CN102832570A - Clamping device for large-section expanded diameter conductors - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a wire gripping device for a large-section diameter-expanding wire, which relates to the field of power transmission line construction equipment and construction technology. The clamp is especially suitable for the anchoring connection in the tension erection construction of large cross-section support type high-density polyethylene wire expansion wire and sparsely wound round wire concentric stranded aluminum wire. At the same time, it can also be used for larger cross-section Anchor connection for concentrically stranded aluminum conductors of layered round wires. The wire clamping device of the present invention has a large load-bearing capacity when anchored, no slippage, and the structure of the clamped part of the wire has no deformation and no indentation on the surface; the weight of the wire clamping device is reduced, which is convenient for high-altitude operations; The anchoring connection of cross-section enlarged wires provides a safe and reliable guarantee, and solves a major problem of lack of clamping tools for enlarged diameter wires in the wiring construction.

Description

A Large-Section Expanding Diameter Wire Clamping Device

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of power transmission line construction equipment and construction technology, and in particular relates to a large cross-section diameter-expanding wire gripping device.

Background technique

For transmission lines with special requirements on corona resistance performance such as high voltage level, large transmission capacity, and high altitude areas, on the premise of meeting the requirements of transmission capacity and line engineering, the use of new structural conductors with large cross-sections and enlarged diameters can reduce The total weight of the conductor and the number of conductor splits; reduce the tower load and structural weight, and reduce the engineering cost of the line. In the process of stringing, the method of crimping the wires in the air is often used, and the clamping work of the wires must be completed in the air. In this way, the requirements for the wire clamp are higher. It can be seen that the performance of the wire clamp plays a very important role in the quality of the stringing. important role.

According to the specific working conditions and requirements of the wire gripper, the structure of the wire gripper at home and abroad is divided into two types. One is the jaw-type wire gripper, which has two types: the jaw is not glued and the jaw is glued; the other is The first type is a wedge-shaped wire clamp, which is generally used in the construction of optical fibers in China. my country's round wire concentric twisted conductors generally use this kind of clamp without glue on the jaws. At present, there are many patents, such as: the patent number is CN200980159448.5, and the invention patent application named "cable clamp" provides a A wire gripper which has good operability in the wire-drawing action and can clamp the wire-like body without adding unnecessary load to the wire-like body during the wire-drawing action. Its technical solution is: the wire clamping device includes a fixed end clamping part and a movable end clamping part, a first action part that makes the movable end clamping part move forward and backward, and a second action part that is connected to the first action part through a connecting rod. One end of each of the two action parts is installed on the body in a freely rotatable manner, the other end of the first action part is installed on one end of the connecting rod in a freely rotatable manner, and the other end of the second action part is rotatable. It is installed in the middle of the connecting rod in a free-rotating manner. By pulling the other end of the connecting rod in a direction roughly parallel to the clamping part of the fixed end and the movable end, the connecting rod, the second action part and the first action part are linked , and make the wire clamping part of the movable end move forward relative to the clamping part of the fixed end.

The application number is CN201120108487.7, and the utility model patent with the invention name "clamping device" discloses a cable clamping device, which includes a main board forming the main body of the four-link structure of the wire clamping device, a connecting plate, a pull arm, and the right side of the main board. Horizontal through slot, pull ring, lower jaw and upper jaw, there is a section of circular arc through slot in the middle of the main board; the back of the upper jaw is hinged on the connecting lever at the left side, and the right end is clamped to the main board through a pin shaft In the circular arc slot; the direction and radian of the arc slot should ensure that the upper jaw is always parallel to the edge of the lower jaw; there is a spring bracket on the pull arm, and a spring bracket is installed on the spring bracket so that the wire clamp can Self-returning spring. The edges of the upper and lower jaws of the wire gripper are always kept parallel to each other in any state.

Another application number is CN200920070588.2, and the invention name is a utility model patent of "a wire clamp". Its technical solution is a wire clamp for glued wires. Plate, pull ring, upper jaw, lower jaw, main board, pull arm, safety hook, main board and lower jaw are connected by three pin shafts, connecting plate and lower jaw are connected by pin shafts; connecting plate, upper jaw 1. One end of the safety hook is connected by a pin shaft; the connecting plate and the main board are connected by a pin shaft; the upper jaw and the lower jaw are provided with a ∪-shaped wire clamping cavity on the two surfaces for the wire, and the wire clamping cavity The inner surface is provided with wavy concave-convex points.

The above-mentioned patents are all applicable to concentrically twisted common conductors of three-layer round wires with a smaller diameter and below. Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of a three-layer round wire concentrically twisted aluminum wire. , the main problems are: 1. The length of the jaws is too short, which exceeds the allowable inspection stress of the expanded wire; 2. The parallelism of the jaws is poor, and the local stress is too concentrated; The same helical wire will inevitably damage the surface of the wire; 4. The breaking force of the clamping wire is less than 50% of the rated breaking force (the standard value is 90% of the rated breaking force); 5. The upper and lower jaws and the wire are three Point contact is not suitable for expanded wires; 6. The glue on the surface of the jaws is easy to fall off, causing the wire clamp to slip. The above problems will seriously deform the section of the expanded wire; the surface layer will be damaged or broken; the gripping force will be reduced; Casualty accidents, therefore, for the large-section expanded-diameter wire of this special structure, a special wire clamp must be designed.

Due to the provisions of DL5009.2 "Safety Work Regulations for Electric Power Construction Part 2: Overhead Power Lines" and DL/T 875 "Basic Requirements for Design and Test of Transmission Line Construction Equipment" in the power industry standard, there should be no slippage of the wire clamp during construction. , The wire should not be damaged. However, the ordinary round wire concentric twisted aluminum wire clamp cannot meet the requirements for the use of expanded wires. Usually, different wire structures and wire diameters are equipped with special wire clamps during construction. The optimal design of structural parameters such as the balance force system of the wire clamp structure, the shape of the clamp body, the length of the jaws, the maximum opening of the jaws, and the bevels at both ends of the jaws have made the wire clamps and wires reach an ideal stress state. While ensuring the grip strength, the wire clamp does not slip and does not damage the wire, providing a safe and reliable anchoring tool for the expanded wire.

According to the relevant standards, the large cross-section expansion wire clamp should meet the following performance requirements:

1) Under the rated load, the wire should have no indentation, no deformation and no relative slippage;

2) Under the action of 1.25 times the rated load, the wire should have no indentation or deformation (no flattening, no slip marks and bird's nest deformation on the surface);

3) Under the action of 2 times the rated load, the wire clamp has no obvious relative slippage, and the wire clamp should be installed and disassembled freely after unloading;

4) The safety factor should not be less than 3.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a large cross-section expanding wire gripper, which is especially suitable for the tension of large cross-section supported high-density polyethylene expanding wires and sparsely wound round wire concentric twisted aluminum wires (hereinafter referred to as expanding wires). Wire construction, at the same time, can also be used for the anchoring connection of larger cross-section four-layer round wire concentric twisted aluminum conductors (hereinafter referred to as ordinary wires). The present invention provides The invention discloses a clamping device for connecting a large-section enlarged-diameter wire used for stringing construction with an anchoring force-bearing system, which plays the role of transmitting the tension force of the expanded-diameter wire in the working state.

For realizing above-mentioned purpose of the invention, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is:

A large cross-section expanded-diameter wire clamp, the clamp is a four-link structure, including an upper splint and a constant pressure plate arranged in parallel and hinged at point C, hinged with the upper splint at point D, and the The fixed pressure plate is hinged to the dynamic pressure plate at point E, hinged to the pull plate and the pull ring at point B, and the tie plate and the dynamic pressure plate are hinged at point A; the right side of the fixed pressure plate is provided with a slide through the thickness direction. Groove, the hinge point of the pull plate and the pull ring can slide between the two ends of the chute; the improvements are:

The distance between the hinge point A and the far end of the chute is _L1 , the distance between the hinge points A and E is _L2 , and the horizontal distance between the hinge point E and the far end of the chute is L ₃ , then:

L ₁ =(7.10～7.14)d;

L ₂ =(7.68～7.72)d;

L ₃ =(11.30～11.34)d;

d is the wire diameter;

The inner surfaces of the upper splint and the constant pressure plate are respectively provided with smooth jaws to clamp arc surfaces, and both ends of the arc surfaces are provided with slope sections and arc transition sections.

Another preferred technical solution of the present invention is: the arc depth h≥16mm of the arc surface clamped by the jaws, and the arc angle α≥152° of the arc surface.

Another preferred technical solution of the present invention is: the slope γ of the slope section of the circular arc surface ≥ 10°, and the length of the slope section ≥ 30mm.

Another preferred technical solution of the present invention is: the length L of the upper splint and the constant pressure plate = [(9.23-9.27)d-20] mm, and the maximum distance between the upper splint and the constant pressure plate is ≤1.05d.

Another preferred technical solution of the present invention is: the installation parallelism of the upper splint and the constant pressure plate is ≤0.3mm.

Another preferred technical solution of the present invention is: a torsion spring is arranged on the pulling plate.

Another preferred technical solution of the present invention is: when the hinge point of the pull plate and the pull ring is close to the far end of the chute, the wire clamp is in an unloaded state; the hinge point of the pull plate and the pull ring is close to the proximal end of the chute When pointing, the clamp is in a clamped state.

Due to the adoption of the above-mentioned technical scheme, the present invention not only solves the anchoring connection problem of various special structure-expanded wires with a large cross-section of ^900mm2 and above, but is also suitable for the anchoring connection of ordinary wires with a larger cross-section of four layers or more. Compared with the device, the beneficial effects of the present invention include:

1. When anchoring, the bearing capacity is large, there is no slippage, and the structure of the clamped part of the wire is not deformed, and the surface of the jaw is a smooth arc surface, so there is no indentation on the surface of the wire;

2. The lever ratios L ₁ , L ₂ and L ₃ of the connecting rod mechanism are designed reasonably, and the range of structure applicable to the expansion wire structure is wide, and the clamping performance is good;

3. The parallelism of the upper and lower jaws is good, the parallel deviation between the upper splint and the constant pressure plate is less than 0.3mm, the surface of the wire and the jaws always maintain a sufficient contact force area, and the two ends of the jaws are equipped with slope sections and arcs The transition section will not produce stress concentration in the clamped state;

4. Combined with the material characteristics of the wire and the jaw, the jaw adopts a smooth surface design, and its surface heat treatment and roughness require accurate positioning and reasonable design;

5. Under the premise of using special high-strength steel, each component has been optimized in structure, which reduces the weight of the wire clamp and facilitates high-altitude operations;

6. Good clamping performance provides a safe and reliable guarantee for the anchoring connection of large-section expanded-diameter wires, and solves a major problem in the lack of clamping tools for expanded-diameter wires in wiring construction.

Description of drawings

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the expanded diameter wire applicable to the wire clamp; Form 1;

Fig. 2 is the second schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the expanded diameter wire applicable to the wire clamp;

Fig. 3 is the third schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the expanded diameter wire applicable to the wire gripper;

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the expanded diameter wire applicable to the wire gripper Form IV;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a three-layer round aluminum conductor;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the working state of the clamping device (applied in the tension stringing construction of the transmission line);

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure (minimum opening position) of the wire gripper;

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the main structural parameters of the wire gripper;

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of the jaws of the upper and lower splints;

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a large cross-section enlarged diameter wire clamped by the jaws;

Reference signs:

1-wire, 2-clamp, 3-upper splint, 4-fixed pressure plate, 5-pull ring, 6-pull plate, 7-spring clamping parts, 8-dynamic pressure plate, 9-chute;

A, B, C, D, E linkage hinge points;

Distance between L1, L2, L3 hinge points;

H maximum opening distance;

γ the slope of the upper and lower splints;

The contact surface of the C jaw is long;

R arc radius;

h arc depth;

α arc angle.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with example the present invention is described in detail.

The reasonable bearing capacity system of the lever-type connecting rod mechanism and the optimal contact surface matching technology between the jaw and the expanding wire provide a wire clamp suitable for anchoring the expanding wire and meeting the requirements of construction standards.

Fig. 1 to Fig. 4 are cross-sectional diagrams of wires with different diameter-expanding structures applicable to the present invention. Figure 1 The inner ring of the expanded diameter conductor is completely evacuated, the steel core is wrapped with insulating material, and then two layers of aluminum single wire are supported by cross-shaped high-density polyethylene; the middle layer aluminum wire of the expanded diameter conductor is drawn in proportion to the strands in Figure 2 and Figure 3, and the structure is loose , uneven force. Figure 4 is another form of expanded diameter wire. Since the contact force on the surface of the wire cannot be transmitted evenly, the tensile force of the wire is reduced, and the compressed part is easily deformed. In addition, the diameter of the wire and the rated working load are unprecedented. The technology of the present invention is mainly to reasonably solve the normal pressure of the wire clamp Between friction and slippage and wire damage; inherent contradiction between load and weight. Through the reasonable matching of the lever ratio L1:L2:L3 (lever force system) between the joints of the linkage mechanism and the shape and parameters of the jaws, the force-bearing system is in the best state, so as to ensure the grip force without slipping, Result without damaging the wire.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a common three-layer aluminum wire.

The wire clamp is a necessary connection tool when the erected wire needs to be anchored during the wire erection construction such as setting out, breaking the wire, tightening the wire, and installing accessories. Pull in the tensioning system. Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the working state of the expanded-diameter conductor gripping device when clamping the conductor during the construction of the tensioned wire of the transmission line. In the anchoring system, the wire gripper should undertake the transmission of more than 25% of the wire breaking force. During construction, connect the wire clamp and the anchor rope (traction rope) with the expanded wire, so that the tension of the wire is transmitted to the anchor rope, so as to realize the retraction and release of the wire, adjust the sag of the wire, connect the wire, install accessories and replace the wire, etc. .

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the expanding diameter wire clamping device. This structure is a lever linkage mechanism. Platen 8. The constant pressure plate 4 is provided with a chute 9, and the chute 9 runs through the thickness direction of the wire clamp. The chute 9 has two endpoints, and the endpoint close to the edge of the constant pressure plate 4 is defined as the far end point of the chute 9, which is close to the interior of the constant pressure plate 4. The end point of is defined as the proximal end point of the chute 9. The mechanism is applied with an external force by the pull ring 5. In the process of clamping the expanded wire 1, the external force is the tension of the force system, and the tension is transmitted to the dynamic pressure plate 8, the upper splint 3, the wire 1 and the constant pressure plate 4 through the pull plate 6. . Due to the leverage, the upper and lower splints produce a clamping force greater than the pulling force. Under the action of the clamping force, the expanded diameter wire and the upper and lower splints generate frictional force, which overcomes the pulling force of the wire and prevents the wire from slipping out, achieving the clamping force of the wire. Purpose, at this time, the hinge point B of the pull ring 5 and the pull plate 6 is located near the proximal end of the chute 9, and the wire clamp is in the minimum opening state. When the wire clamp 2 is disassembled, the external force is the thrust given to the pull ring 5 by the staff, and the thrust is transmitted to the dynamic pressure plate 8 through the pull plate 6, so that the pull ring 5 moves along the horizontal groove on the fixed pressure plate 4, pushing the pull plate 6 and The movable platen 8 rotates around point E, and at the same time, the movable platen 8 drives the upper splint 3 to move up, and the jaws are opened. At this time, the hinge point B of the pull ring 5 and the pull plate 6 is located near the far end point of the chute 9. position, the cable clamp is in the state of maximum opening.

A special torsion spring 7 is installed on the pull plate 6 of the wire gripper 2, which can ensure a more effective pre-clamping force when there is no external force. When in use, you only need to push point B, the splint opens, place the wire 1 in the splint, release the clamp 2, and under the action of the torsion spring 7, the upper and lower splints can clamp the wire 1. When an external force is applied, Because it is a lever linkage mechanism, as the pulling force increases, the frictional force becomes larger and larger, thereby realizing the function of the wire gripper 2 .

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the main structural parameters of the wire clamp. The present invention considers the structure and parameters of the wire clamp, the rated load of the wire clamp (tension line tension), and the performance requirements of the wire clamp. It is designed with the characteristics of large rated working load. For this reason, this patent takes concrete technical scheme as follows:

1) Reasonably design and adjust the ratio of the force system

The upper splint 3 is connected with the dynamic pressure plate 8 through a hinge at point D, and the point C slides in the arc-shaped chute of the constant pressure plate 4 . The upper splint 3 and the circular arc surface of the constant pressure plate 4 clamp the wire together. At this time, the pulling force of the wire is borne by the friction force generated by the two contact surfaces of the upper and lower splints and the wire. Move, set the angle between the restraining reaction force of the upper splint on the upper splint of the constant pressure plate 4 and the horizontal line to a fixed value of 52.90°～52.94°; the distances L1, L2 between the joints B, A, and E of the linkage , L3 is a set of fixed length.

2) Moderately increase the length of the jaws

According to the standard, the design of the jaw length L≥6.5d-20mm of the clamping device cannot meet the engineering requirements. The present invention obtains the selection of the jaw length (L) of the expanding wire clamping device through repeated design-test-research. It should be: L≥9.25d-20mm. Increasing the jaw length is one of the most effective measures to increase the clamping force of the jaw and reduce the local contact stress of the wire. However, the wire clamp is a lever-link mechanism. When clamping the wire, the balance between the two connecting rods must increase the size of the wire clamp. If the jaw is too long and the weight of the clamp is too large, it will bring great difficulties to high-altitude operations. On the contrary, it will damage the wire and reduce the weight of the wire. Rated breaking force. Therefore, the length of the jaws is the minimum value corresponding to the contact stress generated by the friction between the wire and the contact surface should be greater than the clamping force of the jaws, that is, a reasonable equilibrium state.

3) Determine the reasonable maximum opening of the pliers

The maximum opening of the upper and lower splints of the wire gripper 2 is firstly positioned according to the diameter of the expanded wire, leaving a minimum gap for the wire to be conveniently put in and taken out, and then, on this basis, the balance of the mechanism force system is designed. Usually the minimum gap is not greater than 2mm.

4) Bevel design at both ends of the jaw

Determined by the structure, when the clamp is in working condition, there is a certain angle between the upper and lower splints and the line of external force, and its vertical force will produce stress concentration on the wires at the end of the jaws. In order to prevent damage or cut off the aluminum wire, the upper and lower splints The end must be designed with a sufficiently long slope and smooth arc transition, the slope is 1.00:5.67, and the groove length is ≥30mm.

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the structural parameters of the jaws of the upper and lower splints. The present invention increases the containment capacity of the jaws and the expanded wire, that is, increases the groove depth and the arc wrap angle of the jaws. After the wire is clamped, there must be a certain gap between the jaws to prevent the upper splint from pressing the constant pressure plate and the wire slipping during the stress process. So the groove depth should be less than the wire radius. At the same time, the shape of the upper and lower splint clamps adopts the arc surface that fits the outer surface of the expanded diameter wire, so that the upper and lower splints engage with the wire when clamping the wire. The larger the containment surface of the circular surface, the better, but the upper and lower clamps should The principle is not to touch when the jaws are clamped, and the extrusion stress of the jaws on the wire 1 is reduced to a minimum.

Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a large cross-section enlarged diameter wire clamped by the jaws. This figure shows the state where the wire gripper is in contact with the surface of the wire when the wire gripper is clamping the wire. The arc surface fits together.

The invention has been described herein in terms of specific exemplary embodiments. Appropriate substitutions or modifications will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments are illustrative only, and not limiting of the scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims.

Claims (7)

1. A large cross-section expanded-diameter wire gripper, said gripper is a four-bar linkage structure, including an upper splint (3) and a constant pressure plate (4) that are arranged in parallel and are hinged at point C, and said upper splint (3) the dynamic pressure plate (8) hinged at point D, and the fixed pressure plate (4) hinged at point E, the pull plate (6) and pull ring (5) hinged at point B, the pull plate (6) ) and the dynamic pressure plate (8) are hinged at point A; the right side of the fixed pressure plate (4) is provided with a chute (9) penetrating along the thickness direction, and the pull plate (6) and pull ring (5) The hinge point can slide between the two ends of the chute (9); it is characterized in that: The distance between the hinge point A and the far end of the chute (9) is L ₁ , the distance between the hinge points A and E is L ₂ , and the distance between the hinge point E and the far end of the chute (9) The distance between is L ₃ , then: L ₁ =(7.10～7.14)d; L ₂ =(7.68～7.72)d; L ₃ =(11.30～11.34)d; d is the wire diameter; The inner surfaces of the upper splint (3) and the constant pressure plate (4) are respectively provided with smooth jaws to clamp arc surfaces, and both ends of the arc surfaces are provided with slope sections and arc transition sections. 2. A wire gripper with large cross-section expanding diameter as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the arc depth of the arc surface clamped by the jaws is h≥16mm, and the arc angle of the arc surface is α≥152 °. 3. A large cross-section expanded-diameter wire gripper as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the slope γ of the slope section of the circular arc surface is ≥ 10°, and the length of the slope section is ≥ 30mm. 4. A kind of large cross-section expanded-diameter wire gripper as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the length L=[(9.23-9.27)d-20] of the upper clamping plate (3) and the constant pressure plate (4) mm, the maximum distance between the upper splint (3) and the constant pressure plate (4) is ≤1.05d. 5. A large cross-section expanding wire gripper according to claim 1, characterized in that the installation parallelism of the upper splint (3) and the constant pressure plate (4) is ≤0.3mm. 6. A large cross-section wire clamp with enlarged diameter according to claim 1, characterized in that a torsion spring (7) is arranged on the pull plate (6). 7. A wire gripper with large cross-section expanding diameter as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that when the hinge point of the pull plate (6) and the pull ring (5) is close to the far end point of the chute, the wire gripper It is in an unloading state; when the hinge point of the pull plate (6) and the pull ring (5) is close to the proximal end of the chute, the wire gripper is in a clamped state.

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