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CN1038703C - Crushing combustion shell-free fracturing bomb - Google Patents

Crushing combustion shell-free fracturing bomb Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1038703C
CN1038703C CN93108854A CN93108854A CN1038703C CN 1038703 C CN1038703 C CN 1038703C CN 93108854 A CN93108854 A CN 93108854A CN 93108854 A CN93108854 A CN 93108854A CN 1038703 C CN1038703 C CN 1038703C
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China
Prior art keywords
bullet
bomb
bomb body
pressure
fracturing
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN93108854A
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CN1098163A (en
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王大安
李旭利
陈强
李桂宝
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Xian Modern Chemistry Research Institute
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Xian Modern Chemistry Research Institute
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Abstract

The invention relates to a crushing combustion caseless fracturing bomb, which consists of a warhead, a bomb body and a bomb tail, and aims to solve the problems of boosting speed and pulse pressure loading which can generate multiple cracks and long cracks and ignition and heat resistance of charging of a deep well. The invention adopts cable construction, the oil well is not blocked, and the invention is suitable for the fracturing of oil wells with various depths below 5000m and pushes the oil well to a new step for the exploitation of China.

Description

Non-shell press-cracking bomb
The present invention is the high energy fracturing device that belongs to the pressure break subsurface rock, is a kind of non-shell press-cracking bomb that is used for oil formation improvement of down-hole, oil field and oil development, and this bullet is made up of bullet, bomb body and projectile tail.
In oil exploitation, the effective measures that improve the low permeability oil field oil production rate are to implement pressure break, improve the permeability of oil reservoir, reduce oil flow resistance, thereby increase the oil production rate of oil well.
The fracturing process that generally uses in oil exploitation is fracturing at present, implement fracturing and need a lot of massive hydraulic fracturing equipment, also need a large amount of fracturing fluid and proppant, operating expenses is very expensive, in addition, fracturing only produces 1-2 bar crack, and fracturing also is subjected to the restriction of water source, landform and road conditions, and it is not suitable for water-sensitive strata.
Another kind of fracturing process is an explosive fracturing, though explosive fracturing also can be used for the pressure break of subterranean strata, defective is a lot.At first, explosive fracturing makes the sleeve pipe of oil well cause to break easily, makes the oil well can't ordinary production, even oil well is scrapped.Secondly, explosive fracturing is very dangerous, and explosive is impacted easily in transportation and use and blasts.
In recent years, developed a kind of high energy gas fracture bomb both at home and abroad, its structure has adopted the steel shell case, and it is few to exist explosive payload, uses inconvenience, and pressure oscillation is big, and the maximum constant pressure duration is short, falls accidents such as bullet and card bullet easily.In order to overcome the problem that metal shell exists, the Soviet Union has produced a kind of A at the seventies
Figure C9310885400031
The C type does not have the shell high energy gas fracture bomb, and its characteristics are furnished with longitudinal groove symmetrically at the side surface of powder column, so that embed wire rope, and utilizes wire rope the powder column string together, has developed a kind of at A afterwards again
Figure C9310885400041
C type powder column side is tied with the staple band that soaked resin.United States Patent (USP) U.S.P4.823,876 (1989.5.25) no shell gas generator structure of report and above-mentioned basically identical, different is to have increased a kind of anti-accelerator.External no shell high energy gas fracture bomb exists complex structure, processing technology difficulty big jointly, and wire rope can not be reused.Chinese patent 93102559.0 has adopted the axis connection, simple in structure can the repeated use.But up to the present, the operating principle that existing non-shell fracturing bullet powder charge all adopts cigarette burning or side and end face to burn simultaneously, because initial combustion surface is too little, the pressure rise time is long, the crack that its result causes the produce oil stratum is little and lack, and the effective success rate of pressure break is too low, and need carry out pressing crack construction under the oil well plugging condition, otherwise the pressure of generation is difficult to reach designing requirement.Because technical reasons such as igniting and charge constitution can't be used for deep well fracturing, thereby make the development of High-Energy Gas Fracturing Technology and application be subjected to very big restriction.
The objective of the invention is to overcome disadvantages of background technology, design and a kind ofly can produce multiple cracking, long crack, no shutoff, igniting reliably and the heat-resisting non-shell press-cracking bomb of powder charge.
Design of the present invention: realize above-mentioned purpose, be insurmountable by existing Pressure breaking bullet structure, because powder charge all is a cigarette burning in the existing non-shell fracturing bullet, must could rise to high pressure conditions in proper order by the shutoff gas pressure.The high temperature that utilizes powder burning to produce now makes profit vaporization and powder gases compress to two ends, has just formed instantaneous fluid column shutoff when the gas compression speed is far longer than pressure release speed.Existing igniting primer speed of ignition is slow, and the whole powder charge of Pressure breaking bullet is lighted simultaneously.Existing gunpowder, even select quick burning powder for use, because of the restriction of charge constitution, (5-50ms) do not produce high pressure this purpose between end face or side burning also reached and warm up, and existing explosive fracturing, it is too fast that pressure rises, and produces compacting, the problem of bursting apart.Address the above problem, necessary off the beaten track igniting and charge constitution adopt the form of the broken burning of gunpowder to come concept design igniter and charge constitution.For make the whole powder charge of non-shell fracturing bullet when the work by the designing requirement fragmentation, the center core igniter of igniter (also being tube connector) needs prefabricated radial slot or blind hole weak link.The very big flammable point gunpowder of specific surface is housed in the pipe, cap sensitive center detonating fuse or explosive bar are adopted in igniting, ignition charge only burns and does not explode, this exploding primer mode is faster than pyrophoric ignition speed, especially to almost igniting simultaneously of a few joint powder charges, make the rate of rise faster, be specially adapted to overcome in the deep-well high confining pressure making the influence of seam.Ignition charge can be at the high-temperature gas of several milliseconds of internal combustion generations greater than 100MPa pressure, the weak location distending of igniting primer, meanwhile, main charge breaks, high temperature and high pressure gas is lighted broken powder, realizes broken burning, by oil well fluid column self shutoff, in 5ms, reach the produce oil formation fracture pressure, cause many radial fissures.On the other hand, this igniter belongs to closed structure, has fundamentally solved the cellular type igniter and clamp-on the fatal shortcoming that causes the smooth and misfire of igniting in the flash hole because of powder charge when deep-well uses.
In order to improve fracturing effect, the duration that surge pressure is remained valid, make the rock fracture elongation, in powder charge, should select heat-resisting gunpowder and withstand voltage flammable clad more than 180 ℃, adopt quick burning powder and slow burning powder to carry out grating, non-shell press-cracking bomb is when work, and instantaneous boosting is played in quick burning powder conflagration, and the effect of keeping the peak value constant pressure is played in the slow-burning powder combustion lag.
Non-shell press-cracking bomb of the present invention (A type) hereinafter to be referred as A type bullet, is made up of bullet 12, bomb body 3-11 and projectile tail 1-2;
Bullet 12 is cones of steel, and the cone center is that M36 * 2 screw threads are used for the connection of bomb body.
Bomb body 3-11 is by clad 8, powder charge 6,9,10, and igniter 4,5,7 and upper and lower connector 3,11 are formed.
Clad 8 is that cloth, cementing agent and oxidant are formed, and plays waterproof and withstand voltage effect.
Powder charge is made up of slow burning powder 6,10 and quick burning powder 9, adopts heat-resisting composite propellant, or adopts the double-basis modified double base propellant.Heat-resisting two-layer slow burning powder and middle one deck quick burning powder are up and down adorned in the layering casting.
Igniter is made up of igniting primer 5, ignition charge 7, detonating fuse or explosive bar 4, and igniting primer is formed from steel, and the middle part has the 2-3 road to give the system groove, and ignition charge is black powder.Explosive is a hexogen in detonating fuse or the explosive bar.
Upper connector 3 is formed from steel internal thread M36 * 2, and following connector 11 is formed from steel M36 * 2 a connection sealing function, and upper and lower connector 3,11 all has centre bore.
The assembling of bomb body: following connector 11 is threaded with igniting primer 5, clad 8 and following connector 11 1 end tight fits, be cast into one deck slow burning powder 10 earlier, be cast into one deck quick burning powder 9 again, be cast into one deck slow burning powder 6 at last, after the casting medicine finished, upper connector 3 bottoms were threaded with igniting primer 5, and clad 8 bonds simultaneously with following connector 11 and promptly constitutes a joint bomb body.
Projectile tail 1-2 is formed from steel M36 * 2 screw shells 1, and centre bore is arranged in the housing, interior dress detonator 2.
According to the working design requirement, bomb body is by the assembling of 1-5 joint, and be threaded bullet and projectile tail promptly are assembled into a complete A type bullet.
Another object of the present invention is exactly in order to realize the controllable pulse pressure break, reach and extrude several around the pit shaft along crack that pit shaft radially extends, pit shaft and stratum communication on every side, the crack is longer, the subterranean formation zone of linking up is just big more, and the favourable frscturing of just healing is in order to realize the controllable pulse pressure break, as long as the detonator in the A type bullet of the present invention is changed into igniter head, detonating fuse or explosive bar change into ignition charge just can reach the controllable pulse pressure break.
Non-shell press-cracking bomb of the present invention (Type B), hereinafter to be referred as the Type B bullet, form by bullet 12, bomb body 3,14,5-12 and projectile tail 1,13:
2-6 the flash hole that has symmetry that one way valve 14 in the bomb body is formed from steel, be contained between igniting primer 5 ends and the upper connector 3, when ignition charge in the igniting primer burns, unidirectional 14 centre bores that stop up upper connector 3 have played the interior pressure of control Type B bullet igniting primer, in the centre bore of upper and lower connector starting mix is housed, other manufacturing, assembling are fully the same with A type bullet.Bomb body according to construction requirement Type B bullet is assembled by the 3-8 joint, and be threaded last bullet and projectile tail promptly are assembled into a complete Type B bullet.
A type bullet of the present invention or Type B bullet can be made the bullet of Φ 50-Φ 120 various external diameters, the igniting primer diameter is Φ 10-30, wherein with the bullet of Φ 80 external diameters, the igniting primer diameter is Φ 22 fracturing effect the bests, and the bullet of Φ 50-Φ 60 external diameters is used for oil well and crosses oil pipe and carry out pressure break.
The present invention is in order to utilize A type bullet and to boost fast and the pressure-loaded of Type B bullet pulsed can being combined into AB type bullet to A type bullet and Type B bullet.
Advantage of the present invention is as follows: 1 non-shell press-cracking bomb of the present invention has fast and boosts, surge pressure can be kept the characteristics of 500ms, in wellfracturing, can adopt cable construction, must shutoff, technology is simple, and peak-peak pressure is less than 100MPa in pressing crack construction, and sleeve pipe is not damaged, and has reliable working security.2 adopt the closed igniter, and ignition performance is safe and reliable.The whole charge constitution of 3 no housings, explosive payload can reach 10kg/m.Heat-resisting 180 ℃ of 4 powder charges can be used for the oil field deep well pressure break.
Description of drawings of the present invention is as follows:
Accompanying drawing 1 is the sectional drawing of A type bullet:
1-projectile tail, 2-detonator, 3-upper connector, 4-detonating fuse, 5-igniting primer,
6-slow burning powder, 7-ignition charge, 8-clad, 9-quick burning powder, 10-deflagration
Connector, 12-bullet under medicine, the 11-.
Accompanying drawing 2 is sectional drawings of Type B bullet:
13-igniter head; The 14-one way valve.
Embodiment: the manufacturing of 1 A type bullet of the present invention is implemented according to accompanying drawing 1: the manufacturing of 1.1 projectile tail 1-2
The bullet layer is made of a steel M36 * 2 screw threads, in centre bore is arranged, in the hole dress detonator 2.1.2 the manufacturing of the upper and lower connector 3,11 of the manufacturing 1.2.1 of bomb body 3-11
Last connection 3 is formed from steel internal thread 11 * 2, external diameter Φ 80, and long 90mm has centre bore.Following connector 11 is by steel M36 * 2 screw threads, external diameter Φ 80, and long 90mm has centre bore.1.2.2 the manufacturing of clad 8
55 parts of epoxy resins, 5 parts in curing compound, 40 parts of mixing of potassium nitrate are stirred to tremble and evenly are coated onto on the cloth, and after vulcanizing treatment, the mould heat pressure moulding promptly can be made into the flammable clad of tubular of Φ 80.1.2.3 the manufacturing of igniting primer 5
Igniting primer 5 usefulness Φ 22 steel pipe manufacturings, internal diameter Φ 18, length 95mm, two ends are M21 * 1.5 screw threads, the vertical symmetrical car in middle part is washed the system of the giving groove of wide 1-1.5mm, dark 1.5-1.8mm, long 600mm.1.2.4 the assembling of bomb body
Following connector 11 is threaded with igniting primer 5, clad 8 one ends with under add the fitting tight fit, be cast into slow burning powder 1kg earlier, be cast into quick burning powder 4kg again, then be cast into slow burning powder 1kg, at last upper connector 3 be threaded with the igniting primer other end, be connected to seal with the clad other end and promptly finish powder charge.Slow burning powder loads than 1: 2 with quick burning powder.
During assembling A type bullet detonating fuse or explosive bar are passed upper connector 3 centre bores introducing igniting primer, draw from following connector 11 centre bores, in upper connector 3 central hole that detonating fuse or explosive bar is glued fixing, from following connector 11 central hole load point gunpowder 200g, at last detonating fuse and ignition charge sealing and fixing have just been finished the assembling of bomb body.
The three joint A type bomb bodys that to make as stated above in the wellfracturing construction are threaded, detonating fuse is connected, mix bullet and projectile tail, the projectile tail centre bore is loaded onto detonator, the A type bullet that is assembled into is used for 1500 meters dark Jing715Jing and implements pressure break, the surge pressure 60MPa that records (this well rock rupture pressure 37MPa), this oil well is not oil-producing well not before the pressure break, produces crude oil 7-8 ton after the pressure break daily.In construction, adopt cable to throw in, do not do shutoff, promptly finished pressing crack construction in 1 hour.2 according to embodiment 1 manufacturing, connect with five joint bomb bodys, the A type bullet of mixing bullet and projectile tail formation gives the spy oil well and carries out pressure break in north 5,4936 meters of this well depths, 173 ℃ of downhole temperatures, down-hole static pressure 55MPa, the surge pressure of implementing the pressure break survey is 93MPa, second day down-hole liquid level goes up 400 meters after the pressure break, demonstrates good fracturing effect.The manufacturing of 3 Type B bullets of the present invention is implemented by accompanying drawing 2: with reference to connector 11 centre bores and igniting primer 5 center load point gunpowder 200g under different being of the manufacturing of implementing 1, between igniting primer 5 terminations and upper connector 3, load onto the one way valve 14 that has 4 symmetrical flash holes then, promptly finished the assembling of bomb body.Be threaded by three joint bomb bodys, mix bullet and bomb body, the projectile tail centre bore is loaded onto igniter head and is constituted the Type B bullet, be used for capital 608 wellfracturings, 1550 meters of this well depths, the surge pressure 54MPa (this well rock rupture pressure 36MPa) that measures after the enforcement pressure break not preceding this oil well of pressure break produces 0.4 ton in oil daily, and the daily output oil reaches the 8-10 ton after the pressure break.4 to implement different by embodiment 3 be bomb body is made into six joints by three joints Type B bullets.Be used for preceding 84 wellfracturings, dark 2148 meters of this oil well, the surge pressure of implementing to measure after the pressure break is 72MPa, this well is not produced 0.7 ton in oil daily before the pressure break, daily output oil 7-8 ton after the pressure break.

Claims (2)

1. a non-shell press-cracking bomb is by bullet, bomb body and projectile tail are formed, the interior dress of igniting primer (5) detonating fuse (4) that it is characterized in that the central igniter of bomb body, around it is ignition charge (7), the igniting primer outside has the 2-3 road to give the system groove, igniting primer (5) one ends are threaded with following connector (11), following connector (11) top is connected with clad (8) tight fit, dress slow burning powder (10) in the clad (8), quick burning powder (9) and slow burning powder (6), igniting primer (5) other end is connected with the upper connector lower thread, constitute a joint bomb body, bomb body is made of the 1-5 joint, and following connector (11) bottom of bomb body is threaded with the projectile tail of dress detonator (2) in housing (1) centre bore with bullet (12) and upper connector (3) top.
2. Pressure breaking bullet according to claim 1 is characterized in that detonating fuse (4) changes into ignition charge, detonator (2) changes into igniter head (13), between igniting primer (5) end and upper connector (3) one way valve (14) is housed, and bomb body is made of the 3-8 joint.
CN93108854A 1993-07-26 1993-07-26 Crushing combustion shell-free fracturing bomb Expired - Fee Related CN1038703C (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN93108854A CN1038703C (en) 1993-07-26 1993-07-26 Crushing combustion shell-free fracturing bomb

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN93108854A CN1038703C (en) 1993-07-26 1993-07-26 Crushing combustion shell-free fracturing bomb

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CN1098163A CN1098163A (en) 1995-02-01
CN1038703C true CN1038703C (en) 1998-06-10

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Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102080527A (en) * 2010-12-29 2011-06-01 西安通源石油科技股份有限公司 Method and device for detonating and fracturing scattered objects
GB201100424D0 (en) * 2011-01-11 2011-02-23 Green Break Technology Ltd Non-explosive rock breaking
CN102305058B (en) * 2011-08-15 2014-12-10 中北大学 Novel synergistic shattering perforation series charging device
CN108086966B (en) * 2017-12-26 2020-03-27 湖北航天化学技术研究所 Safe type high energy gas fracturing unit
CN108801090B (en) * 2018-06-28 2019-11-19 中国人民解放军陆军工程大学 Experimental device for underwater crushing research based on high-energy combustion agent
CN115030693B (en) * 2022-05-05 2024-05-03 北京宇箭动力科技有限公司 Multi-pulse high-energy gas fracturing bomb with built-in segmented grain
CN115306365B (en) * 2022-08-09 2023-06-20 中国石油大学(北京) A device and method capable of realizing alternating load pulse fracturing
CN115947641B (en) * 2022-12-29 2024-05-31 西安石油大油气科技有限公司 Preparation method of gunpowder propellant for deflagration fracturing of low-permeability oilfield small casing

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4823876A (en) * 1985-09-18 1989-04-25 Mohaupt Henry H Formation stimulating tool with anti-acceleration provisions

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4823876A (en) * 1985-09-18 1989-04-25 Mohaupt Henry H Formation stimulating tool with anti-acceleration provisions
US4852647A (en) * 1985-09-18 1989-08-01 Mohaupt Henry H Wire line hold down device

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