CN103907558B - Marine shoal ecosystem herds breeding method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an original ecological grazing method in marine shoals, in which production operations of circle, farm, grazing, and grazing are carried out on coastal shoals; circle: refers to the fence in pastoral areas, which adopts a double-layer integral closed fence with dual functions of anti-typhoon and anti-escape All-weather protection in pastoral areas; field: refers to the ecological environment of pastoral areas, including the establishment of seedling breeding sites, feeding sites, habitat sites and wintering sites; release: refers to the use of artificial release of large economic biological species and artificial breeding of tidal flat aquatic organisms in pastoral areas to build natural habitats in pastoral areas. Ecosystem; grazing: refers to the natural breeding, natural feeding, natural sewage discharge and natural growth of tidal flat organisms in the natural ecosystem of pastoral areas; and the implementation of dynamic balance management according to changes in the natural environment and climate and the relationship between biological groups. The invention has the characteristics of low input and high output, simple and practical, relatively balanced environmental protection and resource utilization, restores marine aquatic resources that have been declining year after year, and realizes harmonious development between man and nature.

Description

The original ecological herding method of ocean tidal flats

technical field

The invention relates to a tidal flat breeding method. Specifically, the method follows the natural law, provides the required growth conditions according to the growth characteristics of the organism, fully exerts its natural growth instinct, and combines the dynamic management of the natural environment change and the biological growth process Measures to carry out tidal flat ecological grazing production operations.

Background technique

At present, the marine aquaculture methods mainly include reclamation seapony aquaculture, tidal flat low-dam high-net aquaculture, marine cage aquaculture and industrial aquaculture. These traditional aquaculture methods have many common problems: 1. High input cost and low output efficiency; 2. The breeding bait is mainly small fish, small shrimp, small crab and aquatic resource seedlings. The waste of resources is large, causing a vicious cycle of marine resources, and the gain outweighs the gain; 3. Due to intensive breeding, self-pollution cannot be solved, and the incidence rate is high and spreads quickly and 4. The environmental factors of the breeding grounds are not complete, artificial feeding is not comprehensive in nutrition, the yield is low, and the quality is poor. Specific manifestations are resource waste, high energy consumption, high incidence of breeding and rapid spread, low yield and poor quality, serious environmental damage and pollution, and people's large-scale unlimited fishing of marine natural resources through high-tech means, resulting in a sharp decline in marine aquatic resources. Restrict the sustainable development of marine economy.

However, the existing value-added measures for marine aquatic resources, such as artificial exile and artificial fish reefs, are immature in technology, and the introduction of biological seedlings is not in place, resulting in marine ecological imbalance. Artificial fish reefs have little effect on the value-added of marine resources, and a large amount of investment , but due to the scarcity of marine resources, there are reefs and no fish playing.

The above-mentioned causes are caused by human beings, and there is a serious imbalance between environmental protection and resource utilization.

Contents of the invention

In view of the above-mentioned defects of various existing marine production methods and the lack of marine aquatic resources caused by them, as well as the lack of value-added measures for the restoration of aquatic resources and the ineffective effect, the present invention provides an original ecological herding method for marine tidal flats. It grasps the entry point of restoring marine aquatic resources from the source, and carries out ecological herding at the place where the salty and fresh water blend at the source of water quality and the source of marine aquatic resources—coastal tidal flats, with low input and high output, energy saving and self-drainage , Simple and practical features. The purpose of the present invention is to balance environmental protection and resource utilization, restore marine aquatic resources that have been declining year after year, and realize the harmonious development of man and nature.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:

An original ecological grazing method for marine tidal flats, which is used to conduct circle, field, grazing and grazing production operations on natural coastal tidal flats; circle: refers to the fence in pastoral areas, and adopts double-layer integral closed fences with dual functions of anti-typhoon and anti-escape to guard pastoral areas. All-weather protection; field: refers to the ecological environment of the pastoral area, including the construction of nursery sites, feeding sites, habitat sites and wintering sites, the role of which is to attract tidal flat aquatic organism seedlings brought by the tide to survive and reproduce and provide living space for tidal flat aquatic organisms; release : Refers to the method of combining artificial release of large-scale economic biological species and artificial cultivation and reproduction of tidal flat aquatic organisms in pastoral areas to restore the ecological chain relationship between tidal flat organisms and the structure of biological groups, the ecological environment and the three-dimensional structure of multi-level biological groups Mutual interaction constitutes the natural ecosystem of the pastoral area; herding: refers to the natural nursery, natural feeding, natural sewage discharge and natural growth of tidal flat organisms in the natural ecosystem of the pastoral area; and implements dynamics according to changes in the natural environment and climate and the relationship between biological groups. balance management.

After adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the advantage that the present invention has compared with prior art is:

The original ecological animal husbandry method of marine tidal flats of the present invention changes the traditional method of tidal flat breeding to obtain short-term maximum economic benefits by breaking the ecological balance, and provides a brand-new tidal flat ecological breeding idea, that is, to build a natural ecological system in a pastoral area to Obtain long-term good breeding income, greatly reduce the cost of tidal flat farming, and at the same time, it can continue to repair the currently damaged marine aquatic resources.

Specifically, the ponds in the traditional breeding method are only a breeding space, which is used to accumulate seawater to provide living space for the cultivation of seafood, and the tide cannot freely enter and exit, so it will cause damage to the ecological environment of the tidal flat; but the pastoral area described in the present invention , the tide can freely enter and exit, the tidal flat has a relatively gentle slope from the nursery site to the wintering site, and there are nursery sites for the hatching and seedlings of tidal flat organisms, feeding sites for tidal flat organisms foraging, and shelters for tidal flat organisms to inhabit and overwinter Habitat site and wintering site, so the pasture area described in the present invention can form a relatively stable natural tidal flat ecosystem, which is conducive to restoring the tidal flat ecological environment.

The ecosystem constructed in pastoral areas includes non-biological matter and energy, producers, consumers and decomposers; non-biological matter and energy include nutrients, air, tidal energy and light energy, producers include benthic algae and planktonic algae, consumers Including crabs and shellfish, decomposers include fungi. Utilizing the ebb and flow of the tide, various microorganisms, nutrients, and biological seedlings are brought into the pasture to enrich various material resources and form a biological chain of various organisms. Use tidal energy to take out the biological excrement in the pasture area. Using air energy, various nutrients are generated through oxidation and decomposition of scavengers, bacteria, and fungi, which are absorbed and utilized by various algae under the action of sunlight, forming a virtuous circle. After the tide goes down, the sun's ultraviolet rays are used to sterilize and reproduce benthic algae naturally. Through the ingress and egress of the tide, various biological eggs, spores, and seedlings are brought into the pasture area, and the above environmental factors in the pasture area are used to attract tidal flat organisms to reproduce and grow, forming natural nursery and reproduction, and enriching the biological resources of the pasture.

The traditional pond culture is to put the seedlings of the cultured organisms in the pond, and adopt the feeding method of artificial feeding to carry out the cultivation. The problem of sewage discharge cannot be solved. Due to the eutrophication problem caused by the cultivation, the quality of the cultured organisms is not good; and the present invention is Put the seeds of grazing organisms in the pasture, use tidal natural energy to input material energy and resources to provide the needs of the pastoral area, and at the same time solve the problem that traditional breeding cannot discharge sewage. The grazing organisms feed on the bait that grows naturally in the pasture. There is no need for artificial feeding. As an integral part of the pasture ecosystem, animal husbandry is used to maintain the balance of the ecosystem, which solves the problem of eutrophication caused by traditional farming, improves the quality of breeding biological products, and can obtain better economic benefits.

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is further described:

Figure 1: a schematic top view of the present invention.

Figure 2: A schematic diagram of a partial three-dimensional structure of the present invention.

In the figure, 11: outer pile; 12: outer pull rope; 13: outer net; 14: outer pole; 15: outer net stem; 21: inner pile; 22: inner pull rope; 23: inner net; 24: inner Support pole; 25: inner net stem; 31: flat top net; 32: connecting pull rope; 33: smooth escape prevention layer.

Detailed ways

The following descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and therefore do not limit the protection scope of the present invention.

Embodiment, an original ecological herding method of marine tidal flats, carrying out circle, field, grazing and grazing production operations on natural coastal tidal flats; circle: refers to fences in pastoral areas, adopting double-layer integral closed fences with dual functions of anti-typhoon and anti-escape Carry out all-weather protection for pastoral areas; field: refers to the ecological environment of pastoral areas, including the construction of nursery sites, feeding sites, habitat sites and wintering sites, the role of which is to attract tidal flat aquatic species seedlings brought by tides for survival and reproduction and provide survival of tidal flat aquatic organisms Space; release: refers to the method of combining artificial release of large-scale economic biological species and artificial cultivation and reproduction of tidal flat aquatic organisms in pastoral areas to restore the ecological chain relationship between tidal flat organisms and the structure of biological groups, and the ecological environment and multi-level biological groups. The interaction of the three-dimensional structure constitutes the natural ecosystem of the pastoral area; herding: refers to the natural breeding, natural feeding, natural sewage discharge and natural growth of tidal flat organisms in the natural ecological system of the pastoral area; The relationship implements dynamic balance management.

Specifically, the circle: pastoral area fence, adopts a double-layer integrally connected closed fence with dual functions of anti-typhoon and anti-escape, to protect production safety in pastoral areas under all weather conditions. The poles of the fence are misplaced inside and outside, and the net is sandwiched in the middle to resolve the destructive effect of concentrated force on the same plane caused by typhoon frontal invasion in different directions. The double-layer integral connection can save materials and enhance the anti-typhoon strength of the fence. The smooth cloth is set on the connecting pull rope at the top of the pole to prevent crawling creatures such as blue crabs from escaping over the fence. The fence net does not block the natural fluctuation of the tide, so the tide can input marine material energy into the pastoral area, providing pastoral areas Basic nutrients are guaranteed, and after the restoration of aquatic resources in pastoral areas, the surrounding sea areas will be radiated.

Farm: The construction of environmental sites, including nursery sites, feeding sites, habitat sites, and wintering sites, provides living spaces in all-climate environments for pastoral organisms. The nursery site is located in the Shangtan area of the pastoral area. Several small ponds are dug in the nursery site to store water to cultivate microorganisms and attract tidal flat organisms to breed and breed. The feeding site is located in the middle beach area of the pastoral area. Benthic algae, mussel clams, razor clams and small shellfish with no economic value are cultivated and reproduced as the basic bait of pastoral organisms. Microorganisms, feeding grounds serve as the basic bait base for grazing organisms, providing nutrient-rich active bait for grazing organisms. Habitats and wintering sites are located in Xiatan District. Ring ditches and dams are dug to store water. In summer, the water is stored to cool down and provide habitat for pastoral creatures.

The size of the pastoral area is 100-1000 mu, which reduces the cost of tidal flat construction, facilitates management, provides a more complete pastoral environment and space, and avoids the destruction of the original natural environment. The present invention adopts the method of small-area water storage in large-area pastoral areas. The ecological pastoral area is composed of the deep water area of the ring ditch, the shallow water area of the tidal flat, the natural dry dew area of the tidal flat, the water storage area of a small pond, and the ecological function area of natural fluctuations in seawater. The ring ditch is deep. 1-1.5 meters, the width of the ditch bottom is about 2 meters, and the width of the ditch is 10-15 meters. It is connected with the beach surface to form a slope. %-60%, the water storage beach surface is about 0.3 meters deep, so as to reduce the difficulty of water conservancy projects for tidal flat construction.

The pastoral area has sufficient sunlight, unimpeded air flow, sufficient dissolved oxygen, natural input of material and energy resources, and a complete natural sewage circulation system. The pastoral area is divided into four functional areas, the high beach area is the breeding function area, the middle beach area is the bait base feeding area, the low beach area is the habitat and hibernation water storage area for summer and winter, and there are also larger organisms produced after high tide Activity zone, providing better material energy input. This pastoral area has not only complete ecological environment facilities, but also abundant material and energy input, which provides an ecological pastoral area with excellent environmental factors for enriching aquatic resources.

Because the fence of the present invention does not block, the tide naturally rises and falls, so that material energy resources are input. When the tide is low, the pastoral area is exposed to direct sunlight and ultraviolet rays are naturally sterilized. Through photosynthesis, algae absorb nutrients and grow vigorously. , microorganisms, algae, small organisms and biological seedlings are continuously input to provide the basic materials for production in pastoral areas. When the tide ebbs, some of the excrement of the organisms will be taken away to keep the environment in pastoral areas clean, and then provide abundant materials, energy and resources. A pastoral area with excellent environmental factors.

Release: Scatter crab seedlings to restore the original disconnected ecological chain relationship and biological group structure. Such as material nutrients - microbial algae - filter-feeding shellfish, muscular clams, razor clams - swimming crabs. The function of maintaining the ecological balance in the pastoral area is to overcome the lack of nutrients needed by pastoral organisms, the squeeze of living space and the accumulation of their own excrement. Cultivate and reproduce tidal flat aquatic organisms and provide superior environmental factors in pastoral areas. Environmental factors include nursery sites, feeding sites, habitat sites, and overwintering sites required by pastoral organisms under natural environmental conditions, as well as material nutrients, energy and resources, attract tidal flat organisms to breed and breed, enrich aquatic resources in pastoral areas, and form a biological multi-level structure and multi-group ecological system. In the pastoral area, the collocation species of artificially releasing large-scale economic biological species and artificially cultivating and breeding tidal flat aquatic organisms specifically include: Portunus, blue crab, mantis shrimp, Penaeus prawn, Penaeus lanceolata, white shrimp, tide-watching, mudskipper, Mullet, barracuda, snapper and scallops. The role of the multi-level population structure lies in the staggered seasons of biological growth, the stratification of living space, the classification of food intake, and the dispersal of biological excreta in stages, resulting in a living space with more but not dense, and a biological group with less but not lacking bait nutrition. A three-dimensional ecological system that interacts with each other.

As a preferred solution, the collocation species of artificially releasing large-scale economic biological species and artificially breeding and breeding tidal flat aquatic organisms in the pastoral area specifically include: mantis shrimp, Penaeus prawn, Penaeus lanceolata, white prawn, tide-watching, mudskipper, and mullet , barracuda, sea bream, cockles, cockles, rainbow clams, class snails, mud snails, razor clam and moss. This plan mainly focuses on releasing shellfish species with economic value. Since crabs use shellfish as bait, this plan does not need to release crab breeding species.

As another preferred solution, the tidal flats in the pastoral area do not store water, and the collocation species of large-scale economic biological species and artificial breeding and breeding of aquatic organisms in the tidal flats in the pastoral area are: blue crab, mantis shrimp, tide-watching, tidal flat fish , class snail, mud snail and moss. No water storage can reduce the amount of water conservancy projects in pastoral areas, save breeding costs, and obtain better economic benefits at the same time.

For example, the circular ecosystem in pastoral areas: material nutrients—microbial algae—filter-feeding small algae-eating animals—medium-sized carnivores—large economic carnivores—biological excrement, corpses—scavenging organisms, fungi and bacteria ——Material nutrient salt.

The multi-level biological multi-population structure lies in the interlaced three-dimensional interaction between biological groups, specifically including: the use of swimming crabs on the clams and razor clams, and the utilization of phytoplankton by the clams and razor clams from tidal fluctuations , planktonic algae absorb nutrients from extra-grazing substances, mudskippers use benthic algae in pasture areas, benthic algae use nutrients from tidal fluctuations, and mudskippers feed on shellfish, shrimps, fish and small crabs Utilization, mantis shrimps feed and utilize small fish, shrimps, and small crabs, and mullet, barracuda, and sea bream feed and utilize benthic algae and decaying plants, and have the function of cleaning dirt at the same time. They form a complex ecological system, and under the joint action of the ecological environment, they form a natural ecological system.

Herding: In the natural ecosystem of the pastoral area, Portunus seedlings and other tidal flat organisms carry out natural nursery, natural feeding, natural sewage discharge and natural growth; and implement dynamic balance management according to changes in the natural environment and climate and the relationship between biological groups. Specifically, dynamic balance management refers to the regulation of the growth density of grazing organisms, the regulation of overlapping living spaces between biological groups, and the regulation of food competition for bait, that is, timely fishing of specific biological species in specific seasons to adjust the ecological balance of pastoral areas. Successfully carry out the original ecological pastoral production in tidal flats, and at the same time restore marine aquatic resources at the source and radiate the surrounding sea areas.

Enclosure, field, grazing, and grazing specific implementation: time for clearing ponds, 2-5 days before raising, use medicinal tea seed cakes to apply pesticides, the amount is 100 catties per 100 mu, and the effect is to kill perch and moray eels in the pasture area. For species, it is necessary to pay attention to the amount of drug tea seed cakes should not be too much, so as to prevent accidental killing of basic food organisms such as muscaria clams and razor clams cultivated in pastoral areas. Pesticide application method: During the flood season, when the water in the pastoral area is put into the ring ditch 0.5 meters deep, the drug tea cake is sprinkled from the upper reaches of the ring ditch during the day, flows through the ring ditch from top to bottom, and finally flows out from the gate, and then attracts egrets Humans devour the killed fish.

On June 30, the water was artificially stored, and the portunus seedlings were artificially released. From July 1st to July 10th, the seedlings of the 4th and 5th stages were released respectively, and the number was about 500 per mu. Specifically, the number of portunus seedlings bred naturally in the pastoral area was observed again. Determine the number of artificial seedlings to prevent the density from breaking the ecological balance of the pasture. Through the release of portunus seedlings and the preferential breeding and attraction of environmental factors in pastoral areas, tidal flat organisms are cultivated and reproduced, biological resources in pastoral areas are enriched, and a biological chain between organisms is basically formed. For example, basic bait, mussel clam, razor clam, shellfish, small fish, shrimp, crab, and planktonic algae are continuously input through tide fluctuations. Large-scale economic organisms such as mud crab seedlings are sufficient, and mantis shrimp The multi-level and three-dimensional biological structure of economic organisms such as prawns, Penaeus prawns, Penaeus lanceolata, white prawns, mudskippers, and tide-watching has been formed, and the ecological system is basically complete.

Check the damage of the fence daily and make timely repairs, observe the growth of pastoral animals in pastoral areas and make timely adjustments. For example, Penaeus prawns and Penaeus lanceolata live in the same area around the ring ditch with swimming crabs after a month of growth, and their growth space overlaps from August, so it is necessary to start fishing in time in mid-August to avoid the killing of swimming crabs and prawns. , to reduce unnecessary losses. Another example is the control of the growth density of swimming crabs. Generally, about 1/2 of the male crabs are caught before mating in September, and the breeding density is adjusted to reduce the killing loss caused by male crabs fighting during the mating period and improve the survival rate. The density of Portunus crabs during growth is: 500/mu in the seedling stage, 250/mu in the growth stage, and 100/mu in the fattening stage. Consumption is relatively less, but the economic benefits are higher.

Scylla serrata began to compete with swimming crabs for bait from mid-August, so 60% of the male and female Scylla serrata were caught together from mid-August to before mating to reduce bait competition and disease transmission. Swimming crabs are caught after hibernation, Wangchao is caught all year round except in cold winter, mudskippers are caught all year round except hibernation, mantis shrimps are caught from May to June, class snails are caught all year round, mud snails are caught from May to July, and razor clams are caught in the first half of the year The harvest starts from January to June. The mullet, barracuda, and sea bream are listed according to the specifications.

The original ecological animal husbandry method in the marine tidal flats of the present invention generally does not need to cast bait, does not apply pesticides, and does not adopt artificial seedlings for additional products, and its economic biological species also include mud crabs, prawns, Prawns, white prawns, mantis shrimp, tide-watching, mudskipper, class snail, mud snail, razor clam and moss. The above-mentioned specific embodiments illustrate the main points of the original ecological animal husbandry method for marine tidal flats of the present invention: small seedlings, no pesticides, no bait, and timely harvesting to regulate the growth density of animal husbandry and the relationship between biological groups. Overlapping competition relationship, so as to realize the ecological balance in the pastoral area, and carry out the production operation of the original ecological animal husbandry in tidal flats. The original ecological grazing method of the ocean tidal flat is scientific, easy to operate, strong in practicability, low in investment and high in output, and the total output and economic benefits are better.

The properties of tidal flat herding creatures are as follows:

Swimming crab--aquatic--omnivorous--breeding in intertidal zone and tidal flat;

Scylla serrata -- acupoint selection -- carnivorous -- tidal flat reproduction;

Banjie shrimp--aquatic--carnivorous--breeding in intertidal zone and tidal flat;

Penaeus lanceolata—aquatic—omnivorous—breeding in tidal flats;

Ridgetail white shrimp--aquatic--omnivorous--breeding in intertidal zone and tidal flat;

Mantis Shrimp--acupoint-selective--carnivorous--breeding in intertidal zone and tidal flat;

Mullet—aquatic—licking algae—reproduction in the intertidal zone;

Barracuda -- aquatic -- licking algae -- breeding in the intertidal zone;

Sea bream--aquatic--carnivorous--breeding in the intertidal zone;

Mudskipper--selecting acupoints--licking algae-eating--tidal flat breeding;

Tide-watching-acupoint selection-carnivorous-tidal flat breeding;

Clams--shallow tidal flats--filter feeding--tidal flat reproduction;

Hairy clam--living in groups on the bottom of the water--filter feeding--breeding in the intertidal zone;

Rainbow clam--living in groups on the bottom of the water--filter-feeding--breeding in the intertidal zone;

Constricted razor clam -- acupoint selection -- filter feeding -- tidal flat reproduction;

Class snail--tidal flat latentness--carnivorousness--tidal flat reproduction;

Mud snail--tidal flat latentness--algae-eating property--tidal flat reproduction;

Moss - tidal flat growth - absorption - tidal flat reproduction.

The group structure of the biological chain relationship is as follows:

Swimming crab: material nutrient salt--algae microorganism--algae-eating organisms, muscular clam, razor clam--swimming crab;

Scylla serrata: material nutrients--algae microorganisms--most tidal flat aquatic animals--scylla serrata;

Banjie prawn: material nutrient salt--microbial algae--small fish, shrimp, small shellfish-- Banjie prawn;

Penaeus lanceolata: material nutrient salt--microbial algae--benthos algae, small fish, shrimp, shellfish--prawn lanceolata;

White prawn: material nutrient salt--microbial algae, debris, carcasses--white prawn;

Mantis Shrimp: Substance Nutrient Salt--Microbial Algae--Small Fish, Shrimp, Crab, Shellfish--Mantis Shrimp;

Mullet: material nutrients--algae, detritus--mullet;

Barracuda: material nutrient salt--algae, debris--barracuda;

Mudskipper: material nutrient salt--algae--mudskipper;

Sea bream: material nutrients--microbial algae--molluscs, small fish, shrimp, small shellfish--bream;

Tide Watching: Substance Nutrients--Microbial Algae--Small Shellfish--Small Crabs--Tide Watching;

Clam: material nutrient salt - algae, debris - clam;

Clams: material nutrients - algae, debris - clams;

Rainbow clam: material nutrient salt--algae, debris--rainbow clam;

Constricted razor clam: material nutrient salt--algae, debris-constricted razor clam;

Class snail: material nutrient salt - algae - shellfish - class snail;

Mud snail: material nutrient salt--algae-mud snail;

Moss: material nutrient salt - moss.

In addition, the fence of the present invention is shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2: the southern coast of my country often encounters typhoon disturbance, and the main difficult problem of coastal tidal flat animal husbandry is how to resist typhoon to ensure the safety of the pasture. For this reason, the inventor of the present invention submitted a patent application for "Tidal Flat Low Dam High Net Ecological Breeding Anti-typhoon Facilities" to the State Intellectual Property Office on August 17, 2012. The announcement number is CN202819291U, which mainly adopts an inner and outer double-layer fence structure. , including nets, ropes, stakes, stalks, poles, etc., are characterized by the dislocation of the inside and outside of the poles, and the net is sandwiched in the middle. The lateral force exerted by the typhoon on the net is evenly distributed to several poles, which reduces the stress on the net elements at the upper and lower ends of the net.

The bamboo poles are 3-9 meters high. The bamboo poles have certain toughness, and the anti-typhoon effect is better than rigid wooden poles. The roots of the poles are buried in the tidal flats for about 1.5 meters. The net outline is fixed at the bamboo joints of the poles, and the height of the poles is 25-30 cm higher than the top of the net. The function is to protect the capping bamboo joints of the poles, prevent water from entering the poles, prevent bamboo joints from rot, and prolong the life of the poles.

The inner fence is made of 3-4 strands of spun yarn, with a mesh size of 1.5-2 cm. It is mainly used for grazing aquatic organisms and anti-typhoon. Save raw materials. The inner fence adopts 6-12 strands of roving net with a mesh size of 3-4 cm to prevent the impact of foreign drifts, and use enlarged mesh to reduce the force of the typhoon and the fence, and at the same time prevent the escape of grazing aquatic organisms.

Use bamboo sticks with a diameter of 3-5 cm and a length of 50-60 cm to pass through the net at the bottom of the net, and bury the stem and the net at the bottom of the net at the same time in a 50 cm deep tidal flat. Force area to firmly fix the mesh at the lower end of the mesh.

The angle between the pull rope and the rod is 40-45°, and the pull rope and the pile maintain a 90° right angle. The pull rope can be designed in a Y shape, which can save 30% of the pull rope and 50% of the pile without affecting the fixing effect. The material of Zhuyuan bamboo can be cut into rods, piles and stems, and the input cost is relatively low.

The fence described in the present invention is optimized and improved on the basis of the existing fence, and has anti-typhoon performance and anti-escape performance, so as to solve the main problem of coastal tidal flat herding. Concretely, described fence comprises the inner fence that is made of inner net 23, inner pole 24, inner stake 21, inner stay rope 22 and inner net stem 25 and is made of outer net 13, outer pole 14, outer stake 11, The outer fence composed of the outer pull rope 12 and the outer net stem 15, a flat top net 31 is arranged between the inner fence and the outer fence; a number of inner poles 24 are fixedly inserted on the tidal flat and distributed in the inner net 23 in a staggered manner The inner net stems 25 are buried in the tidal flats and connected to the mesh at the lower end of the inner net 23, the inner piles 21 are buried in the tidal flats on the inner side of the inner net 23, and the two ends of the inner stay ropes 22 are respectively fixed to the inner poles. 24 and the inner pile 21; several outer poles 14 are fixedly inserted on the tidal flats and are distributed staggeredly on both sides of the outer net 13, and the outer net stems 15 are buried in the tidal flats and connected with the mesh at the lower end of the outer net 13. The pile 11 is buried in the tidal flat outside the outer net 13, and the two ends of the outer stay rope 12 are respectively fixed on the outer pole 14 and the outer pile 11; between the inner pole 24 and the outer pole 14, a Connect the stay cord 32, the flat top net 31 is laid on the described connection stay cord 32, one side of the flat top net 31 is connected with the mesh on the upper end of the outer net 13, and the other side of the flat top net 31 is connected with the inner net 23 There are gaps in between.

The fence of the present invention adopts the connecting stay rope 32 to fixedly connect the inner pole 24 and the outer pole 14, so the inner fence and the outer fence only need one side of the rope to meet the force balance and have typhoon resistance . The effect of the stay rope that connects also is to be able to be used for laying flat top net 31, and flat top net 31 is fixedly connected with the upper end net outline of outer net 13, forms an inverted " L " shape structure, and flat top net 31 and interior net 23 There is a gap between them, the effect of this gap is that when crabs climb out from the inner net 23, they enter between the inner net 23 and the outer net 13 from the gap, and the effect of the flat top net 31 is that when the crabs escape from the inner net 23 When crabs climbed onto the outer net 13, the flat top net 31 could stop it from climbing over and escaping because the crabs' own gravity could not climb over to the upper end surface from the lower end surface of the flat top net 31.

As preferably, the fence also includes a smooth escape prevention layer 33 laid on the connecting pull cord 32, the smooth escape prevention layer 33 is located between the flat top net 31 and the inner net 23, one side of the smooth escape prevention layer 33 It is connected with the flat top net 31, and there is a gap between the other side of the smooth escape prevention layer 33 and the inner net 23.

The fence of the present invention overcomes the destructive effects of typhoon through reasonable layout design. The inside and outside of the poles are misplaced, and the net is in the middle, resisting the typhoon's frontal attack from different directions. The spacing can make the overall horizontal plane of the seine fence bear the force of the joints, and reduce the force per unit area of the typhoon and the fence. Among them, the upper and lower poles and the seine net are evenly stressed, which changes the traditional two-point concentrated stress on the upper and lower nets of the fence. The segmental force action of the pole spacing breaks down the force on the same plane of the traditional fence, and resolves the typhoon and the fence. The destructive effect of the concentrated force of the net, compared with the traditional fence, without adding any materials, the anti-table strength is increased by more than 5 times, and the service life is increased by two years.

It should be noted that the accompanying drawings are only used as explanatory schematic diagrams of the present invention, and the above content is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, in the specific implementation and application range There will be changes in all the above, and the content of this specification should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A kind of marine tidal flat original ecological herding method is characterized in that, on natural coastal tidal flats, carry out circle, field, put, grazing production operation; Circle: Refers to the fence in the pastoral area, which uses a double-layer integral closed fence with dual functions of anti-typhoon and anti-escape to protect the pastoral area from all weathers; Field: Refers to the ecological environment in pastoral areas, including the construction of nursery sites, feeding sites, habitat sites and wintering sites, the role of which is to attract tidal flat aquatic organism seedlings brought by tides for survival and reproduction and provide living space for tidal flat aquatic organisms; Release: refers to the method of combining artificial release of large-scale economic biological species and artificial breeding and breeding of tidal flat aquatic organisms in pastoral areas to restore the ecological chain relationship between tidal flat organisms and the structure of biological groups, the ecological environment and the three-dimensional structure of multi-level biological groups interaction, constitute the natural ecosystem of the pastoral area; Herding: refers to the natural breeding, natural feeding, natural sewage discharge and natural growth of tidal flat organisms in the natural ecosystem of pastoral areas; and the implementation of dynamic balance management according to changes in the natural environment and climate and the relationship between biological groups. 2. The original ecological animal husbandry method according to claim 1, characterized in that said artificially throwing large-scale economic biological species includes crabs, shrimps, fish, and shellfish. 3. The original ecological herding method of marine tidal flats according to claim 1, characterized in that, the artificially cultivated and propagated tidal flat aquatic organisms include crabs, shrimps, fish, shellfish, and algae; the artificially cultivated and propagated tidal flats Aquatic organisms are environmental factors that provide excellent fertility in pastoral areas to attract tidal flat aquatic organisms to reproduce and grow, so as to enrich aquatic resources in pastoral areas. 4. the original ecological herding method of marine tidal flats according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the basic bait of described artificially throwing in large-scale economic biological species and described artificially cultivating and breeding tidal flat aquatic organisms comprises planktonic microorganisms, algae, Xen's muscle Clams, razor clams, and small fish, shellfish, shrimps, and crabs. 5. The original ecological animal husbandry method according to claim 1, characterized in that the range of the pastoral area is 100-1000 mu. 6. The original ecological herding method of marine tidal flats according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that, the tidal flats in the pastoral areas store water, and its water storage area is greater than 10% of the total area of the pastoral areas. 7. The original ecological animal husbandry method of ocean tidal flats according to claim 6 is characterized in that, in the pasture area, the collocation species of artificially throwing in large-scale economic biological species and artificially cultivating and breeding tidal flat aquatic organisms are: swimming crab, blue crab, serrata, Mantis shrimp, Banjie prawns, Penaeus prawns, White prawns, Wangchao, mudskipper, mullet, barracuda, sea bream and moss. 8. The original ecological animal husbandry method of marine tidal flats according to claim 6 is characterized in that, in the pasture area, artificially throw in large-scale economic biological species and artificially cultivate and breed tidal flat aquatic organisms. King prawns, white prawns, snails, mudskippers, mullets, barracudas, snappers, cockles, cockles, rainbow clams, class snails, mud snails, razor clam and moss. 9. The original ecological herding method of marine tidal flats according to claim 1, characterized in that, the tidal flats in the pastoral areas do not store water, and the collocation species of artificially throwing in large-scale economic biological species and artificially cultivating and breeding aquatic organisms in the tidal flats in the pastoral areas are : Scylla serrata, mantis shrimp, tide-watching, tidal flat fish, class snail, mud snail and moss. 10. The original ecological herding method of ocean tidal flats according to claim 1, characterized in that, the fence comprises an inner fence, an outer fence and a flat top net, and the inner fence includes an inner net, an inner pole, an inner pile, The inner stay rope and the inner net stalk, the outer seine net includes the outer net, the outer pole, the outer stake, the outer stay rope and the outer net stem, and a connecting stay rope is arranged between the inner pole and the outer pole, and the flat top net It is laid on the connecting stay rope, and one side of the flat-top net is connected to the outer net, and the other side of the flat-top net has a gap with the inner net; several inner poles are fixedly inserted on the tidal flat and distributed in a staggered manner on the inner net. On both sides, the inner net stalk is buried in the tidal flat and connected with the mesh at the lower end of the inner net, the inner stake is buried inside the inner net, and the two ends of the inner pull rope are respectively fixed on the inner pole and the inner pole; several outer poles are fixed Inserted on the tidal flat and distributed staggeredly on both sides of the outer net, the outer net stem is buried in the tidal flat and connected with the mesh at the lower end of the outer net, the outer stakes are buried outside the outer net, and the two ends of the outer pull rope are respectively fixed on the On the outer pole and the outer pile, the fence also includes a smooth escape prevention layer laid on the connecting stay rope, the smooth escape prevention layer is located between the flat top net and the inner net, and one side of the smooth escape prevention layer is connected to the flat top net. The top net is connected, and there is a gap between the other side of the smooth escape layer and the inner net.