Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a tower crane upper structure and a flat-top tower crane, and aims to solve the problems that in the prior art, a large balance arm in a large tower crane is inconvenient to transport and easy to incline when being disassembled and placed on a bottom surface.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a tower crane superstructure, including the top of the tower, cargo boom and balance arm, said cargo boom and balance arm connect to both sides of the said top of the tower separately, the said cargo boom includes left cargo boom and right cargo boom, the said balance arm includes left balance arm and right balance arm;
the left crane boom and the right crane boom respectively comprise a plurality of crane boom sections which are connected with each other, and the left balance arm and the right balance arm respectively comprise a plurality of balance arm sections which are connected with each other.
Furthermore, two adjacent crane jib sections are connected through a crane jib connecting section.
Furthermore, the left crane boom and the right crane boom are connected with the tower top through a pin shaft or a bolt.
Furthermore, two adjacent balance arm sections are connected through a balance arm connecting section.
Furthermore, the left balance arm and the right balance arm are connected with the tower top through pin shafts or bolts.
Further, the tower top comprises a left tower top and a right tower top which are connected, the left crane arm is connected to one side of the left tower top, the left balance arm is connected to the other side of the left tower top, the right crane arm is connected to one side of the right tower top, and the right balance arm is connected to the other side of the right tower top.
Further, the left tower top and the right tower top are connected through a pin shaft.
Further, the left tower top and the right tower top are connected through flanges.
Furthermore, the left boom and the right boom are symmetrically arranged, the left balance arm and the right balance arm are symmetrically arranged, and the symmetric center lines of the left boom and the right boom are coplanar with the symmetric center lines of the left balance arm and the right balance arm.
Furthermore, a left trolley is connected to the left crane boom, and a left hook pulley block is connected to the left trolley; the right cargo boom is connected with a right trolley, the right trolley is connected with a right hook pulley block, and the left hook pulley block and the right hook pulley block are detachably connected;
when the left hook pulley block and the right hook pulley block are not connected, the left hook pulley block and the right hook pulley block are both connected with hook heads;
when the left hook pulley block is connected with the right hook pulley block, a hook head is connected between the left hook pulley block and the right hook pulley block.
Furthermore, the left hook pulley block and the right hook pulley block are connected through a balance beam, and the hook head is connected to the balance beam.
Furthermore, an amplitude variation mechanism and a lifting mechanism are connected to the balance arm, the amplitude variation mechanism is used for drawing the left trolley and the right trolley to walk, and the lifting mechanism is used for lifting the hook head.
Further, the luffing mechanism comprises a left luffing mechanism connected to the left balance arm and a right luffing mechanism connected to the right balance arm;
the lifting mechanism comprises a left lifting mechanism connected to the left balance arm and a right lifting mechanism connected to the right balance arm;
the invention also discloses a flat-head tower crane, which comprises a lower machine and the upper structure of the tower crane, wherein the top of the upper machine is connected with the top of the tower through an upper support.
Further, the top of the lower machine is connected with the upper support through a slewing bearing.
According to the technical scheme, the embodiment of the invention at least has the following effects:
1. according to the upper structure designed by the application, the structural size of the integral balance arm is effectively reduced by a design mode that the balance arm is divided into the left balance arm and the right balance arm, so that the balance arm is convenient to transport and disassemble; when the balance arm is disassembled and placed on the ground, the balance arm section far away from the support can be disassembled to prevent the balance arm from inclining;
2. the crane boom is designed by adopting a left crane boom and a right crane boom, and a design mode of a plurality of connected crane boom sections is adopted, so that the crane boom is convenient to disassemble, assemble and transport;
3. under the condition of the same lifting moment, the design mode of a double-crane arm and a double-balance arm is adopted, and the structure is less stressed than a single-arm tower crane and lighter and smaller than the single-arm tower crane;
4. the balance arm sections and the lifting arm sections are connected through connecting joints, so that the tower crane with the double-arm frame has obvious safety and stability;
5. this application can dismantle left lifting hook assembly and the right lifting hook assembly who connects through setting up, when two assembly pulleys are connected, connects the gib head between two assembly pulleys, makes up into big lifting hook group, can be used to the combined operation, when two assembly pulleys do not throw out of gear, can carry out the hoist and mount operation respectively.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.
It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms "front", "rear", "left", "right", "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of describing the present invention but do not require that the present invention must be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. As used in the description of the present invention, the terms "front," "back," "left," "right," "up," "down" and "in" refer to directions in the drawings, and the terms "inner" and "outer" refer to directions toward and away from, respectively, the geometric center of a particular component.
At present, a balance arm is of a single-arm structure, and for a large-scale tower crane, the structure size and the weight of the large-scale tower crane are still large, so that the large-scale tower crane is difficult to transport, and the requirement on the crane during installation is higher.
The crane boom is formed by combining two sets of crane booms and balance arms which are bilaterally symmetrical and connected in parallel into a whole through a connecting joint. The lifting mechanisms and the amplitude-changing mechanisms on the arm frames can independently drive the trolley lifting hooks on the arm frames, and all the lifting mechanisms and the amplitude-changing mechanisms on the double arm frames can work together.
The application has the following advantages: the structure part sleeve of the small tower crane can be used and modularly combined into the structure part sleeve of the large tower crane. Two crane booms are firmly connected together through an integral connecting joint between every two arm joints, and the double-arm tower crane has obvious safety and stability.
Specifically, the method is realized through the following scheme:
a tower crane superstructure, including the top of the tower 2, jib boom 1 and balance arm 3 are connected to both sides of the top of the tower 2 separately, jib boom 1 includes left jib boom 6 and right jib boom 7, balance arm 3 includes left balance arm 8 and right balance arm 9; the left crane boom 6 and the right crane boom 7 respectively comprise a plurality of connected crane boom sections, and the left balance arm 8 and the right balance arm 9 respectively comprise a plurality of connected balance arm sections.
According to the upper structure designed by the application, the structural size of the integral balance arm is effectively reduced by a design mode that the balance arm is divided into the left balance arm and the right balance arm, so that the balance arm is convenient to transport and disassemble; when the balance arm is detached and placed on the ground, the balance arm section far away from the support can be detached to prevent the balance arm from inclining.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, in this embodiment, a tower crane superstructure is provided, which specifically includes: a crane boom 1, a tower top 2 and a balance arm 3. Wherein the cargo boom 1 is divided into: a left boom 6 and a right boom 7; the tower top 2 is divided into: a left tower top 10 and a right tower top 11; the balance arm 3 is divided into: a left balance arm 8 and a right balance arm 9; the left balance arm 8 is provided with a left luffing mechanism 12 and a left hoisting mechanism 14; a right luffing mechanism 13 and a right hoisting mechanism 15 are arranged on the right balance arm 9; a left trolley 22 and a left hook pulley block 16 are arranged on the left crane boom 6; a right trolley 23 and a right hook pulley block 17 are arranged on the right crane boom 7; the left hook pulley block 16, the right hook pulley block 17, the balance beam 18 and the hook head 19 jointly form a large hook group 24.
The crane boom 1 consists of a left crane boom frame and a right crane boom frame, and can enable the trolley to walk on the crane boom to carry out the hoisting operation.
The tower top 2 is connected with a crane boom, a balance arm and an upper support.
And the balance arm 3 balances the self weight of the crane boom and partial moment generated by lifting load, and is used for placing a lifting mechanism and an amplitude variation mechanism.
The trolley is used for variable amplitude walking and can lift the lifting hook by winding a lifting steel wire rope.
And the lifting hook is used for lifting a heavy object.
A luffing mechanism: the traction trolley travels along the direction of the crane boom.
A hoisting mechanism: the lifting hook lifts or puts down the weight by winding in and out the steel wire rope.
Hooking heads: the balance beam can be connected and a single hook pulley block can be connected.
A boom connecting joint: the left and right jib sections are connected together.
Balance arm link: the left and right balance arm sections are connected together.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the left boom 6 is connected to the right side of the left tower top 10, the left balance arm 8 is connected to the left side of the left tower top 10, the right boom 7 is connected to the right side of the right tower top 11, and the right balance arm 9 is connected to the left side of the right tower top 11.
The left boom 6 and the right boom 7 are symmetrically arranged, the left balance arm 8 and the right balance arm 9 are symmetrically arranged, and the symmetric center lines of the left boom 6 and the right boom 7 are coplanar with the symmetric center lines of the left balance arm 8 and the right balance arm 9.
The left crane arm 6 is connected with a left trolley 22, the left trolley 22 is connected with a left hook pulley block 16, the right crane arm 7 is connected with a right trolley 23, the right trolley 23 is connected with a right hook pulley block 17, and the left hook pulley block 16 is connected with the right hook pulley block 17 through a balance beam 18.
The left balance arm 8 is connected with a left luffing mechanism 12, and the right balance arm 9 is connected with a right luffing mechanism 13; the left balance arm 8 is connected with a left hoisting mechanism 14, and the right balance arm 9 is connected with a right hoisting mechanism 15.
In this embodiment, different lifting means are provided.
When the left and right hook pulley blocks 16, 17 are not connected, the hook heads 19 are connected to both the left and right hook pulley blocks 16, 17. When the lifting hook is used, the left trolley is controlled to travel along the left crane boom 6 through the left luffing mechanism 12, and the left hook pulley block 16 is controlled to lift through the left luffing mechanism 12, so that the hook head 19 on the left crane boom is lifted. The right trolley is controlled to walk along the right crane boom 9 through the right luffing mechanism 13, and the right hook pulley block 17 is controlled to ascend and descend through the right luffing mechanism 13, so that the hook head 19 on the right crane boom ascends and descends. The respective hoisting operation is realized by the respective control of the left trolley, the right trolley and the pulley block.
When the left hook pulley block 16 and the right hook pulley block 17 are connected, the balance beam between the left hook pulley block 16 and the right hook pulley block 17 is connected with a hook head 19, and only one hook head 19 is needed at the moment. At this time, the left luffing mechanism and the right luffing mechanism need to work simultaneously, and the left hoisting mechanism and the right hoisting mechanism need to work simultaneously, so as to realize the hoisting operation of the large hook group 24.
In this embodiment, the left boom 6 and the right boom 7 are both composed of a plurality of boom sections, and specifically, as shown in fig. 4, the boom connecting section 20 is divided into a left part and a right part, and the two parts are in a frame structure and are connected into a whole by welding. The left jib portion is connected to the jib connection portion 20 by a pin, and the right jib portion is connected to the jib connection portion 20 by a pin. The left crane boom and the right crane boom are both of frame structures, and a channel is formed inside the left crane boom and the right crane boom for workers to walk.
The left balance arm 8 and the right balance arm 9 are both composed of a plurality of balance arm sections. The balance arm connecting joint 21 and the crane boom connecting joint 20 are identical in structure and also divided into a left part and a right part which are connected into a whole through welding, and the balance arm joint is connected with the balance arm connecting joint through a pin shaft.
The design is convenient for the disassembly and assembly among a plurality of balance arm sections and the disassembly and assembly among a plurality of crane arm sections.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 4, in this embodiment, there is provided a flat-top tower crane, which comprises the upper structure of the tower crane in embodiment 1, and further comprises an upper support 4 and a lower machine 5
The upper part of the upper support 4 is connected with the tower top, the lower part of the upper support is connected with the lower machine 5 through a slewing bearing, and a mechanism for driving the tower crane to rotate is arranged in the upper support so that the upper machine of the tower crane can rotate freely. And (5) discharging: the upper structure is erected, so that the tower crane has a certain lifting height.
The application provides a tower machine superstructure and flat head tower machine: the crane arms of the small tower crane are connected in parallel left and right through a plurality of crane arm connecting joints to form a crane arm of the large tower crane, and the balance arms of the small tower crane are connected in parallel left and right through a plurality of balance arm connecting joints to form balance of the large tower crane. The left tower top and the right tower top can be connected together through a pin shaft or a flange, and the upper structure of the tower crane consisting of the double-arm support forms a whole. The two load-carrying trolleys respectively walk along the respective arm supports and jointly use one lifting hook to carry out lifting operation. The single lifting hook group of the single trolley respectively belonging to the two crane booms, the balance beam and the hook head form a big lifting hook through the balance beam. One set of lifting hook can be driven by 2 lifting mechanisms and 2 amplitude-changing mechanisms together to operate, and one single-arm trolley and one single lifting hook can be driven by one lifting mechanism and one amplitude-changing mechanism together to operate independently.
The problems that a large tower crane is large in structure size and weight, difficult to transport and high in requirement on a crane during installation are solved. The problem that a large tower crane structure and a small tower crane structure cannot be modularized into a whole is solved, the arm support can be used in a combined mode and can be detached into a smaller tower crane to be used independently, and the product utilization rate is improved.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The embodiments disclosed above are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive. All changes which come within the scope of or equivalence to the invention are intended to be embraced therein.