CN114203197A - Objective evaluation method, system, equipment and storage medium for in-vehicle audio quality - Google Patents
Objective evaluation method, system, equipment and storage medium for in-vehicle audio quality Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an objective evaluation method for sound quality of sound in a vehicle, which comprises the following steps: acquiring in-vehicle recording signals and playing source signals; calculating a sound quality sense objective parameter according to the in-vehicle recording signal and the playing source signal, wherein the sound quality sense objective parameter comprises a sound quality distortion parameter and a frequency response parameter; and carrying out weighting processing on the tone quality distortion parameters and the frequency response parameters according to preset weight coefficients, and generating and outputting an evaluation result. The invention also discloses an objective evaluation system of the sound quality of the sound in the vehicle, a computer device and a computer readable storage medium. According to the invention, the quality of sound quality of the sound of the whole vehicle can be rapidly and effectively evaluated by measuring and calculating the objective index corresponding to the sound quality in the vehicle.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of automobile sound, in particular to an objective evaluation method for sound quality of an in-car sound, an objective evaluation system for sound quality of the in-car sound, computer equipment and a computer readable storage medium.
Background
With the rapid development of the automobile industry, the comfort requirement of customers on automobiles is improved, and the sound quality becomes an important factor of product competitiveness, so that the research and application of the sound quality become a research hotspot of an automobile acoustic system.
The sound effect of the whole vehicle is the final expression form of the sound, and most intuitively noticed by consumers, and the quality of the sound becomes an important index for positioning the quality of a vehicle type, so that how to quickly and objectively evaluate the sound quality of the sound in the vehicle becomes a problem which needs to be solved urgently.
However, the sound field environment in the automobile is complex, which affects the effectiveness of the standard objective index, and makes it lack robustness, repeatability and perception correlation. Meanwhile, the sound field in the automobile is different from the environment of a common room, the environment of the sound field in the automobile belongs to a small space, and has the characteristics of high reflection surface, complex geometric shape, suboptimal arrangement of speakers, asymmetric acoustic path and the like, and the objective index of hall acoustics cannot be directly used.
Therefore, a set of evaluation method suitable for sound quality of the sound in the vehicle is established, and the method has important research significance and economic value.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide an objective evaluation method, a system, computer equipment and a computer readable storage medium for the sound quality of the sound in the vehicle, which can measure and calculate the objective parameters of sound quality sense in the vehicle and can quickly and effectively evaluate the sound quality of the sound in the whole vehicle.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides an objective evaluation method for sound quality of in-vehicle sound, which comprises the following steps: acquiring in-vehicle recording signals and playing source signals; calculating a sound quality sense objective parameter according to the in-vehicle recording signal and the playing source signal, wherein the sound quality sense objective parameter comprises a sound quality distortion parameter and a frequency response parameter; and carrying out weighting processing on the tone quality distortion parameters and the frequency response parameters according to preset weight coefficients, and generating and outputting an evaluation result.
As an improvement of the above scheme, the step of calculating the objective sound quality parameter according to the in-vehicle recording signal and the playback source signal includes: aligning the in-vehicle recording signal with a playing source signal; extracting a step frequency sweep signal according to the aligned in-vehicle recording signal and the playing source signal; windowing each section of single-frequency signals of the step frequency sweep signal by using a flat-top window, carrying out FFT (fast Fourier transform), and calculating the amplitude of frequency and harmonic; calculating the sound quality distortion parameters according to the amplitude and a preset parameter definition formula, wherein the sound quality distortion parameters comprise low-frequency harmonic distortion parameters, intermediate-frequency harmonic distortion parameters and high-frequency harmonic distortion parameters; extracting a white noise signal according to the aligned in-vehicle recording signal and the play source signal; intercepting a target signal from the white noise signal, windowing by using a Hanning window, carrying out short-time FFT (fast Fourier transform), and calculating frequency response; and calculating the frequency response parameters according to the frequency response and a preset parameter definition formula, wherein the frequency response parameters comprise absolute average deviation, low-frequency extension parameters, high-frequency extension parameters, spectrum flatness and spectrum gravity center.
As an improvement of the above scheme, the step of calculating the low-frequency harmonic distortion parameter, the intermediate-frequency harmonic distortion parameter, and the high-frequency harmonic distortion parameter according to the amplitude and a preset parameter definition formula includes: calculating a low-frequency harmonic distortion parameter, a medium-frequency harmonic distortion parameter and a high-frequency harmonic distortion parameter according to the following formulas;
wherein THD _ L is a low-frequency harmonic distortion parameter, THD _ M is an intermediate-frequency harmonic distortion parameter, and THD _ H is a high-frequency harmonic distortion parameterN is the total number of frequency points measured in the corresponding frequency band, fnFor the frequency value corresponding to the nth frequency point, THD (f)n) Is fnAnd (4) lower harmonic distortion.
As an improvement of the above solution, the step of calculating the absolute average deviation according to the frequency response and a preset parameter definition formula includes: calculating the absolute average deviation according to the following formula;
wherein AAD is the absolute mean deviation, N is the total number of 1/20 octave bands between 300Hz-16kHz, yband_nAverage amplitude, y, corresponding to the nth octave bandREF@1-3kHzThe average amplitude of the reference band is 1kHz-3 kHz.
As an improvement of the above scheme, the step of calculating the low frequency extension parameter according to the frequency response and the preset parameter definition formula includes: calculating a low-frequency extension parameter according to the following formula;
wherein LFX is used for calculating low-frequency extension parameter, yREFAdding 10dB, x to the average amplitude in the reference band-6dBIs below 300Hz and below yREFThe first frequency of value 6 dB.
As an improvement of the above solution, the step of calculating the high frequency extension parameter according to the frequency response and the preset parameter definition formula includes: calculating a high-frequency extension parameter according to the following formula;
wherein HFX is a high frequency extension parameter, yREFIs the average amplitude, x, within the reference band-6dBAbove 5kHz and below yREFThe first frequency of value 6 dB.
As an improvement of the above solution, the step of calculating the spectral flatness according to the frequency response and the preset parameter definition formula includes: calculating the flatness of the frequency spectrum according to the following formula;
wherein SPF is spectral flatness, skThe value of the signal amplitude spectrum at frequency point K is shown, and K is the upper limit frequency of the frequency band calculation range.
As an improvement of the above solution, the step of calculating the center of gravity of the frequency spectrum according to the frequency response and the preset parameter definition formula includes: calculating the center of gravity of the frequency spectrum according to the following formula;
SPC＝log10(spectral_centroid)，
where SPC is the center of gravity of the spectrum, sk(tm) At a time tmThe value of the windowed amplitude spectrum of (a) at frequency point k, fkIs the frequency value corresponding to K, K is the upper limit frequency point of the frequency band calculation range, and spectral _ center is each time tmThe average of the results is calculated.
Correspondingly, the invention also provides an objective evaluation system for the sound quality of the sound in the vehicle, which comprises the following steps: the acquisition module is used for acquiring in-vehicle recording signals and playing source signals; the calculation module is used for calculating a sound quality sense objective parameter according to the in-vehicle recording signal and the playing source signal, wherein the sound quality sense objective parameter comprises a sound quality distortion parameter and a frequency response parameter; and the evaluation result output module is used for carrying out weighting processing on the sound quality distortion parameters and the frequency response parameters according to preset weight coefficients, and generating and outputting an evaluation result.
As an improvement of the above solution, the calculation module includes: the alignment unit is used for aligning the in-vehicle recording signal with a playing source signal; the first extraction unit is used for extracting a step frequency sweep signal according to the aligned in-vehicle recording signal and the play source signal; the first conversion unit is used for windowing each section of single-frequency signals of the step frequency sweep signal by using a flat-top window and carrying out FFT (fast Fourier transform) conversion, and calculating the amplitude of frequency and harmonic; the first calculation unit is used for calculating the tone quality distortion parameters according to the amplitude and a preset parameter definition formula, wherein the tone quality distortion parameters comprise low-frequency harmonic distortion parameters, intermediate-frequency harmonic distortion parameters and high-frequency harmonic distortion parameters; the second extraction unit is used for extracting a white noise signal according to the aligned in-vehicle recording signal and the play source signal; the second transformation unit is used for intercepting a target signal from the white noise signal, using a Hanning window to perform windowing, performing short-time FFT (fast Fourier transform) transformation and calculating frequency response; and the second calculation unit is used for calculating the frequency response parameters according to the frequency response and a preset parameter definition formula, wherein the frequency response parameters comprise absolute average deviation, low-frequency extension parameters, high-frequency extension parameters, spectrum flatness and spectrum gravity center.
Correspondingly, the invention also provides computer equipment which comprises a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor realizes the steps of the objective evaluation method for the sound quality of the sound in the vehicle when executing the computer program.
Accordingly, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the above-described objective evaluation method of sound quality of an in-vehicle sound.
The implementation of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, 8 objective parameters of sound quality sense are selected for calculation on the sound quality sense of the in-vehicle sound objective evaluation, so that the obvious difference can be embodied between different automobile sound systems, and the method is suitable for the sound field environment of the in-vehicle small space.
Furthermore, the invention combines the frequency division mode of the general sound system in the vehicle to divide the frequency response curve of the whole vehicle into 3 frequency ranges, namely low frequency (50-300Hz), medium frequency (300-. Meanwhile, the invention forms 5 objective parameters (absolute average deviation, low-frequency extension parameter, high-frequency extension parameter, spectrum flatness and spectrum gravity center) of sound quality feeling obtained by frequency response secondary calculation by referring to the frequency band division mode. By measuring and calculating the objective sound texture parameters in the vehicle, subjective evaluation results can be further estimated through objective measurement, and the sound texture of the whole vehicle can be quickly and effectively evaluated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a first embodiment of the objective evaluation method of sound quality of in-vehicle sound of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a second embodiment of the objective evaluation method for sound quality of in-vehicle audio of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an objective evaluation system for sound quality of in-vehicle sound according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram of a calculation unit in the objective evaluation system for sound quality of in-vehicle sound according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 shows a flowchart of a first embodiment of the objective evaluation method for sound quality of an in-vehicle sound of the present invention, which includes:
and S101, acquiring a recording signal and a playing source signal in the vehicle.
During operation, a 'playing source signal' prepared in advance is played in the vehicle, and meanwhile, a sound signal in the vehicle is recorded through recording equipment so as to form an 'in-vehicle recording signal'. That is, the playback source signal refers to an audio file input into the vehicle audio setting; the in-car recording signal refers to an audio file recorded after being played through an in-car sound box.
And S102, calculating a sound quality sense objective parameter according to the in-vehicle recording signal and the playing source signal.
By comparing and analyzing the in-vehicle recording signal and the playing source signal, objective parameters of sound quality sensation are calculated according to a preset parameter definition formula.
It should be noted that, the in-vehicle sound system is different from a general environment, and there are many in-vehicle reflectors, which results in many peaks and valleys of the frequency response, and meanwhile, the in-vehicle sound system generally improves the low-frequency radiation performance in a balanced manner, so that the selected definition of the objective sound quality sensation parameter needs to consider the in-vehicle sound field condition, so as to further improve the effectiveness of the objective sound quality sensation parameter.
In the prior art, the sound field in the car is generally evaluated by using the acoustic relevant parameters of the hall. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that 8 objective parameters of sound quality sense are selected for calculation on the sound quality sense of the in-vehicle sound objective evaluation, so that the obvious difference can be embodied between different automobile sound systems, and the method is suitable for the sound field environment of the in-vehicle small space.
Specifically, the psychoacoustic objective parameters include a low-frequency harmonic distortion parameter, a medium-frequency harmonic distortion parameter, a high-frequency harmonic distortion parameter, an absolute average deviation, a low-frequency extension parameter, a high-frequency extension parameter, a spectrum flatness, and a spectrum center of gravity. The low-frequency harmonic distortion parameter refers to average harmonic distortion under a low-frequency band; the medium-frequency harmonic distortion parameter refers to average harmonic distortion under a medium-frequency band; the high-frequency harmonic distortion parameter refers to average harmonic distortion under a high-frequency band; the absolute average deviation is used for representing the absolute amplitude difference between each octave frequency band and the reference frequency band, and the higher the absolute average deviation value is, the larger the deviation of the amplitude and the reference frequency band is; spectral flatness, i.e., the ratio of the geometric mean to the arithmetic mean of the power spectrum of a signal, indicates a higher flatness as the value approaches 1.
S103, weighting the psychoacoustic objective parameters according to preset weight coefficients, and generating and outputting an evaluation result.
And constructing a model through a preset weight coefficient and the objective psychoacoustic parameter to obtain an evaluation result. It should be noted that the weight coefficient may be preset according to an actual situation, and the flexibility is strong.
For example, if the base weight coefficient is a, the weight coefficient corresponding to the absolute average deviation is b, the weight coefficient corresponding to the low-frequency extension parameter is c, the weight coefficient corresponding to the high-frequency extension parameter is d, the weight coefficient corresponding to the spectral flatness is e, the weight coefficient corresponding to the spectral centroid is f, the weight coefficient corresponding to the low-frequency harmonic distortion parameter is g, the weight coefficient corresponding to the intermediate-frequency harmonic distortion parameter is h, and the weight coefficient corresponding to the high-frequency harmonic distortion parameter is i, the evaluation result S ═ a + b × absolute average deviation + c × low-frequency extension parameter + d × high-frequency extension parameter + e × spectral flatness + f × spectral centroid + g × low-frequency harmonic distortion parameter + h × intermediate-frequency harmonic distortion parameter + i × high-frequency harmonic distortion parameter.
Therefore, the sound texture is separated from the basic measurement for evaluation, and the sound texture objective parameters are measured and calculated in the vehicle, so that the subjective evaluation result can be further estimated through objective measurement, and the sound texture of the whole vehicle can be quickly and effectively evaluated.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a flowchart showing a second embodiment of the objective evaluation method for sound quality of an in-vehicle sound according to the present invention, which includes:
s201, obtaining the in-vehicle recording signal and the playing source signal.
S202, aligning the in-vehicle recording signal with a playing source signal.
And comparing and analyzing the in-vehicle recording signal and the playing source signal, and aligning the signals according to the playing source signal.
And S203, extracting a step frequency sweep signal according to the aligned in-vehicle recording signal and the playing source signal.
And S204, windowing each section of single-frequency signal of the step frequency sweep signal by using a flat-top window, carrying out FFT (fast Fourier transform), and calculating the amplitude of frequency and harmonic.
Windowing each segment of the single-frequency signal of the aligned step sweep signal with a flat-top window of duration 1s (discrete sampling point 48000), calculating the FFT, and calculating the amplitude at that frequency, as well as the amplitude of each harmonic. Wherein, the number of points of FFT is equal to the window length of the flat-top window.
And S205, calculating a low-frequency harmonic distortion parameter, a medium-frequency harmonic distortion parameter and a high-frequency harmonic distortion parameter according to the amplitude and a preset parameter definition formula.
The related parameters of harmonic distortion comprise a low-frequency harmonic distortion parameter, an intermediate-frequency harmonic distortion parameter and a high-frequency harmonic distortion parameter, wherein the low-frequency harmonic distortion parameter refers to average harmonic distortion under a low-frequency band, the intermediate-frequency harmonic distortion parameter refers to average harmonic distortion under the intermediate-frequency band, and the high-frequency harmonic distortion parameter refers to average harmonic distortion under the high-frequency band. Specifically, the low-frequency harmonic distortion parameter THD _ L, the intermediate-frequency harmonic distortion parameter THD _ M, and the high-frequency harmonic distortion parameter THD _ H may be calculated according to the following formulas;
wherein N is the total number of frequency points measured in the corresponding frequency band, fnFor the frequency value corresponding to the nth frequency point, THD (f)n) Is fnAnd (4) lower harmonic distortion.
Therefore, the invention combines the frequency division mode of the general sound system in the vehicle to divide the frequency response curve of the whole vehicle into 3 frequency ranges, namely low frequency (50-300Hz), medium frequency (300-.
And S206, extracting a white noise signal according to the aligned in-vehicle recording signal and the play source signal.
And S207, intercepting a target signal from the white noise signal, windowing by using a Hanning window, performing short-time FFT (fast Fourier transform), and calculating frequency response.
And intercepting a section of target signal (10s) from the aligned white noise signal to perform short-time FFT (fast Fourier transform). Using a hanning window of duration 1s (discrete sample points 48000), where the window shift overlap ratio is 66.7%, and the number of points of the FFT is equal to the window length; and moving the window 25 times, performing FFT (fast Fourier transform) for 25 times, averaging the obtained 25 results, and adjusting the amplitude to be a real amplitude value according to the measurement range to obtain the frequency response of the measurement range.
And S208, calculating absolute average deviation, low-frequency extension parameters, high-frequency extension parameters, spectrum flatness and spectrum gravity center according to the frequency response and a preset parameter definition formula.
Referring to the frequency band division manner of step S205, 5 objective psychoacoustic parameters (absolute average deviation, low frequency extension parameter, high frequency extension parameter, spectral flatness, and spectral center of gravity) obtained by frequency response quadratic calculation are formed.
The absolute average deviation, the low frequency spread parameter, the high frequency spread parameter, the spectral flatness, and the spectral center of gravity will be described below with reference to specific calculation methods.
(1) Absolute mean deviation AAD
The absolute average deviation is used for representing the absolute amplitude difference between each octave frequency band and the reference frequency band; wherein a higher value of the absolute mean deviation indicates a larger deviation of the amplitude from the reference band. Specifically, the absolute average deviation AAD can be calculated according to the following formula,
wherein N is the total number of 1/20 octave bands between 300Hz-16kHz, yband_n is the average amplitude corresponding to the nth octave band, yREF@1-3kHzThe average amplitude of the reference band is 1kHz-3 kHz.
(2) Low frequency spread parameter LFX
The low frequency extension parameter LFX is calculated according to the following formula,
wherein, yREFAdding 10dB (i.e., y) to the average amplitude in the reference bandREFAverage amplitude within the reference band +10dB), x-6dBIs below 300Hz and below yREFThe first frequency of value 6 dB.
It should be noted that, since the car audio equalizer boosts the low frequency, yREF+10dB on the basis of the average amplitude in the reference band. The reference frequency band is 300Hz-10kHz, and for the sound system in the vehicle, the reference frequency band adopted by the invention is 300 Hz-3 kHz.
(3) High frequency spread parameter HFX
Calculating a high-frequency extension parameter HFX according to the following formula;
wherein, yREFIs the average amplitude, x, within the reference band- 6dBAbove 5kHz and below yREFAt the first frequency of 6dB, the reference band used in the present invention is taken to be 300 Hz-3 kHz.
(4) Spectral flatness SPF
The flatness of the frequency spectrum is the ratio of the geometric mean value and the arithmetic mean value of the power spectrum of the signal; the ratio is between 0 and 1, the calculation result is 1 for a white noise, and the calculation result is 0 for a pure tone signal; the closer the value is to 1, the higher the flatness is indicated; the value range can be enlarged by taking the logarithm, and the higher the result after taking the logarithm (closer to 0), the higher the flatness is.
Specifically, the spectral flatness SPF can be calculated according to the following formula;
wherein s iskThe value of the signal amplitude spectrum at a frequency point K is taken as the upper limit frequency of the frequency band calculation range, and 300Hz is selected as the frequency band calculation range adopted by the inventionMedium and high frequencies of 20 kHz.
(5) Spectral center of gravity SPC
Calculating a spectrum center of gravity SPC according to the following formula;
SPC＝log10(spectral_centroid)，
wherein s isk(tm) At a time tmThe value of the windowed amplitude spectrum of (a) at frequency point k, fkIs the frequency value corresponding to K, K is the upper limit frequency point of the frequency band calculation range, and spectral _ center is each time tmThe average of the results is calculated.
S209, carrying out weighting processing on the psychoacoustic objective parameters according to preset weight coefficients, and generating and outputting an evaluation result.
Specifically, the evaluation result is represented by S, and a, b, c, d, e, f, g, H, and i are weight coefficients, respectively, so that S is a + b × AAD + c × LFX + d × HFX + e × SPF + f × SPC + g × THD _ L + H × THD _ M + i × THD _ H.
Therefore, the present invention adopts 8 objective parameters related to timbre perception, including 5 objective parameters of timbre perception (absolute average deviation, low frequency extension parameter, high frequency extension parameter, spectrum flatness and spectrum center) obtained by frequency response second-order calculation, and 3 objective parameters of timbre perception (low frequency harmonic distortion parameter, medium frequency harmonic distortion parameter and high frequency harmonic distortion parameter) extracted from nonlinear harmonic distortion. By measuring and calculating the objective parameters of the sound quality in the vehicle, the subjective evaluation result can be further estimated through objective measurement.
The present invention will be described in further detail below by taking an in-vehicle audio system of 4 vehicles of a certain model as an example.
Step one, acquiring a recording signal and a playing source signal in a vehicle;
and step two, aligning the in-vehicle recording signal with a playing source signal.
And step three, extracting a step frequency sweep signal according to the aligned in-vehicle recording signal and the playing source signal.
And step four, windowing each section of single-frequency signals of the step frequency sweep signals by using a flat top window, carrying out FFT (fast Fourier transform), and calculating the amplitudes of the frequency and the harmonic waves.
And fifthly, calculating a low-frequency harmonic distortion parameter, a medium-frequency harmonic distortion parameter and a high-frequency harmonic distortion parameter according to the amplitude and a preset parameter definition formula.
Extracting a white noise signal according to the aligned in-vehicle recording signal and the play source signal;
intercepting a target signal from the white noise signal, windowing by using a Hanning window, performing short-time FFT (fast Fourier transform), and calculating frequency response;
and step eight, calculating absolute average deviation, low-frequency extension parameters, high-frequency extension parameters, spectrum flatness and spectrum gravity center according to the frequency response and a preset parameter definition formula.
Specific objective parameters of timbre perception are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
| Vehicle model | Vehicle type 1 | |
|
Vehicle type 4 |
| Absolute mean deviation | 5.84 | 6.59 | 7.12 | 5.3 |
| Low frequency spread parameter | 1.04 | 1.23 | 1.46 | 1.58 |
| High frequency extension parameter | 4.21 | 4.21 | 3.95 | 3.78 |
| Degree of spectral flatness | -2.2 | -0.63 | -1.73 | -1.32 |
| Center of gravity of frequency spectrum | 3.993 | 3.986 | 3.983 | 3.987 |
| Low frequency harmonic distortion parameter | 0.75 | 1.04 | 0.53 | 3.49 |
| Medium frequency harmonic distortion parameter | 0.11 | 0.3 | 0.39 | 0.43 |
| High frequency harmonic distortion parameter | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.09 | 0.05 |
Step nine, performing weighting processing on the psychoacoustics objective parameters according to preset weight coefficients, generating and outputting an evaluation result, wherein the specific weight coefficients are shown in table 2:
TABLE 2
| Weight coefficient | Value taking |
| a | 3 |
| b | 0.5 |
| c | -3 |
| d | 1 |
| e | 1 |
| f | 1 |
| g | -1 |
| h | -1 |
| i | -1 |
The results of the calculation and evaluation are shown in table 3:
TABLE 3
| Vehicle model | Vehicle type 1 | |
|
Vehicle type 4 |
| S | 7.913 | 8.811 | 6.373 | 3.387 |
Therefore, the objective timbre perception parameters in the invention show obvious differences on different vehicles, so that the evaluation results can be obtained as follows: vehicle type 2> vehicle type 1> vehicle type 3> vehicle type 4.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 shows a specific structure of the objective evaluation system 100 for sound quality of in-vehicle sound according to the present invention, which includes:
and the acquisition module 1 is used for acquiring the in-vehicle recording signal and the playing source signal. The playing source signal refers to an audio file input into the vehicle sound equipment; the in-car recording signal refers to an audio file recorded after being played through an in-car sound box.
And the calculating module 2 is used for calculating the sound quality objective parameters according to the in-vehicle recording signals and the playing source signals. The psychoacoustic objective parameters comprise a low-frequency harmonic distortion parameter, a medium-frequency harmonic distortion parameter, a high-frequency harmonic distortion parameter, an absolute average deviation, a low-frequency extension parameter, a high-frequency extension parameter, a frequency spectrum flatness and a frequency spectrum gravity center. The low-frequency harmonic distortion parameter refers to average harmonic distortion under a low-frequency band; the medium-frequency harmonic distortion parameter refers to average harmonic distortion under a medium-frequency band; the high-frequency harmonic distortion parameter refers to average harmonic distortion under a high-frequency band; the absolute average deviation is used for representing the absolute amplitude difference between each octave frequency band and the reference frequency band, and the higher the absolute average deviation value is, the larger the deviation of the amplitude and the reference frequency band is; spectral flatness, i.e., the ratio of the geometric mean to the arithmetic mean of the power spectrum of a signal, indicates a higher flatness as the value approaches 1.
And the evaluation result output module 3 is used for performing weighting processing on the psychoacoustics objective parameters according to preset weight coefficients, and generating and outputting an evaluation result. And constructing a model through a preset weight coefficient and the objective psychoacoustic parameter to obtain an evaluation result. It should be noted that the weight coefficient may be preset according to an actual situation, and the flexibility is strong.
For example, if the base weight coefficient is a, the weight coefficient corresponding to the absolute average deviation is b, the weight coefficient corresponding to the low-frequency extension parameter is c, the weight coefficient corresponding to the high-frequency extension parameter is d, the weight coefficient corresponding to the spectral flatness is e, the weight coefficient corresponding to the spectral centroid is f, the weight coefficient corresponding to the low-frequency harmonic distortion parameter is g, the weight coefficient corresponding to the intermediate-frequency harmonic distortion parameter is h, and the weight coefficient corresponding to the high-frequency harmonic distortion parameter is i, the evaluation result S ═ a + b × absolute average deviation + c × low-frequency extension parameter + d × high-frequency extension parameter + e × spectral flatness + f × spectral centroid + g × low-frequency harmonic distortion parameter + h × intermediate-frequency harmonic distortion parameter + i × high-frequency harmonic distortion parameter.
Therefore, the sound texture is separated from the basic measurement for evaluation, and the sound texture objective parameters are measured and calculated in the vehicle, so that the subjective evaluation result can be further estimated through objective measurement, and the sound texture of the whole vehicle can be quickly and effectively evaluated.
As shown in fig. 4, the calculation module 2 includes:
an alignment unit 21, configured to perform alignment processing on the in-vehicle recording signal and the playback source signal. Specifically, the in-vehicle recording signal and the playing source signal are compared and analyzed, and signal alignment is performed according to the playing source signal.
The first extracting unit 22 is configured to extract a step sweep signal according to the aligned in-vehicle recording signal and the playback source signal.
The first conversion unit 23 is configured to perform windowing on each segment of the single-frequency signal of the step frequency sweep signal by using a flat-top window, perform FFT conversion, and calculate amplitudes of frequencies and harmonics. Specifically, the first transforming unit 23 performs windowing on each segment of the single frequency signal of the aligned step sweep signal by using a flat-top window with a duration of 1s (discrete sampling point 48000), calculates FFT transformation, and calculates the amplitude at the frequency and the amplitude of each harmonic. Wherein, the number of points of FFT is equal to the window length of the flat-top window.
And the first calculating unit 24 is configured to calculate a low-frequency harmonic distortion parameter, a medium-frequency harmonic distortion parameter, and a high-frequency harmonic distortion parameter according to the amplitude and a preset parameter definition formula.
Specifically, the first calculation unit 24 performs the following calculation:
calculating a low-frequency harmonic distortion parameter THD _ L, a medium-frequency harmonic distortion parameter THD _ M and a high-frequency harmonic distortion parameter THD _ H according to the following formulas;
wherein N is the total number of frequency points measured in the corresponding frequency band, fnFor the frequency value corresponding to the nth frequency point, THD (f)n) Is fnAnd (4) lower harmonic distortion.
And a second extracting unit 25, configured to extract a white noise signal according to the aligned in-vehicle recording signal and the playback source signal.
And a second transform unit 26, configured to intercept a target signal from the white noise signal, perform windowing using a hanning window, perform short-time FFT, and calculate a frequency response.
The second calculating unit 27 is configured to calculate an absolute average deviation, a low frequency extension parameter, a high frequency extension parameter, a spectrum flatness, and a spectrum center of gravity according to the frequency response and a preset parameter definition formula.
Specifically, the second calculation unit 27 performs the following calculation:
(1) absolute mean deviation AAD
The absolute average deviation AAD is calculated according to the following formula,
wherein N is the total number of 1/20 octave bands between 300Hz-16kHz, yband_nAverage amplitude, y, corresponding to the nth octave bandREF@1-3kHzThe average amplitude of the reference band is 1kHz-3 kHz.
(2) Low frequency spread parameter LFX
The low frequency extension parameter LFX is calculated according to the following formula,
wherein, yREFAdding 10dB (i.e., y) to the average amplitude in the reference bandREFAverage amplitude within the reference band +10dB), x-6dBIs below 300Hz and below yREFFor the first frequency of 6dB, the reference band is typically 300Hz-10kHz, while for an in-vehicle sound system, the reference band used in the present invention is 300 Hz-3 kHz.
(3) High frequency spread parameter HFX
Calculating a high-frequency extension parameter HFX according to the following formula;
wherein, yREFIs the average amplitude, x, within the reference band-6dBAbove 5kHz and below yREFAt the first frequency of 6dB, the reference band used in the present invention is taken to be 300 Hz-3 kHz.
(4) Spectral flatness SPF
Calculating the spectral flatness SPF according to the following formula;
wherein s iskThe value of the signal amplitude spectrum at a frequency point K is shown, K is the upper limit frequency of the frequency band calculation range, and the middle-high frequency of 300 Hz-20 kHz is selected as the frequency band calculation range adopted by the invention.
(5) Spectral center of gravity SPC
Calculating a spectrum center of gravity SPC according to the following formula;
SPC＝log10(spectral_centroid)，
wherein s isk(tm) At a time tmThe value of the windowed amplitude spectrum of (a) at frequency point k, fkIs the frequency value corresponding to K, K is the upper limit frequency point of the frequency band calculation range, and spectral _ center is each time tmThe average of the results is calculated.
Therefore, the invention combines the frequency division mode of the general sound system in the vehicle to divide the frequency response curve of the whole vehicle into 3 frequency ranges, namely low frequency (50-300Hz), medium frequency (300-. Meanwhile, the invention forms 5 objective parameters (absolute average deviation, low-frequency extension parameter, high-frequency extension parameter, spectrum flatness and spectrum gravity center) of sound quality feeling obtained by frequency response secondary calculation by referring to the frequency band division mode. Therefore, by measuring and calculating the objective parameters of the sound quality in the vehicle, the subjective evaluation result can be estimated by objective measurement.
Correspondingly, the invention also provides computer equipment which comprises a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor realizes the steps of the objective evaluation method for the sound quality of the sound in the vehicle when executing the computer program. Meanwhile, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the above-described objective evaluation method for sound quality of a sound in a vehicle.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (12)
1. An objective evaluation method for sound quality of sound in a vehicle, comprising:
acquiring in-vehicle recording signals and playing source signals;
calculating a sound quality sense objective parameter according to the in-vehicle recording signal and the playing source signal, wherein the sound quality sense objective parameter comprises a sound quality distortion parameter and a frequency response parameter; and carrying out weighting processing on the tone quality distortion parameters and the frequency response parameters according to preset weight coefficients, and generating and outputting an evaluation result.
2. The objective evaluation method for the sound quality of in-vehicle audio according to claim 1, wherein the step of calculating the objective parameters of sound quality based on the in-vehicle recording signal and the playback source signal comprises:
aligning the in-vehicle recording signal with a playing source signal;
extracting a step frequency sweep signal according to the aligned in-vehicle recording signal and the playing source signal;
windowing each section of single-frequency signals of the step frequency sweep signal by using a flat-top window, carrying out FFT (fast Fourier transform), and calculating the amplitude of frequency and harmonic;
calculating the sound quality distortion parameters according to the amplitude and a preset parameter definition formula, wherein the sound quality distortion parameters comprise low-frequency harmonic distortion parameters, intermediate-frequency harmonic distortion parameters and high-frequency harmonic distortion parameters;
extracting a white noise signal according to the aligned in-vehicle recording signal and the play source signal;
intercepting a target signal from the white noise signal, windowing by using a Hanning window, carrying out short-time FFT (fast Fourier transform), and calculating frequency response;
and calculating the frequency response parameters according to the frequency response and a preset parameter definition formula, wherein the frequency response parameters comprise absolute average deviation, low-frequency extension parameters, high-frequency extension parameters, spectrum flatness and spectrum gravity center.
3. The objective evaluation method for the sound quality of in-car audio according to claim 2, wherein the step of calculating the low frequency harmonic distortion parameter, the intermediate frequency harmonic distortion parameter, and the high frequency harmonic distortion parameter according to the amplitude and the preset parameter definition formula comprises:
calculating a low-frequency harmonic distortion parameter, a medium-frequency harmonic distortion parameter and a high-frequency harmonic distortion parameter according to the following formulas;
wherein THD _ L is a low-frequency harmonic distortion parameter, THD _ M is a medium-frequency harmonic distortion parameter, THD _ H is a high-frequency harmonic distortion parameter, N is the total number of frequency points measured in the corresponding frequency band, fnFor the frequency value corresponding to the nth frequency point, THD (f)n) Is fnAnd (4) lower harmonic distortion.
4. The objective evaluation method of sound quality of in-vehicle sounds according to claim 2, wherein the step of calculating the absolute average deviation according to the frequency response and a predetermined parameter definition formula comprises:
calculating the absolute average deviation according to the following formula;
wherein AAD is the absolute mean deviation, N is the total number of 1/20 octave bands between 300Hz-16kHz, yband_nAverage amplitude, y, corresponding to the nth octave bandREF@1-3kHzThe average amplitude of the reference band is 1kHz-3 kHz.
5. The objective evaluation method of sound quality of in-vehicle sounds according to claim 2, wherein the step of calculating the low frequency extension parameter according to the frequency response and a predetermined parameter definition formula comprises:
calculating a low-frequency extension parameter according to the following formula;
wherein LFX is used for calculating low-frequency extension parameter, yREFAdding 10dB, x to the average amplitude in the reference band-6dBIs below 300Hz and below yREFThe first frequency of value 6 dB.
6. The objective evaluation method of sound quality of in-vehicle sounds according to claim 2, wherein the step of calculating the high-frequency extension parameter according to the frequency response and a predetermined parameter definition formula comprises:
calculating a high-frequency extension parameter according to the following formula;
wherein HFX is a high frequency extension parameter, yREFIs the average amplitude, x, within the reference band-6dBAbove 5kHz and below yREFThe first frequency of value 6 dB.
7. The objective evaluation method of sound quality of in-vehicle sound according to claim 2, wherein the step of calculating the spectral flatness according to the frequency response and a predetermined parameter definition formula comprises:
calculating the flatness of the frequency spectrum according to the following formula;
wherein SPF is spectral flatness, skThe value of the signal amplitude spectrum at frequency point K is shown, and K is the upper limit frequency of the frequency band calculation range.
8. The objective evaluation method of sound quality of in-vehicle sound according to claim 2, wherein the step of calculating the center of gravity of the frequency spectrum according to the frequency response and a predetermined parameter definition formula comprises:
calculating the center of gravity of the frequency spectrum according to the following formula;
SPC＝log10(spectral_centroid)，
where SPC is the center of gravity of the spectrum, sk(tm) At a time tmThe value of the windowed amplitude spectrum of (a) at frequency point k, fkIs the frequency value corresponding to K, K is the upper limit frequency point of the frequency band calculation range, and spectral _ center is each time tmThe average of the results is calculated.
9. An objective evaluation system for sound quality of a sound in a vehicle, comprising:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring in-vehicle recording signals and playing source signals;
the calculation module is used for calculating a sound quality sense objective parameter according to the in-vehicle recording signal and the playing source signal, wherein the sound quality sense objective parameter comprises a sound quality distortion parameter and a frequency response parameter; and the evaluation result output module is used for carrying out weighting processing on the sound quality distortion parameters and the frequency response parameters according to preset weight coefficients, and generating and outputting an evaluation result.
10. The objective evaluation system for sound quality of in-vehicle sounds according to claim 9, wherein the calculation module includes:
the alignment unit is used for aligning the in-vehicle recording signal with a playing source signal;
the first extraction unit is used for extracting a step frequency sweep signal according to the aligned in-vehicle recording signal and the play source signal;
the first conversion unit is used for windowing each section of single-frequency signals of the step frequency sweep signal by using a flat-top window and carrying out FFT (fast Fourier transform) conversion, and calculating the amplitude of frequency and harmonic;
the first calculation unit is used for calculating the tone quality distortion parameters according to the amplitude and a preset parameter definition formula, wherein the tone quality distortion parameters comprise low-frequency harmonic distortion parameters, intermediate-frequency harmonic distortion parameters and high-frequency harmonic distortion parameters;
the second extraction unit is used for extracting a white noise signal according to the aligned in-vehicle recording signal and the play source signal;
the second transformation unit is used for intercepting a target signal from the white noise signal, using a Hanning window to perform windowing, performing short-time FFT (fast Fourier transform) transformation and calculating frequency response;
and the second calculation unit is used for calculating the frequency response parameters according to the frequency response and a preset parameter definition formula, wherein the frequency response parameters comprise absolute average deviation, low-frequency extension parameters, high-frequency extension parameters, spectrum flatness and spectrum gravity center.
11. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, characterized in that the processor, when executing the computer program, implements the steps of the method of any of claims 1 to 8.
12. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the method of any one of claims 1 to 8.
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