CN102836002B - Kirschner wire guiding device - Google Patents

Abstract

A Kirschner wire guiding device, comprising a hollow annular fixed ring, at least two symmetrically axially penetrating pressure plates arranged in the fixed ring, the fixed ring and the pressure plate are connected by a compression nut, the The distance between the pressure plate and the fixed ring is adjusted by the pressure nut, and the end of the pressure plate is provided with a fixer, and the fixer is a plate provided with a slot matching the cross section of the end of the pressure plate There is a screw hole matched with the screw thread of the Kirschner wire guide on the said fixer. The Kirschner wire guiding device disclosed by the present invention can firmly fix the Kirschner wire guide at the needle insertion place of the patient's limb to be driven into the Kirschner wire. When in use, it is only necessary to guide the Kirschner wire along the The device is driven into the needle entry point until the top of the Kirschner wire reaches the needle exit point. The structure is simple and easy to operate, and it can be inserted quickly and accurately, avoiding secondary damage and saving operation time.

Description

A Kirschner wire guiding device

technical field

The invention relates to the field of medical instruments, in particular to a Kirschner wire guiding device.

Background technique

Kirschner wire is a commonly used internal fixation material in orthopedics and hand surgery. Its specifications are generally fixed at about 20 centimeters in length and 0.5 to 2 millimeters in diameter. Large fracture fixation is also often used in the fixation of temporary fracture fragments in orthopedic surgery. For example, clinically, Kirschner wires are often used for the fixation of finger fractures and interphalangeal joints, but it is difficult to accurately penetrate the Kirschner wires, especially from the fingertips to the proximal side, which requires multiple insertions. Increased the weight of the secondary injury, prolonging the operation time.

Although with the development of technology, some Kirschner wire guiding devices have also appeared, for example, the Chinese utility model patent disclosed on December 21, 2011, the patent application number is 201120119087.6, which discloses a multifunctional Kirschner wire positioning guide The device includes a fixed arm whose two ends are respectively connected to a handle and a fixed block. The telescopic sliding arm is connected to the fixed block and can slide horizontally relative to the fixed arm. The other end of the telescopic sliding arm is fixed with a positioning block. The adjustable positioning The sliding arm is vertically inserted in the positioning block and can slide up and down, the lower end of the adjustable positioning sliding arm is fixedly connected with the guiding target sleeve, and the fixed sleeve is inserted horizontally on the handle. However, this Kirschner wire guiding device not only has a complex structure and takes up a lot of space, but also is difficult to grasp during operation.

Therefore, there is an urgent need for a guide device that is easy to operate and can assist the Kirschner wires to be inserted accurately at one time.

Contents of the invention

The problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a guiding device which is easy to operate and can guide the Kirschner wires to be driven in at one time.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention discloses a Kirschner wire guiding device, which includes a hollow ring-shaped fixed ring, at least two pressure plates symmetrically and axially penetrating through the fixed ring, the fixed ring and the pressure plate The distance between the pressure plate and the fixed ring is adjusted by the pressure nut, the end of the pressure plate is provided with a fixer, and the fixer is provided with the end of the pressure plate. A plate-like object with a draw-in groove that matches the cross-section of the upper part, and a screw hole that matches the thread of the Kirschner wire guide is opened on the fixer and the pressure plate, and the top end of the compression nut passes through the fixing ring and is connected with the The fixing ring is threadedly connected, and a pressure control device is provided between the tail end of the pressure nut and the pressure plate, and the pressure control device includes a bump arranged on the pressure plate, which is close to the side of the pressure nut , a cavity is provided in the bump, a spring is provided in the cavity, the tail end of the press nut extends into the cavity and is connected with a free end of the spring, and the other end of the spring A free end is connected to the pressure plate.

Preferably, the number of the pressing plates is four, which evenly surround the fixing ring.

Preferably, the top end of the pressure nut passes through the fixing ring and is threadedly connected with the fixing ring, and the tail end of the pressure nut is fixedly connected with the pressure plate.

Preferably, a through groove for observing the compression degree of the spring is provided on the protrusion along the elongation direction of the spring, and a spring starting line and a pressure warning line are marked on the outer wall of the protrusion.

Preferably, at least a part of the protrusion is made of transparent material for observing the compression degree of the spring, and the outer wall of the protrusion is marked with a spring starting line and a pressure warning line.

Preferably, the cross section of the fixer is in the shape of a "cross", and four extension surfaces are extended along the plane where the fixer is located, and the locking groove is arranged on the extension surface close to the free end.

Preferably, the fixer is in the shape of a disc, and the slot is arranged around the edge of the fixer.

Preferably, the fixing ring is made of carbon fiber material or high-strength plastic.

Preferably, the pressing plate is made of carbon fiber material or high-strength plastic, or a plastic pressing plate.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: the Kirschner wire guiding device disclosed by the present invention can be used to fix the patient's limbs in a special position in advance according to various actual needs, and the Kirschner wire guiding device It is firmly fixed at the needle entry point of the patient's limb to be inserted with the Kirschner wire, and then the Kirschner wire is driven into the needle entry point along the Kirschner wire guide until the top of the Kirschner wire reaches the needle exit point. The structure is simple Easy to operate, not only can insert Kirschner wire quickly and accurately, avoid secondary damage, but also save operation time.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a Kirschner wire guiding device in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is A-A sectional view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the B-B sectional view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a pressure control device in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a fixture in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the pressing plate when the Kirschner wires are cross-fixed;

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the pressing plate and the Kirschner wire guide when the Kirschner wires are cross-fixed;

Fig. 8 is a structural schematic diagram of the pressing plate when repairing the insertion point of the finger extensor tendon;

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of the pressing plate when the distal interphalangeal joint is fixed in a flexed position;

Fig. 10 is a structural schematic diagram of the pressing plate when the proximal and middle phalanx fractures are fixed;

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pressing plate when the proximal interphalangeal joint is fixed in a straight position;

Among them: 1. Fixed ring; 2. Press plate; 21. Protrusion; 22. Cavity; 3. Spring; 4. Pressure nut; 6. Fixer; 61. Card slot; 62. Screw hole; 63. Extension surface ; 7, Kirschner wire guide; 8, Kirschner wire.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the present invention discloses a Kirschner wire guiding device, the Kirschner wire guiding device includes a hollow ring-shaped fixed ring 1, and the fixed ring 1 is used to trap the limb to be driven into the Kirschner wire , such as fingers (in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the finger is selected as an example for Kirschner wires to be inserted into the object, and it can certainly be other parts of the human body to be inserted into the Kirschner wires, such as palms and foot metatarsals when toes and metacarpal bones are fractured. fractured foot). In order to ensure the firmness of the fixed ring 1, the wall thickness of the fixed ring 1 is selected to be above 1mm.

The Kirschner wire guiding device disclosed by the present invention also includes at least two pressure plates 2 symmetrically and axially penetrating through the fixed ring 1, and the pressure plates 2 are used to exert a certain pressure on the fingers to prevent the fingers from being affected by random movement. fixed effect. The fixed ring 1 and the pressure plate 2 are connected by the pressure nut 4, and the distance between the pressure plate 2 and the fixed ring 1 is adjusted by the pressure nut 4, so that the appropriate distance between the pressure plate 2 and the finger can be adjusted according to the thickness of the patient's finger, so as to Accommodates limbs of different thicknesses and is easy to operate.

The end of the pressing plate 2 is provided with a retainer 6, as shown in Figure 5, the retainer 6 is a plate-like object provided with a draw-in groove 61 matching the section of the end of the pressing plate 2, and the retainer 6 is used to fix the gap between the pressing plates 2. distance. In addition, the fixer 6 is provided with a screw hole 62 matching the thread of the Kirschner wire guide 7, and the screw hole 62 should be slightly dorsal to facilitate accurate insertion of the Kirschner wire along the longitudinal axis of the distal phalanx. When in use, just align the draw-in groove 61 of the holder 6 with the end of the pressure plate 2 and snap it in. After the distance between the pressure plates 2 is fixed, insert the threaded end of the Kirschner wire guide 7 into the end of the holder 6. The screw hole 62 is screwed in, and finally the Kirschner wire 8 is driven into the position to be fixed along the Kirschner wire guide 7. The Kirschner wire guide 7 here is a hollow tube with an external thread at one end, and is often used to guide elongated Kirschner wires in orthopedic surgery.

In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the number of pressing plates 2 is four, and evenly surrounds the fixing ring 1. Such arrangement can not only effectively fix the injured limb, but also save materials and reduce costs. Of course, the number of pressure plates 2 can also be appropriately increased or decreased to suit special circumstances. For example, if there is a foreign object on one side of the finger and the pressure plates cannot be placed, only two pressure plates can be placed symmetrically, and for example, two upper and lower pressure plates can be placed when the metacarpal bone is fractured.

Specifically, the connection mode between the retaining ring 1, the pressing plate 2 and the pressurizing nut 4 can be as follows: the top of the pressurizing nut 4 passes through the retaining ring 1 and is threaded with the retaining ring 1, and the tail end of the pressurizing nut 4 is connected to the pressing plate 2 fixed connections. With such arrangement, by rotating the compression nut 4, the distance between the pressure plate 2 and the fixed ring 1 can be easily adjusted to accommodate limbs of different thicknesses, which is convenient for operation.

The pressure that the pressure plate 2 applies to the patient's limbs should be just right, not only to prevent the patient's limbs (especially fingers) from arbitrarily moving and affecting the fixation effect, but also to prevent excessive pressure from causing soft tissue damage. Therefore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, A pressure control device is arranged between the pressure nut 4 and the pressure plate 2 , and the pressure can be quantitatively controlled by the pressure control device. Specifically, the top end of the pressure nut 4 passes through the fixing ring 1 and is screwed to the fixing ring 1 , and a pressure control device is arranged between the tail end of the pressure nut 4 and the pressure plate 2 . Please refer to Fig. 4, the pressure control device includes a bump 21 arranged on the pressure plate 2 and close to the side of the pressure nut 4, a cavity 22 is arranged in the bump 21, a spring 3 is arranged in the cavity 22, and the pressure nut 4 The tail end extends into the cavity 22 and is connected with one free end of the spring 3 , and the other free end of the spring 3 is connected with the pressing plate 2 .

In order to prevent soft tissue damage caused by excessive pressure exerted by the pressure plate 2 on the patient's limbs during use, a through groove (not shown) for observing the compression degree of the spring 3 is provided on the protrusion 21 along the elongation direction of the spring 3. The outer wall of block 21 is marked with spring starting line and pressure warning line.

Or, the through groove for observing the degree of compression of the spring 3 may not be provided on the projection 21, but another alternative method is adopted: at least a part of the projection 21 is made of a transparent material, and the compression of the spring 3 can be observed very intuitively. For the degree of compression, the outer wall of the bump 21 is marked with a spring starting line and a pressure warning line, and the pressure can be calculated according to the degree of compression by selecting a spring with suitable elasticity.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 5, four extension surfaces 63 are extended along the plane where the fixer 6 is located, so that the cross section of the fixer 6 is in the shape of a "ten", and the slot 61 is arranged on the extension surface close to at the free end.

Of course, the fixer 6 can also be set in a disc shape, and the slot 61 is arranged around the edge of the fixer 6 .

In order to adapt to fingers with different thicknesses, the fixer 6 has various specifications. When in use, first measure the distance between the finger and the upper, lower, left and right splints to select the appropriate specification of the fixer 6 so that the Kirschner wire guide 7 can be aligned with the phalanx. The vertical axis is in a straight line.

In order to prevent the fixed ring 1 from blocking the injured limb of the patient during the surgical treatment, thus affecting the X-ray examination, the fixed ring 1 is made of carbon fiber material. Carbon fiber is a new material with excellent mechanical properties. It not only has good X-ray permeability, but also its specific gravity is less than 1/4 of that of steel. The tensile strength of carbon fiber resin composite materials is generally above 3500Mpa, which is 7-9 times that of steel. times. Of course, in addition to carbon fiber materials, the fixed ring 1 can also be made of high-strength plastics that are not easily deformed.

Similarly, the pressing plate 2 can also be made of carbon fiber material or high-strength plastic to meet the requirements of high strength and not blocking X-rays.

Since the device is used in surgery, the materials used for all parts of the device should meet the conditions for sterilization, and high-pressure steam sterilization is routinely used, and the sterilization conditions require: steam pressure 205.8kPa (2.1kg/cm ² ) , the temperature reached above 132°C and maintained for 10 minutes.

When in use, you only need to carefully insert the fixing ring 1 into the injured limb of the patient, adjust the position of the part to be fixed, screw in each compression nut 4, so that the pressure plate 2 can uniformly pressurize the injured limb, and the applied pressure is controlled at As long as the patient’s soft tissue is not damaged, then select a fixer 6 of appropriate specifications and insert it into the top of the pressure plate 2. When inserting it, make sure that the slot 61 on the fixer 6 is aligned with the top of the pressure plate 2, and finally insert the Kirschner wire guide The thread at the tail end is aligned with the screw hole 62 on the fixer 6 and screwed in, and the Kirschner wire is driven into the position to be fixed on the limb along the Kirschner wire guide 7.

In addition, for the situation where Kirschner wires need to be cross-fixed, three threaded screw holes can be designed on the pressure plate 2, as shown in Figure 6, the inclination angles of these three screw holes relative to the horizontal plane where the pressure plate 2 is located are respectively 90° °, 45 °, 15 °, as long as the Kirschner wire guide 7 is screwed into each screw hole, the Kirschner wire can be inserted along the Kirschner wire guide 7, as shown in Figure 7. Of course, the design positions and angles of the screw holes on the pressure plate 2 can be varied to meet various fixing requirements, and the positions of the screw holes should avoid the side neurovascular bundles of the fingers.

On the other hand, when repairing the insertion of the extensor tendon, the distal interphalangeal joint needs to be fixed in extension, as shown in Figure 8; when performing fusion of the distal interphalangeal joint or reconstruction of the insertion of the deep flexor tendon , it is necessary to fix the distal interphalangeal joint at 45° flexion, as shown in Figure 9; when performing the reduction and fixation of proximal and middle phalanx fractures, the fracture of the phalanx needs to be reduced and straightened, as shown in Figure 10 ; When fixing the proximal interphalangeal joint in straight position, it is necessary to fix the proximal interphalangeal joint in straight position, as shown in Figure 11. In actual use, pressure plates of different shapes can be designed according to different needs, so that the fingers can be fixed in advance before being threaded and fixed.

The Kirschner wire guiding device disclosed by the present invention can fix the fingers in a special position in advance according to various actual needs, and firmly fix the Kirschner wire guide at the place where the finger of the patient to be driven into the Kirschner wire is inserted. The screw holes on the fixer and the pressure plate have multiple specific angles and directions, and in clinical use, appropriate screw holes can be selected and screwed into the Kirschner wire guide according to actual needs. When in use, just insert the Kirschner wire into the needle entry point along the Kirschner wire guide until the top of the Kirschner wire reaches the needle exit point. The structure is simple and easy to operate, and the Kirschner wire can be inserted quickly and accurately. It is especially suitable for flexible and hyperactive fingers; on the other hand, by using the Kirschner wire guiding device, it not only saves operation time, but also does not affect the patient's limbs for X-ray examination.

The above description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of Kirschner wire guiding device, it is characterized in that: comprise hollow annular fixed ring (1), at least two symmetrically axially penetrate the pressing plate (2) that is arranged in described fixed ring (1), described The fixed ring (1) and the pressure plate (2) are connected by a pressure nut (4), and the distance between the pressure plate (2) and the fixed ring (1) is passed by the pressure nut (4) Adjustment, the end of the pressure plate (2) is provided with a fixer (6), and the fixer (6) is a plate-like object provided with a card slot (61) matching the cross section of the end of the pressure plate (2) , the described fixer (6) and the pressure plate (2) are provided with screw holes matched with the threads of the Kirschner wire guide (7), and the top of the pressurized nut (4) passes through the fixed ring ( 1) and threaded with the fixed ring (1), a pressure control device is provided between the tail end of the pressure nut (4) and the pressure plate (2), and the pressure control device includes a The bump (21) on the pressure plate (2) close to the side of the pressurizing nut (4), the bump (21) is provided with a cavity (22), and the cavity (22) is provided with a spring (3), the tail end of the press nut (4) stretches into the cavity (22) and is connected with a free end of the spring (3), and the other free end of the spring (3) is connected with the The pressing plates (2) are connected together. 2 . The Kirschner wire guiding device according to claim 1 , characterized in that: the number of the pressing plates ( 2 ) is four, which evenly surround the fixing ring ( 1 ). 3 . 3. The Kirschner wire guiding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the top end of the pressurizing nut (4) passes through the retaining ring (1) and is threadedly connected with the retaining ring (1), The tail end of the pressure nut (4) is fixedly connected with the pressure plate (2). 4. The Kirschner wire guiding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: said protrusion (21) is provided with a spring (3) for observing the compression degree of said spring (3) along the elongation direction of said spring (3). The through groove, the outer wall of the protrusion (21) is marked with a spring starting line and a pressure warning line. 5. The Kirschner wire guiding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: at least a part of the projection (21) is made of a transparent material for observing the degree of compression of the spring (3), and the projection The outer wall of (21) is marked with spring starting line and pressure warning line. 6. The Kirschner wire guiding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the section of the fixer (6) is in the shape of a "cross", and four extensions are extended along the plane where the fixer (6) is located. On the surface, the clamping groove (61) is arranged on the extending surface close to the free end. 7. The Kirschner wire guiding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fixer (6) is in the shape of a disc, and the card slot (61) is arranged around the edge of the fixer (6) place. 8. The Kirschner wire guiding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fixed ring (1) is made of carbon fiber material or high-strength plastic. 9. The Kirschner wire guiding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the pressing plate (2) is made of carbon fiber material or high-strength plastic.