CN103401079B - Antenna - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of mobile communication, and discloses an antenna, which is used for solving the technical problem of asymmetry of uplink and downlink in the prior art, and comprises: the antenna subarray is used for transmitting K paths of transmitting signals and receiving K paths of receiving signals; the ith feed network in the K feed networks is connected with the ith antenna array in the K antenna arrays; k combined shunt filters connected to the K feed networks one by one; and the processing module is connected with the K combined shunt filter and used for obtaining the K transmitting signals based on the N transmitting signals and obtaining the M receiving signals based on the K receiving signals, wherein N and M are different positive integers. Due to the fact that appropriate N and M values can be determined according to expected data transmission rates of a data sending end and a data receiving end, the uplink and downlink rates are matched, and the technical effect of uplink and downlink symmetry is achieved.

Description

an antenna

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of mobile communication, in particular to an antenna.

Background technique

With the rapid development of mobile communication technology, people continue to put forward higher requirements for the capacity and transmission rate of the communication system. A series of network capacity improvement technologies and architectures have been proposed, and the antenna is an important part of the mobile communication system. Through The antenna base station can send the downlink signal from the base station to the user equipment to the user equipment, and can receive the uplink signal sent to the user equipment.

In order to increase the capacity of the base station system, antenna technology has been produced. Antennas are also called adaptive antennas, which specifically refer to the use of antenna arrays. According to the spatial characteristics of the signal, the weighting value can be adaptively adjusted to adjust its direction circle diagram to form multiple An adaptive beam to achieve the purpose of suppressing interference and extracting signals. In the uplink direction, different weights can be applied to the uplink signal through the antenna to amplify the signal from the target user while suppressing the signal interference from other users; while in the downlink direction, the weight can be used to amplify the downlink signal, and then Direct the transmission energy to the target user, while reducing the interference of users located in other directions of the base station.

Among them, the role of the antenna on the system mainly includes:

(1) Through the maximum ratio combination of multiple antenna channel power and array signal processing, the receiving sensitivity is obviously improved;

(2) The beamforming algorithm enables the base station to receive and transmit highly directivity for different users, so the interference between users can be well isolated in space;

(3) Spatial isolation of interference between users by beamforming;

(4) The flexible adjustment of the broadcast beam width can be realized through the beamforming algorithm, which makes the adjustment of the broadcast coverage of the cell can be realized through software algorithms (the broadcast beam of the conventional base station antenna is fixed and immutable, if you want to adjust the coverage, you must Replacing the antenna), thus significantly improving the efficiency of network optimization;

(5) By performing beamforming on the antenna array, the downlink signal can be aimed at one user (or several users in different locations), which is equivalent to increasing the effective transmission power of the transmitter.

At present, under normal circumstances, time-division duplex (TDD: time-division duplex) base stations use 8-antenna technology for data transmission; frequency-division duplex (FDD: Frequency Division Duplexing) base stations use 2-antenna technology for data transmission.

In the above scheme, the number of transmit channels and receive channels of the base station is the same, but because the power of the antennas of the base station and the terminal is not the same, the transmission rate of the base station will be greater than the reception rate, that is to say, there is a problem in the prior art The technical problem of the asymmetry between uplink and downlink.

Contents of the invention

An embodiment of the present invention provides an antenna, which is used to solve the technical problem of data uplink and downlink asymmetry in the prior art.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, an antenna is provided, including: an antenna sub-array, the antenna sub-array includes K antenna elements, and the antenna sub-array is used to transmit K transmission signals and receive K reception signals, wherein K is a positive integer; K feeding networks, the i-th feeding network in the K feeding networks is connected to the i-th antenna element in the K antenna elements, wherein, the i is any one from 1 to K Integer, the K feeding networks are used to provide the K transmission signals to the K antenna elements and to obtain the K reception signals from the K antenna elements; K combination split filters, and the K feed The electrical networks are connected one by one, and the K-combination split filter is used to merge and process the K-channel transmit signal and the K-channel receive signal; the processing module is connected to the K-combination split filter, and the processing module is used for processing based on N The K transmission signals are obtained from the transmission signals of the K transmission signals, and the M reception signals are obtained based on the K reception signals, wherein N and M are different positive integers.

In combination with the first aspect, in the first possible implementation manner,

The processing module includes:

The N-drive K transmission signal processing module is used to process the N-channel transmission signal to obtain the K-channel transmission signal;

The M drive K receiving signal processing module is used to: process the K receiving signal to obtain the M receiving signal;

or

The processing modules include:

N drive K transmission signal processing module, configured to process the N transmission signals to obtain the K transmission signals;

M drives the K receiving signal processing module, which is used to: directly use the K receiving signal as the M transmitting signal, and at this time, M and K are the same positive integer;

or

The processing modules include:

The N-drive K transmission signal processing module is used to directly use the N-channel transmission signal as the K-channel transmission signal, and at this time, N and K are the same positive integer;

The M drives the K receiving signal processing module, configured to: process the K receiving signals to obtain the M receiving signals.

In combination with the first possible implementation of the first aspect, in the second possible implementation, when N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, the N drives K to transmit a signal processing module, specifically: a combiner, performing combination processing on at least two of the N transmission signals to obtain the K transmission signals; or

The N-drive K transmission signal processing module is specifically: a power divider, which is used to perform branch processing on at least one transmission signal among the N transmission signals, and then obtain the K transmission signal; or

When N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, the N-driven K transmission signal processing module specifically includes: a combiner, which is used to combine at least two transmission signals in the N transmission signals, and then obtain P transmission signals, wherein P is a positive integer less than N; and a power divider is used to split at least one of the transmission signals of the P transmission signals to obtain the K transmission signals; or

The N-drive K transmission signal processing module specifically includes: a power divider, which is used to perform branching processing on at least one transmission signal in the N transmission signals, and then obtain Q transmission signals, wherein Q is a positive signal greater than N an integer; and a combiner, configured to perform demultiplexing processing on at least two transmission signals in the Q transmission signals, so as to obtain the K transmission signals.

In combination with the first possible implementation of the first aspect, in the third possible implementation, when K is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, the M drives K to receive a signal processing module, specifically: a combiner, performing combination processing on at least two of the K received signals to obtain the M received signals; or

The M-driven K receiving signal processing module is specifically: a power divider, which is used to perform branching processing on at least one of the K receiving signals in the K receiving signals, and then obtain the M receiving signals; or

When K is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, the M drives the K receiving signal processing module, specifically including: a combiner, which is used to combine at least two of the K receiving signals to obtain R Road receiving signals, wherein, R is a positive integer less than K; and a power divider, which is used to perform branching processing on at least one of the R receiving signals, and then obtain the M receiving signals; or

The M-driven K receiving signal processing module specifically includes: a power divider, which is used to perform branching processing on at least one of the K receiving signals, and then obtain S receiving signals, wherein S is a positive signal greater than K an integer; and a combiner, configured to perform demultiplexing processing on at least two received signals of the S received signals, so as to obtain the M received signals.

In combination with the second possible implementation or the third possible implementation of the first aspect, in a fourth possible implementation, the N-driven K transmit signal processing module further includes: a first phase shifter configured to Performing phase-shift processing on at least one of the N transmission signals, the P transmission signal, the Q transmission signal, or the K transmission signal; or the M-drive K reception signal processing module, further comprising: the first Two phase shifters, used to perform phase shift processing on at least one of the K received signals, the R received signals, the S received signals, or the M received signals.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

Since an antenna is provided in the embodiment of the present application, wherein the antenna can process the N-channel transmission signals into K-channel transmission signals through the processing module and then transmit them, and can process the received K-channel reception signals into M-channel reception signals After that, N is a positive integer different from M, that is, an antenna for N sending and M receiving is provided, and then, the appropriate N and M values can be determined according to the expected data transmission rate of the data sending end and the receiving end, Then the uplink and downlink rates are matched, and the technical effect of uplink and downlink symmetry is achieved.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of an antenna in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a further detailed structural diagram of the antenna of the embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a structural diagram of an antenna for sending and receiving four in Embodiment 1 of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a horizontal plane beam comparison diagram of the transceiver port of the antenna of the one-transmit-four-receive antenna in Embodiment 1 of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a structural diagram of an antenna with two transmissions and one reception in Embodiment 2 of the present application;

FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a method for transmitting and receiving signals of an antenna in an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed ways

In order to solve the technical problem of uplink and downlink asymmetry existing in the prior art, an antenna is provided in an embodiment of the present invention, and the antenna can process the N-way transmission signals into K-way transmission signals through the processing module and then transmit them. In addition, the received K-channel received signals can be processed into M-channel received signals, wherein N is a positive integer different from M, that is, an antenna for N sending and M receiving is provided, and further, according to the data sending end and The expected data transmission rate at the receiving end, determine the appropriate N and M values, and then match the uplink and downlink rates, achieving the technical effect of uplink and downlink symmetry.

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments It is a part of embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

On the one hand, an embodiment of the present invention provides an antenna. Please refer to FIG. 1. The antenna specifically includes the following structure:

Antenna sub-array 10, the antenna sub-array includes K antenna elements 10a, the antenna sub-array 10 is used to transmit K-path transmission signals and receive K-path reception signals, wherein K is a positive integer;

K feeding networks 11, the i-th feeding network in the K feeding networks 11 is connected to the i-th antenna sub-array in the K antenna sub-arrays, wherein the i is any one of 1 to K Integer, the K feeding networks 11 are used to provide the K antenna elements with the K transmit signals and to obtain the K receive signals from the K antenna elements 10a;

The K combination split filter 12 is connected to the K feed networks 11 one by one, and the K combination split filter 12 is used to combine the K transmit signal and the K receive signal;

The processing module 13 is connected to the K combination and demultiplexing filter 12, and the processing module 13 is used to obtain the K transmission signals based on the N transmission signals and obtain the M reception signals based on the K reception signals, wherein N and M are different positive integers.

In a specific implementation process, the antenna sub-arrays 10 may be arranged horizontally or vertically.

The antenna element 10a can be a single polarization element or a dual polarization element, and if the antenna element 10a is a dual polarization element, then the antenna element 10 contains the same number of main polarization elements and cross poles If the data transmission situation on one polarization is only counted during statistics, then the antenna sub-array 10 includes K main polarization elements and K cross-polarization elements; if two polarization elements are counted direction, then the antenna sub-array 10 includes K/2 main polarization elements and K/2 cross-polarization elements;

In the specific implementation process, the K feeding networks 11 have a one-to-one correspondence relationship with the antenna element 10a, wherein, if the antenna element 10a is a dual-polarization element, then the feeding network 11 includes K main polarization The feed network and K cross-polarized feed networks, the K main polarized feed networks and the main polarized feed networks are connected to the main polarized elements in the antenna element 10a, and the K cross-polarized fed networks The network is connected to the cross-polarized elements in the antenna element 10a.

The K feeding networks 11 are specifically used to provide signal connections to the K antenna elements, that is, to send the K-channel received signals received by the K antenna elements to the processing module 12, and the processing module 12 The K channels of transmitted signals obtained through processing are transmitted to the antenna sub-array 10 .

Further, the K feeding networks 11 are also used for:

Adjust the vertical phases of the K antenna elements 10a, and then perform vertical phase shift processing on the K transmit signals and the K receive signals.

In the specific implementation process, the vertical phases of the antenna elements 10a connected to them can be adjusted respectively through the K feeding networks 11, and then the beam pointing of the antenna elements 10a in the vertical direction can be adjusted, and the K-channel transmission can be transmitted through the antenna subarray 10. When the signal is received or received by K channels, the phase of the K channels of transmitted signals or K channels of received signals will change, so that better transmission or reception effects can be obtained.

Wherein, please refer to Fig. 2, each combination demultiplexing filter in this K combination demultiplexing filter 12 can comprise following one or more submodules again:

A combiner 12a, the combiner is used to combine K-channel transmit signals and K-channel receive signals, for example: the K-channel transmit signals are 2.11GHz-2.17GHz, and the K-channel receive signals are 1.92GHz-1.98GHz GHz, then, the signals of these two frequency bands can be combined and processed;

The transmitting filter 12b, since the K-channel transmitting signal and the K-channel receiving signal are combined by the combiner 12a, the K-channel receiving signal may be transmitted to the transmitting channel of the K-channel transmitting signal through the combiner 12a, And then cause interference to the K road transmission signal, in order to prevent this situation, a transmission filter 12b can be set between the combiner 12a and the processing module 13, for filtering out other interference signals outside the transmission frequency band;

The receiving filter 12c, for the same reason, combines the K-channel transmit signal and the K-channel receive signal through the combiner 12a, so the K-channel transmit signal may also be transmitted to the K-channel receive signal through the combiner 12a The K-way receiving channels, and then cause interference to the K-way receiving signals, in order to prevent this situation, a receiving filter 12c can be set between the combiner 12a and the processing module 13 to filter out other interferences outside the receiving frequency band Signal.

In the specific implementation process, please continue to refer to Fig. 2, the processing module 13 can include the following structure again:

The N-drive K transmit signal processing module 13a, the N-drive K transmit signal processing module 13a is specifically used to obtain the K transmit signal based on the N transmit signal, wherein the N transmit signal is obtained from N data transmission ports , taking the equipment applied to the antenna as a base station as an example, then the N data sending ports are: the port where the antenna receives data from the base station, and the base station transmits downlink data to the The N-drive-K transmit signal processing module 13a then obtains the K-channel transmit signals through the N-driveK transmit signal processing module 13a.

The N-drive-K transmission signal processing module 13a can obtain the K-channel transmission signal in various ways, two of which are listed below for introduction, of course, in the specific implementation process, it is not limited to the following two situations.

In the first type, the N-drive-K transmit signal processing module 13a is configured to process the N-path transmit signals to obtain the K-path transmit signals.

In this case, the N-drive-K transmission signal processing module 13a can process the N transmission signals in various ways, and the corresponding functional modules are also different. The following four situations will be introduced, of course, in In the specific implementation process, it is not limited to the following four situations.

(1) When N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, the N drives K to transmit the signal processing module 12a, specifically:

The combiner is configured to perform combining processing on at least two transmission signals among the N transmission signals, so as to obtain the K transmission signals.

In the specific implementation process, based on the difference in the specifications of the combiner and the design of the antenna circuit, the combiner can perform combination processing on any of the N signals, for example: if The combiner is a two-input and one-out combiner, which can combine two signals of N transmission signals into one signal. If there are multiple two-input and one-out combiners, then N transmission signals can be combined The signals are grouped in pairs, and then processed separately through these multiple combiners; and if the combiner is a three-in-one-out combiner, then each three-way signal in the N-way transmitted signals can be combined into Signal all the way and so on.

In this case, the number of transmitted signals of K channels is smaller than that of transmitted signals of N channels.

(2) The N drives the K transmission signal processing module 13a, specifically:

The power splitter is configured to split at least one of the received signals among the N channels of transmitted signals, and then obtain the K channels of transmitted signals.

In the specific implementation process, according to the output, the power divider can usually be divided into one divided into two (that is, one input signal corresponds to two output signals), one divided into three (that is, one input signal corresponds to three output signals) and so on. Wherein, multiple transmission signals among the N transmission signals may be divided by multiple power splitters, so as to obtain the K transmission signals.

In this case, the number of K transmission signals is greater than the number of N transmission signals, and the N transmission signals are transmission signals sent by the base station or terminal via N data channels, so the number of data channels can be reduced, Furthermore, it has the technical effect of saving costs; and, since N is less than K, one data channel can correspond to multiple antenna elements, so through the flexible combination of these multiple antenna elements, the distribution of radiated energy in space can be changed to adopt the best The way to send signals has the technical effect of increasing the power of signal transmission.

(3) When N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, the N drives K to transmit the signal processing module 12a, specifically including:

A combiner, configured to combine at least two of the N transmission signals to obtain P transmission signals, where P is a positive integer smaller than N; and

The power splitter is configured to perform branching processing on at least one of the transmission signals of the P channels, and then obtain the K channels of transmission signals.

Specifically, part or all of the transmitted signals of the N channels are first combined and processed, and then the transmitted signals of the P channels obtained through the combined process are subjected to split processing to obtain the transmitted signals of the K channels. In this case, N can be smaller than K. For example: suppose N is 2 and K is 4. Then, a two-input and one-out combiner can be used first to combine two transmission signals into one transmission signal, and then pass A one-to-four power splitter, and then divide one transmission signal into four transmission signals; N can also be equal to K, for example: suppose N is 4, K is 4, among them, first pass two two-in and one-out combiners, Combine the four transmission signals into two transmission signals, and then divide one of the two transmission signals into three transmission signals through a three-way power divider, and then obtain four transmission signals; N can also be greater than K, for example: Assuming that N is 4 and K is 2, then the 4 transmission signals can be combined into one transmission signal through a four-in-one combiner first, and then one transmission signal can be divided into two transmission signals through a one-to-two power divider .

(4) The N-driven K transmit signal processing module specifically includes:

A power splitter, configured to split at least one of the N transmission signals to obtain Q transmission signals, where Q is a positive integer greater than N; and

The combiner is configured to perform splitting processing on at least two transmission signals of the Q transmission signals, so as to obtain the K transmission signals.

Specifically, it is to perform power division processing on the transmitted signals of N channels first, and then divide the power

The Q-channel transmission signal is combined and processed to obtain the K-channel transmission signal. In the specific implementation process, the processing process is similar to the process of first processing through a combiner and then processing through a power divider, so it will not be described in detail here. , in this case, there is no size limit for N and K, that is, N can be larger than K, smaller than K, or equal to K.

In the above scheme (3) and scheme (4), the purpose of processing N transmission signals into K transmission signals can be realized through the flexible combination of combiner and power divider, wherein the size of N and K can be Random combination, therefore, has the technical effect of converting N-channel transmission signals into K-channel transmission signals more flexibly.

In the second type, the N-drive-K transmit signal processing module 13a is used to directly use the N-path transmit signals as the K-path transmit signals, and at this time, N and K are the same positive integer.

Specifically, that is, the N-drive-K transmission signal processing module 13a provides a transparent transmission function, and directly transmits the N transmission signals obtained by the N data transmission ports based on the data transmission channel of the antenna, and does not need to be quantified Change.

Further, in the specific implementation process, the N-drive K transmit signal processing module also includes:

The first phase shifter is configured to perform phase shift processing on at least one of the N transmission signals, the P transmission signals, the Q transmission signals, or the K transmission signals.

The role of the first phase shifter here is mainly to change the phase angle of at least one of the previous transmission signals, thereby generating a deflected beam, and then changing the beam direction of the at least one transmission signal, so that the transmission signal can have a better coverage Range, in order to achieve a better launch effect.

Specifically, that is, in any process of sending the transmitted signal from the antenna, the phase of the transmitted signal can be adjusted through the first phase shifter. Based on the difference between the N and K transmitted signal processing modules, the first The phase shifting processing of the transmitted signal by the phase shifter may include one or more of the following situations, of course, in the specific implementation process, it is not limited to the following situations.

(1) Before obtaining K transmission signals based on the N transmission signals, at least one transmission signal in the N transmission signals is phase-shifted;

In this case, the N-drive-K transmission signal processing module may be any one of the four N-drive K transmission signal processing modules introduced above.

In addition, the acquisition of K transmission signals based on N transmission signals here may be to use the N transmission signals as the K transmission signals, or to process the N transmission signals into the K transmission signals. No limit.

(2) performing phase-shifting processing on at least one of the P transmission signals before performing demultiplexing processing on at least one of the P transmission signals;

In this case, the N-drive K transmit signal processing module is the (3) N-drive K transmit signal processing module introduced above.

(3) performing phase-shifting processing on at least one of the Q-path transmit signals before performing demultiplexing processing on at least two of the Q-path transmit signals;

In this case, the N-drive K transmit signal processing module is the (4) N-drive K transmit signal processing module introduced above.

(4) After acquiring K transmission signals based on the N transmission signals, performing phase shift processing on at least one transmission signal among the K transmission signals.

In this case, the N-drive-K transmission signal processing module may be any one of the four N-drive K transmission signal processing modules introduced above.

In addition, the acquisition of K transmission signals based on N transmission signals here may be to use the N transmission signals as the K transmission signals, or to process the N transmission signals into the K transmission signals. No limit.

The M-driven K receiving signal processing module 13b, the M-driving K receiving signal processing module 12b is specifically used to obtain the M-channel receiving signal through the K-channel receiving signal, and the M-driving K receiving signal processing module 12b can obtain the M-channel receiving signal in various ways. M channels of receiving signals, two methods are described below, of course, in the specific implementation process, it is not limited to the following two methods.

In the first type, the M drives the K receiving signal processing module 13b, which is used to process the K receiving signal to obtain the M receiving signal;

In this case, the M-driver-K receiving signal processing module 12b can process the K-channel receiving signal in multiple ways, and the functional modules it contains are also different, four of which are listed below for introduction, of course, In the specific implementation process, it is not limited to the following four situations.

(1) When K is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, the M drives the K receiving signal processing module 12b, specifically:

A combiner, configured to combine at least two of the K received signals to obtain the M received signals;

Since the method of processing K-channel received signals into M-channel received signals based on the combiner is similar to the above-mentioned method of processing N-channel transmit signals into K-channel transmit signals based on the combiner, it is not repeated here.

In the above solution, since K received signals are combined into M received signals, the number of data channels for data reception is reduced, which has the technical effect of reducing costs, and also facilitates subsequent processing of received signals.

(2) The M drives the K receiving signal processing module 13b, specifically:

A power splitter, configured to perform branch processing on at least one of the received signals of the K received signals, and then obtain the M received signals;

Since the method of processing K-channel received signals into M-channel received signals based on the power divider is similar to the method of processing N-channel transmit signals into K-channel transmit signals based on the power divider described above, it will not be repeated here.

(3) When K is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, the M drives the K receiving signal processing module 12b, specifically including:

A combiner, configured to combine at least two of the K received signals to obtain R received signals, where R is a positive integer smaller than K; and

A power splitter, configured to perform branching processing on at least one of the R received signals to obtain the M received signals;

Since the method of processing K-channel received signals into M-channel received signals based on the combiner and then through the power divider is the same as the method of processing N-channel transmitted signals into K-channel transmitted signals based on the combiner and power divider described above The method is similar, so it will not be repeated here.

(4) the M drives the K receiving signal processing module 13b, specifically comprising:

A power splitter, configured to split at least one of the K received signals to obtain S received signals, where S is a positive integer greater than K; and

The combiner is configured to perform branch processing on at least two received signals of the S received signals, so as to obtain the M received signals.

Since the method of processing K-channel received signals into M-channel received signals based on the power divider and then through the combiner is the same as the method of processing N-channel transmitted signals into K-channel transmitted signals based on the power divider and combiner described above similar, so it will not be repeated here.

In the above scheme (3) and scheme (4), any number of M channels of received signals can be generated through the flexible combination of the combiner and the power divider, and the size of M and K is not limited, so it is possible to generate M channels A more flexible technical effect in the way the signal is received.

In the second type, the M drives the K receiving signal processing module 13b, which is specifically configured to: directly use the K receiving signals as the M receiving signals, and at this time, M and K are the same positive integer. Specifically, the M-drive K receiving signal processing module 12b provides a transparent transmission function, does not change the number of K-channel received signals, but directly uses them as M-channel received signals for subsequent processing.

Further, the M-driven K receiving signal processing module also includes:

The second phase shifter is configured to perform phase shift processing on at least one of the K received signals, the R received signals, the S received signals, or the M received signals.

The function of the second phase shifter here is mainly to change the phase angle of at least one path of the received signal in front, thereby generating a deflected beam, and then changing the beam direction of the at least one path of the received signal, so that the received signal can have a better coverage range for better reception.

Specifically, that is, in any process of receiving the received signal by the antenna, the phase of the received signal can be adjusted by the second phase shifter. The phase-shifting processing of the transmitted signal by the phaser may include one or more of the following situations. Of course, in the specific implementation process, it is not limited to the following situations.

(1) Before acquiring the M-path received signals based on the K-path received signals, at least one of the K-path received signals is subjected to phase-shifting processing;

In this case, the M-drive-K receive signal processing module can be any one of the four N-drive K transmit signal processing modules introduced above.

In addition, the acquisition of M-channel received signals based on the K-channel received signals here may be to use the K-channel received signals as the M-channel received signals, or to process the K-channel received signals into the M-channel received signals. No limit.

(2) Before demultiplexing at least one of the R received signals, performing phase shift processing on at least one of the R received signals;

In this case, the M-drive K receiving signal processing module is the (2) M-drive K receiving signal processing module introduced above.

(3) performing phase-shifting processing on at least one of the S received signals before performing demultiplexing processing on at least two of the S received signals;

In this case, the M-drive K receiving signal processing module is the (3) M-drive K receiving signal processing module introduced above.

(4) After acquiring M channels of received signals based on the K channels of received signals, performing phase shift processing on at least one of the M channels of received signals.

In this case, the M-drive-K receive signal processing module can be any one of the four N-drive K transmit signal processing modules introduced above.

In addition, the acquisition of M-channel received signals based on the K-channel received signals here may be to use the K-channel received signals as the M-channel received signals, or to process the K-channel received signals into the M-channel received signals. No limit. In the specific implementation process, after the M-channel receiving signal is obtained based on the M-drive K receiving signal processing module 12b, it can be transmitted to the external processing module through the M data receiving ports of the antenna for processing, or the antenna is used as the Taking an antenna applied to a base station as an example, the M data receiving ports are ports through which the antenna transmits data to the base station.

In the specific implementation process, in order to be able to solve the technical problem of uplink and downlink asymmetry, it is necessary to set N and M differently. Therefore, the N drives K transmit signal processing module 12a and the M drives K receive signal processing module Only one of 12b can provide the transparent transmission function at most, and of course, none of them can provide the transparent transmission function.

In addition, in the specific implementation process, the data sending end or the data receiving end can realize the transparent transmission function, so only one end needs to perform signal conversion, thus reducing the number of functional modules for signal processing, further reducing costs technical effect.

In addition, in the specific implementation process, when the antenna elements included in the antenna sub-array 20 are dual-polarized elements, it is also possible to only count the data transmission and reception of the same polarization, for example: suppose that the antenna includes 4 antenna elements Array 10, wherein, there are 4 main polarized antenna elements and 4 cross polarized antenna elements; there are 4 main feed networks corresponding to the 4 main polarized antenna elements, and there are 4 cross polarized antenna elements corresponding to the 4 cross polarized elements Feed network; wherein, one transmission signal is divided into four transmission signals through a one-to-four power divider, and then sent through four main polarized antenna elements, and the other transmission signal is divided into four transmission channels through a one-to-four power divider The signal is then transmitted through the 4 cross-polarized antenna elements; when receiving data, the 4 received signals received by the 4 main polarized antenna elements and the 4 received signals received by the 4 cross-polarized antenna elements are directly It is transmitted to the external signal processing unit through the transparent transmission function. In this case, only the data transmission on one polarization is counted, that is, N=1, K=4, M=4; the statistics on the two polarization directions In the case of data transmission, that is, N=2, K=8, M=8.

Further, in the specific implementation process, when the antenna elements included in the antenna sub-array 20 are dual-polarized elements, the N+K transmit signal processing module 12a may only include one group, that is, the main polarization and the cross The signals of the main polarization and the cross-polarization are combined and processed, and two groups can also be included, that is, the signals of the main polarization and the cross-polarization are processed separately, and if the signals of the main polarization and the cross-polarization are processed separately, the main polarization can be reduced. The degree of correlation between the polarization signal and the cross-polarization signal, so as to achieve a better polarization effect; similarly, the M-drive K-reception signal processing module 12b can only include one group, and then combine the main polarization signal and the cross-polarization signal The processing may also include two groups, so that the main polarization signal and the cross polarization signal are processed separately, so as to achieve a better polarization effect.

Furthermore, the sizes of N and M are also different based on different application scenarios. For example, assuming that the antenna is located on the base station side, then the receiving rate of the base station side will be small due to the relatively small transmit power of the antenna of the terminal corresponding to it. , in this case, in order to ensure the symmetry of the uplink and downlink, it is necessary to increase the data receiving channel, that is, M is greater than N; and assuming that the antenna is located on the terminal side, because the data transmission power of the corresponding base station is relatively large, so the As a result, the data receiving rate on the terminal side is greater than the data sending rate. In this case, it is necessary to increase the data sending channel, that is, N is greater than M. Of course, the above two cases are just examples of two possible application scenarios, but in a specific implementation process, the corresponding relationship between N and M is not limited to the above two cases.

In addition, in the specific implementation process, there is no distinction between N, M and K, that is, N and N can be greater than K, less than K, or equal to K, but as a preferred embodiment, N or M is smaller than K, because N transmission signals correspond to the data channel for data transmission of the antenna, M corresponds to the data channel for data reception of the antenna, and K corresponds to the physical channel carried by the antenna, and if the number of data channels is large If , it will lead to an increase in the manufacturing cost of the antenna. Therefore, when N or M is smaller than K, it has the technical effect of saving the manufacturing cost of the antenna.

The following describes the antenna in the present invention through several specific embodiments, and the following embodiments mainly introduce several possible structures of the antenna. It should be noted that the embodiments in the present invention are only used to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention. All embodiments conforming to the concept of the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention, and those skilled in the art naturally know how to make modifications according to the concept of the present invention.

Embodiment one

In this embodiment, a transmit-and-receive antenna is provided (only the signals transmitted and received on the same polarization side are counted), please refer to FIG. 3, the antenna specifically includes the following structure:

Antenna sub-arrays 30, wherein the number of antenna sub-arrays 30 is 4, and the antenna sub-arrays 30 are evenly arranged at a horizontal interval of 75mm; That is, the antenna sub-array 30 includes 4 sets of dual-polarization elements, that is, 4 main polarization elements and 4 cross-polarization elements. In addition, the bandwidth of the antenna sub-array 30 is 1.7-2.69 GHz, and the horizontal interval of 75 mm at 2 GHz is 0.5 wavelength. At this time, the beam width of the horizontal plane pattern of the antenna sub-array is 90 degrees, and the gain is 15 dBi.

Feed network 31, the feed network 31 includes 4 main polarization feed networks and 4 cross polarization feed networks, the 4 main polarization feed networks and the 4 main polarization feed networks in the antenna sub-array 30 The antenna elements are connected one by one to provide signal connections for the 4 main polarization elements respectively; the 4 cross-polarized feed networks are connected to the 4 cross-polarized antenna elements in the antenna sub-array 30 one by one, respectively for the 4 A cross-polarization element provides signal connection;

Combining and splitting filters 32. There are 8 compositing and splitting filters 32 in total, which are respectively connected to 4 main polarization feeding networks and 4 cross polarizing feeding networks, wherein each combining and splitting filter 22 Specifically include the following structures:

The combiner 32a is connected to the feed network 31, and is used for combining the transmitting signal of 2.11GHz～2.17GHz and the receiving signal of 1.92GHz～1.98GHz;

A transmit filter 32b, connected to the combiner 32a, is used to filter out transmit signals with a frequency band of 2.11GHz-2.17GHz;

The receiving filter 32c is connected with the combiner 32a, and is used to filter out the receiving signal with a frequency range of 1.92GHz-1.98GHz.

The one-drive-four-transmission signal processing module 33 is connected with the transmit filter 32b. The one-drive-four transmission signal processing module 23 is a one-to-four power divider, and there are two one-to-four power dividers. The first one-to-four power divider The divider is connected with 4 transmit filters 32b connected to the main polarization feed network, and is used to convert the first transmit signal into 4 transmit signals passed to the main polar feed network; and the second one divides The four-way power divider is connected to the four transmit filters 32b connected to the cross-polarized feed network, and is used to convert the second transmit signal into four transmit signals to be transmitted to the cross-polar feed network.

Among them, as shown in Table 1, weights are assigned to the main polarizations corresponding to the amplitude and phase of the four transmission signals (wherein, the weight distribution of the cross polarization is the same as that of the main polarization):

Table 1

1 point 4 power splitter Subarray 1 port Subarray 2 ports Subarray 3 ports Subarray 4 ports amplitude 0.4 1 1 0.6 phase 0 -15 -5 175

4-drive-4 receiving signal processing module 34, wherein the 4-drive-4 receiving signal processing module is a signal transparent transmission processing module, that is, the 4-way receiving signal corresponding to the main polarization obtained by the receiving filter 32c and the crossover The 4 received signals corresponding to the polarization are directly transmitted to the external signal processing unit.

As shown in Figure 4, it is the horizontal plane beam contrast diagram of the transmitting and receiving ports of the above-mentioned antenna system. It can be seen from the figure that there is basically little difference between the horizontal plane pattern of the transmitting port and the horizontal plane pattern of the receiving port, that is, It shows that the uplink and downlink of the antenna are in a symmetrical state.

Embodiment two

Embodiment 2 of the present application provides a two-transmit-one-receive antenna, please refer to Figure 5, the antenna specifically includes:

The antenna sub-array 50, the number of the antenna sub-array 50 is K=8, consisting of 8 single-polarized antenna elements;

The feeding network 51 includes 8 in total, which are connected to the above-mentioned 8 single-polarized antenna elements one by one, and are used to send 8 transmission signals and receive 8 reception signals;

Combining and splitting filter 52, including 8 groups in total, is connected with feed network 51 one by one respectively, and wherein every combination splitting filter 25 comprises following structure again:

A combiner 52a, configured to combine the transmit signal with a frequency band of 2.11GHz to 2.17GHz and the receive signal with a frequency band of 1.92GHz to 1.98GHz;

A transmit filter 52b, connected to the combiner 52a, is used to filter out transmit signals with a frequency band of 2.11GHz-2.17GHz;

The receiving filter 52c is connected with the combiner 52a, and is used to filter out the receiving signal with a frequency range of 1.92GHz-1.98GHz.

The two-drive-eight transmission signal processing module 53 is connected with the transmission filter 52b, and the two-drive-eight transmission signal processing module 53 includes two one-point four splitters 53a, which are used to obtain two transmission signals from the data channel, and then respectively The two transmission signals are divided into one division and four power division processing, and then a total of 8 transmission signals are obtained;

One-drive-eight receiving signal processing module 55, wherein, the 1-drive-8 receiving signal processing module 55 includes two input-four-out-one combiner 55a and input-two-out-one combiner 55b, firstly through the input-four-out-one combiner 55a combines the eight received signals obtained by the receiving filter 22c into two received signals, and then combines the two received signals into one received signal through the input-two-out-one combiner 55b, and then transmits it to the external signal through the data receiving channel processing module.

On the other hand, based on the same inventive concept, the present invention provides a method for transmitting and receiving signals of an antenna through another embodiment of the present invention, which is the method used for transmitting and receiving signals by the antenna introduced in the embodiments of this application . This method is applied in the antenna, please continue to refer to Fig. 1, this antenna comprises: Antenna sub-array 10, this antenna sub-array 10 comprises K antenna elements 10a, wherein, K is a positive integer; K feeding networks 11, the K The i-th feed network in the feed network 11 is connected to the i-th antenna element in the K antenna elements 10a, wherein, the i is any integer from 1 to K; K combined shunt filter 12, It is connected to the K feeder networks 11 one by one.

Please refer to Figure 6, the method specifically includes the following steps:

Step S601: Acquire N transmission signals, where N is a positive integer;

Step S602: Obtain K transmission signals based on the N transmission signals, where K is a positive integer;

Step S603: receiving K channels of received signals through the antenna sub-array 10;

Step S604: Combining the K transmission signals and the K reception signals transmitted through the K feeding networks 11 through the K combining and demultiplexing filter 12;

Step S605: transmit the K transmission signals transmitted through the K feeding networks 11 through the antenna sub-array 10;

Step S606: Acquire M channels of received signals based on the K channels of received signals, where M is a positive integer different from N.

In the specific implementation process, step S605 and step S606 are executed in no order, that is, step S605 or step S606 may be executed first, or both may be executed at the same time, which is not limited by this embodiment of the present invention.

Further, before transmitting the K-channel transmit signal based on step S605, the method further includes:

Perform vertical phase-shift processing on the K-channel transmit signal; or

After receiving the K-channel received signal, the method also includes:

Perform vertical phase shift processing on the K-channel received signals.

Further, in step S602, the acquisition of K transmission signals based on the N transmission signals is specifically:

Process the N-channel transmission signals to obtain the K-channel transmission signals; or

The N-channel signals are directly used as the K-channel transmit signals, where N and K are the same positive integer.

Further, when N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, the N-channel transmission signals are processed to obtain the K-channel transmission signals, specifically:

performing combination processing on at least two of the N transmission signals to obtain the K transmission signals; or

The N-channel transmission signals are processed to obtain the K-channel transmission signals, specifically:

for performing split processing on at least one of the N transmission signals to obtain the K transmission signals; or

When N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, the N-channel transmission signals are processed to obtain the K-channel transmission signals, specifically including:

Combine at least two transmission signals among the N transmission signals to obtain P transmission signals, where P is a positive integer smaller than N; and

Perform splitting processing on at least one of the transmission signals of the P channels to obtain the K transmission signals; or

The N-channel transmission signals are processed to obtain the K-channel transmission signals, which specifically include:

Perform splitting processing on at least one of the N transmission signals to obtain Q transmission signals, where Q is a positive integer greater than N; and

Perform splitting processing on at least two transmission signals in the Q transmission signals to obtain the K transmission signals.

Further, in step S606, the M-channel received signals are acquired based on the K-channel received signals, specifically:

Process the K-channel received signals to obtain the M-channel received signals; or

The K channels of received signals are directly used as the M channels of received signals, where K and M are the same positive integer.

Further, when K is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, the K-channel received signals are processed to obtain the M-channel received signals, specifically:

performing combination processing on at least two of the K received signals to obtain M received signals; or

The K-channel received signals are processed to obtain the M-channel received signals, specifically:

Perform splitting processing on at least one of the received signals of the K received signals, and then obtain the M received signals;

When K is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, the K-channel received signals are processed to obtain the M-channel received signals, specifically including:

performing combination processing on at least two of the K received signals to obtain R received signals; and

Perform splitting processing on at least one of the R received signals to obtain the M received signals; or

The K-channel receiving signals are processed to obtain the M-channel receiving signals, specifically including:

Perform splitting processing on at least one of the K received signals to obtain S received signals, where S is a positive integer greater than K; and

Demultiplexing is performed on at least two received signals of the S received signals, so as to obtain the M received signals.

Further, before obtaining K transmission signals based on the N transmission signals, the method further includes:

performing phase-shift processing on at least one of the N transmission signals; or

Before branching and processing at least one of the P transmission signals, the method further includes:

performing phase-shift processing on at least one of the P transmission signals; or

Before performing demultiplexing processing on at least two transmission signals in the Q transmission signals, the method further includes:

performing phase shift processing on at least one of the Q transmission signals; or

After acquiring K transmission signals based on the N transmission signals, the method further includes:

performing phase-shift processing on at least one of the K transmission signals; or

Before acquiring the M-channel received signals based on the K-channel received signals, the method also includes:

performing phase shift processing on at least one of the K received signals; or

Before performing demultiplexing processing on at least one of the R received signals, the method further includes:

performing phase shift processing on at least one of the R received signals; or

Before branching the at least two received signals in the S received signals, the method further includes:

performing phase shift processing on at least one of the S received signals; or

After obtaining the M-channel received signals based on the K-channel received signals, the method also includes:

Perform phase shift processing on at least one of the received signals of the M received signals.

Since the method of transmitting and receiving signals of the above-mentioned antenna is the implementation method of the antenna introduced in the embodiment of the present invention, based on the antenna introduced in the embodiment of the present invention, those skilled in the art can understand the signal of the antenna introduced in the embodiment of the present invention The specific implementation process of the sending and receiving method will not be described in detail here.

One or more technical solutions provided by this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

(1) Since an antenna is provided in the embodiment of the present application, wherein, the antenna can process the N-way transmission signals into K-way transmission signals through the processing module and then transmit them, and can process the received K-way reception signals into M After receiving the signal, N is a positive integer different from M, that is, an antenna with N sending and M receiving is provided, and then, the appropriate data transmission rate can be determined according to the expected data transmission rate of the antenna at the data sending end and the receiving end. The values of N and M further match the uplink and downlink rates, achieving the technical effect of uplink and downlink symmetry.

(2) Since in the embodiment of the present application, when acquiring K transmitting signals through N transmitting signals and obtaining M receiving signals through K receiving signals, any The N-channel received signal is converted into K-channel received signal and the K-channel received signal is converted into any M-channel received signal, so it has the technical effect that the signal conversion method is more flexible;

(3) Since in the embodiment of the present application, N or M can be less than K, that is, the number of data transmission channels or data reception channels of the signal is reduced, thereby having the technical effect of reducing costs; and, since N or M is less than K , so one data channel can correspond to multiple columns of antenna elements, so through the flexible combination of these multiple columns of antenna elements, the distribution of radiated energy in space can be changed to transmit signals in an optimal way, which has the technical effect of increasing signal transmission power.

(4) Since in the embodiment of the present application, the N-drive K transmit signal processing module or the M-drive K receive signal processing module can have a transparent transmission function, so it is only necessary to convert the signal when the signal is sent or received, thus reducing the cost the technical effect;

(5) Since in the embodiment of the present application, when the antenna is located on the base station side, M is controlled to be greater than N, thereby increasing the receiving power of the base station. In this case, it is possible to prevent the The resulting technical problem is that the receiving rate of the base station is small, thus achieving the technical effect of ensuring the symmetry of the uplink and downlink.

(6) Since in the embodiment of the present application, when the antenna is located on the terminal side, N is controlled to be greater than M, thereby increasing the transmit power of the terminal, thereby preventing the base station from having a lower receiving rate due to a lower transmit power of the terminal. Small technical problems, thus achieving the technical effect of ensuring the symmetry of the uplink and downlink.

While preferred embodiments of the invention have been described, additional changes and modifications to these embodiments can be made by those skilled in the art once the basic inventive concept is appreciated. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be construed to cover the preferred embodiment as well as all changes and modifications which fall within the scope of the invention.

Apparently, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention. In this way, if the modifications and variations of the embodiments of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and equivalent technologies, the present invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims (5)

1. an antenna, is characterized in that, comprising:

Antenna submatrix, described antenna submatrix comprises K antenna element, and described antenna submatrix transmits for launching K road and receives K road Received signal strength, and wherein, K is positive integer;

K feeding network, i-th feeding network in a described K feeding network is connected with i-th antenna element in a described K antenna element, wherein, described i is arbitrary integer of 1 to K, and a described K feeding network is used for providing described K road to transmit to a described K antenna element and for obtaining described K road Received signal strength from a described K antenna element;

K combines branching filter, is connected one by one with a described K feeding network, and described K combines branching filter and is used for transmitting to described K road and described K road Received signal strength carries out merging treatment;

Processing module, combines branching filter with described K and is connected, and described processing module obtains described K road for transmitting based on N road and transmits and obtain M road Received signal strength based on described K road Received signal strength, and wherein, N and M is different positive integer.

2. antenna as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that,

Described processing module comprises:

N drives K and to transmit processing module, carries out process obtain described K road and transmit for transmitting to described N road;

M drives K Received signal strength processing module, for: process is carried out to described K road Received signal strength and obtains described M road Received signal strength;

Or

Described processing module comprises:

N drives K and to transmit processing module, carries out process obtain described K road and transmit for transmitting to described N road;

M drives K Received signal strength processing module, for: directly transmitted as described M road by described K road Received signal strength, now M and K is identical positive integer;

Or

Described processing module comprises:

N drives K and to transmit processing module, and directly transmit as described K road for being transmitted on described N road, now N and K is identical positive integer;

M drives K Received signal strength processing module, for: process is carried out to described K road Received signal strength and obtains described M road Received signal strength.

3. antenna as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, when N is the positive integer being more than or equal to 2, described N drives K and to transmit processing module, is specially:

Mixer, transmits at least two-way in transmitting to described N road and carries out the process of conjunction road, and then obtains described K road and transmit; Or

Described N drives K and to transmit processing module, is specially:

Power splitter, transmits at least one road in transmitting to described N road and carries out shunt process, and then obtains described K road and transmit; Or

When N is the positive integer being more than or equal to 2, described N drives K and to transmit processing module, specifically comprises:

Mixer, transmits at least two-way in transmitting to described N road and carries out the process of conjunction road, and then obtains P road and transmit, and wherein, P is the positive integer being less than N; And

Power splitter, transmits at least one road in transmitting to described P road and carries out shunt process, and then obtains described K road and transmit; Or

Described N drives K and to transmit processing module, specifically comprises:

Power splitter, transmits at least one road in transmitting to described N road and carries out shunt process, and then obtains Q road and transmit, and wherein, Q is the positive integer being greater than N; And

Mixer, transmits at least two-way in transmitting to described Q road and carries out shunt process, and then obtains described K road and transmit.

4. antenna as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, when K is the positive integer being more than or equal to 2, described M drives K Received signal strength processing module, is specially:

Mixer, for carrying out the process of conjunction road at least two-way Received signal strength in the Received signal strength of described K road, and then obtains described M road Received signal strength; Or

Described M drives K Received signal strength processing module, is specially:

Power splitter, for carrying out shunt process at least one road Received signal strength in the Received signal strength of described K road, and then obtains described M road Received signal strength; Or

When K is the positive integer being more than or equal to 2, described M drives K Received signal strength processing module, specifically comprises:

Mixer, for carrying out the process of conjunction road at least two-way Received signal strength in the Received signal strength of described K road, and then obtain R road Received signal strength, wherein, R is the positive integer being less than K; And

Power splitter, for carrying out shunt process at least one road Received signal strength in the Received signal strength of described R road, and then obtains described M road Received signal strength; Or

Described M drives K Received signal strength processing module, specifically comprises:

Power splitter, for carrying out shunt process at least one road Received signal strength in the Received signal strength of described K road, and then obtain S road Received signal strength, wherein, S is the positive integer being greater than K; And

Mixer, for carrying out shunt process at least two-way Received signal strength in the Received signal strength of described S road, and then obtains described described M road Received signal strength.

5. the antenna as described in claim 3 or 4, is characterized in that, described N drives K and to transmit processing module, also comprises:

First phase shifter, at least one road for transmitting to described N road, during described P road transmits, described Q road transmits or described K road transmits sends signal and carries out phase shift process; Or

Described M drives K Received signal strength processing module, also comprises:

Second phase shifter, for carrying out phase shift process at least one road Received signal strength in described K road Received signal strength, described R road Received signal strength, described S road Received signal strength or described M road Received signal strength.