CN102892689A

CN102892689A - Discharge cone

Info

Publication number: CN102892689A
Application number: CN2011800200981A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 斯蒂芬·海莫尔; J·科沃尔
Original assignee: Uhde GmbH
Current assignee: ThyssenKrupp Industrial Solutions AG
Priority date: 2010-04-29
Filing date: 2011-04-08
Publication date: 2013-01-23
Also published as: DE102010018841A1; UA107828C2; RU2012146438A; EP2563692A1; US20130202369A1; CA2796528A1; KR20130113924A; EP2563692B1; ZA201208938B; BR112012027426A2; AU2011247444A1; TW201201897A; WO2011134594A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for discharging fine-grained solids from a container (1), wherein the container has a discharge cone (5) in the lower region, the discharge cone opens into a discharge opening and into a discharge device, with means for fluidizing or aerating the solid matter, the discharge cone has a projection in the form of a gap (10) with a plurality of openings (12), through each of which a gas can be supplied, each of the void-like protrusions being masked towards the central axis of the discharge cone, the void-like protrusions being misaligned with the central axis of the discharge cone, and wherein the interstices of these interstice-like projections are closed by a covering metal sheet (11), the cover metal plates have circular or slot-shaped openings, and the interspaces extend in downward direction.

Description

Discharge cone

Solid fuel, the compound of many different types of coals, mud coal, hydrogenation residue, residual material, waste material, living beings and flying dust or these materials for example, its thermal transition is normally carried out under the pressure that raises and high temperature, its objective is to produce rough forming gas, this forming gas has high energy content and/or has preferred composition for further chemosynthesis.Feasible thermal conversion processes can be pressure combustion or according to the pressurized gasification of fluid bed or smoke gas flow process for example.

These are crossed the fuel that range request will store and pulverize to obtain fine grained under normal pressure and environmental conditions, and make these particles reach thermal transition stress level so that they can be sent in the pressurized reactor.The transmission of thin fine fuel and relay storage are essential to this purpose.In order to make fuel reach the stress level of reactor, usually use gate system, fuel is lifted to required pressure in the container that in succession arranges each other therein.Key index for processing safety is: even reliable ability that still can emptying receptacles after these containers have been lifted to higher system pressure.

In order to discharge from container safely superfine and solid particulate, according to known prior art, number of ways is possible in theory.

is in being exposed to atmospheric large-scale storage cabin, and solid material takes out by means of mechanical device usually, such as the reamer arm etc.

in theory, the random fill of solid matter can be by changing into the fluid bed state to antigravity ground supply gas.In this case, fluid bed shows to such an extent that be similar to liquid and can pass through the outflows such as outlet port, horizontal nozzle.A shortcoming is to need a large amount of gas.Very thin particle can only change into uniform fluid bed under the difficulty greatly, and this fact has been aggravated above-mentioned situation.

Another possibility that allows solid matter to discharge from container of is, considers the character of discrete material and the outlet geometry of taper is provided.The outflow of solid material from cone can be by supporting via cone wall or at cone wall interpolation gas.This gas flow is usually less than the required amount of fluidisation, and the wall friction of discrete material is invalid and/or is enough to prevent from forming in the part trend of bridge joint (Br ü ckenbildung) but it is enough to.

Rear a kind of method is preferred variant in above-mentioned gasification facility, and wherein fine grain fuel must be processed under barometric pressure and high pressure.Therefore limit required gas flow and cancelled simultaneously mechanical INT COMP.

Represented prior art via multihole device feed gas in the discharge cone.Multihole device preferably is made of sintering metal, but they also can be to be made of other porous mediums.The use of aerated materials has caused some shortcoming aspect process and operative technique.

itself depends in admissible aperture the particle size range that pending solid matter and/or its particulate are arranged.Correspondingly, the aperture only can be reduced to a rational yardstick, and this is the particle diameter of desired reservation and the result of circulating pressure loss.In fact verified, even the aperture is very little, this porous medium also stops up in time.Reason is, has pending thin fine fuel always to have certain particle size range, in this scope in addition the thinnest particle also may be deposited in the hole.Yet, the rubbing effect of this fuel in container and the most fine grain appearance that the processing of this fuel has been caused same meeting plugging hole.Though attempt to offset obstruction to porous medium by for good and all sending into gas flow, the enforcement in the reality show, this is only applicable to prolong the service life of multihole device and basic problem still exists.

The aerated materials has the intensity lower than equal solid material inevitably, and therefore, if be attended by blasting of gas, it can only be worked by this way so: but the mechanical impact force of the maximum correlations press drop on this aerated materials-namely caused by difference of pressure and overlay area-be not exceeded.Unsuitable processing or unsafe pressure raise and may therefore cause the damage of aerated materials in the operation.

Another shortcoming relevant with process technology of is, aerated materials can only come air-blowing with agranular gas.For example, can not use in expanding from storage tank, by the gas of particle contamination, because aerated materials will be blocked at the gas supply side.

The aerated materials requires special manufacturing capacity, technology and experience when together processing with the steel that uses in the container manufacturing of classics, especially for example in the situation of the sintering metal that highly welds.This is quite expensive.

German patent specification DE 4108048C2 has disclosed multiple gases supply element, and they are introduced in the tapering part of a head tank, in order to realize the fluidisation of solid material random fill, its purpose is to cause from the outside pneumatic conveying of this head tank.Therefore, with the porose inboard that is installed in this cone with the tube elements that is used for the gas supply of a plurality of outfits.

EP 348008B1 proposes, guarantee constant solid matter mass flow from a container with a conical outlet, its mode for by vertically be inserted into the solid matter random fill from the top, in this conical vessel section and a near mesotube outlet come supply gas.In addition, come supply gas by tapered wall, described tapered wall is designed and is constructed to porous medium.

WO 2004/085578A1 has disclosed a kind of gate container, and this container provides gas supply element in conical vessel section inboard, makes this container reach order to mark pressure by these elements.These elements are equipped with multihole device, and gas is supplied by these multihole devices.

At US 5,106, a kind of cone has been proposed among the 240A, it provides a plurality of multihole devices, and gas is sent in the solid material random fill by these multihole devices, and its purpose is to obtain the solid matter stream of equilibrium and homogeneous.

WO 89/11378A1 proposes by insert a plurality of multihole devices in the cone in storage cabin, in order to allow to obtain all streams of even homogeneous.At US 4,941, the gas supply device that discloses among the 779A is also attempted the purpose that reaches same.Difference is, described device is immersed in this random fill, at this supply gas partly, in order to also guarantee to obtain the as far as possible material stream of homogeneous from set discharge port.Wherein also used multihole device, in order to supply a gas in the random fill that is formed by fine grained.

US 2006/013660A1 describes a kind of fluidisation cone in detail, and this cone comprises required flange connector, and these flanges are fixed on the container.According to this explanation, the inwall of its taper is made of porous materials.

CH 209788 has described the reservoir that is used for the dust-like goods, this reservoir has a hopper, this hopper imports in the downtake, wherein keep off the central authorities of this hopper towards this downtake migration in the thin layer of air in this bucket wall place, simultaneously, the air that passes the rising of hopper central authorities outwards promotes dust towards bucket wall, avoided thus the formation of bridge joint.

Therefore, now, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of discharge cone, this cone is filled with gas to be used for discharging the from container fine particle solid material, and this cone has overcome by using aerated materials shortcoming that cause, relevant with process technology and having satisfied following requirement:

does not use aerated materials,

does not rely on the grain diameter scope of this discrete material,

But the application load has the gas of particle to carry out the gas supply,

is to the not restriction of admissible loss of pressure.

Discharge cone of the present invention has realized that this purpose is to be

This container of has a discharge cone in lower region thereof,

This discharge cone of imports in a discharge port and the discharge device,

provides the device that carries out fluidisation or ventilation for to this solid matter,

This discharge cone of have at least one be in the space form and with the salient of a plurality of openings,

can come supply gas by in these openings of this space shape salient each,

is characterized in that,

The salient of each space shape of is covered towards the central axial line of this discharge cone,

The salient of these space shapes of and the central axial line of this discharge cone also do not line up, and wherein

These spaces of the salient of these space shapes of are closed by covered metal plate, and these covered metal plates have the opening of circle or line of rabbet joint shape.

extends in downward direction in these spaces.

Imagination in a kind of configuration, these spaces are that the tapered segment by lateral overlap forms.Imagination in another kind configuration, in an inclined direction extend in these spaces, and the gas vent side all is spiral orientation on tangential and Way out, namely it also have one radially-vertical part.Correspondingly, it is also conceivable that these spaces are overlapping by self, be in that the section of inclination tapered segment form forms.

Other configuration relates to these spaces and by wherein and its opening of supply gas.Therefore, for example these spaces can be capped metal sheet and close, and these covered metal plates have opening circular or line of rabbet joint shape.These openings can also have the shape of nozzle.These openings are preferably more than the maximum particle diameter of the solid matter in this discharge cone.So the thickness of covered metal plate can be selected as than bore dia large 3 times, in order to give the gas a fluid stream a specific direction.In the upper area in space, can by with the lower area in space in compare less spacing these openings be provided.Similarly, these holes can have than cross section larger in the lower area in upper area, so as can to supply with conic section long-pending relevant and with the air-flow of the matched of being correlated with.

In other favourable configurations, also can adopt outlet pipe or outlet nozzle to come instead of holes, so that the space angle might select the gas a fluid stream to enter in this discharge cone the time.Depend on the discharge material, with respect to the horizontal plane the angle of 30 degree, maximum 45 degree is desirable up or down, and this angle is inwardly measured towards the central axial line of discharge cone near the round tangent line the gas vent point.

Device of the present invention describes in detail by 5 accompanying drawings, and these accompanying drawings only represent the structure example of apparatus of the present invention.

Fig. 1 has showed the reservoir vessel 1 with a creative discharge cone 5.

Fig. 2 and 3A discharge cone of having showed the space with a plurality of in the vertical directions extensions.

Fig. 4Showed the variant with the entrance opening of improvement.

Fig. 5Showed the discharge cone with the space, these spaces have a leaning angle towards central axial line.

Fig. 1Showed a reservoir vessel 1 with creative discharge cone 5, thin fine fuel 2 by pneumatically or gravity be sent to wherein.Gas 3 leaves from reservoir vessel 1 via gas filter 4, and thin fine fuel enters container 1, and it sinks in the discharge cone 5 therein.In the situation that pneumatically fill reservoir vessel 1, gas 3 comprises the gas of carrying gas and being arranged by brought into solid matter in container.In the situation that gravity is filled, gas 3 is mainly by the gas composition that is arranged.Discharge cone 5 comprises a pressure sleeve 6, and this pressure sleeve is filled with gas-pressurized 7.The extraction 9 of thin fine fuel realizes by gate 8.

Fig. 2 and 3Showed separately a discharge cone 5 with space 10, these space in the vertical directions extend, and gas 3 flows out from these spaces on tangential.Fig. 2 has also showed half of opening angle γ of discharge cone.These spaces are closed with metal sheet 11, have inserted a plurality of holes 12 in these metal sheets, and gas-pressurized 7 can be incorporated into the discharge cone 5 from pressure cuffs 6 by these holes.Although the space 10 that Fig. 3 shows from line of centers see be crested and have a salient 13, yet the space 10 shown in Fig. 2 is open.The advantage that variant shown in Figure 3 has is, before hole 12, do not form and stop angle (Sch ü ttkegel) and prevented that thin fine fuel 2 is back in the pressure cuffs 6 by hole 12, even do not apply gaseous tension a given moment herein, for example in batch mode of operation.Yet the construction of variant shown in Figure 3 is more expensive.

Fig. 4 has showed variant shown in Figure 3, but with the entrance opening of improvement reducing the high strain and stress that cone wall was exposed, this heavily stressed is owing to the tangential outflow from the gas flow of the opening in the space 10 causes.This entrance opening is modified to a fluid stream that makes the gas flow that draws and can spatially aligns.Textural, this can realize in the following way: will not draw among the metal sheet 11(Fig. 4 in the space 10) be embodied as very thick and heavy metal sheet and correspondingly pore 12 is provided, these pores are inserted in the metal sheet 11 with the angle that limits; Thin metal sheet 11 perhaps is provided, settles thin outlet pipe or outlet nozzle 14 thereon, for example can be by simply being bent to a suitable direction with they alignment.Such outlet pipe or outlet nozzle 14 are installed in the cone inboard with preferably flushing, are protruding towards the side of space outerpace, like this so that the direction of a fluid stream can align with the simple mechanism on this raised side.

Advantageously, set following angle in order to align these outlet pipes or outlet nozzle 14.Correspondingly, adopt cartesian coordinate system as the basis.Its initial point is positioned at point of puncture, and an one vertical y-z plane parallel is extended in the central axis of cone, and the x-y plane that another is vertical and cone central axis intersect, and the 3rd x-z plane represents horizontal surface.Considered the angle at the axis of discharge cone outside upper outlet pipe and/or outlet nozzle 14 in Fig. 4, wherein they are easily to measure under the state after the installation.Be applicable to gas vent angle corresponding, that enter discharge cone like the identical content class.

Therefore, a fluid stream axis (corresponding to the axis of outlet pipe or outlet nozzle 14) is positioned on the horizontal section of this cone and extends through the initial point of this system of axes at the projection 15 on the x-z plane of level and tangent line 16() between angle [alpha] between 0 to 45 degree.In addition, corresponding to the angle beta between the x-z plane of a fluid stream axis of the axis of outlet pipe or outlet nozzle 14 and level be at 30 degree upwards to the scopes of downward 30 degree.

Fig. 5 has showed another kind of discharge cone, and this cone has the space 10 of downward sensing, and extend with hand of spiral in these spaces.These space 10 usefulness metal sheets 11 are closed, and have inserted a plurality of holes 12 in these metal sheets, and gas-pressurized 7 can be incorporated into the discharge cone 5 from pressure cuffs 6 by these holes.Because this spiral arrangement, can obtain to be similar to a kind of outflow behavior of trickle comminution of fuel of the outflow behavior of liquid outlet.

List of numerals

1 reservoir vessel

2 thin fine fuel

3 gases

4 gas filters

5 discharge cone

The line of centers of 5a discharge cone

6 pressure cuffs

7 gas-pressurizeds

8 gates

9 extract out

10 spaces

11 metal sheets

12 holes

13 salients

14 outlet pipes or outlet nozzle

The line of centers of 14a outlet pipe or outlet nozzle

15 projections

16 tangent lines

Claims (according to the modification of the 19th of treaty)

1. be used for discharging from container (1) device of fine particle solid material,

Wherein this container (1) has a discharge cone (5) in lower area,

This discharge cone imports in a discharge port and the discharge device (8),

The device that carries out fluidisation or ventilation for to this solid matter is provided,

This discharge cone have at least one be in space (10) form and with the salient (11) of a plurality of openings (12),

Can come supply gas by in these openings (12) of this space shape salient (11) each,

It is characterized in that,

The salient of each space shape (11) is covered towards the central axial line (5a) of this discharge cone,

The central axial line of the salient of these space shapes (11) and this discharge cone does not also line up, and wherein

These spaces of the salient of these space shapes (11) are closed by covered metal plate (11), and these covered metal plates have the opening (12) of circle or line of rabbet joint shape,

Extend in downward direction in these spaces of (20).

2. device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, these spaces (10) are that a plurality of cone sections by lateral overlap form.

3. device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, extend in the direction that tilts these spaces (10), and this gas vent side is spiral orientation in the direction of tangential and exit opening.

4. device according to claim 3 is characterized in that, a plurality of sections of the cone section form that these spaces (10) overlapping by self, be in inclination form.

5. any one described device in 4 according to claim 1 is characterized in that, these openings (12) are configured as form of nozzle.

6. any one described device in 5 according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the diameter of these openings (12) is greater than the largest particles diameter of this fine particle solid material that remains to be discharged from this container (1).

7. any one described device in 6 according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the thickness of this covered metal plate (11) is selected as large at least 3 times of diameter (12) than this hole.

8. any one described device in 7 according to claim 1 is characterized in that, these openings (12) have less spacing or also have larger cross section with comparing in lower area in the upper area of this space (10).

9. any one described device in 8 according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the line of centers of these openings has formed an angle between 0 degree is spent with 45 with respect to a tangent line at this discharge cone place in horizontal projection.

10. any one described device in 9 according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the line of centers of these openings angle between 0 and 30 degree that with respect to the horizontal plane tilted up or down.

Claims

1. be used for discharging from container the device of fine particle solid material,

Wherein this container has a discharge cone in lower area,

This discharge cone imports in a discharge port and the discharge device,

This discharge cone have at least one be in the space form and with the salient of a plurality of openings,

Can come supply gas by in these openings of this space shape salient each,

It is characterized in that,

The salient of each space shape is covered towards the central axial line of this discharge cone,

The salient of these space shapes and the central axial line of this discharge cone also do not line up, and wherein

These spaces of the salient of these space shapes are closed by covered metal plate, and these covered metal plates have the opening of circle or line of rabbet joint shape,

Extend in downward direction in these spaces.

2. device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, these spaces are that a plurality of cone sections by lateral overlap form.

3. device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, extend in the direction that tilts in these spaces, and this gas vent side is spiral orientation in the direction of tangential and exit opening.

4. device according to claim 3 is characterized in that, the section of the cone section form that these spaces are overlapping by self, be in inclination forms.

5. any one described device in 4 according to claim 1 is characterized in that, these openings are configured as form of nozzle.

6. any one described device in 5 according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the diameter of these openings is greater than the largest particles diameter of this solid matter.

7. any one described device in 6 according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the thickness of this covered metal plate is selected as than the diameter in this hole large at least 3 times.

8. any one described device in 7 according to claim 1 is characterized in that, these openings have less spacing or also have larger cross section with comparing in lower area in the upper area in this space.