CN103814673A - Beet root and tassel cutting harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a harvester for beet root cutting and tassel cutting, which includes a tractor, a clamping and conveying mechanism, an excavating shovel, a reciprocating soil clapping mechanism, a root cutting knife, a tassel cutting blade, a conveyor and a feed bin, and the feed bin is arranged on the chassis of the tractor Above, the clamping and conveying mechanism is fixedly connected with the frame. The clamping and conveying mechanism is composed of a belt, a tension wheel and a supporting belt pressing device. The excavating shovel is fixed on the frame, and the reciprocating soil clapping mechanism is composed of a crank slider mechanism. , the soil adhering to the beet root is shaken off by reciprocating motion, the rotary cutter rotates in the horizontal direction, the beet fixing clip fixes the beet to prevent the beet from swinging in the horizontal direction when cutting, and the root cutting rotary cutter first cuts the beet root Cut off, and then the cutting knife cuts off the beet husks, the beet tubers go through the conveyor and finally enter the silo, the beet husks continue to move on the clamping and conveying mechanism, and the beet husks fall into the collection box, so the harvesting efficiency is high.

Description

A sugar beet cutting root cutting harvester

technical field

The invention provides a sugar beet root-cutting and tassel-cutting harvester, which belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery.

Background technique

China is one of the four major sugar crop bases in the world, with a planting area of about 130,000 to 170,000 h m ² , of which the planting area in Xinjiang accounts for 1/2, and the unit yield of sugar beets has reached 54 to 57 t/h m ² , reaching the output level of developed countries .

However, the level of mechanized harvesting of sugar beet is still at a relatively low level. Due to the strong season of sugar beet harvesting, high labor intensity, rising labor costs, and reduced benefits of sugar beet planting, this restricts the further development of the sugar beet industry. Realizing mechanical harvesting reduces production costs and increases farmers' income. , to improve the enthusiasm for planting.

At present, the sugar beet harvester is mainly imported large-scale machinery, which is expensive, exceeds the purchasing power of farmers, and has a complicated structure, which does not meet the requirements of domestic varieties. Develop a sugar beet combine harvester suitable for my country's national conditions to meet production requirements and improve sugar beet mechanization. , It is of great significance to increase farmers' income.

Sugar beet harvesting in production is mainly done manually, using a hoe to plan, manually picking up and shaking the soil, and manually cutting roots and tassels. The labor intensity is high and the efficiency is low.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method that can overcome the defects existing in the above-mentioned beet harvesting, realize the mechanization of the whole process of beet planting, realize the mechanization of the whole process of mechanical sowing, mechanical excavation, mechanical slapping of soil, root cutting, and tassel cutting. Strong, reduce the cost of manual harvesting, reduce labor intensity, and increase farmers' income.

Working principle: The eccentric setting of the connecting rod on the driving wheel is to use the crank slider mechanism to realize the reciprocating motion of the soil plate to remove the soil attached to the beet root.

Its technical scheme is.

It includes a tractor, a clamping and conveying mechanism, an excavating shovel, a reciprocating soil clapping mechanism, a tassel cutting knife, a root cutting knife, a conveyor and a silo. The ends are fixedly connected, and the excavating shovel, the reciprocating soil-beating mechanism, the root cutter, the tassel-cutting cutter and the conveyor are fixed on the frame in turn. The soil on the beet root shakes off, the root cutting rotary cutter first cuts off the beet root, and then the beet cutting knife rotates in the horizontal direction to cut off the beet husk, the beet root goes through the belt conveyor and finally enters the silo, the beet husk is clamped The movement continues on the conveying mechanism, and the beet sprouts fall into the collection box.

The described harvester for beet root cutting and tassel cutting, the clamping and conveying mechanism is composed of a bracket, a belt, a tensioning wheel and a supporting belt pressing device, the tensioning wheel is located at both ends of the bracket, and the belt is wound around the outer surface of the tensioning wheel. On the circular surface, driven by the power, the tensioning wheel rotates and the belt follows, and the supporting belt pressing device is fixed on the bracket, which is composed of pressing wheel, spring, supporting belt plate and supporting rod. The clamping and conveying mechanism is on the machine. The height and position of the stand can be adjusted, and the included angle with the horizontal plane is set at 10-20 degrees.

In the described harvester for beet root cutting and tassel cutting, the reciprocating soil-beating mechanism is composed of an eccentric drive wheel, an adjusting connecting rod, a longitudinal connecting rod, a lifting connecting rod and a soil-beating board.

The above-mentioned large beet root cutting and tassel cutting harvester, the root cutting knife and the tassel cutting knife are toothed blades, the root of the beet is located in the fixed clip and slides in the fixed clip, and the root and tassel of the beet are in the fixed clip. outside.

In the large beet root-cut and tassel-cut harvester, the grain divider is in the shape of a wedge-shaped bell mouth.

The large beet root-cut and tassel-cut harvester has a dovetail-shaped fixing clip.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages.

1. The sugar beet cutting root and tassel harvester has a simple structure and perfect functions. It can complete all manual operations at one time, that is, digging, clamping, shaking soil, cutting roots, cutting tassels, collecting and other joint operations.

2. According to the clamping position of the harvested crops, the high position of the clamping and conveying mechanism on the frame can be adjusted, and the angle between the clamping and conveying mechanism and the horizontal plane is 10-20 degrees, so that the front of the clamping and conveying mechanism is low and the rear is high, which is convenient for shooting Soil, cut root, cut tassel.

3. The root of the beet enters the fixed clip to prevent the root from swinging during root cutting and tassel cutting. The root and tassel of the beet are outside the fixed clip. With the movement of the beet root, the tassel-cutting rotary cutter cuts off the beet tassel on the outer surface of the fixed clip, and the root after cutting the tassel falls.

4. The grain divider will be shaped like a bell mouth and wedge-shaped structure. The grain divider will lift the lodging ones from the ground, straighten the inclined leaves, separate the crossed ones, and finally gather them together.

5. The sugar beet cutting root cutting harvester is matched with mechanized sowing, and must be planted in ridges in order to ensure harvesting efficiency and quality.

6. The belt moves in the slideway of the supporting belt pressing device to prevent the belt from sagging .

7. The shape of the fixing clip is a dovetail groove, and the beet root moves in the dovetail groove to prevent it from swinging in the horizontal direction when cutting roots and tassels.

Description of drawings.

Fig. 1 is a front view structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the clamping and conveying mechanism of the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the reciprocating soil-beating mechanism of the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a beet cutter and a fixing clip according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a sugar beet crop divider according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. Tractor 2. Clamping and conveying mechanism 3. Excavating shovel 4. Reciprocating soil clapping mechanism 5. Tassel cutting knife 6. Conveyor 7. Material bin 8. Frame 9. Tensioner pulley 10. Belt 11 , supporting belt pressing device 12, bracket 13, spring 14, pressing wheel 15, support rod 16, supporting belt plate 17, eccentric driving wheel 18, adjusting connecting rod 19, longitudinal connecting rod 20, lifting connecting rod 21, patting soil Plate 22, root cutting cutter 23, fixed clip 24, grain divider.

Detailed ways.

In the embodiments shown in 1 to 5, according to the variety of harvested sugar beets, the height of the clamping and conveying mechanism 2 on the frame 8 is adjusted, and the angle between the clamping and conveying mechanism 2 and the horizontal plane is 20 degrees. According to the row spacing of planting, adjust The sugar beet harvesting mechanism is at the distance between the frame 8 beams, and the sugar beet root cutting and tassel cutting harvester includes a tractor 1, a clamping and conveying mechanism 2, an excavating shovel 3, a reciprocating soil-beating mechanism 4, a tassel cutting knife 5, a root cutting knife 22, Conveyor 6 and silo 7, the two ends of clamping conveying mechanism 2 are fixedly connected with the two ends of frame 8, the direction of clamping and conveying mechanism 2 clamping crops is opposite to the forward direction of the machine, adjust clamping conveying mechanism 2 on frame 8 The height above, that is, the clamping part, the grain divider 24 will be shaped like a bell mouth, wedge-shaped structure, the grain divider 24 will lift the lodging from the ground, straighten the inclined blades, separate the crossed ones, and finally gather them together ; The clamping conveying mechanism 2 is made up of a support 12, a belt 10, a tensioning wheel 9 and a belt pressing device 11, the tensioning wheel 9 is located at both ends of the support 12, and the belt 10 is wound on the outer surface of the tensioning wheel 9 , under the drive of power, the tensioning wheel 9 rotates the belt 10 to follow up, and the supporting belt pressing device 11 is fixed on the support 12, and is made up of pressing wheel 14, spring 13, supporting belt plate 16 and support bar 15, and The included angle of the horizontal plane is 20 degrees, which is at a certain inclination angle to the ground. The excavating shovel 3, the reciprocating soil-beating mechanism 4, the rotary cutter 5 and the conveyor 6 are sequentially fixed on the frame 8. During field work, the clamping conveying mechanism 2 clips The moving direction of the holding crop is opposite to the forward direction of the machine. One tensioning wheel 9 rotates counterclockwise and the other tensioning wheel 9 rotates clockwise. The middle beet is shoveled out, and the beet moves backward with the clamping and conveying mechanism 2. The reciprocating soil-beating mechanism 4 is composed of a crank slider mechanism, and the soil adhering to the beets will be shaken off by reciprocating motion and beating. The reciprocating soil-beating mechanism 4 It is composed of eccentric drive wheel 17, adjusting connecting rod 18, longitudinal connecting rod 19, lifting connecting rod 20 and clapping soil plate 21. Root cutting knife 22 and tassel cutting rotary knife 5 are toothed blades. Inside, the fixed clip 23 is in the shape of a dovetail groove, the beet root moves in the dovetail groove, and the beet root enters the fixed clip 23 to prevent the beet root from swinging during root cutting and tassel cutting. Outside the fixed clip, the root cutter 22 cuts off the root of the beet at one end of the fixed clip 23, and along with the root movement of the beet, the outer surface of the tassel cutting rotary cutter 5 cuts the beet at the other end of the fixed clip 23. The beet tassels are cut off, the roots are cut, and the roots after cutting the tassels fall, and the opening of the fixed clip 23 where the tassels are cut becomes larger, falls into the conveyor 6, and finally enters the silo 7, and the beet tassels continue to move on the clamping and conveying mechanism 2, reaching Hold the end of the conveying mechanism 2 and drop it into the collection box.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention to other forms. Any skilled person who is familiar with this profession may use the technical content disclosed above to change or modify the equivalent of equivalent changes. Embodiments, as long as they do not depart from the content of the technical solution of the present invention, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention still belong to the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A sugar beet root-cutting harvester, including a tractor (1), a clamping and conveying mechanism (2), an excavating shovel (3), a reciprocating soil-beating mechanism (4), a cutting knife for cutting husks (5), and a root-cutting mechanism. The cutter (22), the conveyor (6) and the feed bin (7), are characterized in that: the feed bin (7) is arranged on the chassis of the tractor (1), clamps both ends of the conveying mechanism (2) and the frame (8 ) are fixedly connected at both ends, and the excavating shovel (3), the reciprocating soil-beating mechanism (4), the root cutting knife (22), the tassel cutting knife (5) and the conveyor (6) are sequentially fixed on the frame (8) , the reciprocating soil-beating mechanism (4) is composed of a crank slider mechanism, which shakes off the soil adhering to the beet root through reciprocating motion, and the root-cutting knife (22) first cuts the beet root, and then cuts the beet. The knife (5) rotates in the horizontal direction to cut off the beet husks, and the beet tubers enter the bin (7) through the belt conveyor (6) at last, the beet husks continue to move on the clamping conveying mechanism, and the beet husks fall into the collection box. 2. A harvester for beet root cutting and tassel cutting according to claim 1, characterized in that: the clamping and conveying mechanism (2) is composed of a bracket (12), a belt (10), a tension wheel (9) and a support It consists of a tensioning device (11). The tensioning wheel (9) is located at both ends of the bracket (12). The belt (10) is wound on the outer surface of the tensioning wheel (9). Driven by power, the tensioning wheel (9) Rotate the belt (10) to follow up, and the supporting belt pressing device (11) is fixed on the bracket (12), which is composed of the pressing wheel (14), spring (13), supporting belt plate (16) and supporting rod (15) is formed, and the clamping conveying mechanism (2) is adjustable in the height position of the frame (8), and the included angle with the horizontal plane is 10-20 degrees. 3. A sugar beet root-cutting harvester as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the reciprocating soil-beating mechanism (4) consists of an eccentric drive wheel (17), an adjustment connecting rod (18), a longitudinal connecting rod (19 ), lifting connecting rod (20) and clapping soil plate (21) to form. 4. The large beet root-cutting and stalk-cutting harvester as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the root-cutting knife (22) and the stalk-cutting knife (5) are toothed blades, and the beet root is located in the fixed clip (23), slide in the fixed clip (23), and the root and tassel of beet are outside the fixed clip (23). 5. The large sugar beet harvester for cutting roots and stalks according to claim 1, characterized in that: the crop divider (24) is wedge-shaped and trumpet-shaped. 6. The large beet root-cutting and tassel-cutting harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fixing clip (23) is in the shape of a dovetail groove.

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