CN114006566B - Air conditioner and variable frequency motor thereof - Google Patents
Air conditioner and variable frequency motor thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114006566B CN114006566B CN202111199422.2A CN202111199422A CN114006566B CN 114006566 B CN114006566 B CN 114006566B CN 202111199422 A CN202111199422 A CN 202111199422A CN 114006566 B CN114006566 B CN 114006566B
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- bridge arm
- variable frequency
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- frequency motor
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- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000005347 demagnetization Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P29/00—Arrangements for regulating or controlling electric motors, appropriate for both AC and DC motors
- H02P29/02—Providing protection against overload without automatic interruption of supply
- H02P29/024—Detecting a fault condition, e.g. short circuit, locked rotor, open circuit or loss of load
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
- H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
- H02P27/06—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using DC to AC converters or inverters
- H02P27/08—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using DC to AC converters or inverters with pulse width modulation
- H02P27/085—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using DC to AC converters or inverters with pulse width modulation wherein the PWM mode is adapted on the running conditions of the motor, e.g. the switching frequency
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P29/00—Arrangements for regulating or controlling electric motors, appropriate for both AC and DC motors
- H02P29/02—Providing protection against overload without automatic interruption of supply
- H02P29/024—Detecting a fault condition, e.g. short circuit, locked rotor, open circuit or loss of load
- H02P29/028—Detecting a fault condition, e.g. short circuit, locked rotor, open circuit or loss of load the motor continuing operation despite the fault condition, e.g. eliminating, compensating for or remedying the fault
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)
- Inverter Devices (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种空调器及其变频电机，变频电机的驱动电路包括三相整流电路、电压采集模块、电流采集模块、电容和逆变电路，电压采集模块、电容和逆变电路分别连接于三相整流电路的输出端，三相绕组分别连接于逆变电路上桥臂和下桥臂之间，电流采集模块位于电容的负极与下桥臂之间，控制模块用于输出一个脉冲开通信号至其中一个下桥臂，获取电流采集模块检测的电流，在电流采集模块检测电流超出电流设定阈值时判断变频电机漏电。因而，本发明仅输入一个脉冲开通信号至下桥臂，缩短导通时间，利用电机绕组、下桥臂开关管、上桥臂反并联二极管形成的BOOST电路，通过检测母线电压的方式实现漏电保护，器件应力极低，无需增加硬件电路，节约成本。
The present invention relates to an air conditioner and a variable frequency motor thereof. The driving circuit of the variable frequency motor comprises a three-phase rectifier circuit, a voltage acquisition module, a current acquisition module, a capacitor and an inverter circuit. The voltage acquisition module, the capacitor and the inverter circuit are respectively connected to the output end of the three-phase rectifier circuit, the three-phase winding is respectively connected between the upper bridge arm and the lower bridge arm of the inverter circuit, the current acquisition module is located between the negative electrode of the capacitor and the lower bridge arm, and the control module is used to output a pulse opening signal to one of the lower bridge arms, obtain the current detected by the current acquisition module, and judge the variable frequency motor leakage when the current detected by the current acquisition module exceeds the current setting threshold. Therefore, the present invention only inputs a pulse opening signal to the lower bridge arm, shortens the conduction time, utilizes the BOOST circuit formed by the motor winding, the lower bridge arm switch tube, and the upper bridge arm anti-parallel diode, realizes leakage protection by detecting the bus voltage, and the device stress is extremely low, no hardware circuit needs to be added, and the cost is saved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of leakage detection of variable frequency motors, in particular to an air conditioner and a variable frequency motor thereof.
Background
Under the standby state of the air conditioner compressor, the condition that a press winding or a connecting wire is grounded possibly occurs due to the interference or corrosion of external force, and the frequency converter needs to identify and make a shutdown action in time so as to protect devices from being damaged.
As shown in fig. 1, the potential of the negative electrode of the electrolytic capacitor is lower than 0 (ground) which is a conventional general variable frequency compressor driving circuit. The potential at U0 is 0 at this time, assuming that U is grounded (coil insulation broken or power line terminal is dropped) when the compressor is stopped. The traditional leakage protection flow of the compressor generally conducts the lower bridge arm directly or conducts the three lower bridge arms alternately, so that on one hand, the lower bridge arm is high in stress and has damage risk, on the other hand, if the upper bridge arm is conducted first, the upper bridge arm is also damaged directly, and a refund and detection circuit is required to be added, so that the cost is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a variable frequency motor and an air conditioner, which solve the technical problem of how to reduce the damage rate of devices in leakage protection by improving a control mode on the basis of not changing a hardware circuit in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the variable frequency motor comprises a first phase winding, a second phase winding and a third phase winding, the variable frequency motor further comprises a driving circuit, the driving circuit comprises a three-phase rectifying circuit, a voltage acquisition module, a current acquisition module, a capacitor and an inverter circuit, the voltage acquisition module is connected to the output end of the three-phase rectifying circuit, the capacitor is connected to the output end of the three-phase rectifying circuit, the inverter circuit comprises a first upper bridge arm and a fourth lower bridge arm which are connected in series, a second upper bridge arm and a fifth lower bridge arm which are connected in series, a third upper bridge arm and a sixth lower bridge arm which are connected in series, the current acquisition module is positioned between the negative electrode of the capacitor and the lower bridge arm, the first phase winding is connected between the first upper bridge arm and the fourth lower bridge arm, the second phase winding is connected between the second upper bridge arm and the fifth lower bridge arm, and the third phase winding is connected between the third upper bridge arm and the sixth lower bridge arm, and the motor comprises:
The control module is used for outputting a pulse opening signal to one of the lower bridge arms, acquiring the current detected by the current acquisition module, judging the electric leakage of the variable frequency motor when the current detected by the current acquisition module exceeds a current set threshold, continuously outputting a PWM signal to the lower bridge arm receiving the pulse opening signal when the current detected by the current acquisition module does not exceed the current set threshold, acquiring the voltage detected by the voltage acquisition module, and judging whether the variable frequency motor is electric leakage or not according to the voltage information.
Compared with the prior art, the variable frequency motor has the technical effects that the variable frequency motor comprises three-phase windings and a driving circuit, the driving circuit comprises a three-phase rectifying circuit, a voltage acquisition module, a current acquisition module, a capacitor and an inverter circuit, the voltage acquisition module is connected to the output end of the three-phase rectifying circuit, the capacitor is connected to the output end of the three-phase rectifying circuit, the inverter circuit comprises a first upper bridge arm and a fourth lower bridge arm which are connected in series, a second upper bridge arm and a fifth lower bridge arm which are connected in series, a third upper bridge arm and a sixth lower bridge arm which are connected in series, the first phase winding is connected between the first upper bridge arm and the fourth lower bridge arm, the second phase winding is connected between the second upper bridge arm and the fifth lower bridge arm, the third phase winding is connected between the third upper bridge arm and the sixth lower bridge arm, the current acquisition module is positioned between the negative electrode of the capacitor and the lower bridge arm, the control module is used for outputting a pulse opening signal to one of the lower bridge, current detected by the current acquisition module is obtained, and the variable frequency motor is judged to have leakage when the current detected by the current acquisition module exceeds a current setting threshold. Therefore, the invention only inputs a pulse opening signal to the lower bridge arm to shorten the conduction time, and the invention utilizes a BOOST circuit formed by a motor winding, a lower bridge arm switching tube and an upper bridge arm anti-parallel diode to realize leakage protection in a mode of detecting bus voltage.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a general inverter compressor driving circuit diagram.
Fig. 2 is a driving circuit diagram of a variable frequency motor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a flow chart of leakage detection of the variable frequency motor according to the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, or may be directly connected or indirectly connected via an intermediate medium. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art. In the description of the above embodiments, particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.
Under the standby state of the variable frequency motor, the condition that a motor winding or a connecting wire is grounded possibly occurs due to the interference or corrosion of external force, the variable frequency motor needs to be identified in time and make a shutdown action, and the device is protected from being damaged.
In the driving protection test of the variable frequency motor, the bus voltage is greatly increased before the frequency converter is found to alarm during the test of leakage protection. The analysis circuit finds that in order to charge the bootstrap capacitor when the frequency converter is started, the lower bridge wall of the frequency converter is respectively conducted, and under the condition that one phase of the compressor leaks electricity, the lower bridge wall IGBT, the press winding and the flywheel diode of the upper bridge arm of the frequency converter form a BOOST circuit to raise the voltage of the bus capacitor. It is thus contemplated that the electrical parameter variations herein may be incorporated into a control system to effect control of the earth leakage protection. Compared with the existing leakage protection, the device stress can be reduced, the success rate of protection is improved, and hardware is prevented from being increased.
A variable frequency motor comprises a three-phase winding and a driving circuit, wherein the three-phase winding comprises a first phase winding, a second phase winding and a third phase winding.
The three-phase windings are U-phase windings, V-phase windings and W-phase windings, the first phase winding is U-phase winding or V-phase winding or W-phase winding, and the second phase winding and the third phase winding correspond to the remaining two-phase windings respectively.
As shown in fig. 2, in this embodiment, a U-phase winding is taken as a first phase winding, a V-phase winding is taken as a second phase winding, and a W-phase winding is taken as a third phase winding.
The driving circuit comprises a three-phase rectifying circuit, a voltage acquisition module, a current acquisition module, a capacitor C and an inverter circuit.
The voltage acquisition module is connected to the output end of the three-phase rectifying circuit and is used for acquiring bus voltage.
The capacitor C is connected to the output end of the three-phase rectifying circuit.
The inverter circuit is connected to the output end of the three-phase rectifying circuit.
The inverter circuit comprises a first upper bridge arm, a fourth lower bridge arm, a second upper bridge arm, a fifth lower bridge arm, a third upper bridge arm and a sixth lower bridge arm, wherein the first upper bridge arm, the second upper bridge arm, the third lower bridge arm, the fifth lower bridge arm and the sixth lower bridge arm are connected in series, the first upper bridge arm comprises a transistor Q1 and a diode which are connected in parallel, the second upper bridge arm comprises a transistor Q2 and a diode which are connected in parallel, the third upper bridge arm comprises a transistor Q3 and a diode which are connected in parallel, the fourth lower bridge arm comprises a transistor Q4 and a diode which are connected in parallel, the fifth lower bridge arm comprises a transistor Q5 and a diode which are connected in parallel, and the sixth lower bridge arm comprises a transistor Q6 and a diode which are connected in parallel.
The first phase winding (U-phase winding) is connected between the first upper leg and the fourth lower leg.
The second phase winding (V-phase winding) is connected between the second upper leg and the fifth lower leg.
The third phase winding (W-phase winding) is connected between the third upper leg and the sixth lower leg.
The current acquisition module is positioned between the negative electrode of the capacitor C and the lower bridge arm.
The embodiment aims to reduce the damage rate of devices in the leakage protection by improving a control mode on the basis of not changing a hardware circuit.
The motor further includes a control module.
The control module is used for outputting a pulse opening signal to one of the lower bridge arms, acquiring the current detected by the current acquisition module, and judging the leakage of the variable frequency motor when the current detected by the current acquisition module exceeds a current set threshold value.
The width of the pulse opening signal needs to meet the condition that the instantaneous peak current of the lower bridge arm receiving the pulse opening signal when in short circuit does not exceed the maximum rated value of I FM parameters. The I FM parameter is the maximum rating specified in the specification corresponding to the transistor IGBT of the lower leg.
Because the current rises in one process, the devices on the bridge arm are not damaged by controlling the width of the pulse on signal.
Preferably, the width of the pulsed on signal is generally between 5us and 50 us.
The current setting threshold value is larger than the normal current value detected by the current acquisition module when the variable frequency motor works normally, and is smaller than the demagnetizing current of the variable frequency motor.
In the embodiment, a new control logic is adopted, a narrow pulse control signal is given to the lower bridge arm before the motor is started, the conduction time is shortened, and the leakage protection can be realized by matching with the current acquisition module, so that the stress of the lower bridge arm is reduced.
Taking the U-phase winding group as an example for explanation:
When the U phase winding is grounded, the potential at the U0 position is 0 (GND), and the potential of the cathode of the capacitor C is lower than 0 (ground). The control module gives a pulse on signal to the Q4, at the moment, current flows from U0 to the cathode of the capacitor C and is captured by the current acquisition module, the control module receives the information transmitted by the current acquisition module and judges that the current exceeds a set threshold value, and the control module stops and alarms for electric leakage. Since the on-time of Q4 is extremely short, the device stress is controllable.
The control module is used for continuously outputting PWM signals to the lower bridge arm receiving a pulse opening signal when the current detected by the current acquisition module does not exceed the current set threshold value, acquiring the voltage detected by the voltage acquisition module, and judging whether the variable frequency motor is leaked or not according to the voltage information.
Specifically, when the voltage detected by the voltage acquisition module exceeds a voltage set threshold, the leakage of the variable frequency motor is judged.
The control module judges that the response of the voltage detected by the voltage acquisition module exceeds a voltage set threshold is of ms level, so that breakdown caused by overhigh voltage at two ends of the capacitor C can be avoided, and the capacitor C is protected.
The voltage setting threshold is smaller than or equal to the withstand voltage value of the capacitor, so that the capacitor C is further protected.
Taking the example that the U-phase winding is not grounded and the V-phase winding is grounded, the following description is made:
When the V-phase winding is grounded, the potential at the V0 position is 0 (GND), and the potential of the cathode of the capacitor C is lower than 0 (ground). A pulse on signal is given to Q4 by a control module, at the moment, current flows to the cathode of an electrolytic capacitor from U0 and is captured by a current acquisition module, the control module receives information transmitted by the current acquisition module and judges that the current does not exceed a set threshold value, the control module continuously outputs PWM signals to Q4, a BOOST circuit is formed by a Q4 phase winding, a U phase winding and a Q1 anti-parallel diode, and the BOOST circuit principle is that when Q4 is on, the current flows through V0-V phase winding, U phase winding, Q4 and a capacitor C cathode to charge the U phase winding (inductance), and when Q4 is off, the current flows through the U phase winding, the Q1 anti-parallel diode and a capacitor C anode to charge the capacitor C simultaneously, and the voltage of the capacitor C is raised. The voltage acquisition module detects that the bus voltage exceeds a voltage set threshold value, and transmits information to the control module, and the control module stops and alarms for electric leakage. Overstress can not be caused to related devices in the whole process.
In the embodiment, the BOOST circuit formed by the motor winding, the lower bridge arm switch tube and the upper bridge arm anti-parallel diode is utilized, and the leakage protection is realized by detecting the busbar voltage, so that the detection method has extremely low device stress. The leakage protection function is realized without increasing the stress of the device, and the manufacturing cost is not increased.
The detection method that the U-phase winding is not grounded and the W-phase winding is grounded is the same as the detection method that the U-phase winding is not grounded and the V-phase winding is grounded, and the detection method is not repeated here.
Further, in order to avoid breakdown of the capacitor C by the voltage setting threshold judgment method, it is preferable to calculate the voltage rising rate, and advance judgment can be performed. Specifically, the control module is used for continuously outputting a PWM signal to a lower bridge arm receiving a pulse on signal when the current detected by the current acquisition module does not exceed a current set threshold value, acquiring the voltage detected by the voltage acquisition module, calculating the voltage rising rate, and judging the leakage of the variable frequency motor when the voltage rising rate exceeds the voltage rising rate set threshold value. Wherein the voltage rise rate threshold is determined in advance.
The control module is used for detecting the leakage of the variable frequency motor phase by phase, and of course, the detection sequence of the three-phase winding is not limited.
The control module is used for outputting a pulse opening signal to the fourth lower bridge arm, acquiring current detected by the current acquisition module, judging the leakage of the variable frequency motor when the current detected by the current acquisition module exceeds a current set threshold value, continuously outputting a PWM signal to the fourth lower bridge arm when the current detected by the current acquisition module does not exceed the current set threshold value, acquiring voltage detected by the voltage acquisition module, and judging the leakage of the variable frequency motor when the voltage detected by the voltage acquisition module exceeds the voltage set threshold value or the voltage rising rate exceeds the voltage rising rate set threshold value;
The control module is used for outputting a pulse opening signal to a fifth lower bridge arm, acquiring current detected by the current acquisition module, judging the leakage of the variable frequency motor when the current detected by the current acquisition module exceeds a current set threshold value, continuously outputting a PWM signal to the fifth lower bridge arm when the current detected by the current acquisition module does not exceed the current set threshold value, acquiring voltage detected by the voltage acquisition module, and judging the leakage of the variable frequency motor when the voltage detected by the voltage acquisition module exceeds the voltage set threshold value or the voltage rising rate exceeds the voltage rising rate set threshold value;
The control module is used for outputting a pulse opening signal to the sixth lower bridge arm to acquire and judge the leakage of the variable frequency motor, continuously outputting a PWM signal to the sixth lower bridge arm when the current detected by the current acquisition module does not exceed a current set threshold value, acquiring the voltage detected by the voltage acquisition module, and judging the leakage of the variable frequency motor when the voltage detected by the voltage acquisition module exceeds the voltage set threshold value or the voltage rising rate exceeds the voltage rising rate set threshold value;
And when the voltage detected by the voltage acquisition module does not exceed the voltage set threshold, judging that the variable frequency motor does not leak electricity.
As shown in fig. 3, the leakage detection method of the variable frequency motor includes the following steps:
S1, starting.
S2, a pulse opening signal is given to Q4.
S3, judging whether the current acquired by the current acquisition module exceeds a current setting threshold, if so, entering a step S6, otherwise, entering a step S4.
And S4, continuously outputting the PWM signal to the Q4.
S5, judging whether the voltage acquired by the voltage acquisition module exceeds a voltage set threshold, if so, entering a step S6, otherwise, entering a step S7.
S6, stopping the machine to give an alarm, and entering a step S7.
S7, ending.
The above embodiment first detects the U phase and then detects the V, W phases.
Of course, in some embodiments, the V phase may be detected first, and then the U, W phase may be detected, in step S2, by providing Q5 with a pulse on signal, and in step S4, continuously outputting the PWM signal to Q5.
In other embodiments, the W phase may be detected first, and then the U, V phase may be detected, in which case a pulse is applied to Q6 in step S2, and a PWM signal is continuously output to Q6 in step S4.
An air conditioner comprises the variable frequency motor, and the variable frequency motor is applied to a compressor.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions easily contemplated by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the invention is subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (9)
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| CN202111199422.2A CN114006566B (en) | 2021-10-14 | 2021-10-14 | Air conditioner and variable frequency motor thereof |
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| CN202111199422.2A CN114006566B (en) | 2021-10-14 | 2021-10-14 | Air conditioner and variable frequency motor thereof |
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| CN111505409A (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2020-08-07 | 日立电梯（中国）有限公司 | On-line detection method and device for inverter bus capacitance |
| CN113489402A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-10-08 | 青岛海尔空调电子有限公司 | Phase current detection method, starting method and device of direct current fan |
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| JP5477159B2 (en) * | 2010-05-07 | 2014-04-23 | パナソニック株式会社 | Motor current detection IC and current detector or motor control device using the same |
| WO2012049706A1 (en) * | 2010-10-13 | 2012-04-19 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Three-phase ac/dc converting apparatus and air handling unit using three-phase ac/dc converting apparatus |
| CN104052248B (en) * | 2014-06-25 | 2016-08-24 | 台达电子企业管理（上海）有限公司 | Power-converting device and protection signal transfer method thereof |
| CN104660148B (en) * | 2015-03-16 | 2018-03-30 | 深圳市步科电气有限公司 | A kind of frequency converter AC speed regulator |
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| CN111505409A (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2020-08-07 | 日立电梯（中国）有限公司 | On-line detection method and device for inverter bus capacitance |
| CN113489402A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-10-08 | 青岛海尔空调电子有限公司 | Phase current detection method, starting method and device of direct current fan |
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