Summary of the invention
Technical problem:Purpose of the present invention provides a kind of pyridine fluorenes class luminescent material and its preparation method and application, and design is synthetic based on a kind of pyridine fluorenes class luminescent material, and effective material of main part is stablized in preparation, and there is widespread use in it aspect electroluminescent, the memory device.
Technical scheme:The present invention is a kind of pyridine fluorenes class luminescent material and its preparation method and application, and this material is 9 hydrogen atom positions of fluorenes in the pyridine fluorenes class to be replaced with different aromatic rings make its functionalization, and it has following structure:
General formula
I
General formula
IIn, n=1 or 2, Ar are aromatic ring structure, its array structure specific as follows:
。
General formula
IThe compound of representative all contains pyridine fluorenes class, and the functional functional group A r of all introducings all is connected to 9 of fluorenes.
The preparation method of pyridine fluorenes organic electrofluorescent main body luminescent material of the present invention is:
A. get the 2-bromopyridine and join single necked round bottom flask, low temperature stirs under dry ice acetone and nitrogen protection, getting n-Butyl Lithium slowly adds in the reactor, low-temp reaction 0.5-5 hour, get Fluorenone and inject constant pressure funnel with the THF dissolving, and add the ether dilution, be added drop-wise in the reactor, low-temp reaction 1-5 hour, normal-temperature reaction then; Use water treatment, transfer pH to be about neutrality with acetic acid, use dichloromethane extraction, the organic phase anhydrous magnesium sulfate drying, concentrated, column chromatography gets product;
B. get in 9-hydroxyl-9-(2-pyridyl) fluorenes, 2-thiotolene, the acetic acid heated and stirred dissolving adding reactor, then add the vitriol oil, be heated to back flow reaction 10-48 hour, question response is cooled to room temperature, adding cold water stirs, then add aqueous sodium hydroxide solution to solution and be alkalescence, with dichloromethane extraction repeatedly, merge the organic phase anhydrous magnesium sulfate drying; After the drying, decompress filter is also used the washed with dichloromethane siccative, gained filtrate is removed most of solvent with the Rotary Evaporators concentrating under reduced pressure, the crude product that obtains concentrating; Then column chromatography, take ethyl acetate and sherwood oil as washing composition, after the purification white solid product.
Spiro-iridium organic electrophosphorescenmaterial material of the present invention is used for organic electroluminescent diode apparatus, wherein the structure of LED device is transparent anode/luminescent layer/electron injecting layer/negative electrode, wherein, luminescent layer is the Subjective and Objective system, and spiral shell fluorenes xanthene title complex is as the guest materials of luminescent layer.
Device architecture is as follows: suitable guest materials is doped to preparation red, green, blue three primary colours organic electroluminescence device in the synthetic pyridine fluorenes class of design.
But the present invention has 3-D solid structure establishment concentration quenching in conjunction with the pyridine fluorenes, introduces different functional luminous energy group's timely adjustment spectrum and energy level thereof for 9 that are combined in simultaneously fluorenes, thereby reaches synthetic succinct efficiently material of main part.
Beneficial effect:Characterized the complex whorl aryl fluorene material structure by ultimate analysis, infrared spectra (FTIR), nucleus magnetic resonance (NMR), chromaticness online (GCMS), gel chromatography (GPC), by the thermostability that thermogravimetric analysis and differential thermal analysis have been tested material, characterized their light, electrochemical properties by Ultraluminescence spectrum and cyclic voltammetric method.This class material shows good thermostability in thermogravimetric analysis and differential thermal analysis, ultraviolet, fluorescence and electrochemical analysis show that it has good photoelectric properties.Therefore, this class material can be widely used in Organic Light Emitting Diode, organic laser, Organic Electricity memory device, organic field-effect tube etc.
On this basis, design preliminary electroluminescent device and estimated pyridine fluorenes luminescent properties.Wherein the structure of device is transparent anode/luminescent layer/electron injecting layer/negative electrode, wherein the pyridine fluorenes by the vacuum evaporation mode prepare, negative electrode prepares by vacuum coating technology.Experimental result shows: these pyridine fluorenes have shown efficient phosphorescent emissions performance, with FIrpic, Ir (ppy)
3, Ir (MDQ)
2(acac) etc. guest materials is by steamings degree technology realization red, green, blue three-color light-emitting technology.
Major advantage of the present invention is:
1. simple, the mild condition of synthesis step;
2. high thermal stability and second-order transition temperature have been kept.
3. has suitable triplet
4. have suitable HOMO and lumo energy
5. has large space steric effect
Embodiment
Further describe technical scheme of the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment, but these embodiment and unrestricted embodiments of the present invention.The present invention has multiple different embodiment, has more than to be limited to content described in this specification sheets.Those skilled in the art is in the situation of the present application spirit, and the scheme of finishing should be within the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1:9-(2-pyridyl)-9-(2-thienyl) fluorenes
Get successively 9-hydroxyl-9 (2-pyridyl) fluorenes (0.5180 g, 2 mmol), thiophene (1.28 mL, 16 mmol), the dissolving of acetic acid 200 mL heated and stirred, then add the vitriol oil 4 mL and be heated to 120 ℃ of 24 h that reflux.Question response is cooled to room temperature, adds about 100 mL cold water and stirs, and then adds aqueous sodium hydroxide solution to solution and is alkalescence, with dichloromethane extraction repeatedly, merges the organic phase anhydrous magnesium sulfate drying.After the drying, decompress filter is also used the washed with dichloromethane siccative, gained filtrate is removed most of solvent with the Rotary Evaporators concentrating under reduced pressure, the crude product that obtains concentrating.Then column chromatography, take ethyl acetate and sherwood oil as washing composition, after the purification white solid product (productive rate: 40%).GC-MS?(EI)?m/z?325?[M
+];1H?NMR?(400?MHz,?CDCl
3):?δ?(ppm)?8.66?(s,?1H),?7.78?(D,?
J?=?7.52,?2H),?7.69?(D,?
J?=?7.57,?2H),?7.46?(m,?1H),?7.40?(t,?
J?=?6.54,?2H),?7.31?(t,?
J?=?6.57,?2H),?7.13?(m,?2H),?7.05?(D,?
J?=?7.96,?1H),?6.86?(t,?
J?=?3.66,?1H),?6.77?(D,?
J?=?4.62,?1H)。
Synthesizing of embodiment 2:9-(2-pyridyl)-9-(2-thiotolene base) fluorenes:
Get successively 9-hydroxyl-9 (2-pyridyl) fluorenes (0.5180 g, 2 mmol), 2-thiotolene (1.57 mL, 16 mmol), the dissolving of acetic acid 200 mL heated and stirred, then add the vitriol oil 4 mL and be heated to 120 ℃ of backflow 24h.Question response is cooled to room temperature, adds about 100 mL cold water and stirs, and then adds aqueous sodium hydroxide solution to solution and is alkalescence, with dichloromethane extraction repeatedly, merges the organic phase anhydrous magnesium sulfate drying.After the drying, decompress filter is also used the washed with dichloromethane siccative, gained filtrate is removed most of solvent with the Rotary Evaporators concentrating under reduced pressure, the crude product that obtains concentrating.Then column chromatography, take ethyl acetate and sherwood oil as washing composition, after the purification white solid product (productive rate: 42%).GC-MS?(EI)?m/z?325?[M
+];1H?NMR?(400?MHz,?CDCl
3):?δ?(ppm)?8.70?(s,?1H),?7.77?(D,?
J?=?7.55,?2H),?7.68?(D,?
J?=?7.53,?2H),?7.50?(m,?1H),?7.39?(t,?
J?=?7.28,?2H),?7.31?(t,?
J?=?7.44,?2H),?7.11?(t,?
J?=?4.83,?1H),?7.05?(D,?
J?=?7.99,?1H),?6.52?(m,?2H),?2.38?(s,?3H)。
Synthesizing of embodiment 3:9-(2-pyridyl)-9-(2-(2,2-bithienyl)) fluorenes:
Get successively 9-hydroxyl-9 (2-pyridyl) fluorenes (0.5180 g, 2 mmol), 2, then 2-two bithiophenes (0.1663 g, 1 mmol), the dissolving of acetic acid 200 mL heated and stirred add the vitriol oil 4 mL and are heated to 120 ℃ of backflow 24h.Question response is cooled to room temperature, adds about 100 mL cold water and stirs, and then adds aqueous sodium hydroxide solution to solution and is alkalescence, with dichloromethane extraction repeatedly, merges the organic phase anhydrous magnesium sulfate drying.After the drying, decompress filter is also used the washed with dichloromethane siccative, gained filtrate is removed most of solvent with the Rotary Evaporators concentrating under reduced pressure, the crude product that obtains concentrating.Then column chromatography, take ethyl acetate and sherwood oil as washing composition, after the purification white solid product (productive rate: 30%).GC-MS?(EI)?m/z?325?[M
+];1H?NMR?(400?MHz,?CDCl
3):?δ?(ppm)?8.70?(s,?1H),?7.80?(d,?
J?=?7.35,?2H),?7.73?(d,?
J?=?7.57,?2H),?7.45?(m,?3H),?7.40?(t,?
J?=?7.43,?2H),?7.15?(m,?2H),?7.0613?(m,?2H),?6.93?(m,?2H),?6.67?(m,?1H)。
Embodiment 4:2,2-two (9-(2-pyridine)-fluorenyl)-2,2 ', 2 ' '-three thiophene synthetic:
Get successively 9-hydroxyl-9 (2-pyridyl) fluorenes (0.7800 g, 3 mmol), 2,2 ', 2 ' '-dissolving of terthienyl (0.7400 g, 3 mmol), acetic acid 200 mL heated and stirred, then add the vitriol oil 4 mL and be heated to 120 ℃ of backflow 24h.Question response is cooled to room temperature, adds about 100 mL cold water and stirs, and then adds aqueous sodium hydroxide solution to solution and is alkalescence, with dichloromethane extraction repeatedly, merges the organic phase anhydrous magnesium sulfate drying.After the drying, decompress filter is also used the washed with dichloromethane siccative, gained filtrate is removed most of solvent with the Rotary Evaporators concentrating under reduced pressure, the crude product that obtains concentrating.Then column chromatography, take ethyl acetate and sherwood oil as washing composition, after the purification white solid product (productive rate, 17.1 %).GC-MS?(EI)?m/z?325?[M
+];1H?NMR?(400?MHz,?CDCl
3):?δ?(ppm)?8.70?(s,?1H),?8.60?(s,?1H),?7.99?(d,?
J?=?7.86,?2H),?7.70?(d,?
J?=?7.63,2H),?7.61?(d,?
J?=?7.36,?2H),?7.53?(d,?
J?=?7.16,?2H),?7.45?(m,?3H),?7.33?(m,?3H),?7.28?(d,?
J?=7.39,?1H),?7.17?(m,?5H),?7.04?(m,?2H),?6.89?(d,?
J?=?7.19,?1H),?6.71?(d,?
J?=?3.61,?1H),?6.66?(d,?
J?=?5.44,?1H),?6.62?(d,?
J?=?3.70,?1H),?6.43?(d,?
J?=?3.70,?1H),?5.84?(d,?
J?=?3.77,?1H)。
Embodiment 5:9-(2-chloroethyl)-3,6-two (9-(2-pyridine)-fluorenyl) carbazole synthetic
Get successively 9-(2-chloroethyl) carbazole (0.4600 g, 2 mmol), 9-hydroxyl-9 (2-pyridyl) fluorenes (1.0400 g, 4 mmol), acetic acid 200 mL heated and stirred dissolvings, then add the vitriol oil 4 mL and be heated to 120 ℃ of backflow 24h.Question response is cooled to room temperature, adds about 100 mL cold water and stirs, and then adds aqueous sodium hydroxide solution to solution and is alkalescence, with dichloromethane extraction repeatedly, merges the organic phase anhydrous magnesium sulfate drying.After the drying, decompress filter is also used the washed with dichloromethane siccative, gained filtrate is removed most of solvent with the Rotary Evaporators concentrating under reduced pressure, the crude product that obtains concentrating.Then column chromatography, take ethyl acetate and sherwood oil as washing composition, after the purification white solid product (productive rate: 16 %).GC-MS?(EI)?m/z?325?[M
+];1H?NMR?(400?MHz,?CDCl
3):?δ?(ppm)?8.62?(s,?2H),?7.78?(d,?
J?=?7.52,?2H),?7.62?(t,?
J?=?7.28,?2H),?7.47?(t,?
J?=?7.77,2H),?7.37?(t,?
J?=?7.23,?2H),?7.28?(s,?1H),?7.24?(s,?1H),?7.10?(m,?10H),?4.45?(t,?
J?=7.14,?2H),?3.71?(t,?
J?=7.15,?2H)。
Embodiment 6:3,6-two (9-(2-pyridine)-fluorenyl)-N-(2-pyridyl) carbazole and 3-(9-(2-pyridine)-fluorenyl)-N-(2-pyridyl) carbazole synthetic
Get successively N-(2-pyridyl) carbazole (1.4600 g, 6 mmol), 9-hydroxyl-9-(2-pyridyl) fluorenes (1.5500 g, 6 mmol), acetic acid 200 mL heated and stirred dissolvings, then add the vitriol oil 4 mL and be heated to 120 ℃ of 24 h that reflux.Question response is cooled to room temperature, adds about 100 mL cold water and stirs, and then adds aqueous sodium hydroxide solution to solution and is alkalescence, with dichloromethane extraction repeatedly, merges the organic phase anhydrous magnesium sulfate drying.After the drying, decompress filter is also used the washed with dichloromethane siccative, gained filtrate is removed most of solvent with the Rotary Evaporators concentrating under reduced pressure, the crude product that obtains concentrating.Then column chromatography, take ethyl acetate and sherwood oil as washing composition, after the purification white solid product (productive rate, 3,6-two (9-(2-pyridine)-fluorenyl)-N-(2-pyridyl) carbazole: 43.8%; 3-(9-(2-pyridine)-fluorenyl)-N-(2-pyridyl) carbazole: 4.6 %).
3,6-two (9-(2-pyridine)-fluorenyl)-N-(2-pyridyl) carbazole: MODI-TOF (EI) m/z 726 [M
+];
1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl
3):
δ(ppm) 8.74 (s, 3H), 8.13 (d,
J=7.84,5H), 7.93 (t,
J=7.88,3H), 7.85 (d,
J=8.25,5H), 7.65 (d,
J=8.18,3H), 7.45 (t,
J=7.87,6H), 7.32 (m, 9H).
13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl
3):
δ(ppm) 151.87,149.66,139.58,138.45,126.21,124.31,121.22,120.91,120.21,119.09,111.12.
3-(9-(2-pyridine)-fluorenyl)-N-(2-pyridyl) carbazole: GC-MS (EI) m/z 485 [M
+];
1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl
3):
δ(ppm) 8.67 (s, 2H), 7.87 (m, 2H), 7.81 (t,
J=7.89,3H), 7.71 (m, 4H), 7.58 (d,
J=8.18,1H), 7.50 (t,
J=7.80,1H), 7.38 (m, 3H), 7.30 (t,
J=7.50,2H), 7.23 (m, 2H), 7.18 (t,
J=2.45,1H), 7.14 (m, 2H).
13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl
3):
δ(ppm) 162.35,151.90,149.78,140.45,139.77,138.71,138.33,127.72,127.67,126.91,126.74,126.04,124.38,124.45,121.66,121.54,120.98,120.66,120.25,120.16,119.03,118.77,111.08,67.28.
Fig. 8 is to be with 3 with 3-(9-(2-pyridine)-fluorenyl)-N-(2-pyridyl) carbazole, Fig. 9,6-two (9-(2-pyridine)-fluorenyl)-N-(2-pyridyl) carbazole, Figure 10 are with 2,2-two (9-(2-pyridine)-fluorenyl)-2,2 ', 2 ' '-three thiophene is respectively blue, green, the red three kinds of color electroluminescent spectrograms of material of main part of device; Wherein
B1,
B4,
G1,
R1All take 3-(9-(2-pyridine)-fluorenyl)-N-(2-pyridyl) carbazole as material of main part;
B2,
G2,
R2Be material of main part with 3,6-two (9-(2-pyridine)-fluorenyl)-N-(2-pyridyl) carbazole all;
B3,
G3,
R3All be divided into material of main part with 2,2-two (9-(2-pyridine)-fluorenyl)-2,2 ', 2 ' '-three thiophene.Respectively with Firpic, Ir (ppy)
3, Ir (MDQ)
2(acac) blue, green, the red three primary colours electroluminescent device of guest materials preparation.