CN1033989A - 制备1,1,1-三氟二氯乙烷和1,1,1,2-四氟氯乙烷的改进方法 - Google Patents
制备1,1,1-三氟二氯乙烷和1,1,1,2-四氟氯乙烷的改进方法 Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
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- C07C19/00—Acyclic saturated compounds containing halogen atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C17/00—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons
- C07C17/07—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by addition of hydrogen halides
- C07C17/087—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by addition of hydrogen halides to unsaturated halogenated hydrocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C17/00—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons
- C07C17/093—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by replacement by halogens
- C07C17/20—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by replacement by halogens of halogen atoms by other halogen atoms
- C07C17/21—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by replacement by halogens of halogen atoms by other halogen atoms with simultaneous increase of the number of halogen atoms
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Abstract
制备1,1,1-三氟二氯乙烷和/或1,1,1,2-四
氟氯乙烷的改进气相方法,于热解(NH4)2Cr2O3制
备的Cr2O3存在下,将适宜的四卤乙烯和/或五卤
乙烷与氟化氢接触,此反应在受控条件下进行,从而
使五氟乙烷的产量减至最小。
Description
制备1,1,1-三氟二氯乙烷和/或1,1,1,2-四氟氯乙烷的改进方法,具体地说,于热解重铬酸铵制备的Cr2O3催化剂存在下,将适宜的四卤乙烯和/或五卤乙烷与氟化氢进行气相反应,该反应是在受控条件下进行的,从而使五氟乙烷的产量减至最小。
加拿大专利1,196,345(1985)描述了在氟氧化铬存在下,在20-200℃,特别在60℃-180℃,把HF加到相应的乙烯中,制备CF3CHXY(X=H、F;Y=H、F、CL、Br、I)的方法。
美国专利3,755,477描述了制备氟化脂肪烃的方法,该方法包括用多级工艺制备的、蒸汽处理和煅烧的氧化铬催化剂存在下,将卤代脂肪烃,包括四氯乙烯和氯三氟乙烯在气相与HF进行氟化。第5栏实施例23说明了以四氯乙烯作为原料,在HF/C2Cl4摩尔比为10/1,接触时间5.4秒和反应温度360℃条件下,生成CF3CHCL2(20%),CF3CHCLF(20%),CF3CHF2(30%)和CF3CCLF2(20%)。第5栏实施例24说明了以氯三氟乙烯作为原料,在HF/C2CLF3摩尔比为1.8/1,接触时间4秒和反应温度320℃条件下,生成CF2=CF2(20%)和CF3CHCLF(13%)。在这些实施例中,得到的不希望的五氟代产物的量大于所希望的三和四氟产物的量。
美国专利3,258,500描述了HF和卤代烃,包括四氯乙烯和氯三氟乙烯催化汽相反应的方法,使用的催化剂主要由可载于氧化铝上的热活化的无水氧化铬(Ⅲ)组成。此催化剂的活性高。第14栏实施例17说明用此催化剂氟化四氯乙烯,像上述美国专利3,755,477那样,产生了大量不希望的高氟代的五氟乙烷。在400℃,产物分布是35.0%五氟乙烷,9.2%1-氯-1,2,2,2-四氟乙烷,和3.5%1,1-二氯-2,2,2-三氟乙烷。在300℃,该产物分布是38.3%1-氯-1,2,2,2-四氟乙烷,25.4%五氟乙烷,和16.0%1,1-二氯-2,2,2-三氟乙烷。第15栏实施例20说明在400℃由氯三氟乙烯生成CF3CHF2作为主要产物。
英国专利1,000,485描述了温度最好在200℃到400℃范围内在气相中氟化卤代链烯制备有机氟化合物的方法。该催化剂主要由浸渍一种或多种多价金属卤化物的部分氟化氧化铝组成。该多价金属可以是铬、钴、镍或锰。多价金属卤化物的总含量(用氧化物表示)不超过部分氟化(70-80%)的氧化铝(用氧化铝表示)的15%(重量)。实施例4(表4)说明四氯乙烯和HF在220~290℃下用这种催化剂的反应生成CF3CHCL2作为主要产物。此外,该专利说明如果该催化剂氟化过量,催化剂的活性就减弱(第3页,第2段,第85~87行)。
该文献没公开怎样使1,1,1-三氟二氯乙烷的产量超过1,1,1,2-四氟氯乙烷的产量,同时使这两种化合物加在一起的产量达到最大,超过高氟化产物的产量。
如在下文讨论的和实施例中说明的那样,通过催化剂的选择,控制各反应变量,使五氟乙烷的生成减少到最低限度,本发明的方法获得了所希望的高度选择性。
本发明发现通过氟化四卤乙烯(C2CL4-xFx,其中x=0-3)和/或五卤乙烷(C2HCL5-xFx,其中x=0-2)制备1,1,1-三氟二氯乙烷和/或1,1,1,2-四氟氯乙烷的方法,该方法包括:于有效的温度、摩尔比和接触时间下,将所说的四卤乙烯和/或五卤乙烷同HF和Cr2O3进行气相接触。所说的Cr2O3由热解(NH4)2Cr2O7制得;所说的接触制得的产物气流含有1,1,1-三氟二氯乙烷和/或1,1,1,2-四氟氯乙烷和五氟乙烷;所说的1,1,1-三氟二氯乙烷和/或1,1,1,2-四氟氯乙烷的量大于所产生的五氟乙烷的量。然后,将所说的1,1,1-三氟二氯乙烷和/或1,1,1,2-四氟氯乙烷从其产物气流中分离出来。
本发明的穆币蚁┯赏ㄊ紺2CL4-xFx定义,其中x=0-3,包括CCL2=CCL2、CCLF=CCL2、CCLF=CCLF、CF2=CCL2和CF2=CCLF及其混合物。本发明的五卤乙烷由通式C2HCL5-xFx定义,其中x=0-2,包括CCL3CHCL2、CCL2FCHCL2、CCL3CHCLF、CCLF2CHCL2和CCL2FCHCLF及其混合物。本发明的四卤乙烯和五卤乙烷在本技术领域是已知的。
本发明的Cr2O3催化剂通过热解重铬酸铵制备。热解指的是把重铬酸氨加热到足够的温度和足够的时间使下列反应基本完成:
例如,在500-700℃,最好540-640℃,在连续炉中把重铬酸铵加热5-20分钟,这样,重铬酸铵进行内部的氧化还原反应,主要产生水、氮和Cr2O3。除去水和氮之后,留下的Cr2O3细粉可以冷却和压紧以便增加其堆积密度,以便于处理。例如,所希望的堆积密度约为400-560Kg/m3,最好为448-512Kg/m3。
所得到的Cr2O3可含有少量的杂质,这是由于以(NH4)2Cr2O7为原料的制造方法所引起的。虽然其不完全破坏催化剂的效力,但作为杂质的钾对本发明催化剂的活性和寿命均有不利的影响。含钾100ppm或更少是所希望的。可以用水洗涤步骤减少该含量。当条件不严格时,水洗涤可包括形成含有5~15%,最好含有10%Cr2O3和去离子水的浆状物。在35-65℃搅拌该含水浆状物至少一个小时,最好两小时或更长时间。然后可用板式和框式压滤器过滤回收固体。分析滤饼中钾的含量。如果其含量是100ppm(重量)或更少(干基)的话,再将固体干燥。要不然,则重复洗涤步骤以得到所希望的钾含量。
催化剂的形式并不严格,可以片、粉末或颗粒使用。
例如,如果所希望的催化剂是片状的,那么5-15%,最好10%的乙酸铬,和1-5%,最好2%的石墨可加入干燥的固体中作为压片助剂。乙酸铬可以30-70%最好50%的水溶液加入。得到的糊状物可进行研磨以把各组分混合,然后压成所希望大小的片。最好是0.32Cm×0.32Cm的圆柱。这些片可以在80-120℃,最好在105℃下干燥8~48小时,最好16~24小时。最好尺寸的Cr2O3片的堆积密度是1120-1440Kg/m3,Cr2O3片的表面积是40-57m2/g,最好是45-55m2/g。孔容积是0.15-0.3cc/g,钾含量是100ppm或更少。
通常,所得到的Cr2O3用HF进行预处理。认为表面的一些氧化铬已转变成氟氧化铬。可以把Cr2O3装入适当的容器中完成预处理,该容器可以是用于进行本发明反应的反应器。此后,将HF通过热解和干燥的Cr2O3以使Cr2O3部分浸透HF。该步骤可方便的进行,例如在大约200℃到450℃的温度下,将HF通过Cr2O3一段时间,例如大约15至300分钟。本预处理的目的是防止由于高温偏差和催化剂结焦而损害催化剂。如果反应物,四卤乙烯和/或五卤乙烷与最初没有用HF限制一些氧化铬表面的催化剂接触而产生催化剂结焦。然而,预处理不是主要的;可以选择起始工艺条件和设备以便避免高温问题和催化剂的结焦。
最好在经预处理的本发明的催化剂存在下,反应物与HF的接触。在有效的温度、摩尔比和接触时间条件下进行。有效的温度、摩尔比和接触时间意指产生产物气流的温度、摩尔比和接触时间。该产物气流含有1,1,1-三氟二氯乙烷和/或1,1,1,2-四氟氯乙烷的量大于所产生的五氟乙烷的量。该温度可以是例如大约225℃到400℃,最好是225℃到250℃,接触时间例如大约0.1到100秒,较好大约10到90秒,而最好是大约15到90秒。
HF与反应物的摩尔比可以从大约1/1到20/1,较好大约3/1到10/1,而最好是大约4/1到6/1。
通常,温度越高,HF和反应物摩尔比就越大,接触时间就越长,反应物转变为氟化物的量就越大,原料的氟化度也就越大。以上的变量可以胶猓灰欢杂Γ珻F3CHCL2的生成比CF3CHCLF的生成更有利,而这两种化合物一起的产量达到最大限度,更高的氟化产物的产量达到最小限度。
本发明的关键特征是按需要选择催化剂和控制工艺条件,可以高的反应物转化率,一般大于30%,得到作为主要产物的三和四氟化产物,最好控制反应变量以至使按照用色谱法测定产生的气体产物中五氟化产物的量低于10%(面积)。因此,正如在用四氯乙烯的实施例中所说明的,甚至在高的四氯乙烯转化率时,以很高的收率得到三和四氟化产物,而较高的氟化产物的产量减至最小。
在反应过程中生成的中间产物,例如CHCLFCCLF2、CHCL2CCLF2、CCLF=CCL2和CHCL2CCL2F可以循环到反应器中以生成另外的CF3CHCL2和CF3CHCLF。此外,需要时,CF3CHCL2可以循环到反应器中以生成另外的CF3CHCLF的产品。
该反应物与HF的反应可以在任何适合的反应器中进行,包括固定床反应器和流化床反应器。反应器由用耐氟化氢腐蚀的材料制造,例如哈斯特洛伊耐蚀镍基合金(Hastelloy)和铬镍铁合金(Inconel)。
五氯乙烷可以直接送入反应器中,或者可以同时把三氯乙烯、氯和HF送入含有本发明催化剂的反应器中进行制备。
压力不是严格的,大气压力和高于大气压力是最方便的并且是最好的。
本发明制备的氟化烷烃具有实用性,可作为发泡剂,推进剂和冷冻剂。它们也可以用于制备其他有用的化合物的原料,例如CF3CHCLF可用于制备1,1,1,2-四氟乙烷。
实施例
在以下说明的实施例中,所有成分和百分数均按重量计,而除了另有说明,所有温度是摄氏温度。所有反应用仅含微量水的工业HF。
用于下述实施例中的热解Cr2O3催化剂用重铬酸铵制备。重铬酸铵的规格如下:
(NH4)2Cr2O7…… 99.5%
不溶物 …… 小于0.2%
铁 …… 小于100ppm
氯化物 …… 小于100ppm
硫酸盐 …… 小于500ppm
碱 …… 小于2000ppm
PH(8%(重量)水溶液)…… 3.2-4.0
用于下述实施例中Cr2O3的制备、干燥和压紧根据以下方法进行:
直径18英寸和长17英尺的连续旋转炉电加热到570~620℃。此时关掉该加热器并以280磅/小时的加料速度(停留时间=8分钟)把重铬酸铵加入炉中。重铬酸铵转变为Cr2O3基本上是定量的。由产生水、氮和Cr2O3的内部氧化/还原反应生成的热对保持所希望的反应温度是足够的。除去水和氮后,剩下的Cr2O3细粉末进行冷却和压紧,使堆积密度大约为448-512Kg/m3。
预处理方法
向反应器(内径0.5英寸,长12英寸的铬镍铁合金管)中装入下述实施例中所说明量的催化剂,此反应器放在砂浴中。此沙浴逐渐加热到400℃。氮气以50毫升/分钟流速通过反应器以除去微量的水。温度降到200℃,HF和氮气(摩尔比1∶4)通过反应器。氮流量随时间降低直至纯的HF通过反应器。此时,温度逐渐升至450℃并维持15到300分钟。
氟化方法
当保持HF流量时温度降低到给定值。此后,CCL2=CCL2流量开始。调节HF和CCL2=CCL2的流量,得到所给定的摩尔比和接触时间。
反应器流出物用氢氧化钾水溶液洗涤,除去HCL和HF,线上取样进行气相色谱分析,色谱分析用长20英尺直径1/8英寸的柱,柱中含有在惰性载体上的“Krytox”全氟化聚醚,氦载气流速35毫升/分钟。
实施例1-7
预处理和氟化方法如下。用38.1g(30CC)钾含量60ppm的Cr2O3作起始催化剂,以碎片(40-80目)形式装入。结果列于下表中。
Claims (11)
1、用氟化四卤乙烯,C2CL4-xFx,其中x=0-3,和/或五卤乙烷,C2HCL5-xFx,其中x=0-2,制备1,1,1-三氟二氯乙烷和/或1,1,1,2-四氟氯乙烷的方法,包括在有效的温度、摩尔比和接触时间条件下,将所说的四卤乙烯和/或五卤乙烷与HF和Cr2O3进行气相接触,所说的Cr2O3是热解(NH4)2Cr2O7制得的,所说的接触产生产物气流,该产物气流含有1,1,1-三氟二氯乙烷和/或1,1,1,2-四氟氯乙烷以及五氟乙烷,其中产生的所说的1,1,1-三氟二氯乙烷和/或1,1,1,2-四氟氯乙烷的量大于所产生的五氟乙烷的量;此后,从产物气流中分离1,1,1-三氟二氯乙烷和/或1,1,1,2-四氟氯乙烷。
2、根据权利要求1的方法,其中四卤乙烯是四氯乙烯。
3、根据权利要求1的方法,其中HF与四卤乙烯和/或五卤乙烷接触,摩尔比大约1/1到20/1,温度大约225℃到400℃和接触时间大约0.1秒到100秒。
4、根据权利要求3的方法,其中HF与四卤乙烯和/或五卤乙烷接触,摩尔比大约3/1到10/1,温度大约225℃到250℃和接触时间大约10秒到90秒。
5、根据权利要求4的方法,其中HF与四卤乙烯和/或五卤乙烷接触,摩尔比大约4/1到6/1,温度大约225℃到250℃和接触时间大约15秒到90秒。
6、根据权利要求1的方法,其中四卤乙烯和/或五卤乙烷转变为氟化产物的转化率是大约30%到100%。
7、根据权利要求1的方法,其中按照气相色谱分析产物气流中五氟乙烷的量小于10%(面积)。
8、根据权利要求1的方法,还包括至少部分原料和低氟化产物的循环步骤。
9、根据权利要求1的方法,其中Cr2O3含有100ppm或少于100ppm的钾。
10、根据权利要求1的方法,其中在接触步骤之前,Cr2O3用氟化氢气体通过进行预处理。
11、根据权利要求10的方法,其中预处理在大约200℃到450℃下进行大约15到300分钟。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US07/111,292 US4843181A (en) | 1987-10-22 | 1987-10-22 | Process for the manufacture of 1,1,1-trifluorodichloroethane and 1,1,1,2-tetrafluorochloroethane |
| US111,292 | 1987-10-22 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1033989A true CN1033989A (zh) | 1989-07-19 |
| CN1014988B CN1014988B (zh) | 1991-12-04 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN88108415A Expired CN1014988B (zh) | 1987-10-22 | 1988-10-22 | 制备1,1,1-三氟二氯乙烷和1,1,1,2-四氟氯乙烷的改进方法 |
Country Status (14)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4843181A (zh) |
| EP (1) | EP0313061B1 (zh) |
| JP (1) | JPH01146832A (zh) |
| KR (1) | KR890006550A (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN1014988B (zh) |
| AU (1) | AU609529B2 (zh) |
| BR (1) | BR8805440A (zh) |
| CA (1) | CA1310022C (zh) |
| DE (1) | DE3887625T2 (zh) |
| ES (1) | ES2063750T3 (zh) |
| IN (1) | IN171034B (zh) |
| MX (1) | MX165875B (zh) |
| RU (1) | RU2007380C1 (zh) |
| ZA (1) | ZA887889B (zh) |
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| IT1202652B (it) * | 1987-03-09 | 1989-02-09 | Ausimont Spa | Processo per la preparazione di 1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2-dicloroetano mediante idrofluorurazione in presenza di catalizzatori |
| US5262574A (en) * | 1987-03-09 | 1993-11-16 | Ausimont S.P.A. | Process for preparing 1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2-dichloroethane by hydrofluorination in the presence of catalysts |
| US5276224A (en) * | 1987-03-09 | 1994-01-04 | Ausimont S.P.A. | Process for preparing 1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2-dichloroethane by hydrofluorination in the presence of catalysts |
| CA1310335C (en) * | 1988-02-12 | 1992-11-17 | Leo E. Manzer | Gas-phase fluorination process |
| IN172054B (zh) * | 1988-02-24 | 1993-03-27 | Du Pont | |
| IN171977B (zh) * | 1988-06-29 | 1993-02-27 | Du Pont | |
| US5036036A (en) * | 1989-06-13 | 1991-07-30 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Chromium oxide catalyst composition |
| IT1230779B (it) * | 1989-07-12 | 1991-10-29 | Ausimont Srl | Procedimento per preparare 1,1,1,2 tetrafluoroetano. |
| FR2661906B1 (fr) * | 1990-05-11 | 1993-10-01 | Atochem | Procede de fabrication du 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoro-chloroethane et du pentafluoroethane. |
| US5045634A (en) * | 1990-06-28 | 1991-09-03 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Fluorination of haloolefins |
| US5030372A (en) * | 1990-07-31 | 1991-07-09 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Catalytic equilibration to improve the relative yield of selected halocarbons |
| US5177273A (en) * | 1991-02-01 | 1993-01-05 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Process for the manufacture of halogen-substituted propanes containing hydrogen and at least five fluorine substituents |
| EP0760356A3 (en) | 1991-05-06 | 1997-03-19 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Process for the manufacture of pentafluoroethane |
| ZA923274B (en) * | 1991-05-06 | 1993-11-08 | Du Pont | Process for the manufacture of pentafluoroethane |
| US5182042A (en) * | 1991-10-21 | 1993-01-26 | Allied-Signal Inc. | Azeotrope-like compositions of 1,1,1-trifluorohexane and perfluoromethylcyclohexane |
| US5569797A (en) * | 1992-01-07 | 1996-10-29 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Method of removing olefinic impurities from hydrochlorofluorocarbons |
| US5395999A (en) * | 1992-11-06 | 1995-03-07 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Catalytic chlorofluorination process for producing CHClFCF3 and CHF2 CF3 |
| EP0844226B1 (en) * | 1993-03-05 | 2001-10-31 | Daikin Industries, Limited | Method of purifying 1,1,1,2,2-pentafluoroethane |
| IT1270959B (it) * | 1993-08-13 | 1997-05-26 | Ausimont Spa | Processo per la preparazione di pentafluoroetano |
| WO1995011875A1 (en) * | 1993-10-28 | 1995-05-04 | Alliedsignal Inc. | Process for purifying 1,1-dichloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane and 1-chloro-1,2,2,2-tetrafluoroethane |
| WO1995027689A1 (en) * | 1994-04-08 | 1995-10-19 | Imperial Chemical Industries Plc | Process for the purification of pentafluoroethane |
| US5545778A (en) * | 1994-05-25 | 1996-08-13 | Alliedsignal Inc. | Single stage process for producing hydrofluorocarbons from perchloroethylene |
| US5569794A (en) * | 1994-05-24 | 1996-10-29 | Alliedsignal Inc. | Vapor phase process for producing hydroflourocarbons from perchloroethylene having a phenolic inhibitor |
| US5563304A (en) * | 1994-05-26 | 1996-10-08 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Production of 1,2-dihydro and 2,2-dihydro hexafluoropropanes and azeotropes thereof with HF |
| US5414165A (en) * | 1994-07-29 | 1995-05-09 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Process for the manufacture of 1,1,1,3,3,3,-hexafluoropropane |
| ZA959435B (en) * | 1994-11-14 | 1996-05-31 | Great Lakes Chemical Corp | Process for production of 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane |
| KR0125143B1 (ko) * | 1994-12-02 | 1997-11-27 | 김은영 | 1,1,1-트리플루오로-2,2-디클로로에탄의 불소화 촉매 및 그것의 제조방법 |
| US5475167A (en) * | 1995-02-17 | 1995-12-12 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Process for the manufacture of pentafluoroethane |
| EP1495801A1 (en) | 1995-06-08 | 2005-01-12 | E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Company | Catalytic manufacture of vinyl fluoride using chromium oxide |
| ES2219225T3 (es) * | 1995-07-14 | 2004-12-01 | E.I. Dupont De Nemours And Company | Proceso para separar hfc-32 y hfc-125. |
| FR2740994B1 (fr) | 1995-11-10 | 1997-12-05 | Atochem Elf Sa | Catalyseurs massiques a base d'oxyde de chrome, leur procede de preparation et leur application a la fluoration d'hydrocarbures halogenes |
| US6417413B1 (en) | 1999-11-03 | 2002-07-09 | Alliedsignal Inc. | Process for the preparation of halogenated ethanes |
| US6472574B2 (en) | 1999-12-10 | 2002-10-29 | E. I. Du Pont Nemours And Company | Production of 1,2-dihydro and 2,2-dihydro hexafluoropropanes and azeotropes thereof with HF |
| FR2807751B1 (fr) * | 2000-04-12 | 2005-05-20 | Solvay | Procede pour la preparation d'un hydro (chloro) fluoroalcane et catalyseur |
| DE60330789D1 (de) * | 2002-08-22 | 2010-02-11 | Du Pont | Nickelsubstituierte und gemischt nickel- und cobaltsubstituierte chromoxidzusammensetzungen, deren herstellung und deren verwendung als katalysatoren und katalysatorvorläufer |
| EP1539347B1 (en) | 2002-08-22 | 2012-06-27 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Cobalt substituted chromium oxide compositions, their preparation and their use as catalysts and catalyst precursors |
| AU2003265595A1 (en) * | 2002-08-22 | 2004-03-11 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Processes for the preparation of 2-chloro-1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane, hexafluoropropene and 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane |
| WO2004018396A1 (en) * | 2002-08-22 | 2004-03-04 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Process for the preparation of 1,1,1,2,2-pentafluoroethane |
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| US2458551A (en) * | 1947-02-18 | 1949-01-11 | Du Pont | Preparation of carbon tetrafluoride |
| US2576823A (en) * | 1947-11-13 | 1951-11-27 | Du Pont | Fluorination with granular crf3 catalyst |
| US3258500A (en) * | 1959-08-17 | 1966-06-28 | Du Pont | Process for fluorinating halohydro-carbons |
| US3183276A (en) * | 1960-03-16 | 1965-05-11 | Edison Soc | Process for the production of fluorinated organic compounds |
| GB1000485A (en) * | 1962-02-07 | 1965-08-04 | Sicedison Spa | Improvements in or relating to the fluorination of halo-olefines |
| DE1910529C3 (de) * | 1969-03-01 | 1978-09-28 | Dynamit Nobel Ag, 5210 Troisdorf | Verfahren zur katalytischen Hydrofluorierung von bestimmten gesattigten und ungesättigten halogenierten Kohlenwasserstoffen |
| GB1307224A (en) * | 1969-06-27 | 1973-02-14 | Ici Ltd | Chromium oxide catalyst |
| JPS4872105A (zh) * | 1971-12-29 | 1973-09-29 | ||
| FR2501062A1 (fr) * | 1980-12-29 | 1982-09-10 | Ugine Kuhlmann | Catalyseurs de fluoruration en phase gazeuse de derives chlores aliphatiques, a base de microbilles d'oxyde de chrome, et procedes de fluoruration utilisant ces catalyseurs |
| IT1202652B (it) * | 1987-03-09 | 1989-02-09 | Ausimont Spa | Processo per la preparazione di 1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2-dicloroetano mediante idrofluorurazione in presenza di catalizzatori |
| US4766260A (en) * | 1987-07-07 | 1988-08-23 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Gas-phase fluorination process |
| AU3861089A (en) * | 1988-06-23 | 1990-01-12 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Catalyzed hydrofluorination of alkenes |
| IN171977B (zh) * | 1988-06-29 | 1993-02-27 | Du Pont |
-
1987
- 1987-10-22 US US07/111,292 patent/US4843181A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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1988
- 1988-10-12 MX MX013518A patent/MX165875B/es unknown
- 1988-10-17 IN IN863/CAL/88A patent/IN171034B/en unknown
- 1988-10-20 CA CA000580780A patent/CA1310022C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-10-21 ES ES88117532T patent/ES2063750T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-10-21 AU AU24115/88A patent/AU609529B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1988-10-21 RU SU884356764A patent/RU2007380C1/ru active
- 1988-10-21 KR KR1019880013781A patent/KR890006550A/ko not_active Ceased
- 1988-10-21 EP EP88117532A patent/EP0313061B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-10-21 JP JP63265904A patent/JPH01146832A/ja active Pending
- 1988-10-21 ZA ZA887889A patent/ZA887889B/xx unknown
- 1988-10-21 DE DE3887625T patent/DE3887625T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-10-21 BR BR8805440A patent/BR8805440A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1988-10-22 CN CN88108415A patent/CN1014988B/zh not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES2063750T3 (es) | 1995-01-16 |
| EP0313061B1 (en) | 1994-02-02 |
| DE3887625T2 (de) | 1994-07-14 |
| MX165875B (es) | 1992-12-08 |
| US4843181A (en) | 1989-06-27 |
| BR8805440A (pt) | 1989-06-27 |
| EP0313061A3 (en) | 1989-06-07 |
| KR890006550A (ko) | 1989-06-14 |
| DE3887625D1 (de) | 1994-03-17 |
| JPH01146832A (ja) | 1989-06-08 |
| IN171034B (zh) | 1992-07-04 |
| RU2007380C1 (ru) | 1994-02-15 |
| ZA887889B (en) | 1990-06-27 |
| CA1310022C (en) | 1992-11-10 |
| AU2411588A (en) | 1989-04-27 |
| EP0313061A2 (en) | 1989-04-26 |
| CN1014988B (zh) | 1991-12-04 |
| AU609529B2 (en) | 1991-05-02 |
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