CN103571549B - A kind of gasoline cleaning agent, preparation method and its usage - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a kind of gasoline cleaning agent, preparation method and its usage, this gasoline cleaning agent comprises and has surface-active polyetheramine, the octane enhancing additive of gasoline and alkane solvents oil, with the volumn concentration of gasoline cleaning agent for benchmark, the volumn concentration of described polyetheramine is 30-70vol%; The volumn concentration of the octane enhancing additive of described gasoline is 3-20vol%; The volumn concentration of described alkane solvents oil is 25-60vol%, the more effective removing engine nozzle of energy, combustion chamber and inlet valve carbon distribution; Improve fuel economy, reduce oil consumption, prevent the wearing and tearing of engine; Increasing service life of engine, reduce maintenance cost, and cost is low, in the oil less usage quantity can reach ideal effect.

Description

A kind of gasoline detergent, preparation method and application thereof

technical field

The invention relates to a gasoline detergent, a preparation method and an application thereof.

Background technique

With the rapid development of the automobile industry, the number of automobiles in our country is increasing rapidly. As automobiles bring convenience to people's production and life, they also increase the consumption of petroleum resources and the emission of harmful exhaust substances. How to keep the car engine in a good working condition for a long time, so that the fuel gasoline can be fully burned, reduce fuel consumption and improve emissions. This must require the fuel intake system of the automobile engine to be kept clean for a long time. For this reason, it is clearly stipulated in the national environmental protection standard that an effective gasoline detergent must be added in motor gasoline.

Moreover, in modern automobile technology, electronic fuel injection system (PFI) has completely replaced carburetor automobiles, and gasoline direct injection (GDI) technology is gradually becoming popular. The fuel injectors of these engines have small apertures and high operating temperatures. , It is easy to be blocked by carbon deposits, causing problems such as poor atomization, poor fuel supply, increased fuel consumption, and worsened emissions. With the development of modern engine technology, the application of turbocharging and waste recirculation systems is becoming more and more extensive, the heat load of the engine is increasing, and the deposit problem of the engine intake valve is becoming more and more serious. The intake valve deposits cause The cylinder is not tightly sealed, resulting in the leakage of the engine mixture, the decrease of cylinder pressure, and the reduction of power, which seriously affects the fuel economy, power and environmental protection of the engine, and makes the overall performance of the engine decline. The poor performance of gasoline detergent will also lead to the increase of engine combustion chamber deposits. The obvious increase of total deposits in gasoline engine combustion chamber will increase the compression ratio of the engine, and it is not easy to dissipate heat, which will lead to the compression of gas in the combustion chamber. As the temperature rises, the octane number requirements increase, and in severe cases, the mechanical interference between the piston top and the cylinder head will increase, resulting in "carbon knocking", which will eventually lead to increased engine fuel consumption and worsened emissions. Therefore, there are higher requirements for the performance of gasoline detergents.

The prior art discloses a fuel additive, which consists of 10% preservative, 10-20% octane number enhancer, 5-20% ethylene glycol, 10-20% acetone, 3-5% poly Etheramine and the rest are solvents. Among them, the octane number enhancer is composed of a mixture of xylene with a mass ratio of 4:4:6:1:1: MTBE (dimethyl tert-butyl ether): decane: ferrocene: octanol, and the solvent is xylene . It can improve the power performance and reduce the content of exhaust pollutants to a certain extent, but its effect on removing carbon deposits in engine injectors, combustion chambers and intake valves is not obvious, and due to the use of xylene aromatics, such substances not only Harmful to the human body, and the unique unsaturated bonds are easy to oxidize, which increases the colloid in the fuel and increases the carbon deposition instead. At the same time, the ferrocene contained in the additive generates iron oxide after combustion and remains in the combustion chamber and is not easy to be taken out, which increases the wear and tear of the engine. It is also disclosed that in order to suppress the deposits in the fuel system, gasoline detergents that can effectively clean the deposits that have been produced in automotive fuel nozzles, intake valves and combustion chambers include 10-85% high surface active polyetheramine, 5- 20% high surface active polyisobutylamine, 5-35% carrier oil, 0-30% solvent oil and 1.0-3.0% antioxidant, 0.5-1.5% anti-rust agent, 0.5-1.0% anti-corrosion agent Demulsifier, 0.1-0.5% demulsifier, the solvent oil is selected from trimethylbenzene, tetramethylbenzene, alkylbenzene, aromatic oil, kerosene, isooctyl alcohol, glycol ether and other solvents, which can automatically clean the engine fuel injector without dismantling , intake valve, and fuel chamber deposits, keep the car engine in good working condition for a long time, and keep it clean, improve the quality of car gasoline, make the car engine burn more fully, and improve thermal efficiency. However, the selected solvent oils such as trimethylbenzene, tetramethylbenzene, alkylbenzene, and aromatic oil are not only harmful to the human body, but also the unique unsaturated bonds are easily oxidized, which increases the colloid in the fuel, and instead increases the carbon deposit, making it carbon-free Did not reach ideal effect, and it uses a large amount of functional additives, and cost is also higher, and the addition amount of the prepared gasoline detergent is generally 1000ppm-3000ppm in gasoline, and the addition amount is larger.

Contents of the invention

The invention solves the technical problems that the existing gasoline detergents have unsatisfactory cleaning and carbon removal effects, high cost and large usage, and provides a more effective cleaning method for cleaning engine fuel injectors, combustion chambers and intake valves. Improve fuel economy, reduce fuel consumption, prevent engine wear; prolong engine life, reduce maintenance costs and low cost, a gasoline detergent that can achieve the desired effect with less use in gasoline, its preparation method and its use.

The first object of the present invention is to provide a kind of gasoline detergent, comprise the octane number improver and alkane solvent naphtha with surface activity polyetheramine, gasoline, take the volume percentage of gasoline detergent as benchmark, so The volume percentage of the polyetheramine is 30-70vol%; the volume percentage of the gasoline octane number improver is 3-20vol%; the volume percentage of the alkane solvent oil is 25-60vol %.

The second object of the present invention is to provide the preparation method of the above-mentioned gasoline detergent, which comprises mixing high surface active polyetheramine, gasoline octane number improver and alkane solvent oil at room temperature or under the condition of no more than 60°C Stir to combine well.

The third object of the present invention is to provide the purposes of the above-mentioned gasoline detergent, which is added to gasoline in a dosage of 500-2000ppm.

The inventors of the present invention unexpectedly found that the mixture of the surface-active polyetheramine, gasoline octane number improver and alkane solvent oil of the present invention has stronger cleaning performance and can more effectively Remove carbon deposits on engine injectors, combustion chambers and intake valves; improve fuel economy, reduce fuel consumption, and prevent engine wear; extend engine life, reduce maintenance costs, and do not use expensive functional additives, low cost, and at the same time The desired effect can be achieved with a small amount of gasoline, and even the strong cleaning effect of the present invention can be realized only by adding 500ppm. It is speculated that it may be because the interaction between the three substances can significantly improve its cleaning and carbon removal performance; and the surface-active polyetheramine itself can also prevent carbon deposits from depositing on the surface of objects for protection, and can also remove carbon deposits in oil. The particles are covered to prevent the carbon deposit particles from increasing to increase the volume; at the same time, the octane number improver of gasoline itself can increase the octane number of gasoline, and it has good compatibility with polyetheramine and alkane solvent oil. It can better exert its anti-knock performance and reduce the vibration and sound of the engine; especially the alkane solvent oil is not only low in cost and pollution-free, but also has a high specific calorific value, and the heat released by combustion is large, which can make the oil sludge in the combustion chamber, Carbon deposits are turned into ash under high temperature combustion, and then discharged from the engine without residue, and the carbon removal effect is more obvious. Simultaneously, the gasoline detergent of the present invention has good compatibility with various gasolines, and can be applied to various models of gasoline engines, various grades of gasoline and various weather conditions. The method of the invention is simple and easy to realize, and easy to apply in large-scale production.

detailed description

In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects solved by the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention, not to limit the present invention.

The invention provides a gasoline detergent, comprising surface-active polyetheramine, gasoline octane number improver and alkane solvent oil, based on the volume percentage of gasoline detergent, the polyetheramine The volume percentage is 30-70vol%; the volume percentage of the octane number improver of the gasoline is 3-20vol%; the volume percentage of the alkane solvent oil is 25-60vol%, which can be more effective Clear engine fuel injectors, combustion chambers and intake valve carbon deposits; improve fuel economy, reduce fuel consumption, prevent engine wear; prolong engine life, reduce maintenance costs, and low cost, less usage in gasoline Can achieve the desired effect.

Further preferably, based on the volume percentage of gasoline detergent, the volume percentage of the polyetheramine is 36-65vol%; the volume percentage of the gasoline octane number improver is 3-12vol% ; The volume percentage of the alkane solvent oil is 30-60vol%, which further optimizes the performance of the gasoline detergent.

Preferably, the solvent oil is selected from low boiling point solvent oil or medium boiling point solvent oil, the boiling point of the low boiling point solvent oil is 60-90°C, and the boiling point of the middle boiling point solvent oil is 80-120°C. It is further preferred that the alkane solvent oil includes C ₈ -C ₂₀ linear alkanes or cycloalkanes. Preferably, it is specifically D80 and/or D90, which can further optimize the safety performance and carbon removal capacity, and can further avoid the generation of ash and further protect the engine.

Preferably, the gasoline octane number improver is selected from one or more of amine-based anti-riot agents or ether-based anti-riot agents. Further optimize the anti-riot performance of gasoline. Among them, the amine anti-riot agent and ether anti-riot agent are not limited in the present invention, and may be various amine-based anti-riot agents and ether-based anti-riot agents known to those skilled in the art. Preferably, the amine-based anti-riot agent can be xylene or triethylaniline, and the ether-based anti-riot agent can be one or more of methyl tert-butyl ether and dimethyl ether. Preferably, it can specifically be methyl tert-butyl ether produced by Nanjing Fengcheng Chemical Co., Ltd. and the like.

Among them, the surface-active polyetheramine is a surfactant, preferably R-[O-CH ₂ -CH(CH ₃ )] _x -NH ₂ , wherein R is a C _15-20 alkyl or aromatic hydrocarbon group, x for 13-17. Preferably, it may specifically be Lz9522c produced by Lubrizol Company, Surfonamin surface active amine series products produced by Huntsman Company, etc. It has polar groups and non-polar groups. Polar groups can be adsorbed on the surface of metal objects, and non-polar groups can extend into oil. Preferred polar groups and non-polar groups can better prevent The carbon deposition on the surface of the object plays a protective role, and covers the carbon deposition particles in the oil to prevent the carbon deposition particles from continuing to increase and play a role in increasing capacity.

The present invention also provides a preparation method for the above-mentioned gasoline detergent, which comprises uniformly mixing high-surface-active polyetheramine, a gasoline octane number improver, and alkane solvent oil at room temperature or at a temperature not exceeding 60°C. The preparation equipment and technology can adopt conventional technology. The improvement of the present invention is that the components of the gasoline detergent are different, and there is no restriction on mixing. In a preferred situation, the reactor such as the blending tank can be cleaned up first, and the gasoline octane Add value improver and solvent naphtha into the blending tank, then add polyether amine, stir and mix evenly at room temperature or not exceeding 60°C.

The present invention also provides the use of the above-mentioned gasoline detergent, which is added to gasoline at a dosage of 500-2000ppm. Less usage and lower cost. The gasoline detergent of the invention has good compatibility with various gasolines, and can be applied to various types of gasoline engines, various grades of gasoline and various climate conditions.

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific examples, and the raw materials used in the examples and comparative examples are all commercially available.

Example 1

Clean the blending kettle, add 5vol% octane number improver (methyl tert-butyl ether, Nanjing Fengcheng Chemical Co., Ltd.) and 45Vol% solvent oil (D80, Maoming Petrochemical) into the blending kettle, and then add 50Vol% polyetheramine (Lz9522c from Lubrizol Company), stirred and mixed uniformly at room temperature to obtain gasoline detergent sample S1.

Example 2

Gasoline detergent sample S2 was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the amount of polyetheramine was 30 vol%, the amount of gasoline octane improver was 10 vol%, and the amount of mineral spirits was 60 vol%.

Example 3

Gasoline detergent sample S3 was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the amount of polyetheramine was 45 vol%, the amount of gasoline octane improver was 15 vol%, and the amount of mineral spirits was 40 vol%.

Example 4

The gasoline detergent sample S4 was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the amount of polyetheramine was 65 vol%, the amount of gasoline octane number improver was 3 vol%, and the amount of mineral spirits was 32 vol%.

Example 5

Gasoline detergent sample S5 was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the amount of polyetheramine was 40 vol%, the amount of gasoline octane improver was 8 vol%, and the amount of mineral spirits was 52 vol%.

Example 6

The gasoline detergent sample S6 was prepared by the same method as in Example 1, except that the solvent oil was D90 (Maoming Petrochemical).

Example 7

The gasoline detergent sample S7 was prepared by the same method as in Example 1, except that the gasoline octane number improver was dimethyl ether (Fubao Group).

Comparative example 1

The same method as in Example 1 was used to prepare gasoline detergent sample DS1. The difference is that the composition of gasoline detergent is 43vol% polyether amine (Lz9522c from Lubrizol), 7vol% highly active polyisobutene amine (KEROCOMPIBA purchased from BASF, Germany), 25vol% carrier oil (type II 500SN mineral base Oil), 22vol% aromatic solvent oil, 1.0vol% T502 antioxidant, 1.0vol% T747 rust inhibitor, 0.5vol% T551 preservative, 0.5vol% BAKERT demulsifier.

Performance Testing:

Simulated cleaning rate: Add the gasoline detergent samples S1-S7 and DS1 prepared in Examples 1-7 and Comparative Example 1 to commercially available 93# gasoline, and use the gasoline engine air intake in Appendix B of GB19592-2004 automotive gasoline detergent Valve deposit simulation test method, the test results are shown in Table 1.

Appearance: Do an engine endoscope test on a vehicle that has not tried gasoline detergent, observe the carbon deposits on the engine's intake valve, fuel injector, and piston surface, then fill the car with 93# gasoline, and then add A bottle of gasoline detergent sample S1 (the specific addition amount is 1200ppm), after the tank of gasoline has finished running, do an engine endoscope test to observe the carbon deposits on the engine intake valve, fuel injector, and piston surface. It can be seen from the photo that after the vehicle that has not tried gasoline detergent has finished running, the fuel injector of the engine has been covered by carbon deposits, the intake valve has burned white ash, and the top of the piston is also covered by black carbon deposits; After adding the detergent, after the tank of gasoline has finished running, there is no carbon deposit on the fuel injector of the engine, and the metal surface is exposed on the intake valve and the top of the piston, and the metallic luster can be seen.

Table 1

Amount added/ppm Intake valve deposit weight before dosing Intake valve deposit weight after dosing Cleaning rate/% S1 500 1.8 0.92 48.9 S1 1200 1.8 0.15 91.7 S2 500 1.8 0.99 45.0 S2 1200 1.7 0.35 79.4 S3 1200 1.7 0.24 85.9 S4 1200 1.7 0.13 92.4 S5 1200 1.8 0.32 82.2 S6 1200 1.8 0.14 92.2 S7 1200 1.8 0.14 92.2 DS1 1200 1.8 1.17 35.0

As can be seen from the table, the gasoline detergent prepared by the present invention has stronger cleaning performance, and can also reach a high cleaning rate when the amount of use is seldom. It has strong cleaning performance without adding functional additives, and is low in cost. It can more effectively remove carbon deposits in engine injectors, combustion chambers and intake valves, improve fuel economy, reduce fuel consumption, and prevent engine wear; extend engine life. , reduce maintenance costs, and even only need to add 500ppm to realize the strong cleaning effect of the present invention. The method of the invention is simple and easy to implement, and is easy to produce and apply on a large scale.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection of the present invention. within range.

Claims (9)

1. a gasoline detergent, is characterized in that, comprises the octane number improver and alkane solvent oil with surface activity polyether amine, gasoline, takes the volume percentage of gasoline detergent as benchmark, described polyether The volume percentage of the amine is 30-70vol%; the volume percentage of the gasoline octane number improver is 3-20vol%; the volume percentage of the alkane solvent oil is 25-60vol%; The gasoline octane number improver is selected from one or more of amine-based anti-riot agents or ether-based anti-riot agents. 2. gasoline detergent according to claim 1, is characterized in that, taking the volume percentage of gasoline detergent as a benchmark, the volume percentage of described polyetheramine is 36-65vol%; The volume percentage of the alkane number improver is 3-12vol%; the volume percentage of the alkane solvent oil is 30-60vol%. 3. gasoline detergent according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described solvent oil is selected from low boiling point solvent oil or middle boiling point solvent oil, and the boiling point of described low boiling point solvent oil is 60-90 ℃, and described middle Boiling point The boiling point of solvent oil is 80-120°C. 4 . The gasoline detergent according to claim 3 , wherein the alkane solvent oil comprises C ₈ -C ₂₀ straight-chain alkanes or cycloalkanes. 5. gasoline detergent according to claim 1, is characterized in that, solvent oil is D80 and/or D90. 6. gasoline detergent according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the octane number improver of described gasoline is selected from the one in xylaniline, triethylaniline, methyl tertiary butyl ether, dimethyl ether species or several. 7. The gasoline detergent according to claim 1, wherein the surface-active polyetheramine is R-[O-CH ₂ -CH(CH ₃ )] _x -NH ₂ , wherein R is C _15-20 alkyl or aromatic hydrocarbon group, x is 13-17. 8. a kind of preparation method of gasoline cleaning agent as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, comprises the octane number improver and alkane solvent naphtha with surface active polyether amine, gasoline, at room temperature or not exceeding Mix evenly at 60°C. 9. the purposes of a kind of gasoline detergent as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, joins in the gasoline by 500-2000ppm dosage.