CN102812874A - Green control method of citrus diseases and insects - Google Patents
Green control method of citrus diseases and insects Download PDFInfo
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- CN102812874A CN102812874A CN2012102800106A CN201210280010A CN102812874A CN 102812874 A CN102812874 A CN 102812874A CN 2012102800106 A CN2012102800106 A CN 2012102800106A CN 201210280010 A CN201210280010 A CN 201210280010A CN 102812874 A CN102812874 A CN 102812874A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a green control method of citrus diseases and insects, wherein the method comprises the following steps: 1) changing a citrus garden from dense to sparse; 2) trimming large branches; 3) cultivating swards; 4) treating mites by mites; 5) trapping and killing insects; 6) reasonably applying chemicals. Because of adopting the green and environment-friendly control method, the green control method of citrus diseases and insects provided by the invention is capable of resolving a problem of green control on the citrus diseases and insects, crops are protected, the use of chemical pesticides is decreased, the ecological environment is protected, the safety of human and livestock is protected, the control effect on main citrus diseases and insects is higher than 90%, the control effect is increased by 15-20%, the use times of the chemical pesticides is decreased by more than 50%, the soluble solid of the citrus is increased by 2-3%, the rate of high-quality fruits is increased by 5%, and the economic benefit, the social benefit and the ecological benefit are obvious.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to plant pest integrated control field, especially a kind of orange disease and insect pests green prevention and control method.
Background technology
Citrus is one of most important fruit tree of China, and long, the aboundresources of cultivation history, distribution are extensive in China.Oranges and tangerines production has become the pillar industry of developing rural economy in a lot of areas, even becomes the strong industry of foreign exchange earning.Yet there is following shortcoming in the main chemical pesticide that relies on of orange disease and insect pests control at present:
1, the long-term unreasonable chemical pesticide of using, orchard environment is seriously damaged;
2, the chemical pesticide usage amount increases year by year;
3, damage by disease and insect such as citrus red mite, blister mite, citrus whitefly, anthracnose, shot hole, resin disease are ascendant trend year by year;
4, orchard worker's production cost increases;
5, fruit commodity value reduces; Residual the exceeding standard of fruit farming, consumer's health in serious threat.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of orange disease and insect pests green prevention and control method, can solve the problem of orange disease and insect pests green prevention and control, and the protection crops reduce chemical pesticide and use, and preserves the ecological environment the protection person poultry safety.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme that the present invention adopted is: a kind of orange disease and insect pests green prevention and control method, and this method may further comprise the steps:
1) the tangerine garden close change rare;
2) bough is pruned;
3) sward cultivation;
4) control mite with mite;
5) insect-killing trapping;
6) rational use of medicines.
Step 1), the citrus harvest each year to next March, on the density is too large orchard density change thin: very early dense orange 675-750 plants / hm
2 , precocious dense orange 675 / hm
2 , and cooked dense orange 600-675 plants / hm
2 ; orange, 675 / hm
2 ; pummelo 600 / hm
2 ; citrus 825-900 plants / hm
2 .
Step 2) in, in the tangerine garden full bearing period dredge to remove overlapping branch, intersect branch, land branch, old and feeble branch and sick branch; Be trimmed to the master with bough, safeguard tree-like.
In the step 3), root out tangerine garden weeds the 3-April in every year, plantation and citrus do not have the leguminous plant or the gramineous forage grass of symbiosis damage by disease and insect, shallow root, short bar, and the sward cultivation can relax direct erosion and the rich water loss of rainfall to soil; Can effectively reduce soil surface temperature in summer, improve the relative moisture of near surface and canopy.The residual body of grass can form humus in degraded in soil, conversion, improves the content of organic matter in the soil, improves soil physical property.
In the step 4), in the age of tree more than 4 years, arid is not serious throughout the year, do not lack the tangerine garden that row is short of seedling and discharge the predation mite, the time that discharges the predation mite be annual April upward, the middle ten days.
Before discharging predation mite 20d, carry out garden sterilization clearly, reduce the damage by disease and insect radix, guarantee that before discharging the predation mite 20d is red, yellow spider blinds mite (ovum) is measured and is lower than 200 (grains) with agricultural chemicals.15d before discharging the predation mite is based on the problem that clear garden sterilization last time exists, the mending-leakage of filling a vacancy.Exceed standard like worms (mite) such as arnotto, yellow spider, coccid, aphid amounts, or shot hole, anthracnose etc. are not effectively controlled, then carry out once more the sterilization of clear garden.Guarantee before discharging the predation mite, to be controlled at the disease that prevent and treat, worm, mite evil below the index for control, avoid going and buy Chinese medicine behind the release predation mite as far as possible.
5d mows before discharging the predation mite, keeps natural plant height 20～30cm.Stay grass after discharging the predation mite; If natural plant height surpasses 30cm, should in time mow.Forbid chemical weed control to be mowed with random.
To prey on mite and leave the ventilating and cooling place in, the resting period can not surpass 3d.
Daily mean temperature is stable through 10 ℃, selects the cloudy day or at dusk fine, and every strain orange tree discharges one bag of predation mite.Discharge in back two days and can not rain heavily, avoid causing the predation mite dead because of ponding in the bag.
Forbid pest control with insecticide, miticide after discharging the predation mite.Preventing and treating disease sprays after one month the little bactericide of predation mite injury in discharging the predation mite.If insects such as local area aphid, scale insect, evil mite surpass index for control, choose with biogenic pesticide and control, avoid killing and wounding the predation mite.
In the step 5), insect-killing trapping comprises desinsection lamp insect-killing trapping and two steps of yellow insect-sticking plate insect-killing trapping.
The step of desinsection lamp insect-killing trapping is: in the early April-late October in every year, and per 2-3.3 hm
2The tangerine garden hangs a frequency ventilating type insecticidal lamp, or per 4-4.6 hm
2The tangerine garden hangs a solar insect-killing light, insects such as trapping Lepidoptera, Semiptera, coleoptera.The height of desinsection lamp, general tangerine garden is higher than tree crown 30-50cm, and be advisable with peak in tangerine garden, hillock.The desinsection lamp is fixed with iron wire or other material, prevents to blow and rocks.In time remove the insect in the desinsection lamp lamp box, avoid corrosion to receive worm bag and lamp box.
The step of yellow insect-sticking plate insect-killing trapping is: in every year the early April-by the end of November, every hm
2225-300 yellow insect-sticking plates of tangerine garden suspension, insects such as trapping aphid, Aleurocanthus spiniferus, citrus whitefly, suspension height is higher than tree crown 20-40cm.If yellow insect-sticking plate viscose glue is dry, in time gluing keeps colour table viscosity, guarantees colour table mythimna separata effect.At the beginning of 12 months, colour table is reclaimed concentrated the preservation, next year, gluing utilized again.
In the step 6), on the basis of measures such as preferential employing agricultural, physics, biology, quarantine, in the time of must using agricultural chemicals, should keep away the medication of natural enemy occurrence in peak period, protection utilizes natural enemy; Use sulphur preparation, copper agent in the following biogenic pesticide of moderate toxicity, mineral oil and vegetable oil preparation, the mineral source agricultural chemicals; Ban use of chemical insecticide, miticide, bactericide, nematocide, weed killer herbicide and the plant growth regulator of organic synthesis; Ban use of the various preparations of the synthetic organic pesticide that is mixed in biogenic, the mineral source agricultural chemicals; Ban use of severe toxicity, high poison, persistent pesticide and teratogenesis, carcinogenic agricultural chemicals; Forbid to use gene engineering kind (product) and preparation; Safe medication ensures the person poultry safety.
The principle of this orange disease and insect pests green prevention and control technology; Be globality, in line with the guiding theory of putting prevention first and safety, effective, economic, easy principle, integrated application agricultural, chemistry, biology, physics and other effectively preventing technology from field ecosystem; Pest is controlled at economic damage to be allowed below horizontal; To reach cover crop, human and livestock health increases the purpose of producing and protecting environment.
A kind of orange disease and insect pests green prevention and control method provided by the invention, beneficial effect is following:
1, diseases and pests controlling is effective.The control efficiency of insect pest of citrus main diseases such as red, yellow spider, blister mite, arrowhead scales, citrus whitefly, pernicious chrysomelid, shot hole, anthraenose etc. is all more than 90%.Improve 15-20% than non-demonstration area preventive effect; And along with the prolongation of the time of enforcement, the damage by disease and insect generation extent of injury also downward trend year by year can occur.
2, the chemical pesticide usage amount reduces.Reduce 50% than conventional control method chemical pesticide access times, average every mu is reduced spraying times 4 times, and the field piece that has reduces 5-6 time.
3, the citrus fruit quality improves.The fruit size is even, and the fruit face is bright and clean, and is painted neat, 2-3 percentage point of soluble solid rising.
4, remarkable in economical benefits.After implementing orange disease and insect pests green prevention and control technology, annual average 150 yuan of the pesticide cost of practicing thrift of per 667 ㎡; Practice thrift 180 yuan of fertilizer costs; Improved orchard environment, the tree body is healthy and strong, and diseases and insect pests resistance strengthens; Output improves about 13%; The high quality fruit rate improves 25 percentage points; Selling price improves O.40～O.50 unit/kg; Net income increases about 1500 yuan.
5, ecological benefits are obvious.The green prevention and control integrated application technology such as agricultural, biology, physics, chemical control, reduced applications of pesticide number of times and agricultural chemicals usage amount, reduce the fruit persticide residue greatly, the demonstration area fruit has all reached nuisanceless requirement.Simultaneously, alleviated environmental pollution.The sward culture technique has effectively been improved orchard environment, has protected a large amount of beneficial organisms, and natural enemy kinds such as orchard Chrysopa, ladybug, Aschersonia aleyrodis increase in the demonstration area, and quantity rises.
Embodiment
A kind of orange disease and insect pests green prevention and control method, this method may further comprise the steps:
1) the tangerine garden close change rare;
2) bough is pruned;
3) sward cultivation;
4) control mite with mite;
5) insect-killing trapping;
6) rational use of medicines.
Step 1), the citrus harvest each year to next March, on the density is too large orchard density change thin: very early dense orange 675-750 plants / hm
2 , precocious dense orange 675 / hm
2 , and cooked dense orange 600-675 plants / hm
2 ; orange, 675 / hm
2 ; pummelo 600 / hm
2 ; citrus 825-900 plants / hm
2 .
Step 2) in, in the tangerine garden full bearing period dredge to remove overlapping branch, intersect branch, land branch, old and feeble branch and sick branch; Be trimmed to the master with bough, safeguard tree-like.
In the step 3), root out tangerine garden weeds the 3-April in every year, plantation and citrus do not have the leguminous plant or the gramineous forage grass of symbiosis damage by disease and insect, shallow root, short bar, and the sward cultivation can relax direct erosion and the rich water loss of rainfall to soil; Can effectively reduce soil surface temperature in summer, improve the relative moisture of near surface and canopy.The residual body of grass can form humus in degraded in soil, conversion, improves the content of organic matter in the soil, improves soil physical property.
In the step 4), in the age of tree more than 4 years, arid is not serious throughout the year, do not lack the tangerine garden that row is short of seedling and discharge the predation mite, the time that discharges the predation mite be annual April upward, the middle ten days.
Before discharging predation mite 20d, carry out garden sterilization clearly, reduce the damage by disease and insect radix, guarantee that before discharging the predation mite 20d is red, yellow spider blinds mite (ovum) is measured and is lower than 200 (grains) with agricultural chemicals.15d before discharging the predation mite is based on the problem that clear garden sterilization last time exists, the mending-leakage of filling a vacancy.Exceed standard like worms (mite) such as arnotto, yellow spider, coccid, aphid amounts, or shot hole, anthracnose etc. are not effectively controlled, then carry out once more the sterilization of clear garden.Guarantee before discharging the predation mite, to be controlled at the disease that prevent and treat, worm, mite evil below the index for control, avoid going and buy Chinese medicine behind the release predation mite as far as possible.
5d mows before discharging the predation mite, keeps natural plant height 20～30cm.Stay grass after discharging the predation mite; If natural plant height surpasses 30cm, should in time mow.Forbid chemical weed control to be mowed with random.
To prey on mite and leave the ventilating and cooling place in, the resting period can not surpass 3d.
Daily mean temperature is stable through 10 ℃, selects the cloudy day or at dusk fine, and every strain orange tree discharges one bag of predation mite.Discharge in back two days and can not rain heavily, avoid causing the predation mite dead because of ponding in the bag.
Forbid pest control with insecticide, miticide after discharging the predation mite.Preventing and treating disease sprays after one month the little bactericide of predation mite injury in discharging the predation mite.If insects such as local area aphid, scale insect, evil mite surpass index for control, choose with biogenic pesticide and control, avoid killing and wounding the predation mite.
In the step 5), insect-killing trapping comprises desinsection lamp insect-killing trapping and two steps of yellow insect-sticking plate insect-killing trapping.
The step of desinsection lamp insect-killing trapping is: in the early April-late October in every year, and per 2-3.3 hm
2The tangerine garden hangs a frequency ventilating type insecticidal lamp, or per 4-4.6 hm
2The tangerine garden hangs a solar insect-killing light, insects such as trapping Lepidoptera, Semiptera, coleoptera.The height of desinsection lamp, general tangerine garden is higher than tree crown 30-50cm, and be advisable with peak in tangerine garden, hillock.The desinsection lamp is fixed with iron wire or other material, prevents to blow and rocks.In time remove the insect in the desinsection lamp lamp box, avoid corrosion to receive worm bag and lamp box.
The step of yellow insect-sticking plate insect-killing trapping is: in every year the early April-by the end of November, every hm
2225-300 yellow insect-sticking plates of tangerine garden suspension, insects such as trapping aphid, Aleurocanthus spiniferus, citrus whitefly, suspension height is higher than tree crown 20-40cm.If yellow insect-sticking plate viscose glue is dry, in time gluing keeps colour table viscosity, guarantees colour table mythimna separata effect.At the beginning of 12 months, colour table is reclaimed concentrated the preservation, next year, gluing utilized again.
In the step 6), on the basis of measures such as preferential employing agricultural, physics, biology, quarantine, in the time of must using agricultural chemicals, should keep away the medication of natural enemy occurrence in peak period, protection utilizes natural enemy; Use sulphur preparation, copper agent in the following biogenic pesticide of moderate toxicity, mineral oil and vegetable oil preparation, the mineral source agricultural chemicals; Ban use of chemical insecticide, miticide, bactericide, nematocide, weed killer herbicide and the plant growth regulator of organic synthesis; Ban use of the various preparations of the synthetic organic pesticide that is mixed in biogenic, the mineral source agricultural chemicals; Ban use of severe toxicity, high poison, persistent pesticide and teratogenesis, carcinogenic agricultural chemicals; Forbid to use gene engineering kind (product) and preparation; Safe medication ensures the person poultry safety.
Claims (7)
1. orange disease and insect pests green prevention and control method is characterized in that this method may further comprise the steps:
1) the tangerine garden close change rare;
2) bough is pruned;
3) sward cultivation;
4) control mite with mite;
5) insect-killing trapping;
6) rational use of medicines.
(2) according to claim 1, wherein the green citrus pest prevention and control methods, wherein step a), the citrus harvest each year to next March, on the density is too large orchard density change dilute : special precocious dense orange 675-750 plants / hm
2 , precocious dense orange 675 / hm
2 , and cooked dense orange 600-675 plants / hm
2 ; orange, 675 / hm
2 ; pummelo 600 / hm
2 ; citrus 825-900 plants / hm
2 .
3. a kind of orange disease and insect pests green prevention and control method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in the step 3), root out tangerine garden weeds the 3-April in every year, plantation and citrus do not have the leguminous plant or the gramineous forage grass of symbiosis damage by disease and insect, shallow root, short bar.
4. a kind of orange disease and insect pests green prevention and control method according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: in the step 4), more than 4 years, arid is not serious throughout the year in the age of tree; Do not lack the tangerine garden that row is short of seedling and discharge the predation mite, the time that discharges the predation mite be annual April upward, the middle ten days.
5. a kind of orange disease and insect pests green prevention and control method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in the step 5), insect-killing trapping comprises desinsection lamp insect-killing trapping and two steps of yellow insect-sticking plate insect-killing trapping.
6. a kind of orange disease and insect pests green prevention and control method according to claim 5 is characterized in that the step of desinsection lamp insect-killing trapping is: in the early April-late October in every year, and per 2-3.3 hm
2The tangerine garden hangs a frequency ventilating type insecticidal lamp, or per 4-4.6 hm
2The tangerine garden hangs a solar insect-killing light..
7. a kind of orange disease and insect pests green prevention and control method according to claim 5 is characterized in that the step of yellow insect-sticking plate insect-killing trapping is: in every year the early April-by the end of November, every hm
2225-300 yellow insect-sticking plates of tangerine garden suspension.
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| CN201210280010.6A CN102812874B (en) | 2012-08-08 | 2012-08-08 | Green control method of citrus diseases and insects |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210280010.6A CN102812874B (en) | 2012-08-08 | 2012-08-08 | Green control method of citrus diseases and insects |
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| CN102812874B CN102812874B (en) | 2014-04-02 |
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| CN105265247A (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2016-01-27 | 广西金神农生态农业科技开发有限公司 | Green prevention and control method for diseases and insects in citrus planting |
| CN105557423A (en) * | 2015-12-14 | 2016-05-11 | 何环 | Citrus cultivation technology |
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| CN105265247A (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2016-01-27 | 广西金神农生态农业科技开发有限公司 | Green prevention and control method for diseases and insects in citrus planting |
| CN105557423A (en) * | 2015-12-14 | 2016-05-11 | 何环 | Citrus cultivation technology |
| CN105638331A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-06-08 | 镇江常青园林工程有限公司 | Plant disease and pest green prevention and control method for garden plants |
| CN105850641A (en) * | 2016-04-25 | 2016-08-17 | 湖北山太子农业科技有限公司 | Planting method of high-quality and environment-friendly Yidu tangerine oranges |
| CN107810791A (en) * | 2017-11-14 | 2018-03-20 | 湖北省农业科学院果树茶叶研究所 | A kind of peach garden summer sod culture method |
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| CN115606440A (en) * | 2022-10-13 | 2023-01-17 | 云南省农业科学院热带亚热带经济作物研究所 | An ecological control method of citrus pests based on predatory mite |
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