CN103385115B - Technology for planting straw mushroom by taking sisal hemp slag as raw material - Google Patents
Technology for planting straw mushroom by taking sisal hemp slag as raw material Download PDFInfo
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- CN103385115B CN103385115B CN201310302353.2A CN201310302353A CN103385115B CN 103385115 B CN103385115 B CN 103385115B CN 201310302353 A CN201310302353 A CN 201310302353A CN 103385115 B CN103385115 B CN 103385115B
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- 240000006794 Volvariella volvacea Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 244000198134 Agave sisalana Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 235000011624 Agave sisalana Nutrition 0.000 title abstract description 4
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 title abstract 3
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;phosphoric acid Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)(O)=O.OP(O)(O)=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002426 superphosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000034303 cell budding Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000023422 sporocarp development Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 5
- QBKSWRVVCFFDOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N gossypol Chemical compound CC(C)C1=C(O)C(O)=C(C=O)C2=C(O)C(C=3C(O)=C4C(C=O)=C(O)C(O)=C(C4=CC=3C)C(C)C)=C(C)C=C21 QBKSWRVVCFFDOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- QHOPXUFELLHKAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thespesin Natural products CC(C)c1c(O)c(O)c2C(O)Oc3c(c(C)cc1c23)-c1c2OC(O)c3c(O)c(O)c(C(C)C)c(cc1C)c23 QHOPXUFELLHKAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N cholesterol Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000012343 cottonseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000021393 food security Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229930000755 gossypol Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 229950005277 gossypol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000003905 agrochemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001093 anti-cancer Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000012000 cholesterol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000008935 nutritious Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000007096 poisonous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000952 spleen Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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- Mushroom Cultivation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of edible mushroom cultivation, in particular to a technology for planting straw mushroom by taking sisal hemp slag as a raw material. The technology comprises the steps of preparing compost by taking the sisal hemp slag as the raw material; carrying out inoculation on the compost by stacking and fermenting the compost; placing the inoculated compost in a sterilized mushroom room for cultivating, and controlling different growth temperatures, different pH (Potential of Hydrogen) and different water contents in a basidiospore budding stage, a mycelial growth stage and a sporocarp development stage; and picking the straw mushroom, sending the straw mushroom to a processing workshop to be classified and packaged, and putting the straw mushroom in a refrigerating room for preserving. According to the technology disclosed by the invention, the cost of the raw material is lowered, the food safety is ensured, and the growth cycle of the straw mushroom is shortened.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fungus growing technique field, relate in particular to a kind of technique of utilizing sisal dregs to do raw material planting straw mushroom.
Background technology
Straw mushroom is one of the most general edible mushroom of China cultivation, there is nutritious, delicious flavour and invigorate the spleen and benefit qi, improve immunity, reduce cholesterol, the health-care effect such as anticancer, be well received by consumers.The composts or fertilisers of cultivating of producing at present straw mushroom is mainly waste cotton, and traditional production model must be trampled through the immersion of raw material in operating process, and stack retting is processed.Because cotton is not food, the agricultural chemicals of using in cotton culture process is more malicious, more, so the persticide residue of waste cotton is higher; Cottonseed simultaneously that contain some in waste cotton, cottonseed contains micro-free gossypol, and gossypol is poisonous to human body, when quantity is many, may have a negative impact to human body, and straw mushroom product food-safety problem can not be guaranteed.And the growth cycle of straw mushroom needs about 10 days, when straw mushroom demand is larger, is difficult to satisfy the demands of consumers.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention has designed and developed a kind of technique of utilizing sisal dregs to do raw material planting straw mushroom, and object is to reduce cost of material, guarantees food security, shortens the growth cycle of straw mushroom.
Technical scheme provided by the invention is:
Utilize sisal dregs to do a technique for raw material planting straw mushroom, comprising:
Step 1, according to mass ratio, 85～90% sisal dregs, 8～10% dry cow dungs, 1～2% gypsum, 1～3% superphosphate are fully mixed with to composts or fertilisers of cultivating, the moisture control of composts or fertilisers of cultivating is 70～75%, and relative air humidity is controlled at 92～94%;
Step 2, composts or fertilisers of cultivating are banked up and are fermented 3～5 days, and once, the composts or fertilisers of cultivating of the fermentation of banking up is placed on mushroom bed, and at surface coverage plastic film, under the hot environment of 70 ℃, secondary fermentation is 7～8 hours in turning in every 10 hours;
After step 3, secondary fermentation, open plastic film, the temperature of composts or fertilisers of cultivating drops to after 33～35 ℃, according to 0.4～0.5kg/m
2seeding quantity bacterial classification is evenly sprinkling upon to composts or fertilisers of cultivating surface;
Step 4, postvaccinal composts or fertilisers of cultivating are placed in the mushroom room of having sterilized and cultivate, and basidiospore rudiment temperature is controlled at 36～38 ℃, and pH is 7.5, moisture control, 78～80%, is sowed after 2 days, and mycelial growth temperature is controlled at 33～34 ℃, pH is controlled at 5.6～6.2, and moisture control, 82～84%, ventilates once sooner or later, sow after 4 days, fruit body development temperature is controlled at 29～31 ℃, and pH is 8, and moisture control is 92～93%, sooner or later ventilate once, and keep scattered light to irradiate;
Step 5, sowing started to pluck straw mushroom after 6 days, plucked every day 5～6 times, delivered to job shop classification, packing, put into the freezer of 12～14 ℃ and preserved.
Preferably, the described sisal dregs that utilizes is done in the technique of raw material planting straw mushroom, to the living contaminants occurring in incubation, removes in time.
Preferably, the described sisal dregs that utilizes is done in the technique of raw material planting straw mushroom, in described step 4, in the fruit body development stage, can spray 2.0% lime clarified solution, makes pH remain on 8, removes in time terrible umbrella.
Of the present invention utilization in the technique that sisal dregs does raw material planting straw mushroom, utilize local resources sisal dregs to do the composts or fertilisers of cultivating that raw material is prepared straw mushroom, reduced cost of material, be convenient to gather materials on the spot, and in the process of growth of sisal hemp, do not need applying pesticides, guaranteed food security.Basidiospore budding stage, vegetative stage growth temperature, pH and the moisture content different with fruit body development stage control, and give suitable scattered light irradiation, shortened the growth cycle of straw mushroom, be conducive to a large amount of results of producing fast.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that utilizes sisal dregs to do the technique of raw material planting straw mushroom of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail, to make those skilled in the art can implement according to this with reference to specification word.
The invention provides a kind of technique of utilizing sisal dregs to do raw material planting straw mushroom, comprising:
Step 1, according to mass ratio, 85～90% sisal dregs, 8～10% dry cow dungs, 1～2% gypsum, 1～3% superphosphate are fully mixed with to composts or fertilisers of cultivating, the moisture control of composts or fertilisers of cultivating is 70～75%, and relative air humidity is controlled at 92～94%;
Step 2, composts or fertilisers of cultivating are banked up and are fermented 3～5 days, and once, the composts or fertilisers of cultivating of the fermentation of banking up is placed on mushroom bed, and at surface coverage plastic film, under the hot environment of 70 ℃, secondary fermentation is 7～8 hours in turning in every 10 hours;
After step 3, secondary fermentation, open plastic film, the temperature of composts or fertilisers of cultivating drops to after 33～35 ℃, according to 0.4～0.5kg/m
2seeding quantity bacterial classification is evenly sprinkling upon to composts or fertilisers of cultivating surface;
Step 4, postvaccinal composts or fertilisers of cultivating are placed in the mushroom room of having sterilized and cultivate, and basidiospore rudiment temperature is controlled at 36～38 ℃, and pH is 7.5, moisture control, 78～80%, is sowed after 2 days, and mycelial growth temperature is controlled at 33～34 ℃, pH is controlled at 5.6～6.2, and moisture control, 82～84%, ventilates once sooner or later, sow after 4 days, fruit body development temperature is controlled at 29～31 ℃, and pH is 8, and moisture control is 92～93%, sooner or later ventilate once, and keep scattered light to irradiate;
Step 5, sowing started to pluck straw mushroom after 6 days, plucked every day 5～6 times, delivered to job shop classification, packing, put into the freezer of 12～14 ℃ and preserved.
The described sisal dregs that utilizes is done in the technique of raw material planting straw mushroom, to the living contaminants occurring in incubation, removes in time.
The described sisal dregs that utilizes is done in the technique of raw material planting straw mushroom, in described step 4, in the fruit body development stage, can spray 2.0% lime clarified solution, makes pH remain on 8, removes in time terrible umbrella.
Embodiment
Step 1, according to mass ratio, 88% sisal dregs, 9% dry cow dung, 1.2% gypsum, 1.8% superphosphate are fully mixed with to composts or fertilisers of cultivating, the moisture control of composts or fertilisers of cultivating is 72%, and relative air humidity is controlled at 93%;
Step 2, composts or fertilisers of cultivating are banked up and are fermented 4 days, and once, the composts or fertilisers of cultivating of the fermentation of banking up is placed on mushroom bed, and at surface coverage plastic film, under the hot environment of 70 ℃, secondary fermentation is 7 hours in turning in every 10 hours;
After step 3, secondary fermentation, open plastic film, the temperature of composts or fertilisers of cultivating drops to after 34 ℃, according to 0.5kg/m
2seeding quantity bacterial classification is evenly sprinkling upon to composts or fertilisers of cultivating surface;
Step 4, postvaccinal composts or fertilisers of cultivating are placed in the mushroom room of having sterilized and cultivate, and basidiospore rudiment temperature is controlled at 37 ℃, and pH is 7.5, moisture control, 79%, is sowed after 2 days, and mycelial growth temperature is controlled at 33 ℃, pH is controlled at 5.9, and moisture control, 83%, ventilates once sooner or later, sow after 4 days, fruit body development temperature is controlled at 30 ℃, and pH is 8, and moisture control is 92%, sooner or later ventilate once, and keep scattered light to irradiate;
Step 5, sowing started to pluck straw mushroom after 6 days, plucked every day 5 times, delivered to job shop classification, packing, put into the freezer of 12～14 ℃ and preserved.
Although embodiment of the present invention are open as above, but it is not restricted to listed utilization in specification and embodiment, it can be applied to various applicable the field of the invention completely, for those skilled in the art, can easily realize other modification, therefore do not deviating under the universal that claim and equivalency range limit, the present invention is not limited to specific details and illustrates here and the legend of describing.
Claims (3)
1. utilize sisal dregs to do a technique for raw material planting straw mushroom, it is characterized in that, comprising:
Step 1, according to mass ratio, 85～90% sisal dregs, 8～10% dry cow dungs, 1～2% gypsum, 1～3% superphosphate are fully mixed with to composts or fertilisers of cultivating, the moisture control of composts or fertilisers of cultivating is 70～75%, and relative air humidity is controlled at 92～94%;
Step 2, composts or fertilisers of cultivating are banked up and are fermented 3～5 days, and once, the composts or fertilisers of cultivating of the fermentation of banking up is placed on mushroom bed, and at surface coverage plastic film, under the hot environment of 70 ℃, secondary fermentation is 7～8 hours in turning in every 10 hours;
After step 3, secondary fermentation, open plastic film, the temperature of composts or fertilisers of cultivating drops to after 33～35 ℃, according to 0.4～0.5kg/m
2seeding quantity bacterial classification is evenly sprinkling upon to composts or fertilisers of cultivating surface;
Step 4, postvaccinal composts or fertilisers of cultivating are placed in the mushroom room of having sterilized and cultivate, and basidiospore rudiment temperature is controlled at 36～38 ℃, and pH is 7.5, moisture control, 78～80%, is sowed after 2 days, and mycelial growth temperature is controlled at 33～34 ℃, pH is controlled at 5.6～6.2, and moisture control, 82～84%, ventilates once sooner or later, sow after 4 days, fruit body development temperature is controlled at 29～31 ℃, and pH is 8, and moisture control is 92～93%, sooner or later ventilate once, and keep scattered light to irradiate;
Step 5, sowing started to pluck straw mushroom after 6 days, plucked every day 5～6 times, delivered to job shop classification, packing, put into the freezer of 12～14 ℃ and preserved.
2. the technique of utilizing sisal dregs to do raw material planting straw mushroom as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, to the living contaminants occurring in incubation, removes in time.
3. the technique of utilizing sisal dregs to do raw material planting straw mushroom as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step 4, in the fruit body development stage, can spray 2.0% lime clarified solution, makes pH remain on 8, removes in time terrible umbrella.
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104396562A (en) * | 2014-10-29 | 2015-03-11 | 扶绥县生产力促进中心 | Method for producing ganoderma lucidum by using sisal hemp residue |
| CN104429589A (en) * | 2014-10-29 | 2015-03-25 | 扶绥县生产力促进中心 | Method for producing monkey head mushrooms through sisal hemp waste residues |
| CN104381015A (en) * | 2014-10-29 | 2015-03-04 | 扶绥县生产力促进中心 | Method for producing mushrooms by utilizing sisal hemp waste residues |
| CN105000933A (en) * | 2015-07-16 | 2015-10-28 | 黄圭鹏 | Mushroom cultivation material |
| CN106993464A (en) * | 2016-01-26 | 2017-08-01 | 杨登芝 | The technique that a kind of utilization sisal dregs do raw material planting straw mushroom |
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