CN103648145A - Method for prolonging life cycle of wireless sensor network - Google Patents
Method for prolonging life cycle of wireless sensor network Download PDFInfo
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- CN103648145A CN103648145A CN201310647426.1A CN201310647426A CN103648145A CN 103648145 A CN103648145 A CN 103648145A CN 201310647426 A CN201310647426 A CN 201310647426A CN 103648145 A CN103648145 A CN 103648145A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of wireless communication and sensor, information acquisition and processing, network and internet-of-things technologies and particularly relates to a method for prolonging the life cycle of a wireless sensor network. The method is based on a hierarchy protocol of a wireless-sensor-network clustering structure: LEACH (Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy) and in the method multi-hop routing and MIMO technologies are embedded into the LEACH protocol for cross-hierarchy design so that the life cycle of the wireless sensor network is prolonged significantly. Through a selection algorithm which selects a cluster head, a forming algorithm of a cluster and an improvement protocol LEACH-C based on central control, a multi-hop routing protocol: MultihopLEACH based on a clustering structure is designed. In the protocol, a most close adjacent cluster is used as a next hop of routing and an MTE routing algorithm is adopted and a collision avoidance mechanism is introduced; and the central control idea is adopted and routing selection is performed by a substation based on route consumption. Thus the multi-hop routing and MIMO technologies are embedded into the LEACH protocol for the cross-hierarchy design and thus the life cycle of the wireless sensor network is prolonged significantly.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to radio communication, sensor technology, information gathering and treatment technology, network technology, technology of Internet of things field, relate in particular to a kind of method of prolonging wireless sensor network life cycle.
Background technology
Node in wireless sensor network mainly comprises sensor assembly, central microprocessor module and radio receiving transmitting module, and its schematic diagram as shown in Figure 1.
Wireless sensor network is the new distribution type self-organizing network that integrates the functions such as data acquisition, information processing and radio communication, in fields such as military affairs, environmental protection, medical treatment and space explorations, has very large potentiality.MIMO in radio communication uses the multiple antenna of transmitting terminal and receiving terminal to improve performance for wireless communications, and without extra wireless bandwidth, these performances can be the QoS in spectrum efficiency, data throughout, link range, link reliability, multi-user's situation.MIMO technology can be passed through spatial reuse, increases channel capacity, also can pass through diversity gain, for resisting wireless channel decline, strengthens the reliability of wireless link, reduces the communication energy loss of transmitting terminal.It is little that the cooperation MIMO system consisting of a plurality of wireless sensor node cooperations has energy consumption, transmits the characteristics such as fast, can reduce network energy consumption, extends network lifetime, improves network transmission speed.In the wireless sensor network based on MIMO technology, cluster algorithm is to determine collaboration MIMO realization and the key technology that affects network energy consumption and performance.
Summary of the invention
1. technical problem to be solved
Traditional wireless communication technology is too complicated, higher and power consumption is larger to taking of resource.
2. technical scheme
In order to overcome the above problems, the invention provides a kind of method of prolonging wireless sensor network life cycle, system adopts wireless sensor network cross-layer to design a model, and is the multi-hop LEACH agreement working model in conjunction with MIMO technology shown in Fig. 2.The restructuring procedure that system constantly repeats bunch according to LEACH agreement, each reconstruct is called one bout.During transfer of data, in network layer, adopted multi-hop route technology, in physical layer, embedded MIMO technology, the data that source node collects are sent to base station in multi-hop MIMO mode.In bunch, adopt the Gaussian white noise channel with secondary fading characteristic, between bunch, adopt non-frequency selectivity slow fading Rayleigh channel model.Fig. 2 supposes that in conjunction with the multi-hop LEACH agreement working model of MIMO technology each node has unique sign ID and the known base station position of the overall situation, each node there is identical primary power and transmitting power adjustable.
In wireless sensor network, the topological structure that cluster algorithm forms is divided into several bunches by whole network monitor region, and each bunch has a bunch of head and a plurality of member node conventionally.Bunch in, by a bunch head, choose some member node and jointly transmit data as cooperative node, the cooperation MIMO system that so just formed.Based on this thought, this chapter carries out cross-layer design in connection with Clustering Routing and MIMO technology, and proposes the host-host protocol of a Network Load Balance.In chapter 2, during herein for the skewness Uniform of the family existing in LEACH agreement and bunch head generation, reckon without these 2 deficiencies of energy state of node, the agreement EE-LEACH of an Energy Efficient has been proposed.But the sector region partition strategy adopting in EE-LEACH agreement, and be not suitable for being applied in large-scale network, therefore, this chapter is by the basis in EE-LEACH agreement, the strategy that adopts regular hexagon region to divide carries out sub-clustering to network, and in conjunction with MIMO technology, proposes a kind of minute family's host-host protocol of combination collaboration MIMO, thereby reach the object of effective saving network energy balance network load, be called EB-LEACH-MIMO agreement herein.
3. beneficial effect
Mimo system has not merely used the structure of channel gain matrix to obtain separate signal path, implementation space is multiplexing, increase channel capacity, simultaneously also by using the space length of aerial array, obtain array gain and diversity gain, be used for resisting wireless channel decline, strengthen the reliability of wireless link, reduce the communication energy loss of transmitting terminal, therefore MIMO technology and SISO technology are comparatively speaking, not only in energy consumption and the error rate identical in the situation that, obtain higher rate of information throughout, and in certain situation of load and the error rate, greatly reduce power of communications.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 wireless sensor network node schematic diagram
Fig. 2 is in conjunction with the multi-hop LEACH agreement working model of MIMO technology
Embodiment
Below by embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment 1
Its working method is as follows,
The course of work of system is divided into bout one by one, and each bout is divided into again establishment stage and stabilization sub stage.
1, establishment stage
Each node determines oneself whether at this bout, to become cluster head node according to the distributed algorithm of LEACH agreement, the equal advertised information of Pout broadcast of transmitting power for each cluster head node.Here adopt no persistent CSMA/mac-layer protocol, advertised information bag includes ID and the geographical state information of cluster head node.If cluster head node receives advertised information, added neighbor node list, for building routing table, concrete routing algorithm will describe in detail in the back; If non-cluster head node receives advertised information, of selective reception signal strength signal intensity maximum is as its cluster head and send one and add a bunch solicited message.After bunch foundation, each cluster head node selects n bunch interior nodes as cooperative nodes, serves as the many antennas of MIMO, is simplified model, selects cooperative nodes herein with nearby principle.Then, each cluster head node generates a TDMA time scheduling table, and broadcast in carrying out bunch, and broadcast message includes TDMA dispatch list, cooperative nodes ID and antenna sequence number and down hop cluster head node ID.Each node receives after TDMA dispatch list, checks whether oneself is chosen as cooperative nodes.If so, continue to monitor, otherwise enter sleep state.
2, the stabilization sub stage
After bunch foundation, enter the stabilization sub stage, the data that each source node gathers with the mode relay of multi-hop MIMO to base-station transmission
(1) ordinary node judges whether to be assigned to TDMA timeslice.If it is in the TDMA timeslice of oneself, data are passed to cluster head node, other times are just in sleep state; Otherwise directly enter sleep state.
(2) in cluster head node judgement bunch, whether there is the existence of other nodes.If had, in receiving bunch, after the data of all nodes, carry out data fusion with its data, then turn (3); Otherwise directly turn (3).
(3) cluster head node has judged whether that cooperative nodes exists.If had, data are broadcasted to cooperative nodes, turn (4); Otherwise turn (5).
(4) cooperative nodes carries out passing to down hop cluster head node after STBC coding to the data that receive according to the antenna sequence number of oneself, turns (6).
(5) cluster head node directly passes to data down hop cluster head node.
(6) cluster head node receives after the data from upper hop, determines whether STBC coded data.If so after, wait receives each antenna data, carry out STBC decoding; Otherwise directly turn (7).
(7) repeat (3)～(6), until data send to base station (BS).For reducing intersymbol interference and conflict, system adopts direct sequence spread spectrum skill and CSMA send mode.
Claims (5)
1. a method for prolonging wireless sensor network life cycle, comprising: system adopts wireless sensor network cross-layer to design a model, and is the multi-hop LEACH agreement working model in conjunction with MIMO technology shown in Fig. 2.
2. the method for a kind of prolonging wireless sensor network life cycle as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the restructuring procedure that system constantly repeats bunch according to LEACH agreement, each reconstruct is called one bout, during transfer of data, in network layer, adopted multi-hop route technology, in physical layer, embedded MIMO technology, the data that source node collects are sent to base station in multi-hop MIMO mode.
3. the method for a kind of prolonging wireless sensor network life cycle as described in claim 1-2, is characterized in that: in bunch, adopt the Gaussian white noise channel with secondary fading characteristic, adopt non-frequency selectivity slow fading Rayleigh channel model between bunch.
4. the method for a kind of prolonging wireless sensor network life cycle as described in claim 1-3, it is characterized in that: Fig. 2 supposes that in conjunction with the multi-hop LEACH agreement working model of MIMO technology each node has unique sign ID and the known base station position of the overall situation, each node there is identical primary power and transmitting power adjustable.
5. the method for a kind of prolonging wireless sensor network life cycle as described in claim 1-4, it is characterized in that: in wireless sensor network, the topological structure that cluster algorithm forms is divided into several bunches by whole network monitor region, each bunch has a bunch of head and a plurality of member node conventionally, bunch in, by a bunch head, choose some member node and jointly transmit data as cooperative node, the cooperation MIMO system that so just formed.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108490899A (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2018-09-04 | 深圳市创艺工业技术有限公司 | A kind of wind-power engine room automatic fire-fighting monitoring system |
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| US20120007837A1 (en) * | 2004-04-14 | 2012-01-12 | Kent Joel C | Acoustic Touch Sensor |
| CN102638862A (en) * | 2012-03-05 | 2012-08-15 | 中国人民解放军空军工程大学 | Realization method for large-scale wireless sensor network routing |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20120007837A1 (en) * | 2004-04-14 | 2012-01-12 | Kent Joel C | Acoustic Touch Sensor |
| CN102638862A (en) * | 2012-03-05 | 2012-08-15 | 中国人民解放军空军工程大学 | Realization method for large-scale wireless sensor network routing |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 秦永明: "结合协作MIMO的分簇无线传感器网络节能技术研究", 《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库 信息科技辑》 * |
| 邱焕新: "MIMO多跳簇结构无线传感器网络的路由算法及其能耗研究", 《物联网技术》 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108490899A (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2018-09-04 | 深圳市创艺工业技术有限公司 | A kind of wind-power engine room automatic fire-fighting monitoring system |
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