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CN1039103C - Extrusion casting method and equipment for aluminum alloy wheel - Google Patents

Extrusion casting method and equipment for aluminum alloy wheel Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1039103C
CN1039103C CN 92109088 CN92109088A CN1039103C CN 1039103 C CN1039103 C CN 1039103C CN 92109088 CN92109088 CN 92109088 CN 92109088 A CN92109088 A CN 92109088A CN 1039103 C CN1039103 C CN 1039103C
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China
Prior art keywords
reservoir
patrix
casting
push pedal
extrusion casting
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN 92109088
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Chinese (zh)
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CN1082467A (en
Inventor
齐丕骧
戴钢
吴岳壹
顾金桂
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NINGBO BRANCH NO 52 INST CHINA
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NINGBO BRANCH NO 52 INST CHINA
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Publication of CN1082467A publication Critical patent/CN1082467A/en
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Abstract

The invention relates to an extrusion casting method and equipment for aluminum alloy wheels, which use a general hydraulic press, a three-split mold (horizontal parting) with a diagonal draw bar and an ejection mechanism to realize automation of opening and closing of an intermediate mold and ejection of a cast piece, greatly simplify a hydraulic mechanism and reduce equipment cost. During casting, after the mold cavity is filled with molten aluminum, the mold cavity is slowly filled along the vertical direction for a long period of pressure maintaining time, so that the casting is solidified under high pressure and generates a small amount of plastic deformation, thereby obtaining a high-quality aluminum wheel and performing heat treatment strengthening.

Description

Method and apparatus for extruding and casting aluminium alloy vehicle wheel
The present invention relates to the casting method of vertical die casting device, be few smear metal, the chipless technology that a kind of casting, forging are combined as a whole, also be a kind of make liquid metal at very high pressure effect lower charging type, solidify and produce a small amount of plastic deformation, thereby obtain the manufacture method of fine aluminum wheel.
Aluminum-alloy wheel (hereinafter to be referred as the aluminium wheel) is the main parts size on motorcycle, the automobile, and the main method of producing the aluminium wheel now has four kinds of low pressure casting, compression casting, sand mold gravitational casting, metal mold gravity castings etc.But sand casting surface quality and internal soundness are all poor; The aluminium wheel of existing compression casting, its inside exist serious pore, shrinkage porosite, can not heat-treat reinforcement; Low pressure casting and permanent mold casting are the main method of current domestic and international production aluminium wheel, though its quality is higher than sand casting and compression casting, in the specification requirement that still can not satisfy superior performance aluminium wheel aspect surface quality, internal soundness, mechanical performance, the production efficiency.
The objective of the invention is at above-mentioned existing problems of the prior art, provide a kind of and make that foundry goods Cheng Jingzhong bubble reduces, quality closely, chipless or few smear metal, will cast, forge the casting method that the aluminium that is combined as a whole is taken turns.They adopt extrusion casting method to produce the aluminum-alloy wheel of motorcycle, automobile with common vertical hydraulic press, and it has plurality of advantages such as high-quality, efficient, energy-conservation, low consumption, alloy material wide adaptability.
The solution of the present invention is three fens moulds that utilize the patrix by horizontal parting of common vertical hydraulic press additional known, middle mould, counterdie to form, only make simple hydraulic control and finish extrusion casint to aluminum-alloy wheel or similar foundry goods, this is a kind ofly to collect die casting and forge two kinds of casting methods that technology is the low speed heavy pressure of one.Feature of the present invention is to omit some specific hydraulic systems, only realize the motion of all moulds with common vertical hydraulic press, the plunger that has most importantly utilized common vertical hydraulic press liftout tank to rise has at a slow speed been realized liquid aluminium alloy is filled type at a slow speed to mold cavity.Also having an important feature in addition is exactly to be arranged after filling type one period long (15 seconds-60 seconds) dwell time finishing, add mould of the present invention and water road junction diameter bigger (equaling the diameter of reservoir substantially), so keep very meaningful than the long dwell time, can make its central runner mouth not prior to casting solidification, the material cake is later than again water the road junction and solidify.Realized two-in-one on die casting and the Forging Technology like this, the aluminum-alloy wheel dense structure that casting is come out, grain refinement, no needle-like tissue make product quality obviously be better than the aluminum-alloy wheel of producing with traditional die-casting technique.Also have, when die casting, fill type by horizontal direction, because the present invention has adopted and has filled type at a slow speed by vertical direction, make liquid aluminium alloy in filling the process of type, exempt the middle molten metal that exists of prior art (carrying out filling at a high speed type) and the eddy current type disturbance occurs air is involved in the liquid metal, make the shortcoming that produces the casting quality decline that pore caused in the foundry goods by horizontal direction.
The extrusion casting apparatus of aluminum-alloy wheel of the present invention includes general vertical hydraulic press and horizontal parting by patrix, three fens moulds that middle mould and counterdie are formed, included 1 in the mould in described three minutes) the control intermediate die entad does automatically or the brace mechanism 2 of centrifugal motion) aluminium liquid is filled type mechanism from what reservoir injected described three sub-model chambeies, it is characterized in that: a, one by charging ram, push pedal, the automatic ejecting mechanism of the foundry goods that push rod is formed, described charging ram is static with respect to hydraulic press, and be fixed with the push rod of stretching under the many vertical cantilever in the described movable push pedal, it passes the guide hole that is opened on patrix and the upper plate, but is relative motion with respect to upper plate and patrix; B, equal the reservoir diameter substantially at the described diameter that waters the road junction in the type mechanism that fills.Like this, when extrusion casint finishes, described push pedal and push rod rise together, when push pedal and static charging ram collide mutually, described push pedal and push rod are ejected casting finished products when guide pillar is done downward relative motion from patrix.
Increase and water the diameter at road junction, make material cake (being equivalent to prosperous mouthful) under pressure, implement to pounce on the effect of contracting foundry goods.This has embodied the characteristics of the present invention with die casting and forging and pressing " two-in-one ".
Also have, in order to realize that push rod and push pedal can set back automatically after casting finished products is ejected from mould, the present invention designs the anti-push rod that can realize this function, and it and described push pedal are fixed with one, it is stretched under the push pedal vertical cantilever, and servo-actuated is in the motion of push pedal.When patrix and counterdie are closed anti-push rod push pedal is pushed to upper, this moment all push rods also all servo-actuated be in upperly in push pedal, push rod and moving downward of push pedal have been reserved the room when so just being die sinking.
In the aluminum-alloy wheel extrusion casting method of the present invention, the temperature that is poured into the molten metal (aluminium alloy) that goes in the reservoir is preferably 680 ℃-750 ℃, and reservoir and mould are preferably by the temperature of top heat to 150-300 ℃.
Advantage of the present invention is: make 1. that aluminium alloy liquid steadily enters die cavity in the extrusion casint process in cavity filling process, do not have disturbance, can not be involved in air; 2. because the dwell time is long, make foundry goods in the process of extrusion casint, also continue to be subjected to being similar to the effect of forging and pressing, a small amount of plastic deformation takes place; 3. because gate diameter plays the feeding effect under the pressure greatly again, above-mentioned three characteristics have guaranteed that the performance of foundry goods is much higher than the performance of the foundry goods of producing with high speed die casting (prior art) method; 4. owing to design the ejecting mechanism that foundry goods can be ejected automatically and make the automatically reset resetting-mechanism of push rod after finishing extrusion casint, production efficiency is obviously improved.
Present invention is described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Fig. 1 is the squeeze casting mould schematic diagram,
Fig. 2 is a hydraulic press equipment schematic diagram,
Mould view when Fig. 3 A and Fig. 3 B are the pouring liquid metal.
Fig. 4 A and Fig. 4 B cast part is ejected mold cavity by top-pushing mechanism schematic diagram.
Extrusion casting apparatus of the present invention comprises mould and general-purpose vertical hydraulic press, mould adopts three fens moulds of horizontal parting, counterdie (5), base plate (3) and brace (4) are fixed on the work top of hydraulic press base (16), patrix (7), upper plate (8) and cushion block (9) are fixed on the hydraulic press moved cross beam (21), cushion block (9) is the spacer that is supported between top board (27) and the upper plate (8), to form a space for push pedal (11) play.Between patrix (7) and counterdie (5) intermediate die is arranged, intermediate die is made up of the horizontally disposed slide block of polylith (6), and these slide blocks (6) are the angle five equilibrium in 360 ℃ of round scopes, each piece slide block (6) all can do dried relatively mold center entad and centrifugal motion.On the last plane of slide block (6) the tenon (not shown) is arranged, be installed in the patrix (7) of band horizontal dovetail groove (not shown), so slide block (6) can do the horizontal radial slippage along dovetail groove, slide block number of the present utility model is four.The number of brace (4) is 8.The center of patrix (7) is fixed with a mandrel (14), in order to be processed to form the centre bore platform of aluminium wheel (1), patrix (7) has several holes on every side around mandrel (14), pass through for anti-push rod (13) and push rod (15), the upper end of anti-push rod (13) and push rod (15) is fixed in the push pedal (11), anti-push rod (13) and push rod (15) also run through upper plate (8), upper plate (8) is solidly fixed with patrix (7), and be fixed with some leads (12) between top board (27) that crossbeam (21) fixes and the upper plate (8), lead (12) runs through push pedal (11), and the related anti-push rod of push pedal (11) (13) can move up and down along described lead (12).The center of patrix (5) is a cylinder barrel (26), the top of cylinder barrel (26) is reservoir (25), the epimere cylindrical shell of the cylinder barrel (26) of described reservoir (25), following extrusion head (2) is arranged in the cylinder barrel (26), be used for storage is contained in the die cavity that aluminium liquid in the cylinder barrel is expressed to mould and go, and carry out the pressurize of a period of time.It is that bar portion with following extrusion head (2) is solidly fixed that the action of following extrusion head (2) is subjected to down extrusion oil cylinder (17) control, the oil cylinder plunger (18) in the following extrusion oil cylinder (17).
The casting process of aluminium wheel is undertaken by following program:
Is reservoir (25) that 680 ℃~750 ℃ aluminum alloy melt pour into the Sheng liquid cylinder of counterdie (5) with pony ladle (24) with temperature in die opening state, this reservoir (25) should be preheating to earlier before containing liquid in 150 ℃~300 ℃ the temperature range, and carrying out dope agent aquadag on extrusion head (2) and reservoir (25) inwall down, at other die cavity position coating RE-1 releasing agent.After aluminium liquid was poured into the reservoir (25) on described cylinder barrel (26) top, the primer fluid press made moved cross beam (21) descending.After the inclined hole (28) in the slide block (6) contacts brace (4), continuous decline along with moved cross beam (21), four slide blocks of brace (4) pulling (6) along horizontal radial direction entad by disturbing, the projection (29) of final slide block (6) bottom falls in the groove (30) of counterdie (5), to realize the locking to slide block (6).When patrix (7) and counterdie (5) were closed, anti-push rod (13) was pushed push pedal (11) to upper, and all push rods (15) are returned to upper.Squeeze cylinder plunger (23) pressure (being mold clamping force) reaches desirable value (650kg/cm on hydraulic press 2More than) time, then starting down, squeeze cylinder (17) makes the following extrusion head (2) that is connected on the oil cylinder plunger (18) up, aluminum alloy melt in the reservoir (25) is pushed in the die cavity of extrusion die, and boost to desirable value, keep-up pressure a period of time, squeeze pressure is P 〉=50MPa, dwell time to be 15~60 seconds (the best is 30 seconds).Like this, the aluminum alloy melt in the reservoir (25) under high pressure solidifies, and produces a small amount of plastic deformation.Then, make the up die sinking of hydraulic press moved cross beam (21), when moved cross beam (21) is up, top one segment distance in following extrusion head (2) continuation, foundry goods is stayed on the patrix (7), and moved cross beam (21) continuation is up then, because the effect of brace (4), make the slide block (6) of intermediate die when constantly rising, make centrifugal motion and take turns the disengagement of foundry goods (1) wheel rim lateral concave position, gradually away from casting part (1) with aluminium.At this moment, casting part (1) stays on the patrix (7), when rising to, hydraulic press moved cross beam (21) make the charging ram (10) that is fixed on the top beam of hydraulic machine (22) and push pedal (11) when colliding, then constantly rise with hydraulic press moved cross beam (21), make charging ram (10) promote push pedal (11) and do relative motion downwards, thereby the knock-pin (15) that promotes the distribution of dozens of hoop is released foundry goods (1) from patrix (7) along guide pillar (12).

Claims (5)

1. the extrusion casting method of an aluminum-alloy wheel, it uses traditional common vertical hydraulic press simple in structure to adopt the metal die with the three fens moulds in upper, middle and lower of horizontal parting, molten metal is pressed in the mold cavity that was preheated with extrusion head, again through certain pressurize and mould remaining time, die sinking then, last foundry goods is ejected, stacks, and it is characterized in that:
A, molten metal is pressed by plunger with speed slowly and is charged in the mold cavity when filling type;
B, to fill the extrusion head that type uses be along the vertical direction of motion molten metal slowly to be charged into die cavity;
C, arranged after finishing liquid metal filling one period dwell time of 15 seconds to 60 seconds.
D, the described mouthful diameter of detouring are suitable with the diameter of reservoir substantially.
2. extrusion casting method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: before molten metal was poured into reservoir, reservoir and mould were preheating to 150 ℃-300 ℃ temperature.
3. extrusion casting method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the temperature that is poured into the molten metal (aluminium alloy) in the reservoir is 680 ℃-750 ℃.
4. the extrusion casting apparatus of an aluminum-alloy wheel, it includes three fens moulds that general vertical hydraulic press and horizontal parting are made up of patrix, middle mould and counterdie, included 1 in the mould in described three minutes) the control intermediate die entad does automatically or the brace mechanism 2 of centrifugal motion) aluminium liquid is filled type mechanism 3 from what reservoir injected described three sub-model chambeies), it is characterized in that:
The automatic ejecting mechanism of forming by charging ram, push pedal, push rod of foundry goods, described charging ram is static with respect to hydraulic press, and be fixed with the push rod of stretching under the many vertical cantilever in the described movable push pedal, it passes the guide hole that is opened on patrix and the upper plate, but is relative motion with respect to upper plate and patrix;
Equal the reservoir diameter substantially at the described diameter that waters the road junction in the type mechanism that fills.
5. aluminum-alloy wheel extrusion casting apparatus as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that: in described movable push pedal, be fixed with the many anti-push rods of stretching under the vertical cantilever, it passes the guide hole that is opened on patrix and the upper plate, and servo-actuated is in described push pedal, and is movable with respect to patrix and upper plate.
CN 92109088 1992-08-02 1992-08-02 Extrusion casting method and equipment for aluminum alloy wheel Expired - Fee Related CN1039103C (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN 92109088 CN1039103C (en) 1992-08-02 1992-08-02 Extrusion casting method and equipment for aluminum alloy wheel

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN 92109088 CN1039103C (en) 1992-08-02 1992-08-02 Extrusion casting method and equipment for aluminum alloy wheel

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN1082467A CN1082467A (en) 1994-02-23
CN1039103C true CN1039103C (en) 1998-07-15

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100396400C (en) * 2004-05-10 2008-06-25 张新颖 Casting and forging process of aluminum wheel

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100396400C (en) * 2004-05-10 2008-06-25 张新颖 Casting and forging process of aluminum wheel

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Publication number Publication date
CN1082467A (en) 1994-02-23

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