CN103439303B - Alga anabiosis and vertical migration monitoring device and monitoring method for early warning of algal bloom - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an algae recovery and vertical migration monitoring device and monitoring method for early warning of water blooms. The device includes a water surface control unit and a bottom measuring unit. The water surface control unit is provided with a floating platform, and the floating platform is provided with a first The wireless communicator, signal lamp and winch are connected with the unit under test through cables. The underwater measuring unit includes an equipment box, a measurement frame and a collection box. A motor, a processor, and a second wireless communicator are installed in the equipment box, and a laser light source and a fluorescence receiver are installed on the measurement frame; a small hole is arranged on the bottom surface of the collection box and A toothed plate that can move vertically up and down is installed inside and the lifting state is controlled by an electromagnet. There is a bracket on the left and right sides of the collection box, and a reel is installed obliquely and symmetrically on the right side of the collection box and the left side of the equipment box. The present invention is characterized in that it detects the precursors of water blooms in lakes and reservoirs through real-time monitoring of the whole life cycle of algae cells in the bottom mud after dormancy, and fills in the gap that the earliest forecast of water blooms cannot be implemented.

Description

Algae recovery and vertical migration monitoring device and monitoring method for water bloom early warning

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of water environment protection, in particular to an algae recovery and vertical migration measuring device and monitoring method for early warning of water blooms.

Background technique

Algal bloom disasters in lakes and reservoirs have a wide spread and serious secondary disasters. Rapid and accurate early warning of algal bloom outbreaks is very important for the water environment management of lakes and reservoirs. The essence of water bloom is the rapid growth of algae density in the water body from low to high after a sudden change in the water ecosystem. The reasons that affect the outbreak of water bloom include abiotic factors and biological factors. Abiotic factors (such as water flow, meteorology, water quality, etc.) It is the cause of water bloom outbreak, and biological factors (physiological characteristics and reproduction strategies of algae) are the internal causes of water bloom outbreak.

Existing algae prediction work often starts from the perspective of external factors that are easier to measure, and often avoids the physiological characteristics of algae in water bodies that are difficult to measure. At present, methods based on mathematical models and prototype observations are often used to predict water blooms, but these methods have the following obvious shortcomings:

1. The mathematical model is to solve the ordinary differential equations that approximately describe the water ecosystem. The approximate parameters involved often exceed dozens. It can only simulate the seasonal change trend of the water ecosystem change, and cannot predict the algae bloom in real time. The prediction error often exceeds several Weeks or even months, the problem cannot be overcome even by improving the model equations or solution techniques.

2. Prototype observation methods (including remote sensing technology) can only provide rapid notification and early warning after local water bloom outbreaks, and cannot achieve early warning and forecasting. The reason is that the process of water bloom outbreaks is very short, and there will be a large number of algae within a few hours. Aggregation and reproduction cover the water surface. The existing technology can only measure the environmental factors that affect the outbreak of algal blooms and the existing quantity of algae, but cannot observe the physiological characteristics and reproduction strategies of algae cells in the water in real time.

In the document "Reflections on the Formation Mechanism of Cyanobacteria Blooms in Large Shallow Water Eutrophic Lakes" written by Kong Fanxiang and others, it is mentioned that according to the basic theory of water ecology and in-situ observations of the process of blooms in the field, lakes and reservoirs blooms (such as common cyanobacteria The formation process of algal blooms can be roughly divided into four stages: "algae dormancy", "algae recovery", "biomass increase (growth)", "floating and aggregation". It can be seen from this that algae blooms are dormant algal cells that germinate and recover in large numbers in winter, re-enter the overlying water, continuously migrate vertically into the upper water body to absorb nutrients, and rapidly reproduce and accumulate in a short period of time when the environmental conditions are suitable. .

Therefore, the most ideal and suitable monitoring stage for real-time algal bloom warning should be the period of recovery and surfacing of dormant algal cells in sediment before the outbreak of algae bloom. Cooperating with the monitoring information of external causes, it can accurately warn of algal blooms at the earliest stage. Due to the small size of algae cells, the inconspicuous activity state, and the unstable flow state of the sediment boundary layer, there is currently no technology that can directly and continuously monitor the recovery, flotation, and migration of algae after dormancy in the sediment before the outbreak of algal blooms:

1. The existing algae measurement technology is mainly to filter and extract algae-containing water samples in the laboratory, and then use microscope observation and counting or use spectrophotometry, fluorescence detection and high performance liquid chromatography to measure algae chlorophyll and its degradation products. Although these methods are accurate and precise, they need to take algae-containing water samples back to the laboratory, treat them with experimental reagents, and then observe them with precision instruments. The operation is relatively complicated, and the requirements for monitoring conditions are also high, and there is an obvious time lag. For example, the invention patent with the patent application number 2012103918020 and titled "A device for capturing vertical migration of algae in reservoirs" discloses a device for capturing vertical migration of algae in reservoirs, through the method of water sample collection column and algae trapping net Collect algae samples at different water depths (not involving sediment-overlying water), and then take them back to the laboratory for determination.

2. Common algae monitoring equipment, such as the probe-type algae fluorescence instrument, etc., due to design defects, can only measure the number of algae in the surface water body, and cannot directly, real-time, and microscopically monitor the recovery of algae cells in the sediment and the algae in the water. The vertical migration between the sediment and the overlying water cannot know the recovery time and migration flux of the algae after overwintering in time.

To sum up, it is an urgent problem to be solved by those skilled in the art to provide a measuring device and monitoring method that can overcome the limitations and defects of the above-mentioned prior art and quickly and accurately warn the outbreak of algal blooms.

The information disclosed in the Background of the Invention section is only intended to deepen the understanding of the general background of the present invention, and should not be considered as an acknowledgment or any form of suggestion that the information constitutes prior art known to those skilled in the art.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to address the deficiencies in the prior art, to provide an algae recovery and vertical migration monitoring device and monitoring method for early warning of water blooms, to monitor in real time the recovery of dormant algae cells in the bottom mud, the relationship between the bottom mud and the overlying water. The situation of vertical migration among them, and real-time data storage and transmission, so as to provide the earliest early warning information for potential algal bloom outbreaks.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of algae recovery and vertical migration monitoring device for early warning of water bloom, which includes two parts: a water surface control unit and a bottom measuring piece unit; the water surface control unit is provided with a floating platform, and the A first wireless communicator and an antenna are installed above the floating platform, and a hoist is installed below the floating platform, and the hoist is connected to the underwater measuring unit through a cable; the underwater measuring unit includes an equipment box, a measuring frame and an acquisition unit. box; the bottom surface of the collection box can adhere to algae cells, and the bottom surface of the collection box is also provided with coiled material, which can adhere to the algae cells separated from the bottom surface of the collection box; A laser light source and a fluorescent receiver, the laser light source emits laser light on the coil to excite the algae cells attached to the coil to emit fluorescence, and the fluorescent signal is generated and received by the fluorescent receiver;

A first reel is installed on one side of the collection box, a second reel is installed on one side of the equipment box, and the coiled material is wound on the first reel and the second reel respectively;

An engine, a processor, and a second wireless communicator are installed inside the equipment box, and the engine provides power for the second reel; the processor is used to control the start and stop of the underwater measuring unit, receive and process the fluorescence receiver The received fluorescent signal is converted into a digital signal; the second wireless communicator is capable of wireless communication with the first wireless communicator, so as to transmit the digital signal converted from the processor to the first wireless communicator.

Preferably, the floating platform also includes a signal light, the floating platform is made of lightweight foam plastic and ensures that the first wireless communicator, signal light, and antenna are exposed to the water surface through buoyancy; one end of the cable is wound on the hoist below the floating platform, The other end of the cable is connected with the equipment box of the underwater measuring unit.

Preferably, the bottom surface of the collection box is evenly distributed with a plurality of small holes, the collection box is equipped with algae flocculant, and the algae flocculant seeps out through the small holes on the bottom surface of the collection box to form glue droplets, and the glue droplets are attached to the collection box The bottom surface is used to adhere to the algae cells that migrate vertically and float up.

Preferably, there is a toothed plate and an electromagnet that can move up and down inside the collection box, and the lifting of the toothed plate is controlled by the electromagnet.

Preferably, a plurality of small teeth are evenly distributed on the lower surface of the tooth plate inside the collection box, and when the tooth plate falls, the small teeth on the tooth plate engage with the small holes on the bottom surface of the collection box.

Preferably, there is a support on the left and right sides of the collection box, and the motor drives the second reel so that the coil is transferred from the first reel to the second reel through the support.

Preferably, the coiled material is composed of waterproof adhesive films distributed at intervals, and flexible nylon ropes are arranged on the edge of the coiled material, and each waterproof adhesive film is fixed on the nylon rope at intervals; the width D of the coiled material, the length of each waterproof adhesive film The size of L1 and the interval length L2 of the waterproof viscous film are calculated by the following formulas: D=D8-10cm; L1=L8; L2=L8+H8; where D is the width of the coil, L1 is the waterproof viscosity of each piece The length of the film, L2 is the interval length of the waterproof viscous film, D8 is the width of the collection box, L8 is the length of the collection box, H8 is the height of the collection box, and the unit is cm.

Preferably, when the tooth plate falls, the small teeth on the tooth plate pass through the small holes on the bottom surface of the collection box to break the algae cells attached to the bottom surface of the collection box away from the bottom surface of the collection box, so that the algae cells adhere to the waterproof surface of the coiled material. on the sticky film.

Preferably, the wavelength range of the laser light emitted by the laser light source is 400nm to 700nm, the light intensity range is 8mW to 12mW, and the range of light projected on the roll is larger than the area of a piece of waterproof adhesive film on the roll.

Preferably, each of at least two corners on the tooth plate is fixed with a vertical thin rod, and a magnet is fixed at the top of the thin rod, and one end of the thin rod is connected with a connecting rod and connected to the end of the bracket through the connecting rod. connected.

Preferably, the center of the connecting rod is hinged on the side wall of the collection box, and each vertical rod of the bracket has a sleeve fixed on the side wall of the collection box or equipment box, and the inner surface of the sleeve has a Ring rubber.

The present invention also provides a monitoring method. The monitoring method is to use the algae recovery and vertical migration monitoring device for early warning of algae to monitor the algae recovery and vertical migration. The monitoring method includes the following steps:

The first wireless communicator receives the signal, sets the collection time interval Δt, starts the hoist and lowers the underwater test piece unit into the water so that the algae cells adhere to the bottom surface of the collection box;

After the Δt time, the algae cells adhered to the bottom surface of the collection box are detached from the bottom surface of the collection box and adhered to the coil;

The laser light source emits laser light on the coil and excites the algae cells on it to emit fluorescence, which generates a fluorescent signal and is received by the fluorescent receiver;

The received fluorescent signal is processed and transmitted to the first wireless communicator.

Preferably, the underwater measuring unit is lowered into the water until the distance from the bottom surface of the collection box to the bottom mud surface is 10-20 cm.

Preferably, the collection time interval Δt is 0.75 hours to 1.5 hours.

Preferably, the fluorescent signal is an optical signal, which is converted into a digital signal of the number of algae by the processor, stored, and transmitted to the first wireless communicator through the second wireless communicator.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. The device provided by the present invention can continuously measure the growth and vertical migration of algae at the bottom mud-overlying water interface for a long period of time, and fills in the gap in the lack of physiological activity data of underwater algae during the formation of algal blooms.

2. The device provided by the present invention solves the problem of full-automatic on-site monitoring of sediment algae recovery and vertical migration before the outbreak of water blooms, and can accurately define the period from dormancy to recovery of algae, which can be detected at the earliest stage before the outbreak of water blooms. Pre-warning and forecasting is carried out, thereby gaining valuable advance time for the prevention and control of algae bloom hazards.

3. The device of the present invention is simple, easy to operate, can be combined with remote sensing technology and Internet of Things technology, and can be used in a remote fully automatic profile monitoring system, which has broad application prospects.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic composition diagram of an algae recovery and vertical migration monitoring device for early warning of algal blooms according to the present invention.

2 is a schematic diagram of the water surface control unit and its equipment of the algae recovery and vertical migration monitoring device for early warning of algal blooms according to the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the underwater measuring unit and its equipment of the algae recovery and vertical migration monitoring device for early warning of algal blooms according to the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the coil used in the algae recovery and vertical migration monitoring device for early warning of algal blooms according to the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the tooth plate and the bracket of the algae recovery and vertical migration monitoring device for early warning of algae according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the algae recovery and vertical migration monitoring device for algae bloom warning according to the present invention when the tooth plate is raised.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the algae recovery and vertical migration monitoring device for algae bloom warning according to the present invention when the tooth plate is falling.

Fig. 8 is a real-time monitoring diagram of changes in the number of vertical migration of algae in sediment after recovery by the algae recovery and vertical migration monitoring device and monitoring method for early warning of water blooms according to the present invention.

Description of main component symbols:

1 floating platform

2 The first wireless communicator

3 signal lights

4 antennas

5 cables

6 equipment boxes

7 measuring frame

8 collection boxes

9 first scroll

10 second scroll

11 laser light source

12 Fluorescence Receiver

13 Hoist

14 brackets

15 rolls

16 sleeves

17 thin rod

18 magnets

19 connecting rod

20 tooth plate

21 electromagnet

D the width of the coil

L1 The length of each piece of waterproof adhesive film

L2 Waterproof viscous film interval length

D8 Width of collection box

L8 The length of the collection box

H8 Height of collection box.

Detailed ways

In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways different from those described here, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without violating the connotation of the present invention, so the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

The invention provides a monitoring device and method for monitoring algae recovery and vertical migration used for early warning of water blooms. The device includes two parts: a water surface control unit and a water bottom measuring unit.

The water surface control unit is provided with a floating platform, the first wireless communicator, a signal light, and an antenna are installed above the floating platform, and a hoist is installed below the floating platform, and the floating platform is connected to the underwater measuring unit through the cable on the hoist.

The underwater measuring unit is divided into three parts from top to bottom: the equipment box, the measurement frame and the collection box. Among them, a micro-engine, a processor and a second wireless communicator are installed in the equipment box; a laser light source and a fluorescent receiver are installed on the measurement frame; the bottom of the collection box is densely covered with uniform small holes, and there is a tooth plate that can move up and down inside. The electromagnet controls the lifting; there is a bracket on the left and right sides of the collection box, and there is a reel on the right side of the collection box and the left side of the equipment box for transporting the coil.

The buoyant platform is made of lightweight foam plastics, and the buoyancy guaranteed that the first wireless communicator, signal lamp, and antenna of the whole device can be exposed to the water surface and operate normally. The winch is set in the middle of the lower side of the floating platform, and a long enough cable is wound on it, and one end of the cable is connected to the center of the top surface of the equipment box of the test piece. The depth position of the underwater measuring unit in the water can be controlled by the winch.

The equipment box of the underwater testing unit is waterproofed, and a micro-engine, a processor and a second wireless communicator are installed inside the equipment box. The micro-engine provides power for the second reel on the left side of the equipment box, so that the coiled material is transferred from the first reel to the second reel through the bottom of the equipment box and the side of the measuring frame; The start and stop of each device, and receive the fluorescence signal received by the fluorescence receiver on the measurement rack, convert the fluorescence signal into digital data of the number of algae, that is, convert the fluorescence signal into digital signal of the number of algae through the processor for storage , the second wireless communicator can receive the signal of the first wireless communicator on the floating platform, and transmit the data of the digital signal of the measured algae quantity to the first wireless communicator so as to transmit to the remote control center.

A laser light source and a fluorescence receiver are installed on the measuring frame to detect the amount of algae attached to the waterproof adhesive film; the laser light source and the fluorescence receiver are treated waterproofly. The wavelength range of the laser light emitted by the laser light source is 400nm to 700nm, and the light intensity range is 8mW to 12mW, preferably 10mW. The center of the projected spot is on the left center of the measuring frame, and the range of light projected on the coil is larger than that on the coil. The area of the waterproof adhesive film, specifically, the area of a piece of waterproof adhesive film is D×L1, where D is the width of the roll, and L1 is the length of each waterproof adhesive film.

A support is respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the collection box, and a first reel is installed on the right side of the collection case, and the coiled material on it can be transmitted to the second reel on the left side of the equipment box by the first reel through the support. The second reel is the driving shaft, which is connected to the micro motor in the equipment box to provide power for the coil transmission. The coiled material is a waterproof viscous membrane distributed at intervals, and flexible thin nylon ropes are arranged on the edge of the coiled material, and the waterproof viscous membrane is fixed on the nylon rope.

The width D of the coil, the length L1 of each piece of waterproof adhesive film and the size of the interval length L2 of the waterproof adhesive film are calculated by the following formulas: D=D8-10cm (Formula 1); L1=L8 (Formula 2); L2=L8+H8 (Formula 3); among them, D is the width of the coil, L1 is the length of each waterproof adhesive film, L2 is the interval length of the waterproof adhesive film, D8 is the width of the collection box, and L8 is the length of the collection box , H8 is the height of the collection box, the unit is cm.

The bottom surface of the collection box is distributed with dense and uniform small holes, and the collection box is equipped with algae flocculant, which will seep out from the small holes at the bottom of the box, and form colloid under the action of hydrolysis, thus forming a dense layer of glue droplets that adhere to the bottom of the box , used to adhere to the algal cells that migrate vertically from the bottom mud to the surface.

Inside the collection box, there is a tooth plate that can move up and down controlled by an electromagnet. There are dense and uniform small teeth distributed on the plate; Through the small hole, the glue drop with algae adhered to the bottom surface of the collection box is knocked off the bottom surface of the collection box. At the same time, the falling of the tooth plate drives the bracket to rise, and the coiled material on it also moves up. At this time, the coiled material under the collection box is in the waterproof adhesive film section and the sticky side faces upward, and the waterproof adhesive film is moved up and pasted on the collection box. On the underside, the detached alginate drops are stuck and transported with them to the measuring stand.

In order to achieve the purpose that the tooth plate can move up and down through the control of the electromagnet, the following technical scheme is adopted: a vertical thin rod is fixed on each of the four corners of the upper surface of the tooth plate, and a magnet is fixed on the top of the thin rod. When the electromagnet is energized in the opposite direction, the magnetic pole at the lower end of the electromagnet is different from the magnetic pole at the upper end of the magnet. The magnetic poles at the upper end are the same, and the electromagnet repels the magnet, so that the thin rod moves down, thereby driving the tooth plate to move down.

In order to achieve the purpose that the tooth plate falls to drive the support to rise, the following technical scheme is adopted: the thin rod on the tooth plate is connected to the end of the vertical rod of the support through a connecting rod, the center of the connecting rod is hinged on the side wall of the collection box, and the There is a sleeve on each vertical rod, and the sleeve is fixed on the side wall of the collection box or equipment box. There is a ring of rubber on the inner side of the sleeve, so that the vertical rod can ensure the stand still when the coil is transported under the action of friction. When the tooth plate falls, pull the connecting rod to make the vertical rod of the bracket rise, so that the bracket rises; when the tooth plate rises, push the connecting rod to make the vertical rod of the bracket fall, so that the bracket falls.

In order to achieve the purpose of the tooth plate rising to drive the bracket to fall, the following technical solution is adopted: the structure of the tooth plate and the bracket is the same as above, when the tooth plate rises, the connecting rod is pushed to make the vertical rod of the bracket fall, so that the bracket falls.

The monitoring method of the present invention is as follows. When the device is running, the collection time interval Δt is set according to the signal received by the first wireless communicator, and the collection time interval Δt is 0.75 hours to 1.5 hours, preferably 1 hour. The hoist is started, and according to the received water depth signal of the measuring point, the underwater measuring piece unit is lowered into the water until the bottom surface of the collection box is 10-20cm away from the bottom mud. Initially, the underwater measuring unit is in the collection state, and the coiled material under the collection box is at the interval, that is, there are only two thin nylon ropes under the collection box. The electromagnet passes a positive current, the tooth plate is in a lifting state, and the bracket is in a falling state. The algae flocculant seeps out through the small holes on the lower bottom of the collection box and forms glue droplets that adhere to the bottom surface. When algae float up to the bottom of the collection box, they will be adhered to the glue droplets.

After Δt time, the underwater measuring piece unit reaches the measurement state, the micro-engine in the equipment box is started, and drives the second reel to rotate, so that the coiled material starts to be transferred from the first reel to the second reel. Just below (that is, the transmission distance is L1), the micro-engine stops. After the above process is finished, the miniature electromagnet automatically switches to the reverse current, the tooth plate falls, and the bracket rises, so that the waterproof adhesive film is attached to the bottom surface of the collection box, and the small teeth on the tooth plate pass through the small hole on the bottom surface of the collection box, and the The glue drop with algae adhered breaks away from the bottom surface of the collection box and sticks to the waterproof viscous film.

Subsequently, the electromagnet automatically re-passes the positive current, the tooth plate rises, the bracket falls, the micro-engine starts, and the coil begins to be transported from the first reel to the second reel, until the waterproof viscous film with algae is just vertically positioned on the measuring frame On the left side, at the space where the right bottom of the collection box and the left side wall are facing the coil (that is, the transmission distance is L2), the micro-engine stops, and the underwater test piece unit returns to the collection state. At this time, the laser light source on the measurement frame is turned on, and the laser light is emitted to irradiate on the waterproof adhesive film vertically located in the middle of the left side wall of the measurement frame, and the light range is larger than the area of a piece of waterproof adhesive film. The algae adhering to the waterproof viscous film have fluorescence characteristics, and the chlorophyll in the body emits fluorescence under the irradiation of laser light, and the excited fluorescence is received by the fluorescence receiver. The received fluorescent signal is transmitted to the processor in the equipment box, which converts the optical signal into a digital signal of algae quantity, stores the data and transmits the data to the first wireless communicator through the second wireless communicator, and then transmits it to the remote control center.

The technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below through specific embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the present invention provides an algae recovery and vertical migration monitoring device for early warning of algal blooms, which includes two parts: a water surface control unit and a bottom measuring unit.

The water surface control unit is provided with a floating platform 1. There is a first wireless communicator 2, a signal light 3, and an antenna 4 on the floating platform 1. A winch 13 is installed under the floating platform 1. The floating platform 1 passes the cable 5 on the winch 13 and the underwater test piece. unit is connected.

The underwater measuring piece unit is divided into three parts: an equipment box 6, a measuring frame 7 and an acquisition box 8 from top to bottom; a micro-engine, a processor and a second wireless communicator (the above-mentioned micro-engine, processor and the first wireless communication device) are installed in the equipment box 6 Two wireless communicators are not shown in the figure); the measuring frame 7 is equipped with a laser light source 11 and a fluorescent receiver 12; 21 controls the lifting; the left and right sides of the collection box 8 respectively have a support 14, and the right side of the collection box and the left side of the equipment box have a first reel 9 and a second reel 10 respectively.

The floating platform 1 and its upper equipment are shown in Figure 2. The floating platform 1 is a cylinder with a bottom radius of 100 cm and a height of 150 cm, and the height of the bottom 50 cm is a cavity. The buoyant platform 1 is made of lightweight foamed plastics, and the buoyancy ensured that the first wireless communicator 2, the signal lamp 3, and the antenna 4 are exposed to the water surface.

The unit part of the underwater test piece is shown in Figure 3, wherein the size of the equipment box 6 is 110cm x 110cm x 50cm, and a micro-engine, a processor and a second wireless communicator are installed inside the equipment box.

The measuring frame 7 has a height of 110cm and is made up of four round rods with a diameter of 2cm; the size of the collection box 8 is 110cm×110cm×30cm, the thickness of the top and side walls is 0.5cm, and the thickness of the bottom surface is 0.2cm. The lengths of the first reel 9 and the second reel 10 are both 110 cm.

Calculated from Formula 1 to Formula 3, the width D of the roll material 15 is 100 cm, the length L1 of each waterproof adhesive film is 110 cm, and the interval length L2 is 140 cm. The size diagram of the roll material is shown in Figure 4.

The schematic diagram of tooth plate 20 and support 14 is as shown in Figure 5, and the size of tooth plate 20 is 109cm * 109cm, and plate thickness is 0.2cm, and the small tooth height on it is 0.3cm, and preferred shape is the shape of trapezoidal platform; Thin bar 17 The diameter is 0.5cm, and height is 17cm; Magnet 18 is the cylinder magnet of bottom surface diameter 5cm, high 3cm; The length of connecting rod 19 is 5cm, and two ends and center respectively have a connecting hinge; The vertical bar diameter of support 14 is 0.5cm, long 20cm, horizontal bar diameter 0.5cm, long 102cm; Sleeve 16 long 3cm, outer diameter 1cm, the inner diameter of the inner rubber ring is 0.5cm. The diameter of the small holes on the bottom surface of the collection box 8 is 2 mm, and the distance between two adjacent holes is 5 mm (the distance between the centers of adjacent small holes). The algae flocculant is polyaluminum chloride (PAC) flocculant.

When the device is running, start the hoist 13, lower the underwater measuring piece unit into the water until the bottom surface of the collection box 8 is about 20 cm away from the bottom mud, and set the collection time interval to 1 hour. Initially, the underwater measuring piece unit is in the collection state, and the coiled material 15 below the collection box 8 is at a gap, that is, there are only two thin nylon ropes under the collection box. The electromagnet 21 passes forward current, attracts the magnet 18 on the thin rod 17, the tooth plate 20 is in a lifting state, and the support 14 is in a falling state, as shown in FIG. 6 . The algae flocculant oozes out through the aperture on the bottom surface of the collection box 8, forming glue droplets to be attached to the bottom surface, and when algae floats close to the glue droplets, they will be adhered to the glue droplets.

After one hour, the underwater measuring piece unit reaches the measurement state, and the micro-engine in the equipment box 6 starts to drive the second reel 10 to rotate, so that the coiled material 15 starts to be transferred from the first reel 9 to the second reel 10, and finally reaches a piece of waterproof viscous film Just below the collection box 8 (the transmission distance is L1, and its value is 110cm), the micro-engine stops. Subsequently, the miniature electromagnet 21 turns into reverse current automatically, as shown in Figure 7, the electromagnet 21 repels the magnet 18, the thin rod 17 falls, drives the tooth plate 20 to fall at the same time, and drives the vertical rod on the support 14 through the connecting rod 19. The straight rod rises, so that the support 14 rises, so that the waterproof viscous film is attached to the bottom surface of the collection box 8, and the small teeth on the tooth plate 20 pass through the small holes on the bottom surface of the collection box 8, and the glue droplets adhered to the algae are beaten away from the collection box. 8, Stick on the waterproof adhesive film.

Subsequently, the electromagnet 21 automatically switches back to the positive current, the tooth plate 20 rises, the support 14 falls, the micro-motor starts, and the coiled material 15 starts to be transferred from the first reel 9 to the second reel 10, to the waterproof viscous algae adhered. The membrane is just vertically located in the middle of the left side wall of the measurement frame 7, the space between the right below the collection box 8 and the left side wall facing the coil (the transmission distance is L2=140cm), the micro-engine stops, and the underwater measurement unit returns to Collection status.

At this moment, the laser light source 11 on the measurement frame 7 is turned on, and the laser light is emitted to irradiate on the waterproof adhesive film vertically positioned in the middle of the left side wall of the measurement frame 7, and the light range is larger than the film area. The algae adhering to the film have fluorescence characteristics, that is, the chlorophyll in the body emits fluorescence under the irradiation of laser light, and the excited fluorescence is received by the fluorescence receiver 12, and the received fluorescence signal is transmitted to the processor in the equipment box 6 After processing, the number of algae is obtained, the data is stored and transmitted to the first wireless communicator 2 through the second wireless communicator, and then transmitted to the remote control center.

According to the above process, the device can carry out long-term continuous "collection" and "measurement" work, and can obtain the continuous change process of the vertical migration of the bottom mud to the overlying water after recovery and flotation. Figure 8 is a graph showing the relationship between the number and time of the vertical migration of algae from the bottom mud to the overlying water on the 7th day when the device carried out continuous monitoring of algae recovery and vertical migration in the backwater area of a river-type reservoir. The recovery time of mud algae is about the 8th monitoring period of the day (that is, around 8:00 a.m.). After that, the number of algae moving vertically and floating up is increasing, and the floating increment in the 10th to 11th monitoring period reaches 1.086 ×10 ⁷ pieces/L.hr.

In summary, according to the above-mentioned process of continuous collection for a long time, the vertical migration flux of the sediment algae after recovery to the overlying water can be monitored in real time. Under suitable environmental conditions (such as high temperature and strong light), it is very likely that algal blooms will break out and an alarm will be issued.

The above embodiments are used to illustrate the principles and effects of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Those skilled in the art can modify the above-mentioned embodiments within the protection scope of the claims without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (14)

1. An algae recovery and vertical migration monitoring device for early warning of water blooms, which includes two parts: a water surface control unit and a bottom measuring unit; The water surface control unit is provided with a floating platform (1), a first wireless communicator (2) and an antenna (4) are installed above the floating platform (1), and a winch (13) is installed below the floating platform (1) , the hoist (13) is connected to the underwater measuring piece unit through a cable (5); The underwater measuring piece unit includes an equipment box (6), a measuring frame (7) and a collection box (8); The bottom surface of the collection box (8) can adhere algae cells, wherein the bottom surface of the collection box (8) is distributed with a plurality of small holes, the collection box (8) is equipped with an algae flocculant, and the algae flocculant passes through the collection box (8) The small holes on the bottom surface ooze out to form glue droplets, and the glue droplets are attached to the bottom surface of the collection box (8) to adhere to the algae cells that migrate vertically and float up; The bottom surface of the collection box (8) is also provided with a roll material (15), which can adhere to the algal cells that have broken away from the bottom surface of the collection box (8), wherein the roll material (15) is separated by an interval Distributed waterproof viscous film is formed, and the edge of coiled material (15) has flexible nylon rope, and each piece of waterproof viscous film is fixed on the nylon rope at intervals, in order to adhere to the algae cells that have broken away from the bottom surface of the collection box (8); A laser light source (11) and a fluorescent receiver (12) are installed on the described measuring frame (7), and the laser light source (11) emits laser light on the coil (15) so as to excite the adhering on the coil (15). The algae cells emit fluorescence, and the fluorescent signal generated is received by the fluorescent receiver (12); A first reel (9) is installed on one side of the collection box (8), a second reel (10) is installed on one side of the equipment case (6), and the coils (15) are respectively wound on the first reel (9) and on the second reel (10); A motor, a processor and a second wireless communicator are installed inside the equipment box (6), and the motor provides power for the second reel (10); The processor is used to control the start and stop of the underwater measuring piece unit, receive and process the fluorescent signal received by the fluorescent receiver (12) and convert it into a digital signal; The second wireless communicator is capable of wireless communication with the first wireless communicator (2), thereby transmitting the digital signal converted from the processor to the first wireless communicator. 2. The algae recovery and vertical migration monitoring device for early warning of water bloom according to claim 1, characterized in that, the floating platform (1) also includes a signal light (3), and the floating platform (1) is controlled by a light The first wireless communicator (2), the signal lamp (3), and the antenna (4) are made of foamed plastics and ensure that the first wireless communicator (2), the signal lamp (3), and the antenna (4) are exposed to the water surface; one end of the cable (5) is wound around the hoist (13) below the floating platform (1) On, the other end of the cable (5) is connected with the equipment box (6) of the underwater measuring piece unit. 3. The algae recovery and vertical migration monitoring device for early warning of water bloom according to claim 1, characterized in that, inside the collection box (8) there is a tooth plate (20) that can move up and down and an electromagnetic Iron (21) controls the lifting of tooth plate (20) by electromagnet (21). 4. The algae recovery and vertical migration monitoring device for early warning of water bloom according to claim 3, characterized in that, the lower surface of the tooth plate (20) inside the collection box (8) is distributed with a plurality of small teeth, and the teeth When the plate (20) falls, the small teeth on it engage with the apertures on the bottom surface of the collection box (8). 5. The algae recovery and vertical migration monitoring device for early warning of water bloom according to claim 4, characterized in that, each of the left and right sides of the collection box (8) has a support (14), and the engine drives The second reel (10) enables the transfer of the web (15) from the first reel (9) to the second reel (10) through the stand (14). 6. The algae recovery and vertical migration monitoring device for early warning of water bloom according to claim 5, characterized in that, the width (D) of the coiled material, the length (L1) of each waterproof viscous film and the waterproof The dimensions of the viscous film interval length (L2) were calculated by the following formulas: D=D8-10cm; L1=L8; L2=L8+H8; Wherein, D is the width of roll material (15), and L1 is the length of every waterproof viscous film, and L2 is the interval length of waterproof viscous film, and D8 is the width of collection box (8), and L8 is the length of collection box (8), H8 is the height of collection box (8), and the unit is cm. 7. The algae recovery and vertical migration monitoring device for early warning of water bloom according to claim 6, characterized in that, when the tooth plate (20) falls, the small teeth on the tooth plate (20) pass through the collection The small holes on the bottom surface of the box (8) knock the algae cells attached to the bottom surface of the collection box (8) away from the bottom surface of the collection box (8) so that the algae cells adhere to the waterproof adhesive film of the coiled material (15). 8. The algae recovery and vertical migration monitoring device for early warning of water bloom according to claim 7, wherein the laser light source (11) emits a laser with a wavelength range of 400nm to 700nm and a light intensity range of 8mW To 12mW, the illumination range projected on the coiled material (15) is greater than the area of a piece of waterproof adhesive film on the coiled material (15). 9. The algae recovery and vertical migration monitoring device for algae bloom warning according to claim 5, characterized in that at least two corners above the tooth plate (20) are respectively fixed with a vertical thin Rod (17), a magnet (18) is affixed to the top of the thin rod (17), and one end of the thin rod (17) is connected to a connecting rod (19) and is connected to the end of the support (14) by the connecting rod (19) . 10. The algae recovery and vertical migration monitoring device for early warning of water bloom according to claim 9, characterized in that, the center of the connecting rod (19) is hinged on the side wall of the collection box (8), and the support ( A sleeve (16) is arranged on each vertical bar of 14), and the sleeve (16) is fixed on the side wall of the collection box (8) or the equipment box (6), and the inner surface of the sleeve (16) has a circle rubber. 11. A monitoring method, the monitoring method is to use the algae recovery and vertical migration monitoring device for algae bloom warning described in any one of claims 1 to 10 to monitor algae recovery and vertical migration, wherein It is characterized in that the monitoring method includes the following steps: The first wireless communicator (2) receives the signal, sets the collection time interval Δt, and the hoist (13) starts to lower the underwater test piece unit into the water so that the algae cells adhere to the bottom surface of the collection box (8); After Δt time, the algal cells adhered to the bottom surface of the collection box (8) are separated from the bottom surface of the collection box (8) and adhered to the roll material (15); The laser light source (11) emits laser light to irradiate the coiled material (15) and excites the algae cells thereon to emit fluorescence, and generates a fluorescent signal which is received by the fluorescent receiver (12); The received fluorescent signal is processed and transmitted to the first wireless communicator (2). 12. The monitoring method according to claim 11, characterized in that, when the underwater measuring piece unit is lowered into the water, the distance from the bottom surface of the collection box (8) to the bottom mud surface is 10-20 cm. 13. The monitoring method according to claim 11, characterized in that, the collection time interval Δt is 0.75 hours to 1.5 hours. 14. The monitoring method according to claim 11, wherein the fluorescent signal is an optical signal, which is converted into a digital signal of algae quantity by the processor for storage and transmitted to the first wireless communication device through the second wireless communicator. Communicator (2).