CN103365964B - Information recommendation method as well as related equipment and system - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of the Internet, and discloses an information recommendation method, related equipment, and a system. The method includes: when a terminal is running a multimedia ingestion application, detecting a watermark information viewing instruction input by a user through the multimedia ingestion application; The terminal obtains the current location information of the terminal in response to the watermark information viewing instruction; the terminal sends the current location information to the service device, so that the service device queries the offline location information that matches the current location information. The watermark information of the service point is sent to the terminal; the terminal receives the watermark information of the offline service point sent by the service device and matches the current location information. By implementing the embodiment of the present invention, watermark information matching the user's environment can be recommended for the user, so that the watermark information can change dynamically as the user's environment changes.

Description

An information recommendation method and related equipment and system

technical field

The present invention relates to the technical field of the Internet, in particular to an information recommendation method and related equipment and systems.

Background technique

Watermark camera is a new multimedia ingestion application. Using watermark camera, users can use watermark camera to take pictures superimposed with watermark information, so as to enrich the information of the picture, so that the picture is not only a simple photo, but also can be superimposed with other information to make sharing more meaningful. However, it is found in practice that the watermark information provided by multimedia ingestion applications including the watermark camera belongs to the watermark information of the fixed template, and the watermark information of the fixed template cannot match the user's environment.

Contents of the invention

The embodiment of the invention discloses an information recommendation method and related equipment and system, which can recommend watermark information matching the user's environment for the user, so that the watermark information recommended for the user can change dynamically with the change of the user's environment.

The first aspect of the embodiments of the present invention discloses an information recommendation method, including:

When the terminal is running the multimedia ingestion application, it detects the watermark information viewing instruction input by the user through the multimedia ingestion application;

The terminal responds to the watermark information viewing instruction to obtain the current location information of the terminal;

The terminal sends the current location information to the service device, so that the service device queries the watermark information of the offline service point that matches the current location information and sends it to the terminal;

The terminal receives the watermark information of the offline service point that is sent by the service device and matches the current location information.

The second aspect of the embodiment of the present invention discloses an information recommendation method, including:

When the terminal is running the multimedia ingestion application, it detects the watermark information viewing instruction input by the user through the multimedia ingestion application;

The terminal responds to the watermark information viewing instruction to obtain the current location information of the terminal;

The terminal sends the current location information to the service device;

The service device queries the watermark information of the offline service point that matches the current location information and sends it to the terminal;

The terminal receives the watermark information of the offline service point that is sent by the service device and matches the current location information.

The third aspect of the embodiments of the present invention discloses an information recommendation device, the device is applied to a terminal, and the device includes:

A detection unit, configured to detect a watermark information viewing instruction input by a user through the multimedia ingestion application when the terminal is running the multimedia ingestion application;

a positioning unit, configured to respond to the watermark information viewing instruction and obtain the current location information of the terminal;

A transceiver unit, configured to send the current location information to a service device, so that the service device queries the watermark information of an offline service point that matches the current location information and sends it to the terminal;

The transceiving unit is further configured to receive watermark information of an offline service point that matches the current location information sent by the service device.

The fourth aspect of the embodiment of the present invention discloses an information recommendation system, including a terminal and a service device, wherein:

The terminal is configured to, when the multimedia ingestion application is running, detect a watermark information viewing instruction input by the user through the multimedia ingestion application; respond to the watermark information viewing instruction to acquire current location information of the terminal; Send the current location information to the service device; and receive the watermark information of the offline service point that matches the current location information sent by the service device;

The service device is configured to query the watermark information of an offline service point that matches the current location information and send it to the terminal.

The fifth aspect of the embodiment of the present invention discloses a computer storage medium, the computer storage medium stores a program, and when the program is executed, it includes all the steps of the information recommendation method disclosed in the first aspect of the embodiment of the present invention.

In the embodiment of the present invention, when the terminal is running the multimedia ingestion application, the terminal can detect the watermark information viewing instruction input by the user through the multimedia ingestion application, and respond to the watermark information viewing instruction, obtain the current location information of the terminal and send it to the service device, so that the service The device can query the watermark information of the offline service point that matches the current location information and send it to the terminal. By implementing the embodiments of the present invention, watermark information matching the user's environment can be recommended for the user, so that the watermark information can change dynamically as the user's environment changes.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the embodiments. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For Those of ordinary skill in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without making creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an information recommendation method disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a flow chart of another information recommendation method disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a structural diagram of an information recommendation device disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a structural diagram of an information recommendation system disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

The embodiment of the invention discloses an information recommendation method and related equipment and system, which can recommend watermark information matching the user's environment for the user, so that the watermark information can dynamically change with the change of the user's environment. Each will be described in detail below.

Please refer to FIG. 1 . FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an information recommendation method disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 1, the method may include the following steps.

S101. When running a multimedia ingestion application, the terminal detects a watermark information viewing instruction input by a user through the multimedia ingestion application.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the terminals include smart phones (such as Android mobile phones, iOS mobile phones, etc.), tablet computers, palmtop computers, mobile Internet devices (Mobile Internet Devices, MIDs), PCs and other terminal devices, which are not limited in the embodiments of the present invention.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the multimedia ingestion application includes not only the watermark camera, but also other application programs with picture and video shooting functions, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.

For example, when the terminal is running the multimedia ingestion application, detecting that the watermark information viewing instruction input by the user through the multimedia ingestion application includes:

When the terminal is running the multimedia ingestion application, it detects the watermark information viewing instruction entered by the user operation (for example, clicking to open) the watermark library of the multimedia ingestion application.

S102. The terminal responds to the watermark information viewing instruction, and acquires the current location information of the terminal.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the terminal can respond to the watermark information viewing instruction and use the GPS module to obtain the current location information of the terminal, or the terminal can also interact with network access devices such as base stations and WI-FI hotspots, so as to obtain The current location information of the terminal.

S103. The terminal sends the current location information to the service device, so that the service device queries the watermark information of the offline service point matching the current location information and sends it to the terminal.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the service device may include an application server, a cloud server, and other network devices capable of providing services.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned offline service points matching the current location information include offline service points whose distance from the current location information is less than or equal to a preset threshold (eg, 5KM). Among them, the watermark information of the offline service point includes the logo of the offline service point, location information, slogans and preferential policies, etc., and the logo of the offline service point may include the trademark (i.e. Logo) of the offline service point, the offline service point The name of the point.

In this embodiment of the present invention, offline service points may include brand stores, companies, etc., which are not limited in this embodiment of the present invention.

S104. The terminal receives the watermark information of the offline service point that matches the current location information sent by the service device.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the method shown in Figure 1 may also include the following steps:

The terminal stores the watermark information of the offline service point sent by the service device and matched with the current location information in the watermark database of the multimedia intake application.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the method shown in Figure 1 may also include the following steps:

The terminal receives the watermark information selected by the user from the watermark information of the above-mentioned offline service point that matches the current location information; and, after the terminal runs the multimedia intake application to take pictures, superimposes the selected watermark information on the captured pictures , and store the captured picture superimposed with the selected watermark information.

Furthermore, in the embodiment of the present invention, the method shown in Figure 1 may further include the following steps:

The terminal will share the captured picture superimposed with the selected watermark information.

In the method shown in Figure 1, when the terminal is running the multimedia ingestion application, the terminal can detect the watermark information viewing instruction input by the user through the multimedia ingestion application, and respond to the watermark information viewing instruction, obtain the current location information of the terminal and send it to the service device , so that the service device can query the watermark information of the offline service point that matches the current location information and send it to the terminal. By implementing the method shown in FIG. 1 , watermark information matching the user's environment can be recommended for the user, so that the watermark information can change dynamically as the user's mobile environment changes.

Please refer to FIG. 2 . FIG. 2 is a flow chart of an information recommendation method disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 2, the method may include the following steps.

S201. The service device receives and stores the input watermark information of an offline service point (such as a brand store) that matches the location information.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the service device receives and stores the watermark information of an offline service point (such as a brand store) that matches the location information input by the merchant.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the service device may include an application server, a cloud server, and other network devices capable of providing services.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned offline service points (such as brand stores) that match the location information include offline service points (such as brand stores) whose distance from the location information is less than or equal to the preset threshold (such as 5KM) . Among them, the watermark information of offline service points (such as brand stores) includes the logo, location information, slogans and preferential policies of offline service points (such as brand stores), while the logo of offline service points (such as brand stores) can be Including the trademark (i.e. Logo) of the offline service point (such as a brand store) and the name of the offline service point (such as a brand store).

For example, in the embodiment of the present invention, the watermark information of the offline service point (such as a brand store) that matches the location information stored by the service device can be shown in Table 1 below, namely:

S202. When running the multimedia ingestion application, the terminal detects a watermark information viewing instruction input by the user through the multimedia ingestion application.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the terminal includes smart phones (such as Android mobile phones, iOS mobile phones, etc.), tablet computers, palmtop computers, and mobile Internet devices (Mobile Internet Devices, MID) and other terminal devices, which are not limited in the embodiments of the present invention.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the multimedia ingestion application includes not only the watermark camera, but also other application programs with picture and video shooting functions, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.

For example, when the terminal is running the multimedia ingestion application, detecting that the watermark information viewing instruction input by the user through the multimedia ingestion application includes:

When the terminal is running the multimedia ingestion application, it detects the watermark information viewing instruction entered by the user operation (for example, clicking to open) the watermark library of the multimedia ingestion application.

S203. The terminal responds to the watermark information viewing instruction, and acquires the current location information of the terminal.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the terminal can respond to the watermark information viewing instruction and use the GPS module to obtain the current location information of the terminal, or the terminal can also interact with network access devices such as base stations and WI-FI hotspots, so as to obtain The current location information of the terminal.

S204. The terminal sends the current location information to the service device.

S205. The service device queries the watermark information of the offline service point that matches the current location information.

In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Table 1, the watermark information of the offline service point (such as a brand store) that matches the current location information queried by the service device can be the logo of the offline service point (such as a brand store), Location information, slogans, and preferential policies, etc., while the logo of offline service points (such as brand stores) can include the logo and name of offline service points (such as brand stores).

S206. The service device sends the found watermark information of the offline service point that matches the current location information to the terminal.

S207. The terminal receives the watermark information of the offline service point that matches the current location information sent by the service device, and stores the watermark information of the offline service point that matches the current location information sent by the service device in the multimedia intake Applied watermark library.

S208. The terminal receives the watermark information selected by the user from the watermark information of the above-mentioned offline service points matching the current location information.

S209. After the terminal runs the multimedia ingestion application to take pictures, it superimposes the selected watermark information on the captured pictures, and stores the captured pictures superimposed with the selected watermark information.

S210. The terminal shares the captured picture superimposed with the selected watermark information.

In the method shown in Figure 2, when the terminal is running the multimedia ingestion application, the terminal can detect the watermark information viewing instruction input by the user through the multimedia ingestion application, and respond to the watermark information viewing instruction, obtain the current location information of the terminal and send it to the service device , so that the service device can query the watermark information of the brand store that matches the current location information and send it to the terminal. By implementing the method shown in FIG. 2 , watermark information matching the user's mobile environment can be recommended for the user, so that the watermark information can change with the change of the user's environment, thereby improving the usage rate of multimedia ingestion applications.

Please refer to FIG. 3 . FIG. 3 is a structural diagram of an information recommendation device disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention. Wherein, the device can be applied to a terminal, and the device 300 includes:

The detection unit 301 is configured to detect the watermark information viewing instruction input by the user through the multimedia intake application when the terminal runs the multimedia intake application;

The positioning unit 302 is configured to respond to the watermark information viewing instruction and obtain the current location information of the terminal;

The transceiver unit 303 is configured to send the current location information to the service device, so that the service device queries the watermark information of the offline service point matching the current location information and sends it to the terminal;

Wherein, the transceiving unit 303 is further configured to receive the watermark information of the offline service point that matches the current location information sent by the service device.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the detection unit 301 is specifically configured to detect a watermark information viewing instruction input by a user operation (such as clicking to open) the watermark library of the multimedia ingestion application when the terminal is running the multimedia ingestion application.

As shown in Figure 3, the information recommendation device disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention further includes:

The storing unit 304 is configured to store the watermark information of the store sent by the service device and matched with the current location information in the watermark library of the multimedia intake application.

As shown in Figure 3, the information recommendation device disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention further includes:

The receiving unit 305 is configured to receive watermark information selected by the user from the watermark information of the above-mentioned offline service points matching the current location information;

The superimposing unit 306 is configured to superimpose the selected watermark information on the captured picture after the terminal runs the multimedia ingestion application to capture the picture, and store the captured picture superimposed with the selected watermark information.

As shown in Figure 3, the information recommendation device disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention further includes:

The sharing unit 307 is configured to share the captured picture superimposed with the selected watermark information.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned offline service points matching the current location information include offline service points whose distance from the current location information is less than or equal to a preset threshold (eg, 5KM). Among them, the watermark information of the offline service point may include the logo of the offline service point, location information, slogans and preferential policies, and the logo of the offline service point may include the logo of the offline service point and the name of the offline service point.

In the embodiment of the present invention, by implementing the device shown in FIG. 3 , watermark information matching the user's environment can be recommended for the user, so that the watermark information can change dynamically as the user's environment changes.

Please refer to FIG. 4 . FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of an information recommendation system disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention. Wherein, the system includes a terminal 401 and a service device 402, wherein the terminal 401 and the service device 402 communicate through a network connection, wherein:

The terminal 401 is configured to detect the watermark information viewing instruction input by the user through the multimedia ingestion application when the multimedia ingestion application is running; respond to the watermark information viewing instruction to obtain the current location information of the terminal 401; send the current location information to the service device 402 and, receiving the watermark information of the offline service point that matches the current location information sent by the service device 402;

The service device 402 is configured to query the watermark information of the offline service point matching the current location information and send it to the terminal 401 .

In the embodiment of the present invention, when the terminal 401 is running the multimedia ingestion application, detecting the watermark information viewing instruction input by the user through the multimedia ingestion application includes:

When the terminal 401 is running the multimedia ingestion application, it detects the watermark information viewing instruction entered by the user operation (for example, clicking to open) the watermark library of the multimedia ingestion application.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the terminal 401 is further configured to store the watermark information of the offline service point sent by the service device 402 and matched with the current location information in the watermark library of the multimedia intake application.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the service device 402 is also used to receive the input offline service matching the current location information before querying the watermark information of the offline service point matching the current location information and sending it to the terminal 401. Point watermark information and store it.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the terminal 401 is also used to receive the watermark information selected by the user from the watermark information of the offline service point that matches the current location information; and, after running the multimedia ingestion application to take pictures, The selected watermark information is superimposed on the photographed picture, and the photographed picture superimposed with the selected watermark information is stored.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the terminal 401 is further configured to share the captured picture superimposed with the selected watermark information.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned offline service points matching the current location information include offline service points whose distance from the current location information is less than or equal to a preset threshold (eg, 5KM). Among them, the watermark information of the offline service point can include the logo of the brand store, location information, slogans and preferential policies, while the logo of the offline service point can include the logo of the offline service point and the name of the offline service point.

In the embodiment of the present invention, by implementing the system shown in FIG. 4 , watermark information matching the user's environment can be recommended for the user, so that the watermark information can change dynamically as the user's environment changes.

By implementing the embodiments of the present invention, merchants can expose and promote their brands through users posting pictures with watermark information of offline service points. For users, when using the watermark information of offline service points to publish pictures, they can not only share their lives with friends, but also obtain corresponding preferential policies provided by offline service points.

By implementing the embodiment of the present invention, the perfect combination of SNS and O2O offline operation is realized, and the operating income is improved.

Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that all or part of the steps in the various methods of Embodiment 1 above can be completed by instructing terminal-related hardware through a program, and the program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium of the terminal. The storage medium Can include: flash disk, read-only memory (Read-OnlyMemory, ROM), random access device (Random Access Memory, RAM), magnetic disk or optical disk, etc.

The information recommendation method and related equipment and systems disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention are described above in detail. In this paper, specific examples are used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only used to help understanding The method of the present invention and its core idea; at the same time, for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation and scope of application. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the invention.

Claims (26)

1. An information recommendation method, characterized in that, comprising: When the terminal is running the multimedia ingestion application, it detects the watermark information viewing instruction input by the user through the multimedia ingestion application; The terminal responds to the watermark information viewing instruction to obtain the current location information of the terminal; The terminal sends the current location information to the service device, so that the service device queries the watermark information of the offline service point that matches the current location information and sends it to the terminal; The offline service points that match the current location information include offline service points whose distance from the current location information is less than or equal to a preset threshold; The terminal receives the watermark information of the offline service point that is sent by the service device and matches the current location information. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein when the terminal is running the multimedia ingestion application, detecting the watermark information viewing instruction input by the user through the multimedia ingestion application comprises: When the terminal is running the multimedia ingestion application, it detects a watermark information viewing instruction input by a user operating the watermark library of the multimedia ingestion application. 3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the method further comprises: The terminal stores the watermark information of the offline service point sent by the service device and matched with the current location information in the watermark database of the multimedia intake application. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: The terminal receives the watermark information selected by the user from the watermark information of the offline service point matching the current location information; After the terminal runs the multimedia ingestion application to take pictures, it superimposes the selected watermark information on the photographed pictures, and stores the photographed pictures superimposed with the selected watermark information. 5. method according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described method also comprises: The terminal shares the captured picture superimposed with the selected watermark information. 6. The method according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein the watermark information of the offline service point includes one of the logo of the offline service point, location information, slogans and preferential policies or Any combination. 7. An information recommendation method, characterized in that it comprises: When the terminal is running the multimedia ingestion application, it detects the watermark information viewing instruction input by the user through the multimedia ingestion application; The terminal responds to the watermark information viewing instruction to obtain the current location information of the terminal; The terminal sends the current location information to the service device; The service device queries the watermark information of the offline service point matching the current location information and sends it to the terminal; wherein, the offline service point matching the current location information includes the watermark information matching the current location information Offline service points where the distance between location information is less than or equal to the preset threshold; The terminal receives the watermark information of the offline service point that is sent by the service device and matches the current location information. 8. The method according to claim 7, wherein when the terminal is running the multimedia ingestion application, detecting the watermark information viewing instruction input by the user through the multimedia ingestion application comprises: When the terminal is running the multimedia ingestion application, it detects a watermark information viewing instruction input by a user operating the watermark library of the multimedia ingestion application. 9. The method according to claim 7, further comprising: The terminal stores the watermark information of the offline service point sent by the service device and matched with the current location information in the watermark database of the multimedia intake application. 10. The method according to claim 7, further comprising: The terminal receives the watermark information selected by the user from the watermark information of the offline service point matching the current location information; After the terminal runs the multimedia ingestion application to take pictures, it superimposes the selected watermark information on the photographed pictures, and stores the photographed pictures superimposed with the selected watermark information. 11. The method of claim 10, further comprising: The terminal shares the captured picture superimposed with the selected watermark information. 12. The method according to claim 7, wherein before the service device queries the watermark information of an offline service point that matches the current location information and sends it to the terminal, the method further comprises: The service device receives and stores the input watermark information of the offline service point that matches the current location information. 13. The method according to any one of claims 7-12, characterized in that the watermark information of the offline service point includes one of the logo of the offline service point, location information, slogans and preferential policies or Any combination. 14. An information recommendation device, characterized in that the device is applied to a terminal, and the device comprises: A detection unit, configured to detect a watermark information viewing instruction input by a user through the multimedia ingestion application when the terminal is running the multimedia ingestion application; a positioning unit, configured to respond to the watermark information viewing instruction and obtain the current location information of the terminal; A transceiver unit, configured to send the current location information to a service device, so that the service device queries the watermark information of an offline service point that matches the current location information and sends it to the terminal; wherein, the The offline service points matching the current location information include offline service points whose distance from the current location information is less than or equal to a preset threshold; The transceiving unit is further configured to receive watermark information of an offline service point that matches the current location information sent by the service device. 15. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein: The detecting unit is specifically configured to detect a watermark information viewing instruction input by a user operating a watermark library of the multimedia ingestion application when the terminal is running the multimedia ingestion application. 16. The device according to claim 15, further comprising: The storing unit is configured to store the watermark information of the offline service point sent by the service device and matched with the current location information into the watermark library of the multimedia intake application. 17. The device according to claim 14, further comprising: a receiving unit, configured to receive watermark information selected by the user from the watermark information of the offline service point matching the current location information; The superimposing unit is configured to superimpose the selected watermark information on the captured picture after the terminal runs the multimedia ingestion application to capture the picture, and store the captured picture superimposed with the selected watermark information. 18. The device according to claim 17, further comprising: A sharing unit, configured to share the captured picture superimposed with the selected watermark information. 19. The device according to any one of claims 14-18, wherein the watermark information of the offline service point includes one of the logo of the offline service point, location information, slogans, and preferential policies or Any combination. 20. An information recommendation system, characterized in that it includes a terminal and a service device, wherein: The terminal is configured to, when the multimedia ingestion application is running, detect a watermark information viewing instruction input by the user through the multimedia ingestion application; respond to the watermark information viewing instruction to acquire current location information of the terminal; Send the current location information to the service device; and receive the watermark information of the offline service point that matches the current location information sent by the service device; The service device is configured to query the watermark information of the offline service point matching the current location information and send it to the terminal; wherein the offline service point matching the current location information includes the watermark information of the offline service point matching the current location information Offline service points whose distance between the current location information is less than or equal to a preset threshold. 21. The system according to claim 20, wherein when the terminal is running the multimedia ingestion application, detecting the watermark information viewing instruction input by the user through the multimedia ingestion application comprises: When the terminal is running the multimedia ingestion application, it detects a watermark information viewing instruction input by a user operating the watermark library of the multimedia ingestion application. 22. The system of claim 21, wherein: The terminal is further configured to store the watermark information of the offline service point sent by the service device and matched with the current location information in the watermark library of the multimedia intake application. 23. The system of claim 20, wherein: The terminal is also used to receive the watermark information selected by the user from the watermark information of the offline service point that matches the current location information; The selected watermark information is superimposed on the photographed picture, and the photographed picture superimposed with the selected watermark information is stored. 24. The system of claim 23, wherein: The terminal is further configured to share the captured picture superimposed with the selected watermark information. 25. The system of claim 20, wherein: The service device is further configured to receive an input offline service point matching the current location information before querying the watermark information of the offline service point matching the current location information and sending it to the terminal The watermark information and store it. 26. The system according to any one of claims 20-25, wherein the watermark information of the offline service point includes one of the logo of the offline service point, location information, slogans and preferential policies or Any combination.