CN103532524B - Pulse radio signal generating and transmitting system and control method of system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a pulse radio signal generating and transmitting system comprising a digital control back end, a first switch, a second switch, an exciting unit, a primary resonance unit, a coupling unit and a secondary resonance unit, wherein the secondary resonance unit comprises an antenna unit, the digital control back end is connected with the exciting unit through the first switch and is also connected with the coupling unit through the second switch, the exciting unit, the primary resonance unit, the coupling unit and the secondary resonance unit are sequentially and electrically connected, and the digital control back end controls the on-off of the first switch and the second switch, so that the system carries out a switching operation at an isolating state and a coupling state and realizes the transmission of pulse signals. The invention further discloses a control method of the pulse radio signal generating and transmitting system. According to the pulse radio signal generating and transmitting system and the control method of the system, which are disclosed by the invention, no complex semiconductor electronic devices and circuits are provided, the power consumption and the complexity of the system are reduced, the circuits are simple, the design is smart, and the system and the control method are worthy of being popularized and applied.

Description

A pulsed radio signal generating and transmitting system and its control method

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of pulse radio, in particular to a system for generating and transmitting pulse radio signals and a control method thereof.

Background technique

Pulse radio technology has a series of unique advantages such as simple system structure, low cost, and low power consumption. It has many applications in the fields of radar detection, short-range wireless communication, wireless sensing, and radio frequency identification. The application scenarios of pulsed radio technology are sensitive to cost, power consumption and volume, so low power consumption, low complexity and miniaturization of the system have always been research hotspots in industry and academia.

At present, there are two main types of pulse signal generation methods: photoelectric methods and electronic methods. The photoelectric method can obtain pulses with picosecond (ps)-level width and good consistency, but the conversion efficiency is low, and it has not yet entered the practical stage. The electronic method uses the benign breakdown characteristics of semiconductor PN junction reverse avalanche and high-speed digital combinational logic circuit to generate ultra-wideband pulses below 1ns, and has been widely studied and applied because of its relatively simple circuit structure. Electronic methods can be divided into three main types: the first is to use the competition phenomenon of high-speed CMOS logic gate circuits to generate UWB pulses. This method can generate approximate differential Gaussian pulses of various orders, but the output pulse amplitude is low, usually several hundred mV. The static power consumption of the circuit is relatively large. The second is the traditional BJT-based avalanche breakdown conduction control capacitor discharge to form UWB pulses. This type of pulse generator has a large output pulse amplitude, close to zero static power consumption of the circuit, small pulse width and is easy to control, but generally can only generate approximate Gaussian pulses, and the DC component of the spectrum is large, requiring strict waveform shaping to comply with FCC radiation masking standard. The third is to use various high-speed electronic devices, such as integrated circuits such as tunnel diodes, step recovery diodes, pulse discharge tubes, and logic circuits of arsenic field effect transistors. The circuit structure of the pulse generator designed by the electronic method is relatively complicated, and the integration has certain difficulties. For the requirement of system miniaturization, it has always been a research trend to rationally apply electrically small antennas to pulse transmission systems. An electrically small antenna refers to an antenna whose antenna size is much smaller than the wavelength. It is characterized by small radiation resistance, high input reactance, low radiation efficiency, weak directivity, simple structure, and its performance is not sensitive to its structure. The transfer function of the electrically small antenna is similar to linear, which meets the requirement of time-domain pulse waveform without distortion, but because the radiation resistance is small and the radiation efficiency is very low, it is usually difficult to apply to the transmission of pulse signals, which is also the solution of the present invention. one of the problems.

In terms of architecture, the traditional pulse transmission system is formed by cascading multiple units such as pulse generation, shaping, amplification, and transmitting antenna. Therefore, each part needs to be designed and debugged separately during the design process, which increases the complexity of design and implementation. Spend. For example, for high-speed communication applications, multiple units such as pulse shaping, frequency mixing and modulation, and broadband power amplifier are usually required, resulting in high power consumption and cost. For low-rate applications, pulse synthesis technology based on transmission line delay can be used to generate pulses, which has low cost and power consumption, but has high requirements for the accuracy of the delay unit, and the design and implementation are more complicated.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the defects of the background technology, the present invention proposes a pulsed radio signal generation and emission system and its control method, without complicated semiconductor electronic devices and circuits, and coordinating the work between the units through switches to generate and transmit pulsed radio signals, The system power consumption and system complexity are reduced, the circuit is simple, the concept is ingenious, and it is worthy of popularization and application.

In order to solve the above problems, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows;

A pulsed radio signal generation and transmission system, including a digital control back end, a first switch, a second switch, an excitation unit, a primary resonance unit, a coupling unit and a secondary resonance unit, the secondary resonance unit includes an antenna unit, the excitation unit, The first switch, the primary resonant unit, the second switch, the coupling unit and the secondary resonant unit are electrically connected in sequence, and the digital control rear end is respectively connected with the first switch and the second switch, and controls their on-off.

The invention also discloses the control method of the pulsed radio signal generation and transmission system, which is as follows: under the control of the digital control back end, the system is controlled in the two working states of the isolation state and the coupling state through the first and second switches Make the switch work:

Isolation state: the digital control backend controls the first switch to close and the second switch to open, the excitation unit is connected to the primary resonance unit, the excitation unit provides non-zero energy storage to the primary resonance unit, the energy storage of the secondary resonance unit is zero, and the primary resonance There is no energy exchange between the unit and the secondary resonant unit;

Coupling state: the digital control backend controls the opening of the first switch and the closing of the second switch, the excitation unit is disconnected from the primary resonance unit, the coupling unit works, the energy storage of the primary resonance unit and the secondary resonance unit exchanges back and forth, and the primary resonance unit When the energy storage reaches the maximum, the energy storage of the secondary resonance unit reaches the minimum, and when the energy storage of the primary resonance unit reaches the minimum, the energy storage of the secondary resonance unit reaches the maximum, and pulse signal transmission is formed during this process;

After the pulse signal is transmitted, the remaining energy is transferred to the primary resonance unit. At this time, the digital control back-end controls the second switch to turn off, turns off the coupling unit, switches to the isolation state, and completes the process of transmitting the pulse signal.

As a further optimization solution of the present invention, the excitation unit adopts a DC voltage source or a single-frequency sinusoidal excitation.

As a further optimization solution of the present invention, the coupling unit adopts LC parallel branch, small hole or microstrip line coupling.

As a further optimization solution of the present invention, the primary resonant unit and the secondary resonant unit adopt mutual induction coils, metal, dielectric or transmission line resonant cavities.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention adopts the above technical scheme and has the following technical effects:

First, the present invention can greatly reduce the system complexity compared with the traditional pulse wireless transmission architecture;

Second, the pulse generation of the present invention does not require complex semiconductor devices, and the resonant unit is reused to store energy through resonant coupling to achieve low power consumption design;

Third, the system design does not need to consider the matching between each unit of independent design, and there is no special frequency conversion, modulation and other modules, which can reduce design and production costs;

Fourth, the present invention realizes the regulation of the pulse width, pulse amplitude and pulse repetition frequency through the real-time switch control of the resonance unit and the coupling unit, and the design of the interface with the digital baseband system is simple, and no special digital-to-analog conversion (ADC) circuit is required. Easy to digitize the transmitter system.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2(a) is a schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2(b) is a schematic diagram of typical waveforms when the first embodiment of the present invention works.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4(a) is a schematic diagram of the third embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4(b) is a schematic waveform diagram of the third embodiment of the present invention.

detailed description

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail:

A pulsed radio signal generation and transmission system and its control method, as shown in Figure 1, including a digital control back end, a first switch, a second switch, an excitation unit S1, a primary resonance unit S2, a coupling unit S3 and a secondary resonance The unit S4, the excitation unit S1, the primary resonance unit S2, the coupling unit S3 and the secondary resonance unit S4 are electrically connected in sequence, and the excitation unit S1 is controlled by the digital control rear end through the first switch to provide resonance energy storage for the primary resonance unit S2; The digital control rear end is connected to the coupling unit S3 through a second switch, and the secondary resonance unit S4 includes an antenna unit with a high Q value for transmitting pulses.

In the technical solution of the present invention, the control signals of the first and second switches are provided by the digital control back end, and the switch control system switches between the two working states, namely:

Isolation state: the digital control rear end controls the first switch to be closed, the second switch to be opened, the coupling unit S3 does not work, and there is no energy exchange between the primary resonant unit S2 and the secondary resonant unit S4. The first switch connects the excitation unit S1 and the primary resonance unit S2, the excitation unit S1 provides non-zero stored energy to the primary resonance unit S2, and the secondary resonance unit S4 stores zero energy.

Coupling state: the digital control rear end controls the opening of the first switch and the closing of the second switch, the excitation unit S1 is connected to the primary resonance unit S2, the second switch is closed, and the coupling unit S3 is started to work, the primary resonance unit S2 and the secondary resonance unit S4 The energy storage is exchanged back and forth. When the energy storage of the primary resonance unit S2 reaches the maximum, the energy storage of the secondary resonance unit S4 reaches the minimum. When the energy storage of the primary resonance unit S2 is the minimum, the energy storage of the secondary resonance unit S4 reaches the maximum. During this process Form pulse signal emission.

After the pulse signal is transmitted, the remaining energy is transferred to the primary resonant unit S2, and the second switch turns off the coupling unit S3 to switch to the isolation state, and the pulse signal transmission is completed.

In the present invention, the pulse signal starts at time t ₀ when the system switches from the isolation state to the coupling state. After switching (after time t ₀ ), the energy stored in the primary resonant unit S2 is coupled to the secondary resonant unit S4 through S3, and part of the energy is radiated outward through the antenna unit in S4 to form a pulse signal with an approximate Gaussian envelope. The pulse signal ends at the minimum energy storage time t ₁ of the secondary resonance unit S4. At this moment, the system returns to the isolation state, the secondary resonance unit S4 stops resonating, and the antenna unit stops transmitting pulses. Since part of the energy is radiated and lost by the antenna unit, the energy storage of the primary resonant unit S2 at time t ₁ is smaller than that at time t ₀ . The lost energy is supplemented by the excitation unit S1. A period of time after the time t ₁ is the energy storage recovery period, during which the energy storage of the primary resonance unit S2 recovers to the initial energy storage at the time t ₀ , making preparations for the generation and emission of the next pulse signal. Prepare. The present invention controls the repetition frequency of the pulse signal by controlling the switching frequency of the switch. By adjusting the resonance frequency of the excitation unit S1 and the primary resonance unit S2, the center frequency of the pulse signal can be adjusted. The speed of energy exchange between the harmonic excitation unit S1 and the primary resonance unit S2 can be controlled by adjusting the coupling strength of the coupling unit, thereby realizing the control of the pulse width.

Figure 2(a) shows Embodiment 1 of the present invention. The excitation unit S1 is a DC voltage source V _DC , the primary resonant unit S2 is composed of a simple LC resonant circuit, the secondary resonant unit S4 is composed of an electrically small antenna and a matching circuit, and the matching circuit can be a matching capacitor or a matching inductance. The coupling unit S2 is implemented by a weakly coupled mutual induction coil. When the switch is closed, as shown in Figure 2(a), when port 1 is closed, the DC voltage source charges the capacitor _CS . At time t ₀ , the switch hits port 2 of the primary resonant unit, the primary resonant circuit generates resonance, and the antenna radiates a pulse waveform. After a pulse ends (at time t ₁ ), the energy is basically coupled back to the capacitor C _S , and the first switch closes port 1 again. , the DC source charges the capacitor C _S to supplement the energy lost by radiation, while isolating it from other parts of the system.

Fig. 2(b) is a schematic diagram of a typical waveform during the operation of Embodiment 1, wherein the solid line represents the voltage waveform on the capacitor _CS . Before time t ₀ , the voltage on the capacitor _CS is stable and equal to the output voltage of the DC voltage source. At time t ₀ , the switch changes state under the control of the digital control backend, from port 1 to port 2, the capacitor C _S resonates with the inductor L _S and exchanges energy with the secondary resonance unit through mutual inductance, and part of the energy forms antenna radiation pulses. Until _t1 , the switch changes state again, from port 2 to port 1, the remaining energy returns to the capacitor _CS , and the DC source charges the capacitor _CS to restore its energy storage. After a period of time, the energy storage returns to the value before the pulse transmission initial state. The dotted line in the figure represents the pulse signal waveform radiated by the antenna.

The embodiment 2 shown in Fig. 3 is basically the same as the embodiment 1, the difference is that the coupling unit S2 adopts an LC parallel branch, and the coupling size can be adjusted by adjusting the values of the inductance _LC and the capacitance C _C , and then the pulse width can be adjusted. In Embodiment 3 shown in FIG. 4( a ), the excitation unit S1 is realized by using a single-frequency sinusoidal signal, and the excitation frequency is the same as that of the primary resonance unit S2 and the secondary resonance unit S4. Under the control of the digital control backend, when the switch is connected to port 1, the system enters the coupling state, the excitation unit is disconnected from the rest of the circuit, the energy storage of the primary resonance unit S2 is coupled to the secondary resonance unit S4, and the antenna radiates pulse signals. When the switch is connected to port 2, the coupling unit S3 is short-circuited, and the system enters an isolation state. The primary resonant unit S2 and the secondary resonant unit S4 are isolated, and the antenna does not radiate pulses at this time. The energy lost by the primary resonant unit S2 due to pulsed radiation is replenished from the excitation unit during the recovery of energy storage.

Figure 4(b) is a schematic diagram of typical waveforms when the working example 3 is in operation. The solid line represents the voltage waveform on the capacitor CS in the primary resonant unit _S2 , and the dotted line represents the pulse signal waveform radiated by the antenna.

It should be noted that the specific embodiments described above are only used to explain the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. For example, the primary resonant unit S2 and the secondary resonant unit S4 can also be implemented by metal, dielectric or transmission line resonators, and the coupling unit S3 can be implemented by coupling methods such as pinholes and microstrip lines.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of impulse radio signal is produced and emission system, it is characterised in that：Including digital control rear end, first switch, Second switch, exciting unit, primary resonant unit, coupling unit, secondary resonance unit and antenna element, secondary resonance unit and Antenna element is connected, exciting unit, first switch, primary resonant unit, second switch, coupling unit and secondary resonance unit It is electrical connected successively, digital control rear end is connected respectively with first switch and second switch, and controls its break-make；Wherein：

Under the control of digital control rear end, by first, second on-off control system isolation and couple state this two Plant and switch over work under working condition：

Isolation：Digital control rear end control first switch closure and second switch disconnection, exciting unit and primary resonant list Unit's connection, exciting unit is supplied to primary resonant unit non-zero energy storage, and secondary resonance unit energy storage is zero, primary resonant unit with Without energy exchange between secondary resonance unit；

Couple state：Digital control rear end control first switch disconnects and second switch closure, exciting unit and primary resonant list Unit disconnects, and coupling unit work, the energy storage of primary resonant unit and secondary resonance unit is exchanged back and forth, primary resonant unit When energy storage reaches maximum, secondary resonance unit energy storage reaches minimum, when primary resonant element energy storage is minimum, secondary resonance unit Energy storage reaches maximum, and pulse signal transmitting is formed in the process；

After pulse signal transmitting, remaining energy transfer to primary resonant unit, now, digital control rear end controls second switch Disconnect, turn off coupling unit, be switched to isolation, complete the emission process of pulse signal.

2. a kind of impulse radio signal according to claim 1 is produced and emission system, it is characterised in that：Described swashs Unit is encouraged using direct voltage source or single-frequency sinusoidal motivation.

3. a kind of impulse radio signal according to claim 1 is produced and emission system, it is characterised in that：Described coupling Close unit and adopt LC parallel branches, aperture or microstrip lines mode.

4. a kind of impulse radio signal according to claim 1 is produced and emission system, it is characterised in that：Described is first Level resonant element and secondary resonance unit are using mutual inductor or transmission line resonator.