CN103810479B - Fingerprint acquisition system and fingerprint information acquisition method - Google Patents
Fingerprint acquisition system and fingerprint information acquisition method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103810479B CN103810479B CN201410072586.2A CN201410072586A CN103810479B CN 103810479 B CN103810479 B CN 103810479B CN 201410072586 A CN201410072586 A CN 201410072586A CN 103810479 B CN103810479 B CN 103810479B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a fingerprint acquisition system, comprising: the fingerprint sensor comprises a fingerprint sensing unit array, an antenna metal frame and a radio frequency driving circuit, wherein the fingerprint sensing unit array comprises a plurality of sensing units, and the radio frequency driving circuit drives the antenna metal frame to emit radio frequency signals; the scanning controller is used for selecting at least one part of sensing units in the fingerprint sensing unit array as effective sensing units so as to sense the fingerprint of the finger and convert the fingerprint into an electric signal; a sensing unit driving circuit for providing timing signals required by the operation of each effective sensing unit; the image output unit is used for converting the electric signal into digital fingerprint image information and outputting the digital fingerprint image information; a mode control circuit for controlling the sensing unit driving circuit to send out different timing signals to change the working mode of the fingerprint acquisition system, the working mode at least comprising: a capacitive acquisition mode and a radio frequency acquisition mode. The method has wide application range and good acquisition and identification effects in various application occasions.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fingerprint collecting technical fields.Particularly, the present invention relates to a kind of fingerprint acquisition systems and fingerprint to believe
Cease acquisition method.
Background technique
Requirement with people to information security is higher and higher, and live biometric certification and identification are more and more
It applies in daily life.Finger print identifying, which is used as in biological characteristic authentication, has very high reliability and cost performance,
Have become the mainstream of current biological certification.At the same time, fingerprint collecting technology also high speed development, more inexpensive, more corpusculum
The fingerprint that the fingerprint sensor of product, more low-power consumption and high dynamic range will capture huge market, therefore have the above advantages
Sensor becomes the emphasis of current research, and wherein capacitive fingerprint sensing device becomes current one of main product.
With gradualling mature for fingerprint sensing technology, advanced fingerprint sensing technology be gradually applied to cell phone and other
In electronic product, and Chinese third generation ID needs to register finger print information, and fingerprint identification technology can quickly and widely
Our daily lifes are applied to, at the same time, the requirement to fingerprint sensor is higher and higher.One good fingerprint recognition body
System should not only solve in fingerprint sensor deficiency existing for software or hardware aspect, more should when applied to special occasions or
Clearly fingerprint image can be collected when special finger occurs, and can effectively refuse the deception of prosthetic finger.
Existing fingerprint sensor mostly uses greatly the fingerprint sensor of purely capacitive formula, and fingerprint residues and other pollutions remain
Comparatively it influences very greatly, to seriously affect the identification to fingerprint.As a kind of technical solution provides a kind of electricity in the prior art
Appearance formula fingerprint reading manner, wherein the insulating layer between the sensing electrode of the direct contact surface of finger to sensing array is by thickness
The inorganic compound of only several um is constituted, very poor so as to cause its hydrophobicity, anti-residual, crushing resistance and antistatic property.
In existing foreign countries' fingerprint sensor, only AUTHENTEC and FPC Liang Ge company realizes RF type fingerprint collecting, and this two
The RF type acquisition principle of company is substantially homologous, and RF type fingerprint collecting anti-fingerprint residual and other pollutions can remain well,
But in the stronger application of certain radio-frequency radiations, anti-interference ability is poor, thus application range is limited.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of fingerprint acquisition system in the prior art, sensing unit 10 includes: a sense capacitance 11,
It is formed by finger 1 with sensing electrode；One edge capacitance 12, is formed by sensing electrode and the output electrode of amplifier 13；One amplification
Device 13, an input terminal are connected between sense capacitance 11 and edge capacitance 12, an input end grounding, and output end connects edge capacitance
12 other ends；The radiofrequency signal reflected through finger 1 that the sensing unit 10 is issued by detection by radiofrequency signal 14, signal warp
It is handled after crossing capacitance integral amplifying circuit by subsequent conditioning circuit (not shown), different amplitudes is detected according to the difference of sense capacitance value
Radiofrequency signal, to realize fingerprint collecting, the system is each to amplify since each sensing unit 10 uses an amplifier 13
Process deviation between device is difficult to correct, and increases the complexity that circuit is realized, and a RF pulse signal of the system is corresponding
One pixel or multiple Pixel Informations interfere stronger place to be easier to be interfered in radio-frequency radiation.
Above-mentioned existing fingerprint sensor, either capacitive or RF type fingerprint sensor is all single-mode
Fingerprint detection mode, cannot be neatly using in different places, and special prosthetic finger model can not be refused well
Deception.If prosthetic finger model is plated layer of conductive material or semiconductive material and guarantees that plating the Fingerprint Model after material exists
The fingerprint valley depth of model is greater than 2um (specific value is determined by the sensitivity of sensor) when depressed, this is special
Prosthetic finger model be can out-trick existing fingerprint sensor detection (although this its manufacturing process of prosthetic finger model is suitable
Complexity, cost is very high, but is not excluded for malicious person and is out-tricked verifying using this special prosthetic finger model).
Therefore, those skilled in the art expectation obtain one kind can resisting remaining fingerprint or other pollutions residual, anti-electromagnetism spoke
It penetrates, and the deception of refusal prosthetic finger, the fingerprint acquisition system to improve security of system.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of fingerprint acquisition system, there is wider application range, and safety is more
It is good.
To achieve the above object, it is as follows to provide a kind of technical solution by the present invention:
A kind of fingerprint acquisition system, comprising: fingerprint sensor comprising fingerprint sensing cell array, antenna metal frame and
RF driver circuit, fingerprint sensing cell array include multiple sensing units, and RF driver circuit drives the transmitting of antenna metal frame
Radiofrequency signal；Scanning monitor, for selecting at least part sensing unit in fingerprint sensing cell array as effective feeling
Unit is surveyed, for sensing finger print and being converted to electric signal；One sensing unit driving circuit, for providing each effective sensing
Clock signal needed for cell operation；One image output unit, for converting the electrical signal to digital information in fingerprint simultaneously
Output；One mode control circuit issues different clock signals for controlling sensing unit driving circuit and changes fingerprint collecting
The operating mode of system；Wherein, operating mode includes at least: condenser type acquisition mode and RF type acquisition mode, wherein radio frequency
Formula acquisition mode are as follows: mode control circuit opens RF driver circuit, and RF driver circuit makes antenna metal frame to collected
Finger emit radiofrequency signal, finger skin corium reflected radio-frequency signal, sensing unit driving circuit export simultaneously it is a series of fill/
Clock signal discharge to effective sensing unit, so that effectively sensing unit is in a series of charge/discharge clock signals and finger corium
The conversion of finger print to electric signal is realized under the excitation of the radiofrequency signal of layer reflection；Condenser type acquisition mode are as follows: scheme control
Circuit closes RF driver circuit, and antenna metal frame is connected to ground or ESD circuit, and the output of sensing unit driving circuit is a series of
Charge/discharge clock signal to effective sensing unit so that effectively sensing unit a series of charge/discharge clock signals excitation
It is lower to realize the conversion of finger print to electric signal.
Preferably, image output unit includes an ADC array and a shift register, and fingerprint sensor detects line by line respectively to be had
Imitate the capacitance between sensing unit and finger, ADC array converts the electrical signal to digital signal line by line, shift register by
The digital signal of ADC array output is cached capablely and is exported line by line to external data interface.
Preferably, each sensing unit includes at least: a sensing electrode, at least a gain electrode, at least a reference electrode
To, switching circuit and sensing unit control circuit, an at least reference electrode is to being respectively formed as the two of an at least reference capacitance
Pole, sensing electrode become the two poles of the earth of a sense capacitance with the finger type pressed in sensing electrode, and sensing electrode increases at least one
Beneficial electrode is respectively formed as the two poles of the earth of an at least gain capacitances, and sensing unit control circuit is following a variety of by switching circuit control
The charge discharge state of capacitor: sense capacitance；An at least reference capacitance；An and at least gain capacitances.
Preferably, fingerprint sensor further includes a prosthetic finger detecting electrode, and the detection is flowed through in the detection of prosthetic finger detecting electrode
The current value of electrode, and calculate the radiofrequency signal of the radiofrequency signal sensed on the detecting electrode and the sending of antenna metal frame
Phase difference, for determining whether the object that presses on finger contact surface is prosthetic finger.
The present invention also provides a kind of finger print information acquisition methods, comprising the following steps: sensing unit driving circuit output the
One pulse signal is to effective sensing unit；First pulse signal is during pulse width to the reference capacitance of effective sensing unit
Charging makes the fixed quantity of electric charge of reference capacitance both ends accumulation one；Sensing unit driving circuit exports the second pulse signal to effectively
Sensing unit；Second pulse signal puts the sense capacitance of effective sensing unit with the radiofrequency signal that finger skin corium reflects
Electricity reduces the quantity of electric charge at its both ends；Second pulse signal drives the fractionated gain electrode of effective sensing unit to reach the first electricity
Position, while remaining gain electrode of effective sensing unit being driven to reach the second current potential；Sensing unit driving circuit exports third arteries and veins
Signal is rushed to effective sensing unit；Third pulse signal and the radiofrequency signal of finger skin corium reflection make in effective sensing unit
Equalizing charge occurs for reference capacitance, sense capacitance and gain capacitances, so that the quantity of electric charge at reference capacitance both ends is reduced；Sensing
The second pulse signal and third pulse signal that cell driving circuit exports a fixed cycles number are to effective sensing unit, radio frequency
Driving circuit output phase with fixed cycles number RF pulse signal to antenna metal frame, the second arteries and veins of the fixed cycles number
The radiofrequency signal for rushing the identical fixed cycles number that signal and third pulse signal and finger skin corium reflect makes effective feeling jointly
The voltage difference for surveying the reference capacitance both ends of unit is gradually reduced；After fixed cycles number of cycles, the electricity at reference capacitance both ends
Pressure difference is locked, which is converted into fingerprint image gray value by ADC array, which is input to shifting
In bit register, forms digital information in fingerprint and export.
Fingerprint acquisition system provided by the invention, for different applications, control circuit changes fingerprint in mode
The operating mode of acquisition system, for example including, resisting remaining fingerprint or other pollutions residual are come with RF acquisition operating mode, with
Condenser type collecting work mode resists the stronger application of electromagnetic radiation, in addition, above-mentioned fingerprint acquisition system can be refused effectively
Exhausted prosthetic finger is cheated, to improve security of system.Thus, fingerprint acquisition system and finger print information provided by the invention acquisition side
Method has wider application range, and in each application, acquires good with recognition effect.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 shows the structural schematic diagram of the sensing unit of a fingerprint sensor in the prior art；
Fig. 2 shows the fingerprint sensor chip structural schematic diagrams of one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 3 shows the sensing unit array periphery circuit diagram of above-mentioned fingerprint sensor chip；
Fig. 4 shows the structural schematic diagram of sensing unit in above-described embodiment；
Fig. 5 A shows the collected dry finger print image of condenser type acquisition mode in the prior art；
Fig. 5 B shows the collected dry finger print image of fingerprint acquisition system of the invention；
Fig. 5 C shows the collected wet finger print image of condenser type acquisition mode in the prior art；
Fig. 5 D shows the collected wet finger print image of fingerprint acquisition system of the invention.
Specific embodiment
In the following detailed description, the preferred embodiment of the present invention is described only in conjunction with attached drawing.It should be understood that without departing from
Various modifications design can be made in the case where inventive concept.
As shown in Fig. 2, one embodiment of the invention provides a kind of fingerprint acquisition system, it is formed on a chip structure, it should
It include: fingerprint sensor, mode control circuit 21, scanning monitor 22, sensing unit driving circuit 23 and image on chip
Output unit.Wherein, fingerprint sensor includes fingerprint sensing cell array 20, antenna metal frame (being not shown in Fig. 2) and radio frequency
Driving circuit 29, fingerprint sensing cell array 20 include multiple sensing units 201, and RF driver circuit 29 drives antenna metal frame
Emit radiofrequency signal；Scanning monitor 22 select at least part sensing unit 201 in fingerprint sensing cell array 20 as
Effective sensing unit, for sensing finger print and being converted to electric signal；Sensing unit driving circuit 23 provides each effective feeling
Unit 201 is surveyed to work required clock signal；Image output unit is for converting the electrical signal to digital information in fingerprint
And it exports；Mode control circuit 21 issues different clock signals for controlling sensing unit driving circuit 23 and adopts to change fingerprint
The operating mode of collecting system.
Specifically, image output unit includes an ADC array 24 and a shift register 25, and ADC array 24 includes multiple
ADC unit 241, fingerprint sensor detect the capacitance between each effective sensing unit 201 and finger line by line, ADC array 24 by
Digital signal is converted the electrical signal to capablely, and shift register 25 caches the digital signal of the output of ADC array 24 line by line, then
It is exported line by line to external data interface.
Automatic gain control circuit 26 can control input control ADC array 24 programmable reference voltage source 27 and it is each effectively
The gain of sensing unit 201 so that fingerprint acquisition system can be applied to a variety of occasions, and promotes fingerprint collecting effect.When acquisition
Sequence generate and acquisition reading data control circuit 28 respectively with mode control circuit 21, ADC array 24, automatic gain control circuit
26 and RF driver circuit connection, clock signal needed for providing them chip operation；It acquires timing and generates and acquire number
The output of shift register 25 and prosthetic finger detection circuit 291 is received, also according to read control circuit 28 to transfer to external number
According to interface.
Wherein, mode control circuit 21 (directly or through 22 transfer of scanning monitor) control sensing unit driving circuit 23 is sent out
Different clock signals changes the operating mode of fingerprint acquisition system out, and operating mode includes at least: condenser type acquisition mode
With RF type acquisition mode, RF type acquisition mode, which is included at least, has controlled the reflection of radiofrequency signal by finger skin corium
Sensing unit 201 is imitated, finger print is converted into electric signal；Sensing unit driving circuit 23 exports in condenser type acquisition mode
A series of charge/discharge clock signals motivate effective sensing unit 2-1, and finger print is converted to electric signal.
Specifically, under RF type acquisition mode: mode control circuit 21 opens RF driver circuit 29, RF driver circuit
29 make antenna metal frame emit radiofrequency signal to finger to be collected, and finger skin corium reflects the radiofrequency signal, and sensing unit is driven
Dynamic circuit 23 exports a series of charge/discharge clock signal to effective sensing unit 201, so that each effective sensing unit simultaneously
201 in a series of charge/discharge clock signals of the output of sensing unit driving circuit 23 and the radiofrequency signal of finger skin corium reflection
Excitation under realize finger print to electric signal conversion.
Under condenser type acquisition mode, mode control circuit 21 closes RF driver circuit 29, and antenna metal frame is connected to
Ground or ESD circuit, sensing unit driving circuit 23 export a series of charge/discharge clock signal to effective sensing unit 201, have
Effect sensing unit 201 realizes the conversion of finger print to electric signal under the excitation of this series of charge/discharge clock signal.
Further, according to above-described embodiment, a kind of hybrid acquisition mode can also be provided, in hybrid acquisition mode
Under, mode control circuit 21 issues first control signal, control sensing unit driving electricity to sensing unit driving circuit 23 first
Road 23 issues the first clock signal so that fingerprint acquisition system works under RF type acquisition mode, and fingerprint sensor judges whether
There is finger to contact fingerprint sensor, if so, mode control circuit 21 issues the second control letter to sensing unit driving circuit 23
Number, control sensing unit driving circuit 23 issues the second clock signal so that fingerprint acquisition system works in condenser type acquisition mode
Under, at this moment, fingerprint acquisition system detects finger print according to the variation of capacitor between sensing unit 201 and finger.
As shown in figure 3, according to a kind of specific embodiment of above-described embodiment, prosthetic finger detection circuit shown in Figure 2
291, it can be connect with prosthetic finger detecting electrode 321, prosthetic finger detecting electrode 321 detects the current value for flowing through the detecting electrode 321,
And calculate the phase of the radiofrequency signal 33 of the radiofrequency signal sensed on the detecting electrode 321 and the sending of antenna metal frame 32
Difference, for determining that the object pressed on finger contact surface 31 is the finger 30 of prosthetic finger or fingerprint to be collected.Wherein, one is blunt
Change insulating layer to be directly covered on fingerprint sensing cell array 20 shown in Figure 2, one is also covered on passivation insulation
Polyester complexes insulating layer is formed as finger contact surface 31, also sets between antenna metal frame 32 and prosthetic finger detecting electrode 321
There is megohmite insulant 322.
It can effectively prevent imitating with the prosthetic finger detection mode that this prosthetic finger detection circuit 291 is realized with detecting electrode 321
The deception of higher prosthetic finger is really spent, to improve the security performance of system.
As shown in figure 4, each sensing unit 201 includes: by integrating in fingerprint sensing cell array 20 in above-described embodiment
The top-level metallic of circuit technology is formed by sensing electrode 401, by one layer of metal of other levels of integrated circuit technology or more
Layer metal is formed by multiple gain electrodes 41, a reference electrode to, multiple switch circuit 421,422,423,424 and sensing
Unit control circuit 45 and RF driver circuit.Wherein, reference electrode to and electrode intermediate insulating layer is formed as with reference to electricity
Hold 43；Sense capacitance insulating layer is equipped with above sensing electrode 401, it includes blunt on the top-level metallic of integrated circuit technology
Change insulating layer and polyester complexes insulating layer, sensing electrode 401 with press finger thereon and sense capacitance insulating layer is formed
For sense capacitance 40；Gain electrode 41 be it is multiple, a part of gain electrode is connect with a fixed current potential, remaining gain electrode is distinguished
The sensing unit control circuit 45 of each sensing unit 201 is connected, the partial switch in switching circuit 421,422,423,424 is being penetrated
Controllable state is under frequency acquisition mode, it is in an off state under capacitor acquisition mode.RF driver circuit controls radio frequency letter
Numbers 33 transmitting.
Further, gain electrode 41 is five, respectively the first, second, third, fourth and fifth gain electrode, the
One, second, third, the 4th and the 5th gain electrode be formed as first, second, third, fourth and fifth with sensing electrode respectively
Two electrodes of gain capacitances, wherein 441 anode of the first gain electrode and a DC voltage source connect, the second gain electrode and this
The connection of 441 cathode of DC voltage source, the gain electrode of third, the 4th and the 5th are connect with sensing unit control circuit 45 respectively.It opens
Powered-down road 422,424 is also connect with DC voltage source 442,443 respectively.To which sensing unit control circuit 45 passes through switch electricity
Road 421,422,423,424 controls the charge/discharge of each sense capacitance, each reference capacitance and each gain capacitances.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the operating mode of fingerprint acquisition system includes at least: condenser type acquisition mode and penetrating
Frequency formula acquisition mode.
In RF type acquisition mode, the conversion of finger print to electric signal is specifically included: sensing unit driving circuit 23
The first pulse signal is exported to effective sensing unit 201, first pulse signal is during pulse width to effective sensing unit
201 reference capacitance 43 charges, and makes the fixed quantity of electric charge of 43 both ends of reference capacitance accumulation one, later sensing unit driving circuit 23
The second pulse signal is exported to effective sensing unit 201, second pulse signal and finger (skin corium) reflected radio frequency
Signal reduces the quantity of electric charge at 40 both ends of sense capacitance of effective sensing unit 201, the second pulse signal drive part gain
The 41 to the first current potential of electrode, while remaining 41 to the second current potential of gain electrode is driven, sensing unit driving circuit 23 exports later
Third pulse signal is to effective sensing unit 201, the third pulse signal and the reflected radiofrequency signal of finger at the same time
Reference capacitance 43, sense capacitance 40 and gain capacitances in effective sensing unit 201 are made to carry out equalizing charge, so that reference capacitance
The quantity of electric charge at 43 both ends is reduced, and sensing unit driving circuit 23 exports the second pulse signal and the of a fixed cycles number later
To effective sensing unit 201, RF driver circuit output phase arrives three pulse signals with the RF pulse signal of fixed cycles number
Antenna metal frame, the second pulse signal and third pulse signal of the fixed cycles number reflect identical solid with finger skin corium
The radiofrequency signal for determining cycle-index reduces the voltage difference at 43 both ends of reference capacitance of effective sensing unit 201 gradually, follows
The voltage difference at 43 both ends of reference capacitance is locked after ring, and the voltage differential signal is converted into referring to by ADC array 24 at the same time
Print image gray value, the fingerprint image gray value are input to shift register 25, complete effective sensing unit 201 to finger print
To the conversion of electric signal.
Wherein, above-mentioned fixed cycles number is a fuzzy amount, in practical applications not according to the digit of ADC array
Together, this fixed cycles number is just different, and usually it can be 2 n times side, and wherein n is the positive integer more than or equal to 4.
For example, in practical applications ADC be 8 when, this fixed cycles number be equal to 256, ADC be 9 when, this
Fixed cycles number is equal to 512.
In condenser type acquisition mode, the conversion of finger print to electric signal is specifically included: sensing unit driving circuit 23
The first pulse signal is exported to effective sensing unit 201, first pulse signal is during pulse width to effective sensing unit
201 reference capacitance 43 charges, and makes the fixed quantity of electric charge of 43 both ends of reference capacitance accumulation one, later sensing unit driving circuit 23
The second pulse signal is exported to effective sensing unit 201, which makes the sense capacitance 40 of effective sensing unit 201
The quantity of electric charge at both ends is reduced, which arrives a certain current potential, while driving remaining gain
The 41 to the second current potential of electrode, sensing unit driving circuit 23 exports third pulse signal to effective sensing unit 201, with this later
The third pulse signal makes reference capacitance 43, sense capacitance 40 and gain capacitances in effective sensing unit 201 carry out electricity simultaneously
Lotus is balanced, so that the quantity of electric charge at 43 both ends of reference capacitance is reduced, sensing unit driving circuit 23 exports fixed cycles number later
The second pulse signal and third pulse signal to effective sensing unit 201, make 43 liang of reference capacitance of effective sensing unit 201
The voltage difference at end gradually reduces, and the voltage difference at 43 both ends of reference capacitance is locked after circulation terminates, and ADC array 24 will at the same time
The voltage differential signal is converted into fingerprint image gray value, which is input to shift register 25, completes effective
Conversion of the sensing unit 201 to finger print to electric signal.
Fingerprint acquisition system provided by the above embodiment, for different applications, control circuit changes in mode
The operating mode of fingerprint acquisition system comes resisting remaining fingerprint or other pollutions residual with RF acquisition operating mode, with capacitor
Formula collecting work mode resists the stronger application of electromagnetic radiation, to have wider application range, and in each application
In occasion, acquire good with recognition effect.
Collected dry finger print image under condenser type acquisition mode is shown respectively in Fig. 5 A, Fig. 5 B, and with of the invention
The collected dry finger print image of fingerprint acquisition system；Fig. 5 C, Fig. 5 D are shown respectively collected under condenser type acquisition mode
Wet finger print image, and with the collected wet finger print image of fingerprint acquisition system of the invention.
Another embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of finger print information acquisition methods, can be real based on above fingerprint acquisition system
Existing, which includes the following steps:
A), operating mode configuration step, for being fingerprint acquisition system configuration work mode；
B), the fingerprint sensor that finger is contacted with fingerprint acquisition system is detected the presence of；
C), if so, detecting the variation of capacitor between each effective sensing unit and finger and exporting as electric signal；
D), digital signal is converted electrical signals to；
E), data signal groups are become into digital fingerprint image and exported；
Wherein, operating mode includes at least condenser type acquisition mode and RF type acquisition mode, their definition, working machine
It manages identical with previous embodiment.
Further, operating mode further includes hybrid acquisition mode, in this mode, in this mode, first to sense
It surveys cell driving circuit and issues first control signal, control sensing unit driving circuit issues the first clock signal so that above-mentioned finger
Line acquisition system works under RF type acquisition mode, and fingerprint sensor judges whether there is finger contact, if so, single to sensing
First driving circuit issues second control signal, and control sensing unit driving circuit issues the second clock signal so that above-mentioned fingerprint is adopted
Collecting system works under condenser type acquisition mode, and fingerprint acquisition system is examined according to the variation of capacitor between sensing unit and finger
Survey finger print.
Further, step c) is specifically included: detecting each effective sensing unit and hand from top to bottom or from top to bottom line by line
The variation of capacitor between finger, and the capacitor that will test is converted to analog electrical signal；Step d) is specifically included: line by line by telecommunications
Number it is converted into digital signal；Step e) is specifically included: digital signal is cached line by line, after forming the complete fingerprint image of a width
Output.
Further embodiment of this invention provides a kind of finger print information acquisition method, equally real based on above fingerprint acquisition system
It is existing, specifically comprising following steps:
Sensing unit driving circuit exports the first pulse signal to effective sensing unit；
First pulse signal charges to the reference capacitance of effective sensing unit during pulse width, makes reference capacitance two
The fixed quantity of electric charge of end accumulation one；
Sensing unit driving circuit exports the second pulse signal to effective sensing unit；
Second pulse signal puts the sense capacitance of effective sensing unit with the radiofrequency signal that finger skin corium reflects
Electricity reduces the quantity of electric charge at its both ends；
The gain electrode of second pulse signal drive part sensing unit reaches the first current potential, and drives remaining sensing
The gain electrode of unit reaches the second current potential；
Sensing unit driving circuit exports third pulse signal to effective sensing unit；
Third pulse signal and the radiofrequency signal of finger skin corium reflection make reference capacitance, sensing in effective sensing unit
Equalizing charge occurs for capacitor and gain capacitances, so that the quantity of electric charge at reference capacitance both ends is reduced；It that is to say that voltage difference is reduced；
The second pulse signal and third pulse signal that sensing unit driving circuit exports a fixed cycles number are to effectively
Sensing unit, RF driver circuit output phase with fixed cycles number RF pulse signal to antenna metal frame, which follows
The radio frequency for the identical fixed cycles number that the second pulse signal and third pulse signal of ring number are reflected with finger skin corium is believed
Number jointly it is gradually reduced the voltage difference at the reference capacitance both ends of effective sensing unit；
After fixed cycles number of cycles, the voltage difference at reference capacitance both ends is locked, and ADC array believes the voltage difference
Number it is converted into fingerprint image gray value, which is input in shift register, forms digital fingerprint image
Information simultaneously exports.
Further, the n times side that wherein fixed cycles number is 2, wherein n is the positive integer more than or equal to 4.
Above-mentioned fingerprint collecting method has wider application range, and in each application, acquires good with recognition effect
It is good.
Although showing preferred embodiment in the present invention, those skilled in the art are it is understood that base
In thought of the invention, various interchangeable and/or equivalent deformation design can be made, without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of fingerprint acquisition system, comprising:
Fingerprint sensor comprising fingerprint sensing cell array, antenna metal frame and RF driver circuit, the fingerprint sensing list
Element array includes multiple sensing units, and the RF driver circuit drives the antenna metal frame to emit radiofrequency signal, the sense
Survey unit to include at least: a sensing electrode, at least a gain electrode, an at least reference electrode are single to, switching circuit and sensing
First control circuit, an at least reference electrode to the two poles of the earth for being respectively formed as an at least reference capacitance, the sensing electrode with
The finger type pressed in the sensing electrode becomes the two poles of the earth of a sense capacitance, the sensing electrode and an at least gain electrode
It is respectively formed as the two poles of the earth of an at least gain capacitances；
Scanning monitor, for selecting at least part sensing unit in the fingerprint sensing cell array as effective sensing
Unit, for sensing finger print and being converted to electric signal；
One sensing unit driving circuit, for clock signal needed for providing each effective sensing cell operation；
One image output unit, for the electric signal to be converted into digital information in fingerprint and is exported, described image is defeated
Unit includes an ADC array and a shift register out；
One mode control circuit issues different clock signals for controlling the sensing unit driving circuit and changes the finger
The operating mode of line acquisition system；
Wherein, the operating mode includes at least: condenser type acquisition mode and RF type acquisition mode, wherein
The RF type acquisition mode are as follows:
The mode control circuit opens the RF driver circuit, the RF driver circuit make the antenna metal frame to
Collected finger emits radiofrequency signal, and finger skin corium reflects the radiofrequency signal, and the sensing unit driving circuit is simultaneously
A series of charge/discharge clock signal is exported to effective sensing unit, so that effective sensing unit is in a system
Realize the finger print to telecommunications under the excitation of column charge/discharge clock signal and the radiofrequency signal of finger skin corium reflection
Number conversion；Wherein, the RF type acquisition mode specifically includes: the sensing unit driving circuit exports the first pulse signal
To effective sensing unit, which fills the reference capacitance of effective sensing unit during pulse width
Electricity makes the fixed quantity of electric charge of the reference capacitance both ends accumulation one, and the sensing unit driving circuit exports the second pulse later
To effective sensing unit, the radiofrequency signal that second pulse signal is reflected with the finger skin corium makes described to have signal
The quantity of electric charge for imitating the sense capacitance both ends of sensing unit is reduced, and second pulse signal drives the portion of effective sensing unit
Divide gain electrode to the first current potential, while driving remaining gain electrode of effective sensing unit to the second current potential, Zhi Housuo
It states sensing unit driving circuit and exports third pulse signal to effective sensing unit, the third pulse signal and the hand
Refer to that the radiofrequency signal of skin corium reflection makes reference capacitance, sense capacitance and gain capacitances in effective sensing unit carry out electricity
Lotus is balanced, so that the quantity of electric charge at the reference capacitance both ends is reduced, then the sensing unit driving circuit output one is fixed
Second pulse signal and the third pulse signal of cycle-index are to effective sensing unit, the radio-frequency driven electricity
Road output phase with the fixed cycles number RF pulse signal to the antenna metal frame, the second of the fixed cycles number
The radiofrequency signal for the identical fixed cycles number that pulse signal and third pulse signal are reflected with the finger skin corium is total
Reduce the voltage difference at the reference capacitance both ends of effective sensing unit gradually together, after circulation terminates the reference capacitance both ends
Voltage difference it is locked, the voltage differential signal is converted into fingerprint image gray value by the ADC array at the same time, the fingerprint image
As gray value is input in the shift register, forms the digital information in fingerprint and simultaneously export；
The condenser type acquisition mode are as follows:
The mode control circuit closes the RF driver circuit, and the antenna metal frame is connected to ground or ESD circuit, institute
It states sensing unit driving circuit and exports a series of charge/discharge clock signal to effective sensing unit, so that described effective
Sensing unit realizes the conversion of the finger print to electric signal under a series of excitation of charge/discharge clock signals.
2. fingerprint acquisition system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the fingerprint sensor detects each described line by line
The electric signal is converted into digital letter line by line by the capacitance between effective sensing unit and the finger, the ADC array
Number, the shift register caches the digital signal of the ADC array output line by line and is exported line by line to external data
Interface.
3. fingerprint acquisition system according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the sensing unit control circuit passes through described
Switching circuit controls the charge discharge state of following a variety of capacitors:
The sense capacitance；
At least one reference capacitance；And
At least one gain capacitances.
4. fingerprint acquisition system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the fingerprint sensor further include:
One passivation insulation is directly covered on the fingerprint sensing cell array；
One polyester complexes insulating layer, is covered on the passivation insulation, is formed as the contact surface of the finger, and the polyester is multiple
The thickness for closing object insulating layer reaches hundreds of microns so that the fingerprint sensor is not influenced by ESD；
Wherein, the passivation insulation, polyester complexes insulating layer are formed as the insulant between the sensing electrode and finger
Matter, and become the sense capacitance with the sensing electrode and finger type.
5. fingerprint acquisition system according to any one of claim 1 to 4, which is characterized in that the fingerprint sensor is also
Including a prosthetic finger detecting electrode, the current value of the detecting electrode is flowed through in the prosthetic finger detecting electrode detection, and calculates
The phase difference for the radiofrequency signal that the radiofrequency signal sensed on the detecting electrode and the antenna metal frame issue, is pressed for determination
Whether the object being pressed on finger contact surface is prosthetic finger.
6. a kind of finger print information acquisition method, comprising the following steps:
Sensing unit driving circuit exports the first pulse signal to effective sensing unit；
First pulse signal charges to the reference capacitance of effective sensing unit during pulse width, makes described with reference to electricity
Hold the fixed quantity of electric charge of both ends accumulation one；
The sensing unit driving circuit exports the second pulse signal to effective sensing unit；
Second pulse signal and the radiofrequency signal of finger skin corium reflection to the sense capacitance of effective sensing unit into
Row electric discharge, reduces the quantity of electric charge at its both ends；
Second pulse signal drives the fractionated gain electrode of effective sensing unit to reach the first current potential, while driving institute
Remaining the gain electrode for stating effective sensing unit reaches the second current potential；The sensing unit driving circuit exports third pulse signal
To effective sensing unit；
The third pulse signal and the radiofrequency signal of finger skin corium reflection make the reference in effective sensing unit
Equalizing charge occurs for capacitor, sense capacitance and gain capacitances, so that the quantity of electric charge at the reference capacitance both ends is reduced；
The sensing unit driving circuit exports second pulse signal and third pulse letter of a fixed cycles number
Number arrive effective sensing unit, RF driver circuit output phase with fixed cycles number RF pulse signal to antenna metal
Frame, the phase that second pulse signal and the third pulse signal of the fixed cycles number are reflected with the finger skin corium
Radiofrequency signal with fixed cycles number is jointly gradually reduced the voltage difference at reference capacitance both ends of effective sensing unit；
After the fixed cycles number of cycles, the voltage difference at the reference capacitance both ends is locked, and ADC array is by the voltage
Difference signal is converted into fingerprint image gray value, which is input in shift register, forms digital fingerprint
Image information simultaneously exports.
7. acquisition method as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that the fixed cycles number is 2 n times side, and wherein n is
Positive integer more than or equal to 4.
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