CN103036008B - Asymmetric dipole antenna - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an asymmetric dipole antenna, the substrate of which is provided with a radiation module and a grounding module formed by a metal conductor and arranged at intervals. The radiation module and the grounding module respectively have a radiation base and a grounding base, and the two ends of the two bases are oppositely extended to form two radiation arms and two grounding arms. The first radiation arm and the second radiation arm are orthogonal to the radiation base, and the second radiation arm is bent and extended toward the first radiation arm to form an arc with an opening toward the first radiation arm. The first grounding arm and the second grounding arm are orthogonal to the grounding base, and the second grounding arm is formed into a hook shape extending and bending toward the first grounding arm, and a feeder unit is used to feed the feeding point and the grounding point of the two bases. The invention can produce sufficient gain effect, and its field shape is not easily affected by testing, the blind spot is shallow, and the radiation field shape is round, so it is not easy to have poor communication quality in signal transmission and reception. And its structure is simple, and the manufacturing complexity is low.

Description

Asymmetric Dipole Antenna

technical field

The present invention relates to an antenna structure, in particular to an asymmetrical dipole antenna applicable to different types of wireless signal transmission.

Background technique

With today's antenna structure, the omnidirectional antenna is very useful for various wireless communication devices. This is because its radiation pattern allows good transmission and reception in a mobile unit. In order to increase the gain of the omnidirectional antenna and to improve the impedance matching of the antenna, the configuration usually uses a wider feed line or uses a loop loop to design the radiation part and the ground part.

However, an overly wide feed-in wire will cause the transmitted signal to affect the signal of the radiation part, resulting in a coupling effect between the feed-in wire and the radiation part. The impedance matching of the antenna element is affected, and the width of the frequency band is limited. If the distance between the feeding wire and the radiation part is increased, the directivity of the omnidirectional antenna is likely to be too high. On the other hand, although the loop circuit can obtain high impedance characteristics, the difficulty of the process will be relatively increased, which will reduce the yield of the antenna.

But in fact, no matter what kind of antenna, as long as it is installed in terrain obstacles (such as corners, ceilings, etc.), the gain value in a specific direction must be obviously insufficient, resulting in poor communication quality in signal transmission and reception. Therefore, how to simplify the manufacturing complexity of the antenna while maintaining or further improving the gain of the antenna is a problem that manufacturers should consider.

Contents of the invention

To solve the above problems, the present invention provides an antenna structure with a simple structure and high gain.

The antenna structure provided by the present invention is an asymmetrical dipole antenna, which includes a substrate, a radiation module, a ground module and a feeder unit. The radiating module is formed by disposing a first metal conductor on the substrate, has a radiating base, and a first radiating arm and a second radiating arm extend from two ends of the radiating base toward a first direction in an orthogonal manner. The second radiating arm bends and extends toward the first radiating arm to form an arc shape with the radiating base and opens toward the first radiating arm. The radiating base includes a feed point. The grounding module corresponds to the radiation module at intervals, and is formed by disposing a second metal conductor on the substrate, and has a grounding base. A first ground support arm and a second ground support arm are perpendicular to the ground base and extend toward a second direction from two ends thereof. The second ground support arm is in the shape of a hook that bends and extends toward the first ground support arm. A grounding point is arranged on the grounding base corresponding to the feeding point. The feeder unit is used to electrically feed the feed-in point and the ground point.

The present invention further provides an asymmetrical dipole antenna, which includes a substrate, a radiation module, a ground module and a feeder unit. The radiation module is formed by disposing a first metal conductor on the substrate, and has a radiation base. A first radiating arm and a second radiating arm extend from both ends of the radiating base toward a first direction in an orthogonal manner. The second radiating arm extends toward the first radiating arm to form an arc shape with the radiating base and opens toward the first radiating arm. The radiating base includes a feed point. The grounding module corresponds to the radiation module at intervals, and is formed by disposing a second metal conductor on the substrate, and has a grounding base. A first ground support arm and a second ground support arm are perpendicular to the ground base so as to extend toward a second direction from two ends of the ground base. The second ground support arm is in the shape of a hook extending toward the first ground support arm. A grounding point is arranged on the grounding base corresponding to the feeding point. Wherein, the part where the ground base extends to the first ground support arm is formed with a turning part with a retracted notch. The feeder unit is used to electrically feed the feed-in point and the ground point.

In order to solve the above antenna structure problem, the present invention further provides an asymmetric dipole antenna, which includes a substrate, a radiation module, a ground module, a feeder unit and a reflection layer.

The substrate has a corresponding first surface and a second surface. The radiation module is formed by disposing a first metal conductor on the first surface, and has a radiation base. A first radiating arm and a second radiating arm extend from both ends of the radiating base toward a first direction in an orthogonal manner, and the second radiating arm extends from wide to narrow toward the direction of the first radiating arm , forming an arc shape with the radiation base and opening toward the first radiation arm. The radiating base includes a feed point. The grounding module corresponds to the radiation module at intervals, and is formed by disposing a second metal conductor on the first surface, and has a grounding base. A first ground arm and a second ground arm are perpendicular to the ground base so as to extend from both ends of the ground base toward a second direction. The second grounding arm is bent and extended toward the first grounding arm in a hook shape. A grounding point is arranged on the grounding base corresponding to the feeding point. The feeder unit is fixed on the base plate and is used to electrically feed the feed-in point and the ground point. The reflective layer is configured on the second surface of the substrate.

The feature of the present invention is that the antenna structure provided by the present invention is different from the structure of the prior art, even when it is applied to the terrain obstacle area (for example, corner, ceiling, etc.), it can also generate sufficient gain effect through its structure, and After testing, its field shape is not easy to be affected, the blind spot (concave-convex point) is relatively shallow, and the radiation field shape is relatively round, so it is not easy to have poor communication quality when sending and receiving signals. Secondly, the structure of the antenna provided by the present invention is much simpler than that of the loop circuit, so the complexity of antenna manufacture can be effectively reduced. Third, the antenna structure provided by the present invention can meet the design requirements of current dual-frequency dual-polarization antennas. When meeting the requirements of gain, it also meets the requirements of multi-frequency transmission capabilities, so its applicability is greatly improved. .

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a first architecture of an embodiment of an asymmetric dipole antenna of the present invention;

2 is a schematic diagram of a second architecture of an embodiment of an asymmetric dipole antenna of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a third architecture of an asymmetric dipole antenna embodiment of the present invention;

4A is an embodiment of a schematic diagram of a vertical signal gain corresponding to a radiation field shape of an asymmetric dipole antenna of the present invention;

FIG. 4B is an embodiment of a schematic diagram of the horizontal signal gain corresponding to the radiation pattern of the asymmetric dipole antenna of the present invention;

FIG. 4C is another embodiment of the schematic diagram of the vertical signal gain corresponding to the radiation pattern of the asymmetric dipole antenna of the present invention; and

4D is another embodiment of the schematic diagram of the radiation pattern corresponding to the horizontal signal gain of the asymmetric dipole antenna of the present invention. the

Description of main component symbols:

1 Substrate 2 Radiation Module

20 radiating base 201 first end of radiating base

202 The second end of the radiating base 21 The first radiating arm

22 The second radial arm 221 The first section

222 Section 2 23 Feed-in point

3 Grounding module 30 Grounding base

301 First end of grounded base 302 Second end of grounded base

31 The first grounding arm

321 Connection section 322 Hook section

33 Grounding point 34 Turning part

35 retracted gap 4 feeder unit

41 The first end of the feeder unit 42 The second end of the feeder unit

5 Reflective layer G Gap.

Detailed ways

The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

Firstly, please refer to FIG. 1 , which is a schematic diagram of the first structure of the embodiment of the asymmetric dipole antenna of the present invention. The asymmetric dipole antenna includes a substrate 1 , a radiation module 2 , a ground module 3 and a feeder unit 4 . Hereinafter, description will be made in conjunction with the reference direction shown in FIG. 1 .

The radiation module 2 is formed by disposing a first metal conductor on the substrate 1, and the grounding module 3 is formed by disposing a second metal conductor on the substrate 1. The formation methods are such as circuit board etching, metal liquid vapor deposition, and metal sputtering. , metal coating and other related methods are applicable without limitation.

The radiating module 2 has a radiating base 20 , which is elongated as an example, and a feed-in point 23 is disposed therein. A first radiating arm 21 extends from the first end 201 of the radiating base 20 toward a first direction. The second radiating arm 22 also extends toward the first direction from the second end 202 of the radiating base 20 . Here, the first direction takes +Y direction as an example.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the first radiating arm 21 is perpendicular to the radiating base 20 . After the second radiating arm 22 extends from the second end 202 of the radiating base 20 , it bends toward the first radiating arm 21 and forms an arc shape with the radiating base 20 opening toward the first radiating arm 21 .

The grounding modules 3 are disposed on the substrate 1 at intervals corresponding to the radiation modules 2 , and the positions of the grounding modules 3 and 2 are corresponding to each other. The grounding module 3 includes a grounding base 30 , which is elongated here as an example, and a grounding point 33 is disposed therein. The position of the grounding point 33 corresponds to the position of the feeding point 23 . There is a gap G between the ground base 30 and the radiation base 20 , and the size of the gap G is adjusted according to the impedance matching and gain of the antenna. A first ground arm 31 extends from the first end 301 of the ground base 30 toward a second direction. The second ground arm 32 also extends from the second end 302 of the ground base 30 toward the second direction. The second direction is just opposite to the first direction, in this example, it refers to the -Y direction.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the first ground support arm 31 is perpendicular to the ground base 30 . After extending from the ground base 30 , the second ground support arm 32 is slightly bent toward the first ground support arm 31 to form a hook shape. The inner edge of the second ground support arm 32 presents an arc-shaped retraction.

In terms of component configuration positions, the configuration position of the first grounding arm 31 corresponds to the second radiating arm 22, and the configuration position of the second grounding arm 32 corresponds to the first radiating arm 21, so that the radiation module 2 and the grounding module 3 form a - an asymmetric configuration.

The feeder unit 4 is used to electrically feed the above-mentioned feed-in point 23 and the ground point 33 , and a straight rod-shaped feeder arm is used for illustration here. The feeder arm of this example is arranged in the Y-axis direction, and there is a feeder (not shown in the figure) inside the feeder arm, which is fed from the first end 41 of the feeder arm to the feed-in point 23 and the ground point 33, and passes through the feeder The second end 42 of the support arm extends out to connect related circuits, electronic components or devices for power supply.

In order to cooperate with related adjustment operations such as impedance and gain, the antenna structure can be changed and designed accordingly. For example:

(1) The position of the feeding point 23 is restricted so that the length from the feeding point 23 to the end of the first radiating arm 21 is equal to the length from the feeding point 23 to the end of the second radiating arm 22 .

(2) The position of the grounding point 33 is restricted so that the length from the grounding point 33 to the end of the first grounding arm 31 is twice the length from the grounding point 33 to the end of the second radiating arm 22 .

(3) Limit the shape of the second radiating arm 22 to design. When the second radiating arm 22 extends from the radiating base 20 , in addition to the arc shape, it also presents a shape from wide to narrow. Here, the second radiating arm 22 is divided into two sections, which are a first section 221 and a second section 222 perpendicular to each other. The second section 222 is connected between the first section 221 and the radiation base 20 , and is perpendicular to the radiation base 20 . As shown in FIG. 1 , the first section 221 is in the shape of a strip of equal width arranged in the X direction, and the second section 222 is arranged in the Y direction and is in the shape of an arc from wide to narrow. Overall, the width of the second section 222 is two to three times that of the first section 221 .

(4) Limit the shape of the second grounding arm 32 to design. Here, the second ground support arm 32 is divided into two sections, a connection section 321 and a hook section 322 . The connection section 321 is connected between the hook section 322 and the ground base 30 . As shown in FIG. 1 , the connection section 321 is arranged in the Y direction and is perpendicular to the ground base 30 . When the hook section 322 extends toward the bend, it also slightly presents a design pattern from wide to narrow. Overall, the width of the connection section 321 is about twice the width of the hook section 322 .

(5) Limit the shape of the first radiating arm 21 to design. As shown in FIG. 1 , the first radiating arm 21 extending from the radiating base 20 presents an elongated shape from narrow to wide in shape. Corresponding to the application of the antenna, both ends of the first radiating arm 21 can be in a rectangular shape, and the width change (slope) is designed in the middle section of the first radiating arm 21 . Wherein, the maximum width of the first radiating arm 21 is twice the minimum width of the first radiating arm 21 .

(6) Limiting the shape of the first grounding arm 31 to design. As shown in FIG. 1 , the first ground support arm 31 extending from the ground base 30 presents a long strip shape from narrow to wide. Corresponding to the application of the antenna, both ends of the first ground support arm 31 can be in a rectangular shape, and the width change (slope) is designed in the middle section of the first ground support arm 31 . Wherein, the maximum width of the first ground support arm 31 is twice the minimum width of the first ground support arm 31 . In addition, the first grounding arm 31 and the first radiating arm 21 can also be designed to have the same shape, or a form in which the shape and size are in equal proportion. Or further, in order to improve the impedance matching of the antenna, the lengths of the first radiating arm 21 and the first grounding arm 31 can be adjusted.

Please refer to FIG. 2 which is a schematic diagram of the second structure of the embodiment of the asymmetric dipole antenna of the present invention. The difference from the first structure is that a turning portion 34 is formed at the part where the grounding base 30 extends to the first grounding arm 31, and a retracted notch 35 is formed on the inner side of the turning portion 34, so as to complete the antenna through the retracted notch 35. Impedance matching and increase antenna gain. The retracted notch 35 can be designed in different shapes corresponding to the impedance matching of the antenna.

Please refer to FIG. 3 which is a schematic diagram of the third structure of the embodiment of the asymmetric dipole antenna of the present invention. The difference from the aforementioned structure is that the substrate 1 has two corresponding first surface 101 and second surface 102 . The radiation module 2 , the ground module 3 and the feeder unit 4 are disposed on the first surface 101 of the substrate 1 , and a reflective layer 5 is disposed on the second surface 102 of the substrate 1 .

As shown in FIG. 3 , the reflective layer 5 is integrally covered on the second surface 102 . Alternatively, the reflective layer 5 is partially disposed on the second surface 102 . Alternatively, the reflective layer 5 may be configured on the second surface 102 in a mesh shape. It can be seen that the configuration of the reflective layer 5 is determined according to the needs of designers and is not limited. In addition, the formation methods of the reflective layer 5 such as circuit board etching, metal liquid vapor deposition, metal sputtering, metal coating, coating thin metal sheet (SnPt or AlPt) and other related methods are applicable and not limited.

Please refer to FIG. 4A to FIG. 4D sequentially, which are gain schematic diagrams of the asymmetric dipole antenna of the present invention. FIG. 4A is an embodiment of a schematic diagram of the vertical signal gain corresponding to the radiation field of the asymmetric dipole antenna of the present invention. Here, the frequency of WIFI-2.4GHz to 2.5GHz is used as the test environment, and the asymmetric dipole antenna is obtained for vertical Test data for signal gain. As shown in Figure 4A, from left to right are the horizontal field shape, vertical field shape and comprehensive field shape (horizontal + vertical).

FIG. 4B is an embodiment of a schematic diagram of the radiation pattern corresponding to the horizontal signal gain of the asymmetric dipole antenna of the present invention. Here, the frequency of WIFI-2.4GHz to 2.5GHz is used as the test environment, and the test data of the horizontal signal gain of the asymmetrical dipole antenna is obtained. As shown in Figure 4B, from left to right are the horizontal field shape, vertical field shape and integrated field shape (horizontal + vertical).

It can be seen from Figure 4A and Figure 4B that in the frequency of WIFI-2.4GHz to 2.5GHz, the horizontal radiation field is more serious at the concave and convex points at angles of 90 degrees and 270 degrees, but the vertical radiation field is generally more round. After the two radiation patterns are combined, the formed radiation pattern is also approximately circular, which shows that the antenna structure has a considerable degree of gain and stability.

Fig. 4C is another embodiment of the radiation field shape corresponding to the vertical signal gain diagram of the asymmetric dipole antenna of the present invention. Here, the frequency of WIFI-4.9GHz to 6.0GHz is used as the test environment, and the asymmetric dipole antenna pair is obtained. Test data for vertical signal gain. As shown in Figure 4C, from left to right are the horizontal field shape, vertical field shape and comprehensive field shape (horizontal + vertical).

From Figure 4C, it can be seen that in the frequency of WIFI-4.9GHz to 6.0GHz, the horizontal radiation field is quite severely deformed, but the vertical radiation field is relatively round overall. After the combination of the two radiation fields, the formed The radiation pattern of the antenna is also approximately circular, which shows that the antenna structure has a considerable degree of gain and stability.

4D is another embodiment of the schematic diagram of the radiation pattern corresponding to the horizontal signal gain of the asymmetric dipole antenna of the present invention. Here, the frequency of WIFI-4.9GHz to 6.0GHz is used as the test environment, and the test data of the horizontal signal gain of the asymmetrical dipole antenna is obtained. As shown in Figure 4D, from left to right are the horizontal field shape, vertical field shape and comprehensive field shape (horizontal + vertical).

It can be seen from Figure 4D that in the WIFI-4.9GHz to 6.0GHz frequency, the gain of the horizontal radiation field and the vertical radiation field at angles of 90 degrees and 270 degrees decreases slightly, but after the combination of the two radiation patterns, the The formed radiation field is slightly elliptical, so the antenna structure has a certain degree of gain and stability in terms of signal transmission and antenna gain.

To sum up, what is described above is only the description of the implementation or examples of the technical means adopted by the present invention to solve the problems, and is not intended to limit the scope of the patent implementation of the present invention. That is, all equivalent changes and modifications that are consistent with the scope of the patent application of the present invention, or made in accordance with the scope of the patent of the present invention, are covered by the protection scope of the patent of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. An asymmetrical dipole antenna, characterized in that it comprises: a substrate; A radiating module is formed by disposing a first metal conductor on the substrate. It has a radiating base, a first radiating arm and a second radiating arm, respectively facing in an orthogonal manner from both ends of the radiating base. Extending in a first direction, the second radiating arm extends from wide to narrow toward the direction of the first radiating arm to form an arc shape with the radiating base that opens toward the first radiating arm, and the radiating base includes a feed point; A grounding module, corresponding to the radiation module at intervals and formed by disposing a second metal conductor on the substrate, has a grounding base, a first grounding arm and a second grounding arm perpendicular to the grounding base, extending toward a second direction from both ends of the grounding base, the second grounding arm is in the shape of a hook bent toward the first grounding arm, and a grounding point is arranged on the grounding base corresponding to the feed-in point, Wherein, the portion where the ground base extends to the first ground arm forms a turning portion with a retracted notch; and A feeder unit is used for electrically feeding the feeding point and the grounding point. 2. The asymmetric dipole antenna according to claim 1, wherein the length from the feeding point to the end of the first radiating arm is equal to the length from the feeding point to the end of the second radiating arm, The length from the ground point to the end of the first ground arm is twice the length from the ground point to the end of the second ground arm. 3. The asymmetrical dipole antenna according to claim 1, wherein the second radiating arm has a first section and a second section perpendicular to each other, and the second section is connected to the first section. Between the section and the radiation base, and perpendicular to the radiation base, the width of the second section is two to three times that of the first section, and the second ground arm includes a connecting section and a hook A section, the connection section is connected between the hook section and the ground base, and is perpendicular to the ground base, and the width of the connection section is twice the width of the hook section.