CN103200405A - 3DV video encoding method and encoder - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention proposes a 3DV video encoding method and an encoder, wherein the method includes: performing a basic layer 3DV encoding operation on the leftmost and rightmost viewpoint color images and depth maps to obtain a basic layer code stream; Decoding to obtain the leftmost and rightmost viewpoint color image reconstruction and depth image reconstruction; perform viewpoint synthesis according to the leftmost and rightmost viewpoint color image reconstruction and depth image reconstruction, and obtain at least one synthetic intermediate viewpoint color image and depth Figure; at least one intermediate viewpoint color map and depth map are compared with at least one composite intermediate viewpoint color map and depth map, and at least one intermediate viewpoint color map residual and depth map residual are calculated; for at least one intermediate viewpoint color map The residual and the depth map residual are subjected to an enhancement layer 3DV encoding operation to obtain an enhancement layer code stream; the base layer code stream and the enhancement layer code stream are combined into a scalable code stream for transmission. The invention has the advantages of high coding efficiency and good coding quality.

Description

A kind of 3DV video encoding method and encoder

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of video technology, and in particular relates to a 3DV video encoding method and an encoder.

Background technique

3DV is a new generation of stereoscopic video coding standards being developed internationally. 3DV uses the video format of the color image of multiple viewpoints plus the corresponding depth image, and the color image of any viewing angle can be obtained through the method of viewing angle synthesis. This encoding method can obtain views from any viewpoint while saving the bit rate as much as possible.

In practical applications, the depth map acquisition methods of natural scenes can be divided into two types: active acquisition and passive acquisition. The active acquisition method refers to the direct acquisition of 3D depth information in the scene through hardware devices such as depth cameras. This method can obtain depth information quickly, but limited by the acquisition technology, the resolution is generally not high. The passive acquisition method refers to obtaining a sequence of depth maps through calculation methods such as stereo matching, and can obtain a sequence of dense depth maps with high resolution. However, the data volume of the depth map sequence of multiple viewpoints is very large. In order to reduce the amount of processed data, the multi-view depth map sequence is usually down-sampled, and then the small-resolution depth map sequence is compressed and transmitted. After being decoded, the reconstructed sequence is up-sampled to restore a high-resolution image.

Scalable coding is a video coding method to adapt video coding to different quality requirements. Scalable coding generally divides video coding into basic layer and enhanced layer. When the video quality is not high, only the content of the basic layer is transmitted, which can save a lot of bit rate. When high-quality video is required, additional transmission is enhanced. Layer, so that users have a great freedom in the choice of video quality and bandwidth.

For 3DV, due to its special video format, traditional scalable coding methods for color images are not used much. A new approach is needed to solve the scalability problem of 3DV video.

Contents of the invention

The present invention aims at solving one of the above technical problems at least to a certain extent or at least providing a useful commercial choice. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a 3DV video coding method, through which the 3DV video coding method of the present invention can solve the scalability problem of 3DV video.

In order to achieve the above object, according to the 3DV video coding method of the embodiment of the present invention, wherein the 3DV video to be coded includes the leftmost viewpoint, the rightmost viewpoint and at least one intermediate viewpoint color map and depth map, including: S1. Perform the base layer 3DV encoding operation on the left viewpoint and the rightmost viewpoint color map and the depth map to obtain the base layer code stream; S2. Perform the base layer 3DV decoding operation on the base layer code stream to obtain the leftmost viewpoint and the rightmost viewpoint color map Reconstruction and depth map reconstruction; S3. According to the original position of the at least one intermediate viewpoint, perform viewpoint synthesis according to the leftmost and rightmost viewpoint color map reconstruction and depth map reconstruction to obtain at least one composite intermediate Viewpoint color map and depth map; S4. Comparing the at least one intermediate viewpoint color map and depth map with the at least one composite intermediate viewpoint color map and depth map, and calculating at least one intermediate viewpoint color map residual and depth Image residual; S5. Perform an enhancement layer 3DV encoding operation on the at least one intermediate viewpoint color image residual and depth image residual to obtain an enhancement layer code stream; S6. Combine the base layer code stream and the enhancement layer code The streams are combined into a scalable code stream for transmission.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the base layer 3DV encoding operation is an independent encoding operation or a non-independent encoding operation.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the enhancement layer 3DV encoding operation is an independent encoding operation.

According to the 3DV video encoding method of the present invention, the code rate can be saved, and when high-quality video is required, an additional enhancement layer is transmitted, so that the user has a large degree of freedom in the selection of video quality and bandwidth.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a 3DV video encoder, through which the 3DV video encoder can solve the scalability problem of 3DV video.

In order to achieve the above object, according to the 3DV video encoder of the embodiment of the present invention, the 3DV video to be encoded includes the leftmost viewpoint, the rightmost viewpoint and at least one intermediate viewpoint color map and depth map, including: basic layer 3DV coding module, the base layer 3DV encoding module performs the base layer 3DV encoding operation on the leftmost and rightmost viewpoint color images and depth maps to obtain the base layer code stream; the base layer 3DV decoding module, the base layer 3DV decoding module and the base layer 3DV decoding module The base layer 3DV encoding module is connected, and the base layer 3DV decoding operation is performed on the base layer code stream to obtain the reconstruction of the leftmost viewpoint and the rightmost viewpoint color map and depth map reconstruction; the viewpoint synthesis module, the viewpoint synthesis module and The base layer 3DV decoding modules are connected to perform viewpoint synthesis according to the original position of the at least one intermediate viewpoint, according to the reconstruction of the leftmost viewpoint and the rightmost viewpoint color map and depth map reconstruction, to obtain at least one synthesized intermediate viewpoint A color map and a depth map; a comparison module, the comparison module is connected to the viewpoint synthesis module, and compares the at least one intermediate viewpoint color map and depth map with the at least one synthesized intermediate viewpoint color map and depth map, Calculate and obtain at least one intermediate viewpoint color map residual and depth map residual; an enhancement layer 3DV encoding module, the enhancement layer 3DV encoding module is connected to the comparison module, and calculates the at least one intermediate viewpoint color image residual and depth map Residuals carry out the enhanced layer 3DV encoding operation to obtain the enhanced layer code stream; the sending module, the sending module is connected with the enhanced layer 3DV encoding module, and merges the basic layer code stream and the enhanced layer code stream into a scalable stream to send.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the base layer 3DV encoding operation is an independent encoding operation or a non-independent encoding operation.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the enhancement layer 3DV encoding operation is an independent encoding operation.

According to the 3DV video encoder of the present invention, the code rate can be saved, and when high-quality video is required, an additional enhancement layer is transmitted, so that the user has a large degree of freedom in the selection of video quality and bandwidth.

Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

Description of drawings

The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and comprehensible from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, wherein:

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a 3DV video coding method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the flowchart of the 3DV video coding method according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a structural diagram of a 3DV video encoder according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals designate the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the figures are exemplary and are intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In describing the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", " Orientation or position indicated by "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. The relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, therefore It should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, terms such as "installation", "connection", "connection" and "fixation" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection , or integrally connected; it may be mechanically connected or electrically connected; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary, and it may be the internal communication of two components. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention according to specific situations.

In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "on" or "under" a second feature may include direct contact between the first and second features, and may also include the first and second features Not in direct contact but through another characteristic contact between them. Moreover, "above", "above" and "above" the first feature on the second feature include that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is horizontally higher than the second feature. "Below", "beneath" and "under" the first feature to the second feature include that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature has a lower level than the second feature.

As shown in FIG. 1 , it is a schematic diagram of a 3DV video coding method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In Fig. 1, the color map of the leftmost viewpoint is P _L , the depth map of the leftmost viewpoint is D _L , the color map of the leftmost viewpoint is reconstructed as P′ _L , the depth map of the leftmost viewpoint is reconstructed as D′ L , and the depth map of the most right viewpoint is reconstructed as D′ _L . The color image is P _R , the rightmost viewpoint depth image is D _R , the rightmost viewpoint color image is reconstructed as P′ _R , the rightmost viewpoint depth image is reconstructed as D′ _R , the middle viewpoint color image is P _M1 , _PM2 ... ..., the intermediate viewpoint depth maps are D _M1 , D _M2 ..., the composite intermediate viewpoint color images are P′ _M1 , P′ _M2 ..., the composite intermediate viewpoint depth maps are D′ _M1 , D′ _M2 ..., the intermediate viewpoint color The map residuals are RP _M1 , RP _{M2 .} . . , and the mid-view depth map residuals are RD _M1 , RD _{M2 .} . .

As shown in FIG. 2 , it is a flowchart of a 3DV video coding method according to an embodiment of the present invention. The steps of the 3DV video encoding method according to an embodiment of the present invention include:

S1. Perform base layer 3DV encoding operation on the leftmost and rightmost view color images and depth images to obtain base layer code streams.

Wherein, the base layer 3DV encoding operation may be an independent encoding operation or a non-independent encoding operation. The most common encoding method can refer to the MEPG (Motion Picture Experts Group, Motion Picture Experts Group) 3DV related standards being developed.

Specifically, the base layer 3DV coding operation is directly performed on the leftmost and rightmost color images, and the base layer 3DV encoding operation is performed on the leftmost and rightmost depth images downsampled to half the width and half height of the color image. It can save encoding overhead and reduce encoding results. It should be noted that half of the value is only an example, and other values such as one-third or one-fourth may also be taken according to actual conditions (especially hardware conditions).

S2. Perform a base layer 3DV decoding operation on the base layer code stream to obtain the reconstruction of the color map and depth map of the leftmost and rightmost viewpoints.

It should be noted that the base layer 3DV decoding operation at this time should correspond to the base layer 3DV encoding operation in step S1 above.

S3. According to the original position of at least one intermediate viewpoint, perform viewpoint synthesis according to the leftmost and rightmost viewpoint color map reconstruction and depth map reconstruction to obtain at least one synthesized intermediate viewpoint color map and depth map.

Among them, the leftmost viewpoint color map reconstruction P′ _L and the leftmost viewpoint depth map reconstruction D′ _L , the rightmost viewpoint color map reconstruction P′ _R and the rightmost viewpoint depth map reconstruction D′ _R are used to synthesize the middle viewpoint Color maps P′ _M1 , P′ _{M2 .} . . and synthetic mid-view depth maps D′ _M1 , D′ _M2 . . . Use the existing view synthesis technology, such as the view synthesis reference software VSRS of MPEG3DV, to synthesize the intermediate viewpoint color maps P′ _M1 , P′ _M2 . . . and synthesize the intermediate viewpoint depth maps D′ _M1 , D′ _M2 . . . It should be noted that the position of the newly synthesized intermediate view should correspond to the position of the original intermediate view.

S4. Comparing at least one intermediate viewpoint color map and depth map with at least one synthesized intermediate viewpoint color map and depth map, and calculating at least one intermediate viewpoint color map residual and depth map residual.

Due to the limitations of the view synthesis technique, the quality of the resulting synthesized intermediate view is inferior to that of the original intermediate view. In order to improve the quality of the intermediate viewpoint, the original intermediate viewpoint color maps P _M1 , P _M2 ... and the original intermediate viewpoint depth maps D _M1 , D _M2 ... are subtracted from the synthetic intermediate viewpoint color maps P′ _M1 , P′ _M2 ... and Synthesize intermediate viewpoint depth maps D′ _M1 , D′ _M2 ...... to obtain intermediate viewpoint color map residuals RP _M1 , RP _M2 ...... and intermediate viewpoint depth map residuals RD _M1 , RD _M2 . difference.

It is foreseeable that at the decoding end, by decoding the code stream of the enhancement layer, the residual reconstruction of the intermediate viewpoint color map and the residual reconstruction of the depth map can be obtained, which are added to the intermediate viewpoint reconstruction by decoding the code stream of the basic layer. Structurally, the quality of the finally obtained intermediate viewpoint decoding result can be improved.

S5. Perform an enhancement layer 3DV encoding operation on at least one intermediate viewpoint color map residual and depth map residual to obtain an enhancement layer code stream.

Specifically, the obtained intermediate viewpoint color map residuals RP _M1 , RP _M2 ... and intermediate viewpoint depth map residuals RD _M1 , RD _M2 ... are independently coded with the existing 3DV coding framework, that is, reconstruction of other viewpoints is not used Coded as a reference frame, as an enhancement layer. The reason for choosing the residual as the enhancement layer is that the amount of information contained in the residual is small, and higher compression efficiency can be obtained compared with the original intermediate view.

S6. Combine the base layer code stream and the enhancement layer code stream into a scalable code stream and send it.

As can be seen from the embodiments of the present invention, the scalable code stream divides video encoding into a base layer code stream and an enhanced layer code stream, and only the base layer code stream is transmitted when the video quality is not high, thereby saving code. Rate. When high-quality video is required, additionally transmit an independently coded enhancement layer code stream. According to the video quality requirements, you can choose to transmit all the enhancement layer code streams, or you can choose to transmit only a part of them. Through the transmission of the enhancement layer code stream Decoding, get the color image residual reconstruction and depth image residual reconstruction of the intermediate viewpoint, add it to the intermediate viewpoint synthesized by decoding the basic layer code stream, so that the user has a great choice in video quality and bandwidth degrees of freedom.

As shown in Figure 3, it is a structural diagram of a 3DV video encoder according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the 3DV video to be encoded includes the leftmost viewpoint, the rightmost viewpoint, and at least one intermediate viewpoint color map and depth map, 3DV video coding The device includes: a base layer 3DV encoding module 100 , a base layer 3DV decoding module 200 , a view synthesis module 300 , a comparison module 400 , an enhancement layer 3DV encoding module 500 and a sending module 600 .

The base layer 3DV encoding module 100 performs a base layer 3DV encoding operation on the leftmost and rightmost view color images and depth images to obtain a base layer code stream.

Wherein, the specific 3DV encoding operation may be an independent encoding operation or a non-independent encoding operation. For example, you can refer to the MEPG (Motion Picture Experts Group, Motion Picture Experts Group) 3DV related standards that are being formulated.

Specifically, the base layer 3DV encoding module 100 directly performs the base layer 3DV encoding operation on the leftmost and rightmost color images, and downsamples the leftmost and rightmost depth images to half the width and half height of the color image. Layer 3DV encoding operation, which can save encoding overhead and reduce encoding results. It should be noted that half of the value is only an example, and other values such as one-third or one-fourth may also be taken according to actual conditions (especially hardware conditions).

The base layer 3DV decoding module 200 is connected with the base layer 3DV encoding module 100, and performs base layer 3DV decoding operation on the base layer code stream to obtain the reconstruction of the leftmost and rightmost color map and depth map.

It should be noted that the base layer 3DV decoding operation at this time should correspond to the base layer 3DV encoding operation in step S1 above.

The viewpoint synthesis module 300 is connected to the base layer 3DV decoding module 200, and according to the original position of at least one intermediate viewpoint, the viewpoint is synthesized according to the reconstruction of the leftmost viewpoint and the rightmost viewpoint color image and the reconstruction of the depth map to obtain at least one synthetic intermediate viewpoint Color and depth maps.

Among them, the base layer 3DV decoding module 200 decodes the obtained leftmost viewpoint color map reconstruction P′ _L and leftmost viewpoint depth map reconstruction D′ _L and the rightmost viewpoint color map reconstruction P′ _R and rightmost viewpoint depth map reconstruction The structure D′ _R is used to synthesize the intermediate viewpoint color maps P′ _M1 , P′ _M2 . . . and the synthesized intermediate viewpoint depth maps D′ _M1 , D′ _M2 . . . Using existing view synthesis technology, such as the view synthesis reference software VSRS of MPEG3DV, the view synthesis module 300 synthesizes intermediate viewpoint color maps P′ _M1 , P′ _M2 . . . and synthesizes intermediate viewpoint depth maps D′ _M1 , D′ _M2 . . . . It should be noted that the position of the newly synthesized intermediate view should correspond to the position of the original intermediate view.

The comparison module 400 is connected to the viewpoint synthesis module 300, and compares at least one intermediate viewpoint color map and depth map with at least one synthesized intermediate viewpoint color map and depth map, and calculates at least one intermediate viewpoint color map residual and depth map residual .

Due to the limitations of the view synthesis technique, the quality of the resulting synthesized intermediate view is inferior to that of the original intermediate view. In order to improve the quality of the intermediate viewpoint, the original intermediate viewpoint color map P _M1 , P _M2 ... and the original intermediate viewpoint depth map D _M1 , D _M2 ... are subtracted from the synthetic intermediate viewpoint color map P′ _M1 , P′ _M2 ... and Synthesize intermediate viewpoint depth maps D′ _M1 , D′ _M2 ...... to obtain intermediate viewpoint color map residuals RP _M1 , RP _M2 ...... and intermediate viewpoint depth map residuals RD _M1 , RD _M2 . difference.

It is foreseeable that at the decoding end, by decoding the code stream of the enhancement layer, the residual reconstruction of the intermediate viewpoint color map and the residual reconstruction of the depth map can be obtained, which are added to the intermediate viewpoint reconstruction by decoding the code stream of the basic layer. Structurally, the quality of the finally obtained intermediate viewpoint decoding result can be improved.

The enhancement layer 3DV encoding module 500 is connected to the comparison module 400, and performs an enhancement layer 3DV encoding operation on at least one intermediate viewpoint color map residual and depth map residual to obtain an enhancement layer code stream.

Specifically, the enhancement layer 3DV encoding module 500 independently encodes the obtained intermediate viewpoint color image residuals RP _M1 , RP _M2 ... and intermediate viewpoint depth image residuals RD _M1 , RD _M2 ... using the existing 3DV encoding framework, that is, without Reconstructions from other viewpoints are used as reference frames for encoding, as enhancement layers. The reason for choosing the residual as the enhancement layer is that the amount of information contained in the residual is small, and higher compression efficiency can be obtained compared with the original intermediate view.

The sending module 600 is connected to the enhancement layer 3DV encoding module 500, and combines the base layer code stream and the enhancement layer code stream into a scalable code stream for transmission.

As can be seen from the embodiments of the present invention, the scalable code stream divides video encoding into a base layer code stream and an enhanced layer code stream, and only the base layer code stream is transmitted when the video quality is not high, thereby saving code. Rate. When high-quality video is required, additionally transmit an independently coded enhancement layer code stream. According to the video quality requirements, you can choose to transmit all the enhancement layer code streams, or you can choose to transmit only a part of them. Through the transmission of the enhancement layer code stream Decoding, get the color image residual reconstruction and depth image residual reconstruction of the intermediate viewpoint, add it to the intermediate viewpoint synthesized by decoding the basic layer code stream, so that the user has a great choice in video quality and bandwidth degrees of freedom.

It should be noted that any process or method descriptions described in flowcharts or otherwise described herein can be understood as representing codes including one or more steps of executable instructions for implementing specific logical functions or processes. modules, segments or parts, and the scope of the preferred embodiments of the present invention includes further implementations, which may be performed out of the order shown or discussed, including in substantially simultaneous fashion or in reverse order depending on the functions involved. function, which should be understood by those skilled in the art to which the embodiments of the present invention belong.

In the description of this specification, descriptions referring to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific examples", or "some examples" mean that specific features described in connection with the embodiment or example , structure, material or characteristic is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be construed as limitations to the present invention. Variations, modifications, substitutions, and modifications to the above-described embodiments are possible within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A 3DV video encoding method, wherein, the 3DV video to be encoded comprises the leftmost viewpoint, the rightmost viewpoint and at least one middle viewpoint color map and depth map, it is characterized in that, comprising the following steps: S1. Perform base layer 3DV encoding operations on the leftmost and rightmost view color images and depth maps to obtain base layer code streams; S2. Performing a base layer 3DV decoding operation on the base layer code stream to obtain the reconstruction of the leftmost viewpoint and the rightmost viewpoint color map and depth map reconstruction; S3. According to the original position of the at least one middle viewpoint, perform viewpoint synthesis according to the leftmost and rightmost viewpoint color map reconstruction and depth map reconstruction, to obtain at least one synthesized middle viewpoint color map and depth map; S4. Comparing the at least one intermediate viewpoint color map and depth map with the at least one synthesized intermediate viewpoint color map and depth map, and calculating at least one intermediate viewpoint color map residual and depth map residual; S5. Perform an enhancement layer 3DV encoding operation on the at least one intermediate viewpoint color map residual and depth map residual to obtain an enhancement layer code stream; S6. Combine the base layer code stream and the enhancement layer code stream into a scalable code stream and send it. 2. The 3DV video encoding method according to claim 1, wherein the base layer 3DV encoding operation is an independent encoding operation or a non-independent encoding operation. 3. The 3DV video encoding method according to claim 1, wherein the enhancement layer 3DV encoding operation is an independent encoding operation. 4. A 3DV video encoder, wherein the 3DV video to be encoded comprises the leftmost viewpoint, the rightmost viewpoint and at least one intermediate viewpoint color map and depth map, comprising: A base layer 3DV encoding module, the base layer 3DV encoding module performs a base layer 3DV encoding operation on the leftmost and rightmost view color images and depth maps to obtain a base layer code stream; A basic layer 3DV decoding module, the basic layer 3DV decoding module is connected to the basic layer 3DV encoding module, and performs a basic layer 3DV decoding operation on the basic layer code stream to obtain the leftmost viewpoint and rightmost viewpoint color map reconstruction and Depth map reconstruction; A view synthesis module, the view synthesis module is connected to the base layer 3DV decoding module, according to the original position of the at least one intermediate view, according to the leftmost and rightmost view color map reconstruction and depth map reconstruction Perform viewpoint synthesis to obtain at least one synthetic intermediate viewpoint color map and depth map; A comparison module, the comparison module is connected to the viewpoint synthesis module, and compares the at least one intermediate viewpoint color map and depth map with the at least one synthesized intermediate viewpoint color map and depth map, and calculates and obtains at least one intermediate viewpoint Color map residuals and depth map residuals; An enhancement layer 3DV encoding module, the enhancement layer 3DV encoding module is connected to the comparison module, and performs an enhancement layer 3DV encoding operation on the at least one intermediate viewpoint color map residual and depth map residual to obtain an enhancement layer code stream; A sending module, the sending module is connected to the enhancement layer 3DV encoding module, and combines the base layer code stream and the enhancement layer code stream into a scalable code stream for transmission. 5. The 3DV video encoder according to claim 4, wherein the base layer 3DV encoding operation is an independent encoding operation or a non-independent encoding operation. 6. The 3DV video encoder according to claim 4, wherein the enhancement layer 3DV encoding operation is an independent encoding operation.

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