formula is N=sigma 2/(e2/Z2+σ2/N
In special cases, if it is a large population, the calculation formula becomes n=z 2σ2/e2
S3, segmenting the river, and extracting the catchment area of each river segment.
The river is segmented according to water quality to obtain a plurality of river segments, then the water quality monitoring data of each monitoring section is utilized to classify the river segments between two sections into I-V levels, and finally the water collecting area of the river segments is extracted by utilizing DEM (elevation data), remote sensing data, underground pipe network data and the like, and as shown in figure 2, the surface runoffs of pollution sources, rain and sewage in the water collecting area are all collected into the corresponding river segments;
Specifically, a DEM (elevation data) is utilized to extract a natural catchment area, a river channel is segmented according to water quality monitoring point data, the natural catchment area is corrected by combining underground pipe network data, catchment units are in one-to-one correspondence with river segments, and a river segment corresponds to a unique catchment unit (water in the area finally flows to the river segment).
S4, increasing and decreasing pollution source investigation points in the investigation point pattern set.
The method comprises the steps of carrying out space superposition on a catchment area of each river reach and a sampled survey dot pattern spot set, as shown in fig. 3, identifying main pollution source types of the river reach by using monitoring data, namely, if ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus exceed standards, generating a living source, if antibiotics and permanganate exceed standards, generating an industrial source and the like, deleting pollution source survey dots based on the identification results, and forming a new survey dot pattern spot set.
S5, outputting a target survey dot pattern spot set according to the number of the residual pollution source survey dots.
After the above-described processing, the number of contamination source survey points contained in the original survey point spot set may be changed, and it is determined whether the number matches the total number of the preset sample points determined initially, and the matching may be regarded as equal.
If the two are not matched, returning to the previous step to continuously adjust the quantity, and if the two are matched, outputting a target survey dot pattern spot set comprising the breeding pollution source survey points, wherein the target survey dot pattern spot set comprises the water environment pollution source survey points obtained after final screening.
According to the technical scheme, the method for selecting the water environment pollution source investigation points is provided, specifically, pollution source data, water quality monitoring data, river data, road data and administrative division data in a preset monitoring range are obtained, a plurality of pollution source objects are randomly extracted to serve as the pollution source investigation points to form investigation point pattern spot sets, rivers in the monitoring range are segmented, water collecting areas corresponding to all river sections are extracted, the water collecting areas and the investigation point pattern spot sets are spatially overlapped, the pollution source investigation points in the water collecting areas and the investigation point pattern spot sets are increased or decreased, the number of the pollution source investigation points is judged, and if the number of the pollution source investigation points is matched with the total number of preset sample points, the target investigation point pattern spot sets comprising the water environment pollution source investigation points are output. Because the water quality monitoring data are considered when the investigation points are selected, the problem that the water environment monitoring section data and the water environment pollution source spatial distribution data cannot be organically integrated is solved.
Example 1
Fig. 4 is a block diagram of a selection device for an inspection point of a water environment pollution source according to an embodiment of the present application.
Referring to fig. 4, the selecting device provided in this embodiment is applied to electronic devices such as a computer or a server, or the electronic device itself, and the selecting device is specifically configured to select a water environment pollution source investigation point based on water quality monitoring data, and specifically includes a data acquisition module 10, an investigation point extraction module 20, a catchment area extraction module 30, an investigation point adjustment module 40, and a selection output module 50.
The data acquisition module is used for acquiring various data related to the pollution source in a preset monitoring range.
And acquiring various data related to the pollution source in a preset monitoring range automatically or based on input of a user, wherein the preset monitoring range can be a certain geographical range determined according to monitoring requirements, such as a province, a region or a county, and the like, and the various data comprise water quality monitoring data, river data, road data, administrative division data and the like.
The module spinous process includes a first acquisition unit, a second acquisition unit, and a third acquisition unit. The method comprises the steps of acquiring pollution source data based on remote sensing image data, POI data and the like, acquiring water quality monitoring data of a corresponding river based on an in-situ monitoring method or a manual acquisition method, and extracting river data, road data and administrative division data based on remote sensing images. Such pollution source data include addresses, scales, etc. of hotels, restaurants, car washes, bath sites, etc.
The investigation point extraction module is used for randomly extracting a plurality of pollution source investigation points from a preset monitoring range.
Namely, a plurality of pollution source objects are randomly extracted from the monitoring range as corresponding pollution source investigation points based on the pollution source data, river data, road data and administrative division data, and the pollution source investigation points are collected, so that a investigation point pattern spot set comprising the pollution source investigation points is obtained.
The number of the selected pollution source investigation points is greater than or equal to twice the total number of the preset sample points. The total number of the preset sample points meets the requirements of a sampling mode, a sampling formula and a sampling model in statistics. The general trend should satisfy the principles of positive correlation of aberration of sampling pair and sampling number, etc., and the sampling point splitting principle is set to determine the investigation point proportion of each pollution source type and each administrative area (river basin).
The investigation point proportion can be set according to the quantity proportion of various pollution sources, the importance degree of the pollution sources, the distance between the pollution sources and the river channel, and the investigation point proportion can be set according to the area proportion of each administrative region, the urban process, the road network density proportion, the river network density proportion, the population proportion, and the like.
For example, the main pollution sources in the research area are divided into point sources and non-point sources, wherein the point sources comprise factories and communities, the non-point sources comprise farmlands and rural areas, and preliminary researches show that the main pollution sources in the research area are the non-point sources, and the resident life is relatively large, so that the distribution proportion of the investigation points can be suitable for investigation in rural areas, and the ratio of the factories to the communities to the farmlands to the rural areas=1:2:3:4
The method how to determine the total number of the sample points is many, but the formula test shows that when the error and the confidence interval are definite, the sample amounts calculated by different sample electronic total number calculation formulas are quite similar, so that the formulas for calculating the total number of the sample points by simple random sampling can be used to approximate the preset sample points of other sampling methods, the method can be more rapid and convenient, and then the preset sample points can be distributed into all subdomains according to a certain method.
For known data to be the absolute number, we generally calculate the total number of pre-set sample points required according to the following procedure. Knowing the accuracy (E) of the desired survey results, the confidence (L) of the desired survey results, and the specific data of the total standard deviation estimate σ, the total number of sample points N.
The calculation formula is N=sigma 2/(e2/Z2+σ2/N
In special cases, if it is a large population, the calculation formula becomes n=z 2σ2/e2
The catchment area extraction module is used for segmenting the river and extracting catchment areas of all river sections.
Specifically, the module comprises a segmentation executing unit, a river reach grading unit and an extraction executing unit. The segmentation execution unit is used for segmenting the river according to the water quality to obtain a plurality of river segments; the river reach grading unit is used for grading the river reach between two sections into I-V grade by utilizing water quality monitoring data of each monitoring section, and the extraction execution unit is used for extracting a catchment area of the river reach by utilizing DEM (elevation data), remote sensing data, underground pipe network data and the like, and as shown in figure 2, the surface runoffs of pollution sources, rain and sewage in the catchment area are all converged into the corresponding river reach;
Specifically, a DEM (elevation data) is utilized to extract a natural catchment area, a river channel is segmented according to water quality monitoring point data, the natural catchment area is corrected by combining underground pipe network data, catchment units are in one-to-one correspondence with river segments, and a river segment corresponds to a unique catchment unit (water in the area finally flows to the river segment).
The survey point adjustment module is used for increasing and decreasing the pollution source survey points in the survey point pattern set.
The method comprises the steps of carrying out space superposition on a catchment area of each river reach and a sampled survey dot pattern spot set, as shown in fig. 3, identifying main pollution source types of the river reach by using monitoring data, namely, if ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus exceed standards, generating a living source, if antibiotics and permanganate exceed standards, generating an industrial source and the like, deleting pollution source survey dots based on the identification results, and forming a new survey dot pattern spot set.
The selecting and outputting module is used for outputting a target survey dot pattern spot set according to the number of the residual pollution source survey dots.
After the above-described processing, the number of contamination source survey points contained in the original survey point spot set may be changed, and it is determined whether the number matches the total number of the preset sample points determined initially, and the matching may be regarded as equal.
If the two are not matched, returning to the previous step to continuously adjust the quantity, and if the two are matched, outputting a target survey dot pattern spot set comprising the breeding pollution source survey points, wherein the target survey dot pattern spot set comprises the water environment pollution source survey points obtained after final screening.
According to the technical scheme, the device is used for acquiring pollution source data, water quality monitoring data, river data, road data and administrative division data in a preset monitoring range, randomly extracting a plurality of pollution source objects to form a survey spot pattern set as the pollution source survey points, segmenting a river in the monitoring range, extracting water collecting areas corresponding to all river sections, spatially superposing the water collecting areas and the survey spot pattern set, increasing and decreasing the pollution source survey points in the water collecting areas, judging the number of the pollution source survey points, and outputting a target survey spot pattern set comprising the water environment pollution source survey points if the number of the pollution source survey points is matched with the total number of the preset sample points. Because the water quality monitoring data are considered when the investigation points are selected, the problem that the water environment monitoring section data and the water environment pollution source spatial distribution data cannot be organically integrated is solved.
In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is mainly described by differences from other embodiments, and identical and similar parts between the embodiments are all enough to be referred to each other.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, apparatus, or computer program product. Accordingly, embodiments of the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, embodiments of the invention may take the form of a computer program product on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
Embodiments of the present invention are described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, terminal devices (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing terminal device to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing terminal device, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. It is therefore intended that the following claims be interpreted as including the preferred embodiment and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the embodiments of the invention.
Finally, it is further noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or terminal that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or terminal. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article or terminal device comprising the element.
While the foregoing has been provided to illustrate the principles and embodiments of the present invention, specific examples have been provided herein to assist in understanding the principles and embodiments of the present invention, and are intended to be in no way limiting, for those of ordinary skill in the art will, in light of the above teachings, appreciate that the principles and embodiments of the present invention may be varied in any way.
Claims (8)
1. The method for selecting the water environment pollution source investigation point is characterized by comprising the following steps:
Acquiring pollution source data, water quality monitoring data, river data, road data and administrative division data in a preset monitoring range;
Randomly extracting a plurality of pollution source objects from the monitoring range based on the pollution source data, the river data, the road data and/or the administrative region data to serve as pollution source check points to form a check point spot set, wherein the number of the pollution source check points is greater than or equal to two times or more than two times of the total number of preset sample points;
Segmenting the river in the monitoring range, and extracting a catchment area corresponding to each river segment;
The catchment areas and the survey dot pattern spot sets are spatially overlapped, the main pollution source types of the segments are identified by utilizing the water quality monitoring data, and pollution source survey points in the survey dot pattern spot sets are increased or decreased according to the main pollution source types;
And judging the number of the pollution source check points, if the number of the pollution source check points is not matched with the total number of the preset sample points, returning to the previous step, otherwise, outputting a target check point spot set comprising all the increased and decreased pollution source check points.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of acquiring pollution source data, water quality detection data, river data, road data, and administrative division data within a predetermined monitoring range comprises the steps of:
The pollution source data are obtained through processing the remote sensing image data and/or POI data;
Acquiring the water quality monitoring data based on an on-site monitoring mode;
And processing the remote sensing image data to obtain the river data, the road data and the administrative division data.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the predetermined total number of sample points meets statistical requirements for sampling patterns, sampling formulas, and sampling models.
4. The method for selecting as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step of segmenting the river in the monitoring range to extract the corresponding catchment area of each river segment comprises the steps of:
Segmenting the river to obtain the river reach;
classifying the river reach between two monitoring sections into a plurality of water quality grades by utilizing the water quality monitoring data of each monitoring section in the river reach;
and extracting the catchment area of the river reach by using DEM, remote sensing and/or underground pipe network data based on the water quality levels.
5. The device for selecting the water environment pollution source investigation point is characterized by comprising the following components:
the data acquisition module is configured to acquire pollution source data, water quality monitoring data, river data, road data and administrative division data in a preset monitoring range;
The survey point extraction module is configured to randomly extract a plurality of pollution source objects from the monitoring range based on the pollution source data, the river data, the road data and/or the administrative region data to serve as pollution source survey points to form a survey point spot set, wherein the number of the pollution source survey points is greater than or equal to two times or more than the total number of preset sample points;
The catchment area extraction module is configured to segment the river in the monitoring range and extract catchment areas corresponding to all river segments;
the survey point adjustment module is configured to spatially superimpose the plurality of catchment areas and the survey point pattern spot set, identify the main pollution source type of the segment by utilizing the water quality monitoring data, and increase or decrease pollution source survey points in the survey point pattern spot set according to the main pollution source type;
and the selecting and outputting module is configured to judge the number of the pollution source check points, if the number of the pollution source check points is not matched with the total number of the preset sample points, returning to the previous step, otherwise, outputting a target check point spot set comprising all the increased and decreased pollution source check points.
6. The selection device according to claim 5, wherein the data acquisition module comprises:
The first acquisition unit is used for processing the remote sensing image data and/or the POI data to obtain the pollution source data;
the second acquisition unit is used for acquiring the water quality monitoring data based on an on-site monitoring mode;
and the third acquisition unit is used for obtaining the river data, the road data and the administrative division data through processing the remote sensing image data.
7. The selection device of claim 5, wherein the predetermined total number of sample points meets statistical requirements for sampling patterns, sampling formulas, and sampling models.
8. The selection device of claim 5, wherein the catchment area extraction module comprises:
the segmentation executing unit is used for segmenting the river to obtain the river reach;
The river reach grading unit is used for grading the river reach between two monitoring sections into a plurality of water quality grades by utilizing the water quality monitoring data of each monitoring section in the river reach;
And the extraction execution unit is used for extracting the catchment area of the river reach based on the water quality levels and by utilizing DEM, remote sensing and/or underground pipe network data.
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