CN1030885A - Method for forming a stable pipe sleeve with or without reinforcement in polyethylene pipes - Google Patents
Method for forming a stable pipe sleeve with or without reinforcement in polyethylene pipes Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1030885A CN1030885A CN88104363.XA CN88104363A CN1030885A CN 1030885 A CN1030885 A CN 1030885A CN 88104363 A CN88104363 A CN 88104363A CN 1030885 A CN1030885 A CN 1030885A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- pipe
- section
- diameter
- mould
- plug
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 title abstract description 11
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 title abstract description 4
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 title abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims 3
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003032 molecular docking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000034189 Sclerosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011083 cement mortar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019628 coolness Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002611 lead compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000007096 poisonous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C57/00—Shaping of tube ends, e.g. flanging, belling or closing; Apparatus therefor, e.g. collapsible mandrels
- B29C57/02—Belling or enlarging, e.g. combined with forming a groove
- B29C57/04—Belling or enlarging, e.g. combined with forming a groove using mechanical means
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Shaping Of Tube Ends By Bending Or Straightening (AREA)
Abstract
A method of forming an end of a polyethylene pipe into a pipe sleeve which remains stable and reliable, with or without additional reinforcement, comprising: the softened end (6) of the tube (1) is clamped in a hole of a mould (2) and enlarged with a first plug (3) and then pressed into the hole with a second plug (4) sliding over the first plug to stabilize the part (5) with a varying diameter, and after the tube sleeve has been formed, the end of the tube is cooled at a controlled temperature.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of in the PEF pipe, the shaping with or without the method for the stable pipe box of the maintenance of additional reinforcement.
In the manufacturing of pipe, the pipe especially for water supply and discharge conduit uses two kinds of plastics at present, promptly is commonly referred to the polyvinyl chloride and the PEF of being abbreviated as PE of PVC.
These two kinds of materials have confers similar advantages and shortcoming.
The shortcoming of PVC is that it has lead compound, thereby is poisonous; Therefore, pvc pipe is only made especially at it just can be used for water system when not leaded, but this requirement increases production cost.Another shortcoming of pvc pipe is usually to need pipe is cladded or to strengthen with concrete or cement mortar because of its rigidity and fragility.Be embedded in underground large diameter pipe, for example those pipes that are used for fluid supply main line just more need like this, these pipes are laid in usually along in the ditch of highway or path excavation, with soil ditch are filled and led up then, so that the ground that excavates can return to the state before excavating.If do not equip reinforcement, or the soil of filling sinks afterwards, and pvc pipe must rupture, and can not bear resultant motion or stress.
Another shortcoming of PVC be it along with the mistake of time is decrystallized and is worn out, and become fragile more.
On the contrary, the advantage of PVC is its post forming stability, and every pipe joint all forms pipe box by the machine that is provided with along continuous extrusion apparatus.The continuous pipe section of being cut into, and be admitted to a machine, this machine makes these pipeline sections by the another location of a stove is housed; Be heated to the temperature of its material softening inside and outside one end of every pipe, then, pipe is transported to a shaping position immediately, and the outside of its fire end is clipped in the mould.At last, an expansion is filled in insertion and enlarged diameter and is formed pipe box.
The PEF pipe has special applications, because its neither aging not pollution again also has good elasticity.
Only shortcoming of the pipe made from PE is may shrink after their heating; Therefore the pipe box that is shaped will have problems, because internal diameter tends to shrink, if can not return to its original size, then just can not insert the pipe end of another root pipe at least to a certain extent.
At present, overcome this shortcoming by end to end docking pipe and equipping an independent sleeve or it is welded together.
First method comprises uses the sleeve that a resistance is housed in it, makes the material fusing that contacts with sleeve, and the pipe end fusing of sleeve and insertion two tubes wherein can be saved bonding and sealant like this.
When the diameter of pipe was very big, this method was somewhat impracticable, and is bigger because the external diameter of sleeve needs.As a result, make laying of the pipeline difficulty that becomes, and make required operation and the original manufacturing cost of the material that each joint that is shaped is required than required being multiplied of common pipe end-pipe box, because in fact each joint will use two sections pipe boxes.
Another shortcoming that this method ran into is that needs significantly increase capital expenditure for the sleeve of laying in the pipe that is used for different size.
Above-mentioned second method is that a plate or disk are set between the end of two pipes, and is heated the temperature that makes polyethylene material softening; Make two ends be positioned at two apparent surfaces of disk then.When plastics are heated to proper temperature, remove disk, pipe firmly is docking together and is fixed to obtain till the intact welding point.Equally, as long as the diameter of pipe is smaller, this method is exactly feasible, and for bigger diameter, for example is about 1 meter, is used for city water equipment, then needs to be equipped with at the scene the equipment that for example can support the disk that matches with pipe diameter; Therefore for big-inch pipe, in the use of transportation and necessaries, all have problems.
What also need to consider is on the other hand when pipe is used to carry high-pressure fluid (liquid or gas), the elastic characteristic of PE can work the mischief, in this case, people not only face the problem of the stability of pipe box, also to be forced to break away from its fixed position in the face of seal, cause the fierce danger of overflowing of the fluid carried in the pipe, seal is arranged between the apparent surface of the pipe that is connected.
Under any circumstance, even have in the end of PE pipe under the situation of pipe box of stable form of standard, still have shortcoming, because always there is the possibility of pipe break in the position that pipe diameter changes, the position that caliber changes is the maximum position that meets with stresses.The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of pipe box that in the pipe of making by plastics (comprising PEF), is shaped, but a kind of method of the pipe box of the stable for extended periods of time that particularly is shaped, this pipe box can be equipped with or not be equipped with reinforcement and available sealing ring or become fluid by the welding with the pipe end surface that cooperates and seal; Similarly, attempt to guarantee to make this pipe box can bear mechanical stress from its device and assembly.
The method of the application of the invention can achieve the above object fully, and the feature of this method is:
1. the end with pipe is heated to the temperature that makes the material softening of making this pipe;
The heated end portion of pipe is added in the mould that has an axial hole, and there is the different section of being separated by the section of at least one vary in diameter of two diameters in the hole;
Axially penetrate pipe with first plug, expand heated end portion to the axial hole of mould soft enlarged diameter section position contacting;
Penetrate mould beyond the Great Wall and with second plug than the enlarged diameter section registration in hole with being enclosed within first, its effect is that the end to the heating of pipe applies a compression stress, so that the diameter of pipe box changes is partially stabilized.
After pipe box is shaped, the heated end portion of cooling tube under a controlled temperature.
2. as 1 described method, wherein the section of vary in diameter is to make pipe obtain the such section of the thickness bigger than the remainder of pipe itself and sleeve pipe.
3. the end with pipe is heated to the temperature that can make the material softening of making pipe;
The fire end of pipe is added in the mould that has an axial hole, and there is the section by two different-diameters of one section separation in the hole, this compartmented have diameter greater than in the adjacent section of being separated than a groove of enlarged diameter section;
With the coaxial pipe that penetrates of first plug, with the end of heating expand to the axial hole of mould than the contacted position of enlarged diameter section;
Penetrate mould beyond the Great Wall and with second plug than the enlarged diameter section registration in hole with being enclosed within first, its effect is that the heated end portion to pipe applies a compression stress, to make it at the thickness at the position that the pipe box diameter the changes remainder greater than pipe at least.
After pipe box is shaped, the heated end portion of cooling tube under a controlled temperature.
As 1 or 3 in method, wherein mould penetrate the plug and in the roughly constant temperature that remains on during the refrigerating work procedure about 70-80 ℃.
5. as 1 or 3 method, the end of wherein desiring to be configured as the pipe of a pipe box is preheating to the temperature about 140-150 ℃.
6. as the method in 3, wherein the groove in the mould only is positioned at the position that begins to attenuate than enlarged diameter section of axial hole, and the thickness of the pipe box of shaping is only increased in the position that diameter changes.
7. as the method in 3, wherein the groove in the mould is discontinuous type, so that the groove that is shaped is in position that diameter changes or be a series of rib in the maximum gauge position of the diameter that changes at least.
This method is to force the pipe box end of having softened and having enlarged of pipe to enter in the hole of a mould, makes the regional stability of vary in diameter, then the pipe box of cooling to be shaped under the controlled temperature conditions.
An advantage of the invention is its simplicity, method of the present invention can be used on the place of making the PE pipe, has therefore eliminated the practical difficulty of shaping pipe box, even also be like this under the very big situation of pipe diameter.
Describe the present invention by way of example in detail by accompanying drawing below, in the accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 to Fig. 3 is the axial cutaway view of the three process of expression the method according to this invention when being used to be shaped the pipe box of not being with additional reinforcement;
Another embodiment of method in Fig. 4 presentation graphs 1 to Fig. 3, the pipe box of the reinforcement that has the additional seal part of being used to be shaped.
In the method according to the invention, the end 6 of the PEF pipe 1 of the pipe box that desire is shaped is heated (generally in a stove, furnace temperature is adjusted to the temperature that can soften PE), is surrounded by a mould 2 then.Mould 2 has an axial hole 10, and hole 10 is divided into two at least by the section of the different-diameter of 7 and 8 expressions and a linkage section 11 that is essentially taper; In the embodiment in figure 1, than larger diameter end 8 and linkage section 11 meets, also have a groove 9, its diameter is greater than than larger diameter end 8.
Then, softening end 6 is penetrated by first plug 3, makes the PE material deformation, be expanded to its outer surface and mould than enlarged diameter section 8 position contacting (Fig. 2).
To be mould 2 penetrated by second plug 4 principal character of the present invention, second plug 4 be enclosed within first beyond the Great Wall above 3 and with surface registration than enlarged diameter section 8.More precisely, second plug 4 fills up first plug 3 and than the space (see figure 2) between the enlarged diameter section 8, plays the effect of an annular punch like this.4 the insertion of second plug makes pipe, softening end 6 be subjected to a pressure, thereby make plastic material fill up 10 formed spaces, hole to greatest extent, have if comprise groove 9() the space.
The end 6 of cooling forming under a controlled temperature then, and in mould 2, keep being enough to make its time in sclerosis; The actual time is depended on the thickness of tube wall.
The temperature that another importance of the present invention is shaping end 6 must be adjusted to and make plastics obtain regeneration, or under any circumstance, for example makes it can absorb the internal stress that is produced by pressure stroke.
In fact, by the cooling under controlled temperature, any internal stress that is produced by the compression stress that is applied all can all be absorbed by material, and it is more stable that the variation of shape becomes; The pressurization operation also has stablizing effect, because it helps to guarantee the intact shaping in the position 5 that diameter changes.Can suitably regulate the temperature of mould 2, that is, raise when empty before stepping up to manage 1, and reduce when operation, this control is independent of the pressurization of introducing first plug, 3 and second plug 4 and forms the heat that is produced.
In practice, the end 6 of pipe is heated near 140-150 ℃, and mould 2 remains on about 70-80 ℃ temperature.Groove 9 can be only limited to than enlarged diameter section 8 with linkage section 11 meets and/or extend to and occupy whole linkage sections 11, so that obtain bigger thickness; Contraction when this will help to prevent 6 coolings of pipe box end prevents simultaneously change the breaking of higher stress zone at place of diameter.Also can adopt the scheme that has the continuous or discontinuous groove 9 of annular; Under a kind of situation in back, the correspondent section of the pipe box of shaping is a series of longitudinal rib, rather than single projection.
The pipe box 6 of the shaping of Fig. 3 also has a lip, and by 12 expressions, it also also helps to prevent the contraction of pipe box end 6 by the pressure stroke shaping of second plug 4.
Use illustrated pipe box, can between the apparent surface of pipe box and corresponding pipe end a resistance ring be set, it will melt the material on two surfaces together, as previously mentioned.
Fig. 4 represents another form of the present invention, and wherein the pipe box that is shaped in pipe 1 is by reinforcing around the becket 20 than major diameter part 21.Adopt this structure, the groove 22 that can be shaped in the end 6 of the pipe that occupies pipe box or in pipe box itself is to hold a high-pressure sealing ring 23; Illustrated sealing part is the lip of one " V " tee section, and the summit of V is towards the opening of pipe box, and its external lip cooperates with the inwall of pipe box.
In this case, pipe box also is to be shaped by above-mentioned method, at the ring that is being had at first the location by mould 2 formed relevant positions, the pressure in the pipe can be elevated to certain continuous value and without any danger, because seal 23 can prevent the fluid that can carry and overflow; Becket 20 guarantees that pipe boxes can be because of the stressed normal shape that loses, so seal 23 can not eject from its groove 22.
Claims (7)
1, a kind of shaping in the PEF pipe with or without the method for the stable sockets of reinforcement is characterized in that it comprises following operation:
The end (6) that to manage (1) is heated to the temperature that makes the material softening of making this pipe,
The end (6) that to manage the heating of (1) is clipped in the mould (2) that has an axial hole (10), and hole (10) have the different section of being separated by the section (11) of at least one vary in diameter (7,8) of two diameters,
Axially penetrate pipe (1) with one first plug (3), the end (6) of heating is expanded to and the axial hole (10) of mould (2) than enlarged diameter section (8) position contacting,
With being enclosed within that first plug (3) is gone up and penetrating mould (2) with one second plug (4) than enlarged diameter section (8) registration of hole (10), its effect is that the end (6) to the heating of pipe (1) applies a compression stress, so that the diameter of sleeve pipe changes is partially stabilized,
The end (6) of the heating of cooling tube (1) under a controlled temperature after pipe box is shaped.
2, as the method in the claim 1, wherein the section of vary in diameter (11) is that pipe is obtained than the bigger such section of thickness of remainder of managing (1) and pipe box.
3, a kind of being used for is characterized in that in the method for PEF pipe shaping with or without the stable sockets of reinforcement it comprises following operation:
The end (6) that to manage (1) is heated to the temperature that can make the material softening of making pipe,
The end (6) that to manage the heating of (1) is clipped in the heated mold (2) that has an axial hole (10), there is the section (7,8) of two different-diameters being separated by one section (11) in hole (10), section (11) has diameter greater than the adjacent groove (9) than enlarged diameter section (8)
With one first plug (3) coaxial pipe (1) that penetrates, the end (6) of heating expanded to and the axial hole (10) of mould (2) than the contacted position of enlarged diameter section (8),
With being enclosed within that first plug (3) is gone up and penetrating mould (2) with one second plug (4) than enlarged diameter section (8) registration of hole (10), its effect is that the end (6) of heating to pipe (1) applies a compression stress, with the thickness that makes (5) position that its diameter at pipe box changes at least remainder greater than pipe
The end (6) of the heating of cooling tube (1) under a controlled temperature after pipe box is shaped.
4, as the method in claim 1 or 3, wherein mould (2) is penetrating plug (3,4) and in the roughly constant temperature that remains on during the refrigerating work procedure about 70-80 ℃.
5, as the method for claim 1 or 3, the end (6) of wherein desiring to be configured as the pipe (1) of a pipe box is preheating to the temperature about 140-150 ℃.
6, as the method in the claim 3, wherein the groove (9) in the mould (2) only is positioned at the position that begins to attenuate than enlarged diameter section (8) of axial hole (10), and the thickness of the pipe box of shaping is only increased in the position (5) that diameter changes.
7, method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the groove in the mould (9) is discontinuous type, so that the groove that is shaped is in position (5) that diameter changes or be a series of rib in the maximum gauge position of the diameter that changes at least.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IT3557A/87 | 1987-07-16 | ||
| IT8703557A IT1213648B (en) | 1987-07-16 | 1987-07-16 | PROCEDURE FOR THE CREATION OF A STABLE GLASS WITH OR WITHOUT REINFORCEMENT IN POLYETHYLENE TUBES |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1030885A true CN1030885A (en) | 1989-02-08 |
Family
ID=11109665
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN88104363.XA Pending CN1030885A (en) | 1987-07-16 | 1988-07-15 | Method for forming a stable pipe sleeve with or without reinforcement in polyethylene pipes |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1030885A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2079488A (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2010285A6 (en) |
| GR (1) | GR880100464A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1213648B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1989000492A1 (en) |
| YU (1) | YU137388A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1051496C (en) * | 1994-08-23 | 2000-04-19 | S.I.C.A.股份有限公司 | A pressurized-fluid workhead for permanent bell-forming of end tracts of plastic pipes, for use in automatic bell-forming machines |
| CN1073924C (en) * | 1996-06-20 | 2001-10-31 | 雷金纳·施奈尔林格 | Method for producing end fittings on plastic pipes and device for carrying out the method |
| CN100553946C (en) * | 2003-07-12 | 2009-10-28 | 小弗兰克·F·海斯 | Method and apparatus for forming flared pipe ends |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5505898A (en) * | 1992-01-06 | 1996-04-09 | Kubota Corporation | Plastic pipe and manufacturing method thereof |
| US5622670A (en) * | 1993-05-14 | 1997-04-22 | Rowley; William | Process for fabricating crosslinked polyethylene tubing ends |
| DE4423459C1 (en) * | 1994-07-05 | 1995-06-08 | Vogelsang Ernst Gmbh Co Kg | Integral forming of socket end on ethylene@] pipe |
| DE69613583T2 (en) * | 1995-09-20 | 2002-04-25 | Uponor Innovation Ab, Fristad | METHOD FOR PRODUCING A SLEEVE AT THE END OF A PIPE |
| AU2002952252A0 (en) * | 2002-10-25 | 2002-11-07 | Australian Engineering Corporation Pty Ltd | Method of pre-stressing semi-crystalline polymer pipe ends |
| GB0823321D0 (en) | 2008-12-22 | 2009-01-28 | Crompton Technology Group Ltd | Forming the end portions of thermoplastic composite tubes |
| US9545750B2 (en) | 2013-07-08 | 2017-01-17 | Fit-Line, Inc. | Portable tube flaring system for flexible tubing |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1377324A (en) * | 1963-07-24 | 1964-11-06 | Ct De Rech S De Pont A Mousson | Method and device for forming a socket at the end of a pipe and resulting pipe |
| US3512123A (en) * | 1966-12-22 | 1970-05-12 | Amp Inc | Guide and crimp-locating means in electrical connectors and method and apparatus for making same |
| GB1326932A (en) * | 1969-09-04 | 1973-08-15 | Wavin Bv | Method and apparatus for manufacturing pipe ends provided with an extreme end having an enlarged thickness of wall |
| US3749543A (en) * | 1971-06-21 | 1973-07-31 | Asc Ind Inc | Apparatus for forming belled pipe couplings |
| JPS5949175B2 (en) * | 1977-05-02 | 1984-12-01 | 株式会社クボタ | Secondary processing method for synthetic resin pipes |
| JPS5440878A (en) * | 1977-09-07 | 1979-03-31 | Kubota Ltd | Method of forming socket to be fitted with rubber ring |
| US4379115A (en) * | 1978-03-20 | 1983-04-05 | James Hardie & Coy, Pty. Limited | Pipe socket forming |
| JPS555823A (en) * | 1978-06-27 | 1980-01-17 | Kubota Ltd | Method for molding enlarged socket |
-
1987
- 1987-07-16 IT IT8703557A patent/IT1213648B/en active
-
1988
- 1988-07-01 ES ES8802070A patent/ES2010285A6/en not_active Expired
- 1988-07-11 GR GR880100464A patent/GR880100464A/en unknown
- 1988-07-13 AU AU20794/88A patent/AU2079488A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1988-07-13 WO PCT/IT1988/000051 patent/WO1989000492A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1988-07-15 CN CN88104363.XA patent/CN1030885A/en active Pending
- 1988-07-15 YU YU01373/88A patent/YU137388A/en unknown
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1051496C (en) * | 1994-08-23 | 2000-04-19 | S.I.C.A.股份有限公司 | A pressurized-fluid workhead for permanent bell-forming of end tracts of plastic pipes, for use in automatic bell-forming machines |
| CN1073924C (en) * | 1996-06-20 | 2001-10-31 | 雷金纳·施奈尔林格 | Method for producing end fittings on plastic pipes and device for carrying out the method |
| CN100553946C (en) * | 2003-07-12 | 2009-10-28 | 小弗兰克·F·海斯 | Method and apparatus for forming flared pipe ends |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU2079488A (en) | 1989-02-13 |
| YU137388A (en) | 1989-12-31 |
| WO1989000492A1 (en) | 1989-01-26 |
| IT8703557A0 (en) | 1987-07-16 |
| IT1213648B (en) | 1989-12-29 |
| ES2010285A6 (en) | 1989-11-01 |
| GR880100464A (en) | 1989-03-08 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C01 | Deemed withdrawal of patent application (patent law 1993) | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |