CN1035063C - Industrial oils - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an industrial oil, e.g. for a chain saw chain and bar lubricant, a gear oil or a hydraulic fluid, based on vegetable oil rather than mineral oil and in which the base fluid is a palm olein. The industrial oil comprises palm olein as base fluid with an anti-oxidant and an anti-wear additive.

Description

Industry oil and uses thereof

The present invention relates to industry oil, relate in particular to industry oil based on vegetables oil.

Industry oil, as hydraulic fluid and lubricating oil, most of up to now based on mineral oil.Although the extensive availability of vegetables oil and this class of use are renewable and the apparent magnetism of environmentally friendly source material, vegetables oil uses very limited always as the basic fluidic of industry oil.They are not finding broad applicability aspect the high performance modern purposes as yet.For example rape seed oil and Viscotrol C are used for always and still are used at present the lubricant of limited special purpose.

Therefore, on the one hand, the invention provides a kind of palm olein contains oxidation inhibitor and antiwear additive simultaneously as basic fluid industry oil that contains.

On the other hand, the invention provides of the use of the palm olein based formulas of the preceding paragraph as a kind of industry oil.

This prescription can randomly comprise a kind of corrosion inhibitor and/or a kind of crystallization retarding agent, and the latter's character and function are in following narration.

A kind of oil of the present invention can comprise following ingredients (weight): basic fluid-palm olein 30.00～99.50%

Oxidation inhibitor 0.25～5.00%

Antiwear agents 0.25～3.00%

Corrosion inhibitor 0～1.00%

Crystallization retarding agent 0～2.00%

Other basic fluid 0～60.00%

Oil of the present invention can be prepared to such an extent that have useful purposes under minimum temperature can not drop to the weather of about relatively hot below 12 ℃ usually.Therefore, for example, in the torrid areas of countries such as Brazil, Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia and Thailand, they have special value.

As already pointed out, the basic fluid of palm olein in prescription, all available other the basic fluid of any remaining sum of this prescription, better be that synthetic oil or mineral oil are that the purified petroleum fractions is come polishing.The synthetic basic fluid that is suitable for comprises such as poly-alpha-olefin, synthetic ester such as polyol or diester and polyoxyethylene glycol.Also can mix this prescription from vegetables oil source other basic fluid of deutero-.

The oxidation inhibitor that is suitable for comprises that itself is at the technical well-known amine of lubricant, phenol or phosphorous acid ester based additive.

The antiwear agents that is suitable for comprises phosphamide, triphenyl-thiophosphate and zinc dithiophosphate dialkyl.

The corrosion inhibitor that is suitable for comprises thiazole derivative, sarkosine, phosphamide and carboxylate salt.

Other desirable additive also can mix, and this depends on the expection end-use and the environment for use of this oil.The additive that mixes because of environment for use is different comprises thickening material and pour point reducer.Specific end-use is as the chain of chain saw and saw blade lubricant, as gear oil with as hydraulic fluid.A kind of usage in back has a lot of purposes, for example, is used for the hydraulic pressure of car vibroshock, motorcycle fork, injection molding machinery and dozer, tipper etc.

Under this oil was planned situation as the chain of chain saw and saw blade lubricant, it comprised a kind of tackifier in filling a prescription more fortunately.The amount of this tackifier is preferably 3～20% (weight).The tackifier example that is suitable for is polyisobutene, poly-methyl alcohols, wherein has or no-load oil.

Plan as under the gear oil condition at this oil, this prescription better comprises following interpolation

Agent:

Thickening material 2.00～30% (weight)

Extreme pressure additive 0.25～2% (weight)

Metal passivator 0.01～1.0% (weight)

Defoamer 0～0.05% (weight)

The example of thickening material comprises vegetables oil, ester and the diester of polyisobutene, polymethacrylate, hydrogenation or blowing.

The example of extreme pressure additive comprises based on the sulfide of glycerin fatty acid ester/ester class, sulfur-donor and dialkyl group pentasulfide.

The example of metal passivator comprises sulfur nitrogen heterocycle, sulfonate and tolytriazole derivative.

The example of defoamer comprises siloxane fluid and organic polymer.

Other possible gear oil additive is an emulsion splitter, as ethoxylized fatty alcohol, and tackifier, as the natural polymer in the vegetable oil carrier, its consumption can be respectively 0.01～1.0% and 0.10～3.00%.

Calculate as under the situation of hydraulic fluid at this oil, it better contains a kind of defoamer such as siloxane fluid, and its consumption is 1～500ppm (weight).

Other possible hydraulic fluid additive is metal passivator and emulsion splitter, and they can be as described above.

As above pointed, can comprise a kind of crystallization retarding agent in the prescription.This better is a kind of ester additive, and its consumption can reach 0.24% (weight), better is 0.04～0.18% (weight).

Be preferably, this ester additive is sorbitan and stearic a kind of ester.For example, it can be the monostearate sorbitan ester, three stearic acid sorbitan esters or three stearic acid polyoxyethylene sorbitan esters, and especially good is three stearic acid sorbitan esters.In addition, it also can be such as a kind of polyglycerol ester.

Palm olein is a kind of cut derivative that obtains when the plam oil fractionation becomes solid and liquid distillate.Its iodine number (IV) scope typically is about 55～67.Iodine number is a kind of indication of insatiable hunger degree.About the detailed description of its mensuration, see also Institute of PetroleumMethod IP84.Palm olein especially in the Far East and South America, has been widely used as a kind of food/edible oil, in particular for frying.

As everyone knows, the transparent palm olein of iodine number about 55 becomes muddy below 20 ℃ the time approximately when its temperature drops to.This is considered to because inner some molecule of palm olein mainly is a triglyceride level, the crystalline cause.Also be known that such crystallization can by suitable additive as, among others, above-described sorbitan ester blocks.

Crystalline actual temperature and form depend on many factors, comprise the iodine number of used olein, speed of cooling, and test method is isothermal or temperature programming.For example, if test method is identical, then a kind of specific palm olein with high relatively iodine number may just begin to become muddy 15 ℃ of analogies owing to crystallization, and iodine number is hanged down as 55 palm oleins then may begin to become muddy at 20 ℃.Similarly, if two kinds of identical olein adopt the different temperature hierarchy also may be in different temperature crystallizations.

To be preferably, in order in a kind of oil of the present invention, using, to should be at least 60, be preferably 62～67 through the iodine number of the palm olein of stabilizing treatment.Found that the lower palm olein of iodine number is not too desirable, though still can use, its reason is, even they also may during the tropical climate normal temps changes crystallization take place and cause muddiness when carrying out stabilizing treatment.

Claims (29)

1. an industry oil comprises palm olein as basic fluid, and oxidation inhibitor and antiwear additive is arranged in its composition.

2. according to the industry oil of claim 1, wherein comprise 30-99.5% (weight) palm olein.

3. according to the industry oil of claim 1, wherein comprise 0.25-5% (weight) oxidation inhibitor.

4. according to the industry oil of claim 2, wherein comprise 0.25-5% (weight) oxidation inhibitor.

5. according to the industry oil of claim 1, wherein comprise 0.25-3% (weight) antiwear agents.

6. according to the industry oil of claim 2, wherein comprise 0.25-3% (weight) antiwear agents.

7. according to any one industry oil among the claim 1-6, wherein oxidation inhibitor is selected from amido, phenylol and phosphorous acid ester based additive.

8. according to any one industry oil among the claim 1-6, wherein antiwear agents is selected from ammonium phosphate, triphenyl-thiophosphate and zinc dithiophosphate dialkyl.

9. according to any one industry oil among the claim 1-6, wherein comprise the nearly corrosion inhibitor of 1% (weight).

10. according to the industry oil of claim 9, wherein corrosion inhibitor is selected from thiazole derivative, musculamine acid, ammonium phosphate and carboxylate salt.

11., wherein comprise nearly other basic fluids of 60% (weight) according to any one industry oil among the claim 1-6.

12. according to the industry oil of claim 11, wherein other basic fluids are selected from poly-alpha-olefins alkene, synthetic ester, polyethylene glycols and refining petroleum cut.

13., wherein comprise the crystallization retarding agent of the ester of nearly 2% (weight) as palm olein according to any one industry oil among the claim 1-6.

14. according to the industry oil of claim 13, wherein the consumption of ester is 0.04-0.24% (weight).

15. according to the industry oil of claim 13, wherein ester is selected from monostearate sorbitan ester, three stearic acid sorbitan esters and three stearic acid polyoxyethylene sorbitan esters.

16. according to the industry oil of claim 14, wherein ester is selected from monostearate sorbitan ester, three stearic acid sorbitan esters and three stearic acid polyoxyethylene sorbitan esters.

17. according to the industry oil of claim 13, wherein the iodine number of palm olein is at least 60.

18. according to any one industry oil among the claim 14-16, wherein the iodine number of palm olein is at least 60.

19. according to the industry oil of claim 17, wherein iodine number is 62-67.

20. according to the industry oil of claim 18, wherein iodine number is 62-67.

21., wherein also comprise the thickening material of 2-20% (weight) according to any one industry oil among the claim 1-6.

22. according to the industry oil of claim 21, wherein thickening material is selected from polyisobutene and poly-methyl alcohols.

23., wherein also comprise the extreme pressure additive of 0.25-2% (weight) according to any one industry oil among the claim 1-6.

24. according to the industry oil of claim 23, wherein extreme pressure additive be selected from sulfur-donor, based on the sulfide and the dialkyl group pentasulfide of glycerin fatty acid ester/ester class.

25., wherein also comprise the metal passivator of 0.01-1.0% (weight) according to any one industry oil among the claim 1-6.

26. according to the industry oil of claim 25, wherein metal passivator is selected from sulfur nitrogen heterocycle compound, sulfonate and tolytriazole derivative.

27., wherein also comprise the nearly defoamer of 0.05% (weight) according to any one industry oil among the claim 1-6.

28. according to the industry oil of claim 27, wherein defoamer is selected from siloxane fluid and organic polymer.

29. the composition of any one is as the purposes of industry oil in the aforementioned claim.