CN1038391A - Extruder pretreatment device - Google Patents

Abstract

A processing unit for an extruder comprising two side-by-side, truncated cylindrical, internally communicating chambers, one of which has a larger cross-sectional area than the other. A mixing shaft located in the smaller chamber supports a set of radially extending stirring elements, which rotate at twice the speed of the blades. The blades are installed on the second mixing shaft located in the larger chamber. When the materials entering the device are pushed Move from side to side between the two chambers. The combination of relatively fast-moving stirring elements in the small mixing chamber and relatively slow-moving blades in the large mixing chamber allows powdered materials to be properly mixed with water through sufficient agitation and sufficient residence time.

Description

Preconditioning apparatus for extruder

The invention relates to before the powder of extrusion cooking machine processing, carry out pretreated device such as soy-containing domestic animal food one class.Specifically, the invention relates to a selectable process tank of gradient, it has the cavity of two truncated cylinder shapes arranged side by side, the cross-sectional area in one of them chamber is greater than another chamber, so food bears the higher relatively stirring of speed in less chamber, and be relatively slow, thereby can stir material fully and make material that the abundant holdup time be arranged in jar by bigger chamber.

Pretreatment unit generally is used in combination with extruder, so as in extruder, further to handle with boiling before preparation and stir food material.For instance, before extruding, the higher relatively food of powder-material degree mixes with water in pretreatment unit usually and uses steam treatment.Use pretreatment unit to be particularly conducive to the product that preparation is made of the higher relatively granular material of bean powder degree, as domestic animal food.

Traditional pretreatment unit generally includes an elongated jar, and it has a pair of identical arranged side by side, the hybrid chamber that the inside of the truncated cylinder bodily form communicates, and on cross section, the area of each hybrid chamber all equates.Each hybrid chamber all has and radially is installed in a mixed pole or a stirring parts on the rotatable drive shaft, rotatable drive shaft aligns with the longitudinal axis of hybrid chamber, and when material when all arms of truncated cylinder shape slip over, the shape of stirring parts can vertically advance the arrival end of material from jar towards its port of export.When material during near the intersection between the hybrid chamber, the configuration of each hybrid chamber stirring parts also alternately makes material shift another chamber onto from a chamber.

At least a portion length along the preliminary treatment jar is installed a series of water inlets usually, when material longitudinally passes through hybrid chamber water is added wherein.Clearly, extremely important is that the water of adding the preliminary treatment jar will mix completely uniformly with granular material, to avoid caking.Caking has typically illustrated the non-homogeneous mixing of material and water, and the material that forms the agglomerate outer surface has held the moisture of high percentage.

Granular material and water even mixes and requires material and water that the suitable holdup time is arranged in the preliminary treatment jar and suitably mixed or stir.Like this, increase the rotating speed of the stirring parts of conventional pretreatment device in order to strengthen the stirring in jar, will make material pass through jar, so just correspondingly the holdup time of material in jar reduced to unacceptable value with fast speeds.On the other hand, for increase material in jar holdup time and the rotating speed that reduces stirring parts will the mixed characteristic of jar be had a negative impact.That is, material and water can not suitably mix.Owing to, do not wish to increase the total length of jar with the relevant mechanical problem of mixing axle yet.

In addition, the architectural feature of conventional pretreatment device makes its flexibility that does not possess operation, for example when hope is handled different material with a table apparatus with different flow rates.That is to say, for increase material in jar holdup time and the length that increases the device with standard section provisionally is not the scheme of a satisfaction, this is because the intrinsic weight and the architectural feature of device, and because the material inlet that limits often is positioned at an ad-hoc location with outlet in advance, so that material is delivered to the next process segment from a process segment, like this, pretreatment unit just is desirable to provide a kind of device of material by the holdup time of pretreatment unit that be used to change, so that can be handled different types of material with the flow rate that selectively changes.

By a kind for the treatment of apparatus that is used to mix with hydrated flour or similar material is provided, the present invention has avoided relevant the problems referred to above in the conventional pretreatment device, described device comprises an elongated process tank, it has the sidewall that limits an elongated Mixed Zone, and lay respectively at a material inlet and a material outlet near the described jar opposite end, a pair ofly be positioned at the elongated of described zone, laterally spaced, axial rotatable mixing axle, operably be connected the drive unit of handling the material that passes through described jar so that it axially rotates with described axle, it is characterized in that described drive unit comprises the structure that drives described axle with different rotating speeds, so that increase the holdup time of material in the part of described Mixed Zone, and improved the mixed characteristic in the another part of described Mixed Zone.

In an optimised form of the present invention, described jar has a pair of arranged side by side, the chamber that inside communicates, and wherein the radius of curvature in big chamber is about the half as much again than the radius of curvature of loculus.In addition, comprise also with the rotating speed that doubles big chamber intra vane driving device that so that be increased in the holdup time of the material in the big chamber, thereby improvement is in the mixed characteristic than the material in the loculus than stirring parts in the loculus.

In another form of the present invention, jar is selectively around an axle swing that is parallel to its longitudinal axis usually.By making big chamber, also be detained with big time ratio therein in the big chamber like this, can increase the holdup time of jar interior material and make material under the gravity effect, trend towards falling into respect to moving down than loculus.As a result, pretreatment unit of the present invention just provides bigger operating flexibility, thereby can be with a table apparatus with different flow rates and holdup time process range material widely.

Fig. 1 shows the side view of pre-processing device of the present invention or device, and it is installed in the top of another traditional extruder as shown in the figure.

Fig. 2 is the amplification plan view of pretreatment unit shown in Figure 1, and wherein the shell of this device is partly taken apart, and shows the hybrid chamber that two inside communicate, and a pair of elongated mixing axle that is provided with along corresponding hybrid chamber length respectively.

Fig. 3 is the side direction sectional drawing that pretreatment unit is got along the 3-3 line of Fig. 2, and has specifically illustrated a blade and one group of relevant three stirring parts, and for clarity sake, the blade and the agitator in downstream are not shown.

Fig. 4 is the principle and the schematic mechanism of an alternative embodiment of the invention.Show the mechanism that the pretreatment unit that makes among Fig. 1-3 tilts, to increase or to reduce the material lagging time by wherein.

The treating apparatus that is used for mixing with hydrated flour or similar material is shown in Fig. 1-4, and marks by numeral 10.Device 10 comprises an elongated process tank 12, and it is installed in the top of extruder 14, makes an outlet 16 of process tank 12 be positioned at the top of the pan feeding hopper 18 of extruder 14 just, as shown in Figure 1.A motor drives extruder 14, and the food that cooks is discharged by the mould 20 that is positioned at extruder 14 front ends usually.

Referring now to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, process tank 12 has the elongated sidewall 22 of arc that laterally is, form the first truncated cylinder bodily form hybrid chamber 24 and the second truncated cylinder bodily form hybrid chamber 26, chamber 24 and 26 is arranged side by side being interconnected, and the cross-sectional area of the second elongated hybrid chamber 26 is greater than the first elongated hybrid chamber 24.The radius of curvature of big hybrid chamber 26 is preferably the half as much again of the radius of curvature of little hybrid chamber 24.

The first elongated axle 28 that mixes is along first or the longitudinal axis centering of little hybrid chamber 24, and supports one group of mixer element or stirring parts 30, and they promptly are fixed on first along the length in chamber 24 with position spaced along first length of mixing axle 28 and mix on the axle 28.Each stirring parts 30 all comprises an elongated relatively long oblique flat part 32, is used for vertically advancing the material in the chamber 24 when axle 28 rotations.From mixing the outer most edge of each stirring parts 30 that axle 28 radially extends, because relatively short one by one flat board 34 is arranged, and be the T font, dull and stereotyped 34 laterally is fixed on each outer end of corresponding 32.

Second elongated mixing axle 36 centrally is positioned at second or big hybrid chamber 26 along the axis, and support one group of mixer element or blade 38, they are to mix axle 36 on radially extension with position spaced from second along the length of big hybrid chamber 26 along second length of mixing axle 36.Each blade 38 all comprise one bigger comparatively speaking, with respect to the second oblique dull and stereotyped mixer element 40 of the longitudinal axis that mixes axle 36, so that advance material in jars 12 along jars 12 length.

By comparison diagram 2 and Fig. 3, the stirring parts 30 that is positioned at little hybrid chamber 24 as can be seen is configured to triplets, and any stirring parts 30 in one group all mixes 120 ° at interval on axle 28 around first, and keeps at a certain distance away along the length direction of axle 28.Every group of stirring parts around axle 28 with respect to adjacent group with 180 ° of location.On the other hand, adjacent vanes 38 is installed into 90 ° of spaces around axle 36 successively, and vertically separating each other along axle 36.

One operably links so that the drive unit 42 of its rotation comprises a motor 44 and mechanical reduction gear 46, as shown in Figure 1 with axle 28,36.Drive unit 42 comprises this structure, makes that promptly first rotating speed that mixes axle 28 in the little hybrid chamber 24 is higher than the rotating speed that second in the big hybrid chamber 26 mixes axle 36.The rotating speed of first hybrid chamber 28 is the twice of the second mixing axle 36 preferably, thereby makes the motion of stirring parts 30 and the motion match of blade 38.Referring to Fig. 3, mix axle 28 rotation in the counterclockwise direction, and axle 36 are rotated in a clockwise direction opposite with it.

Refer again to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, each blade 38 is all with respect to one group of adjustment being made up of three stirring parts 30.When blade 38 as shown in Figure 3 is horizontal and along when the direction of the mixing axle 28 that is supporting stirring parts 30 is extended, in the stirring parts 30 one extends outwardly from first 28 along the direction identical with respective vanes 38, and two stirring parts relevant with same blade 38 then centrally are positioned at the both sides of blade 38 basically in addition.Make relevant blade 38 mesh with relevant stirring parts 30 repeatedly with the rotating speed rotation that doubles second 36 for first 28, as shown in Figures 2 and 3.

The perisporium 22 of jar 12 is included in the end qualification material outlet 16 of jar 12 and the structure that limits material inlet 48 in the opposite end of jar 12.And one group of water and/or steam inlet 50 length along jars 12 is at inlet 48 and export between 16, and selectively is positioned on the intersection between the chamber 24,26, as shown in Figure 3.The perisporium 22 of jar 12 is supporting the bearing 52 of supporting axis 28,36.In addition, as shown in figures 1 and 3, door 54 is along the length location in each chamber 24,26, so that enter the inside in chamber 24,26 when needs clean and overhaul.

At device 10 duration of works, food or material 48 enter jars 12 through entering the mouth, and are subjected to the effect of stirring parts 30 and blade 38 then immediately.More particularly, the oblique part 32 of stirring parts 30 and blade 38 and part 40 make material advance along the length of elongated canister 12 respectively.Yet during the lengthwise movement, when material was in the intersection position of adjacent cavities 24,26, material always laterally flowed and hands between chamber 24 and 26 positions, chamber to flowing passing through jar 12.By reference Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 as seen, blade 38 and stirring parts 30 interlaced characteristics make material 24 enter chamber 26 from the chamber, because the rotation speed relation of axle 28,36, material is got back to chamber 24 again.

Stirring parts 30 is to make the material in the little hybrid chamber 24 be subjected to higher stirring and the mixing of degree comparatively speaking near the rotating speed rotation that doubles blade 38.Yet, along with this material near the intersection between chamber 24 and 26, relevant blade 38 just is involved in a part of material in the big hybrid chamber 26, blade 38 relatively low rotating speeds have weakened the stirring of material immediately.The area that hybrid chamber 26 is relatively large before blade 38 relatively low rotating speeds make that material turns back in the little hybrid chamber 24 once more, is having the relatively long holdup time in big hybrid chamber 26.The result, little hybrid chamber 24 with suitable higher relatively speed will be through the mouth of a river 50 water that inject and the mixing of materials in the little hybrid chamber 24, and blade 38 provides enough holdup times for the material in the jar 12, thereby make that material can be with unacceptable two-forty by device 10, this two-forty makes material have insufficient time to carry out suitable mixing.

Another embodiment of the present invention schematically is shown among Fig. 4, wherein installs 10 and has a device 60 that operably is connected with jar 12, is used for making jar 12 selectively to rotate around the axle parallel with its longitudinal axis.But should be known in that the structure that Fig. 4 is shown specifically only is for illustrative purposes, also can design jar 12 other mechanisms of tilting of sening as an envoy at an easy rate.

More particularly, be used for rotating jars 12 device 60 and comprise that is fixed on a fixed support, the carriage 62 on extruder 14 tops as shown in Figure 1.Carriage 62 is hinged on the support plate 64 by means of bearing pin 66, and jars 12 are installed in the top of support plate 64, with convenient support plate 64 around bearing pin 66 when arching trajectory swing, it moves with support plate 64.Support plate 64 is supported by a nut 68 in a zone, nut 68 has held the screw thread of the adjustment screw 70 that matches with it, rotate adjustment screw 70 so selectively and just make support plate 64, thereby jar 12 is tilted around an axle that is parallel to its longitudinal axis around bearing pin 66 swings.

The device 60 of inclination jar 12 makes the operator can change the holdup time of material by device 10 at an easy rate selectively.For example, when adjustment screw 70 and position shown in Figure 4 are in full accord, the center of big hybrid chamber 26 is lower than the center of little hybrid chamber 24 slightly, material in jar 12 trends towards falling into big hybrid chamber 26 under the gravity effect, so material holdup time in big hybrid chamber 26, be longer than the holdup time that other may mode, thereby increased the total holdup time of material by jar 12.On the other hand, if adjustment screw 70 is arranged in position shown in Fig. 4 dotted line, and make jar 12 be in position shown in the corresponding dotted line, the materials of device in 10 trend towards being easy to towards first or little hybrid chamber 24 fall, because first rotating speed that mixes axle 28 is greater than second rotating speed that mixes axle 36, material with higher speed by jars 12.As can be seen, jar 12 inclinations around bearing pin 66 have not only changed material at hybrid chamber 24, holdup time in 26, and make the user can change with material be exposed under the blade 38 the time ratio by comparison material be exposed to time ratio under the relative higher stirring parts 30 of speed, can change on demand so install 10 mixed characteristic, for example when handling different types of material with device 10.

Claims (12)

1, a kind for the treatment of apparatus that is used to mix with hydrated flour or similar material, described device comprises an elongated process tank, it has the sidewall that limits an elongated Mixed Zone, and lay respectively at a material inlet and a material outlet near the described jar opposite end, a pair ofly be positioned at the elongated of described zone, laterally spaced, axial rotatable mixing axle, operably is connected so that its rotation and handle drive unit by the material of described jar with described axle, it is characterized in that described drive unit comprises the structure that drives described axle with different rotating speeds, so that increase the holdup time of material in the part of described Mixed Zone, improve the mixed characteristic in another part of described Mixed Zone simultaneously.

2, device according to claim 1 is characterized in that described drive unit comprises the structure with one of described axle of the speed drive that doubles another rotating speed.

3, device according to claim 1 and 2, it is elongated to it is characterized in that described sidewall comprises, laterally is the sidewall of arc, it constitutes a pair of elongated, arranged side by side, the chamber in the described zone of formation that inside communicates, the area of section in one of them described chamber is greater than another described chamber.

4, device according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that described device also comprises operably and described tank connected device, is used for selectively making described jar around the axle swing that is parallel to its longitudinal axis usually.

5, a kind for the treatment of apparatus that is used to mix with hydrated flour or similar material, described device comprises an elongated process tank, it has the chamber that a pair of elongated inside arranged side by side communicates and limit the structure of a material inlet and a material outlet respectively near described jar opposite end, described inlet and described outlet communicate with described chamber, a pair of elongated mixing axle has one group of mixer element fixed thereon respectively, and the length in corresponding chamber, edge is positioned at it respectively, operably with described drive unit that is connected, be used for the described axle of axial rotation to handle the material by described jar, it is characterized in that described jar of each interior chamber is by elongated, the sidewall that laterally is arc forms, its feature also is the area of section of the area of section in one of them described chamber greater than another chamber, thereby jar interior material is associated with the sufficient holdup time by abundant mixing.

6, device according to claim 5 is characterized in that each described chamber all is truncated cylinder cross section shape, and its shape of cross section has radius of curvature respectively, and the radius that chamber of comparatively large cross-sectional area is wherein arranged is the half as much again of another chamber radius.

7, device according to claim 5 is characterized in that operably and described tank connected device, is used for selectively making described jar around the axle swing that is parallel to its longitudinal axis usually.

8,, it is characterized in that described drive unit comprises the structure that drives described axle respectively with different rotating speeds according to the described device of claim 5,6 or 7.

9, device according to claim 8 is characterized in that one of them described axle is positioned at less described chamber, and is driven with the rotating speed that doubles another described axle.

10, a kind for the treatment of apparatus that is used to mix with hydrated flour or similar material, described device comprises an elongated process tank, it has the sidewall that limits an elongated Mixed Zone, a material inlet and a material outlet lay respectively near the opposite end of described jar, with a pair of elongated, laterally spaced, the mixing axle that is positioned at described zone of axial rotation, it is characterized in that described device comprises operably and described tank connected device, so that selectively make described jar around parallel with its longitudinal axis usually axle swing, thereby make the part of the described jar of interior Mixed Zone that material therefrom passes through can be swung to the position that is lower than described regional another part relatively, therefore feasible material by described Mixed Zone has different flow velocitys.

11, device according to claim 10, it is elongated to it is characterized in that described sidewall comprises, laterally is the wall of arc, they have formed a pair of elongated, and are arranged side by side, and inside communicates, form the chamber in described zone, the area of section in one of them described chamber is greater than another described chamber.

12, according to claim 10 or 11 described devices, it is characterized in that operably being connected the drive unit that makes its axial rotation with described axle, it plays the effect of handling by the material of described jar, and described drive unit comprises the device that drives described axle respectively with different rotating speeds.