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CN102812304A - Install components - Google Patents

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Publication number
CN102812304A
CN102812304A CN201180007658XA CN201180007658A CN102812304A CN 102812304 A CN102812304 A CN 102812304A CN 201180007658X A CN201180007658X A CN 201180007658XA CN 201180007658 A CN201180007658 A CN 201180007658A CN 102812304 A CN102812304 A CN 102812304A
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China
Prior art keywords
window
solar
tensile stress
mounting
thermal expansion
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Granted
Application number
CN201180007658XA
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Chinese (zh)
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CN102812304B (en
Inventor
H·卡弗雷
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Heliofocus Ltd
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Heliofocus Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
    • F24S20/20—Solar heat collectors for receiving concentrated solar energy, e.g. receivers for solar power plants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

A solar receiver comprising a housing for the receiver, a window positioned in the housing to allow solar radiation to pass therethrough, the housing being under tensile stress, this is due to the effect of thermal expansion caused by solar heating resulting from exposure to solar radiation, the fluid inlet, operable to allow a working fluid to flow therethrough, an absorber of solar radiation, surrounding at least a portion of the window, and which is operable to allow solar radiation to pass through the window for heating, the fluid outlet, which is operable to allow the working fluid to drain from the absorber and out of the receiver, a mounting member is provided to mount the window to the housing, the mounting member being at least partially formed of a material having a low coefficient of thermal expansion to minimize tensile stresses imposed on the window by the housing.

Description

Installation component
Technical field
In general, what the present invention relates to is installation component, and in particular is used to install the assembly of the material of low tensile strength.
Background technology
Material with low tensile strength can be defined as a kind of like this material, and promptly this material can not be applicable on the relatively low tensile stress.Failpoint is defined as the degree of ultimate tensile strength (UTS).
Summary of the invention
According to embodiment of the present invention, provide a kind of solar receiver at this, this receiver comprises the shell of receiver; Be positioned at the window on the shell, this window permission solar radiation can be from wherein passing, and shell can bear tensile stress; Tensile stress is owing to produce from the thermal expansion that solar energy heating caused of solar radiation, the fluid input port, and it can be operated and be used to allow the working fluid can flow therein; The absorber of solar radiation, it is centered around around the window of at least a portion, and the solar radiation that is penetrated from window is heated; Fluid outlet; It can be operated and be used for allowing working fluid to flow out from absorber, thereby and from receiver, flow out, installing component can be used for window is installed to shell; Installing component part at least is to be processed by the material with low thermal coefficient of expansion, thereby will drop to minimum by the tensile stress that shell is applied on the window.
According to embodiment of the present invention, solar energy heating is to carry out being higher than under 100 ℃ the relative high-temperature.What can select is, solar energy heating is to carry out being higher than under 400 ℃ the relative high-temperature.And solar energy heating is to carry out being higher than under 600 ℃ the relative high-temperature.Can select then be that solar energy heating is under relative high-temperature, to carry out, and is higher than 100 ℃ or higher temperature.
Embodiment according to another preferred, the material with low thermal coefficient of expansion has less than 3 (10 -6/ ℃) thermal linear expansion coefficient.In addition, the material that has low thermal coefficient of expansion is made up of FeNi36.
Remain embodiment according to another preferred; Installing component is made up of the inclined plane on the bottom; The inclined plane is configured to normal stress is applied on the window from the direction that meets tensile stress, thereby will drop to minimum through the tensile stress that shell is applied on the window.In addition, shell is made up of the bottom, itself and shell cross-under together, thereby can be easily near in the window.And solar receiver comprises the core that can be out of shape, and it engages with shell and can operate and is used to be pressed in window, thereby prevents that shell from splitting away off from shell.
Therefore, embodiment provides with a kind of installation component at this according to another preferred; It comprises first parts, and first parts comprise the material with low tensile strength, second parts; These second parts can be operating as and bear because the tensile stress that thermal expansion produced; And installing component, it can be installed to first parts on second parts, and installing component is made up of the inclined plane on the bottom; The inclined plane is configured to normal stress is applied on first parts from the direction that meets tensile stress, thereby will drop to minimum through the tensile stress that second parts are applied on first parts.
Remain another embodiment of the present invention; Provide a kind of installation component at this, this installation component comprises first, and this first comprises the material with low tensile strength; Second portion; This second portion can be operated and be used to bear tensile stress, and tensile stress is because thermal expansion wherein causes, and installing component can be used for first parts are installed to second parts; Installing component is that part is processed by the material with low thermal coefficient of expansion at least; Installing component is to be made up of the inclined plane on the bottom, and the inclined plane is configured to normal stress is applied on first parts meeting on the direction of tensile stress, thereby will drop to minimum through the tensile stress that second parts are applied on first parts.
Therefore, embodiment provides a kind of installation component at this according to another preferred; This installation component comprises first; This first comprises the material with low tensile strength, and second portion, this second portion can be operated and be used to bear tensile stress; Tensile stress is because thermal expansion wherein causes; And installing component can be used for first parts are installed to second parts, and installing component is that part is processed by the material with low thermal coefficient of expansion at least, thereby will drop to minimum through the tensile stress that second parts are applied on first parts.
According to embodiment of the present invention, thermal expansion is that the solar energy heating by second parts causes.
Embodiment according to another preferred, solar energy heating are to carry out being higher than under 100 ℃ the relative high-temperature.What can select is, solar energy heating is to carry out being higher than under 400 ℃ the relative high-temperature.And solar energy heating is to carry out being higher than under 600 ℃ the relative high-temperature.Can select then be that solar energy heating is under relative high-temperature, to carry out, and is higher than 100 ℃ or higher temperature.
Embodiment according to another preferred, the material with low thermal coefficient of expansion has less than 3 (10 -6/ ℃) thermal linear expansion coefficient.In addition, the material that has low thermal coefficient of expansion is made up of FeNi36.
Therefore, according to further embodiment of the present invention, provide a kind of installation method at this; This installation method comprises, first is provided, and this first comprises the material with low tensile strength; Second portion is provided, and this second portion can be operated and be used to bear tensile stress, and tensile stress is because thermal expansion wherein causes; And first parts are installed on second parts through installing component; Installing component is to be made up of the inclined plane on the bottom, and the inclined plane is configured to normal stress is applied on first parts meeting on the direction of tensile stress, thereby will drop to minimum through the tensile stress that second parts are applied on first parts.
Therefore, according to embodiment further of the present invention, provide a kind of installation method at this; This installation method comprises, first is provided, and this first comprises the material with low tensile strength; Second portion is provided; This second portion can be operated and be used to bear tensile stress, and tensile stress is because thermal expansion wherein causes, and through installing component first parts is installed on second parts; Installing component is that part is processed by the material with low thermal coefficient of expansion at least; Installing component is to be made up of the inclined plane on the bottom, and the inclined plane is configured to normal stress is applied on first parts meeting on the direction of tensile stress, thereby will drop to minimum through the tensile stress that second parts are applied on first parts.
Therefore, still, provide a kind of installation method at this according to embodiment further of the present invention; This installation method comprises, first is provided, and this first comprises the material with low tensile strength; Second portion is provided; This second portion can be operated and be used to bear tensile stress, and tensile stress is because thermal expansion wherein causes, and through installing component first parts is installed on second parts; Installing component is that part is processed by the material with low thermal coefficient of expansion at least, thereby will drop to minimum through the tensile stress that second parts are applied on first parts.
Therefore, embodiment according to another preferred provides a kind of solar receiver at this; This receiver comprises the shell of receiver, is positioned at the window on the shell, and this window permission solar radiation can be from wherein passing; The fluid input port, it can be operated and be used to allow the working fluid can flow therein, the absorber of solar radiation; It is centered around around the window of at least a portion, and fluid outlet is heated in the solar radiation that is penetrated from window; It can be operated and be used for allowing working fluid to flow out from absorber, thereby and from receiver, flow out, shell is made up of the bottom; The bottom with the shell cross-under together, thereby can easily be close in the window.
Therefore, according to another embodiment of the present invention, provide a kind of solar receiver at this; This receiver comprises the shell of receiver, is positioned at the window on the shell, and this window permission solar radiation can be from wherein passing; The fluid input port, it can be operated and be used to allow the working fluid can flow therein, the absorber of solar radiation; It is centered around around the window of at least a portion, and fluid outlet is heated in the solar radiation that is penetrated from window; It can be operated and be used for allowing working fluid to flow out from absorber; Deformable core, itself and shell are bonded together and can be operating as and be pressed on the window, thereby prevent that window from coming off from shell.
Description of drawings
Through the detailed description of doing below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing of correspondence, people will understand and understand with being more prone to the present invention, in following accompanying drawing:
Accompanying drawing 1A and 1B make up according to embodiment of the present invention and the schematic illustration of the simplification of the installation component of operation and the cutting line IB-IB in the accompanying drawing 1A dissect the brief description of the view that obtains;
Accompanying drawing 2 be according to embodiment of the present invention make up and operation comprise explanation by the concise and to the point cutting plane of the solar receiver of installation component; And
Accompanying drawing 3 is that big cutting line III-III dissects and the explanation of the concise and to the point cutting plane of the view that obtains in the accompanying drawing 2.
The specific embodiment
In following description, various aspects of the present invention will be able to describe.Be in short and sweet purpose, assign to provide understanding globality of the present invention with setting specific structure and detail portion.Yet it is obvious that, for any those of ordinary skill in this area, and the specific detail content that need not among this paper to be proposed, the present invention also can put into practice.Furtherly, for fear of the present invention is caused misunderstanding, all known characteristics will be omitted or simplify.
With reference now to accompanying drawing 1A and 1B,, these accompanying drawings are to make up and the schematic illustration of the simplification of the installation component of operation and the cutting line IB-IB in the accompanying drawing 1A dissect the brief description of the view that obtains according to embodiment of the present invention.As can from accompanying drawing 1A, being seen, installation component 10 comprises first parts 12, and it is installed on second parts 14 through installing component 16.First parts 12 and second parts 14 can have any appropriate configurations structure, for example, annular, for example cylindrical as at accompanying drawing 1A and 1B, dome property, perhaps cube.First parts 12 can be to be processed by any suitable material, are typically, and have the material of low tensile strength.
Material with low tensile strength can be defined as a kind of like this material, and promptly this material can not be applicable on the relatively low tensile stress.Failpoint is defined as the degree of ultimate tensile strength (UTS).For instance, the material that has a low tensile strength can be defined as a kind of UTS less than 150 material.What can select is, the material with low tensile strength can be defined as a kind of UTS less than 100 material. what can also select is, the material with low tensile strength can be defined as a kind of UTS less than 50 material.
Second parts 14 can be to be processed by any suitable material, and can be arranged as and bear tensile stress.Tensile stress can be because the thermal stress that is applied on second parts 14 causes, and it the outwards thermal expansion of derivation possibly occur, by the indicated tensile stress radially of arrow 20.Thermal stress possibly be to be produced by any calorie source, and for example, solar energy will combine accompanying drawing 2 and 3 to do further description.
Calorie source can be heated to high relatively temperature, for example, is higher than 100 ℃.Calorie source can be heated to high relatively temperature, for example, is higher than 200 ℃.Calorie source can be heated to high relatively temperature, for example, is higher than 300 ℃.Calorie source can be heated to high relatively temperature, for example, is higher than 400 ℃.Calorie source can be heated to high relatively temperature, for example, is higher than 500 ℃.Calorie source can be heated to high relatively temperature, for example, is higher than 600 ℃.Calorie source can be heated to high relatively temperature, for example, is higher than 700 ℃.Calorie source can be heated to high relatively temperature, for example, is higher than 800 ℃.Calorie source can be heated to high relatively temperature, for example, is higher than 900 ℃.Calorie source can be heated to high relatively temperature, for example, is higher than 1000 ℃ or higher temperature.
Installing component 16 can be used for dropping to the tensile stress that is applied on first parts 12 minimum.T installing component 16 can be made up of any appropriate configurations form, and can process through any suitable material, and this material can be operated the tensile stress that is used for being applied on first parts 12 and drop to minimum.As in accompanying drawing 1A and 1B, being seen, installing component 16 can be an annular, on its bottom 24, has inclined plane 22.Generally speaking, the power that is directed downwards for example, by arrow 28 represented thermal stress or any gravity, can be applied on first parts 12.In turn, first parts 12 will be applied on the installing component 16 by the arrow 30 represented power that are directed downwards.The consequent normal pressure that is applied on first parts 12 through installing component 16 is that part makes progress, and is just as shown in arrow 34, and is that part is inside, just as shown in arrow 36.The outside tensile stress 20 that inside normal pressure 36 will be applied on first parts 12 drops to minimum.
In addition or can select be, installing component 16 can be to be processed by the material with low relatively thermal coefficient of expansion, thus the tensile stress that will be applied to by the thermal expansion on second parts 14 on first parts 12 drops to minimum.Material with relatively low thermal coefficient of expansion can be any suitable material; For example; FeNi36; This material can obtain through commercial sources, and its trade name is INVAR
Figure BPA00001595156700071
.Also can use other materials with low relatively thermal coefficient of expansion; For example; Fe-33Ni-4.5Co, and said material also can be through the commercial sources acquisition, and its trade name is INOVCO
Figure BPA00001595156700072
; For example, FeNi42 and FeNiCo alloy.
In addition, the material that has a relatively low thermal coefficient of expansion can be defined as has thermal linear expansion coefficient less than 6 (10 -6/ ℃) material.Material with relatively low thermal coefficient of expansion can be defined as has thermal linear expansion coefficient less than 5 (10 -6/ ℃) material.Material with relatively low thermal coefficient of expansion can be defined as has thermal linear expansion coefficient less than 4 (10 -6/ ℃) material.Material with relatively low thermal coefficient of expansion can be defined as has thermal linear expansion coefficient less than 3 (10 -6/ ℃) material.Material with relatively low thermal coefficient of expansion can be defined as has thermal linear expansion coefficient less than 2 (10 -6/ ℃) material.
The embodiment of the installation component of describing at subsequently accompanying drawing 2 and accompanying drawing 3 10.People recognize that this embodiment is not a kind of restrictive embodiment, but installation component 10 can be put into practice through a lot of other modes.
With reference now to accompanying drawing 2,, this accompanying drawing be according to embodiment of the present invention make up and operation comprise explanation by the concise and to the point cutting plane of the solar receiver of installation component.As from accompanying drawing 2, can seeing, solar receiver 100 comprises the shell 102 of receiver, and this shell is to be processed by any suitable material.Shell 102 can be configured to be roughly columniform main part 104, on it by top 108 and bottom 110.Shell 102 can be modelled as any suitable form.In embodiments of the invention, bottom and main part 104 can be processed by stainless steel material, and bottom 110 can be fabricated from iron.
Main part 104 is bonded together through any suitable mode and top 108, for example, is installed to from top 108 to go out on the outstanding circumferential projection 118 by crossing screw 120 through the circumferential projection 116 that begins to give prominence to from main part 104.O type circle 122 can be placed between projection 116 and 118.O type circle 122 is to be used to guarantee that engaging between each main part 104 and the top 108 is a kind of joint of secure seal.Also can adopt any suitable mode that main body 104 and top 108 are sealed.
Main part 104 is bonded together through any suitable mode and bottom 110, for example, is installed to from top 110 to go out on the outstanding circumferential projection 128 by crossing screw 130 through the circumferential projection 126 that begins to give prominence to from main part 104.O type circle 136 can be placed between projection 126 and 118.O type circle 136 is to be used to guarantee that engaging between each main part 104 and the bottom 110 is a kind of joint of secure seal.Also can adopt any suitable mode that main body 104 and bottom 110 are sealed.
The shell 138 of the input pipe on the input pipe assembly 140 108 begins to give prominence to from the top.Input pipe 142 normally is made up of columniform part 144, and its part is placed in the shell 138 of input pipe.In general, center input pipe part 148 is placed among the main part 104, and is connected on the cylindrical part 144 through angled part 150.Input pipe 142 can be process by stainless steel or process by any other suitable material.
Input pipe 142 can be configured to any suitable structure, for example, for instance, normally columniform configuration structure.
Circumferential projection 170 on 148 pairs of bottoms of center input pipe part limits, and it is pressed on the center shielding big envelope 172 of radiation shielded components 174.
Radiation shielded components 174 can be used for protecting input pipe assembly 140 to avoid being entered into by window 222 radiation of the solar radiation of receiver 100; And allowing working fluid from input pipe 142, to flow out through perforation 224, perforation 224 is on the window 222 of radiation shielded components 174, to form.
It should be noted that, radiation shielded components 174 be can omit no.
Window 222 is disposed within the receiver 100.Window 222 is designed to allow that solar radiation can shine above that and can be from wherein passing.
Window 222 can be by moulding; For example, be the part of paraboloid of revolution, be the configuration structure of a part or any suitable geometry of hyperbolic paraboloid; It limits fairshaped profile, does not wherein have the profile transition wire from a geometric shape to other geometric shapes.Fairshaped profile will drop to minimum along the turbulent flow of window 222 flowing process fluid, and will drop to minimum from the reflection loss of the solar radiation that will inject that wherein passes.In addition, fairshaped profile can be eliminated the tensile stress on window 222, this tensile stress be by, for example, the profile transition is caused, and in volume production, the degree of accuracy is provided.
It should be noted that; Window 222 can be modelled as any suitable be similar to conical or conical configuration structure of part or geometry; It limits fairshaped profile, and the profile that wherein exists from a kind of geometric shape to other a kind of geometric shape changes, and is perhaps any with other suitable forms; Thereby allow solar radiation to shine on it, and working fluid can flow nearby.Window 222 can be to be processed by any suitable material, and it can bear high relatively temperature and solar radiant heat wherein for instance, and window 222 can be processed by vitreosil.These materials have low relatively tensile strength.
Around the absorber 230 of solar radiation is disposed in, and arrange along the inner surface of window 222.The absorber 230 of solar radiation can be configured to any suitable structure, so that allow solar radiation to be absorbed therein, thereby to heating via the working fluid that input module 140 flows into.
Can below window 222, place circumferential sealing 240.Sealing 240 can be to be processed by any suitable material, for example, for instance, graphite.
Window 222 can be installed on the shell 102 through any suitable mode.According to embodiment of the present invention, window 222, it can be defined as first parts 12 on the installation component 10 among accompanying drawing 1A and the 1B, and it can be installed on the bottom 110 of shell 102 through annulus 244.Bottom 110 can be defined as second parts and annulus 224 can be defined as installing component 16.
Annulus 224 can be to be processed by any suitable material, the description content that in preceding text, combines to carry out among accompanying drawing 1A and the 1B.For instance, annulus 224 can be to be processed by the material with low relatively thermal coefficient of expansion, for example, and FeNi36.Annulus 224 can be configured to any suitable structure, for example, has the bottom surface 226 of inclination.
In the operating process of receiver 100, solar radiation shines on the receiver with high relatively temperature, and for example, temperature range is between 400-1000 ℃.Receiver 100 can bear high relatively temperature in considerable time, for example, and the every day in the middle of 1 year.
Outside thermal expansion takes place with the window radiated flange of window refrigeration system 250 248 in bottom 110, and by the represented radial stress of arrow 252, it is applied to tensile stress on the window 222.
Annulus 244 is used for dropping to the tensile stress that is applied on the window 222 minimum.Inclined bottom surface 246 is configured on the direction shown in arrow 253 normal pressure is being applied on sealing 240 and the window, suitably adjusts the direction of tensile stress 252, is applied to the tensile stress on the window 222 thereby reduce.In addition, the annulus of being processed by low relatively thermal coefficient of expansion 244 prevents that extra tensile stress is applied on the window 222.
Radiated flange 248 can be to be processed by any suitable material; Preferably, has the material of high relatively rotproofness, for example; For instance; Stainless steel, thus the corrosion of flowing and being caused prevented owing to radiator liquid, and radiator liquid is in the radiator liquid passage 254 of the annular that is formed by radiated flange 248, to flow.Radiated flange 248 is secured on the bottom 110 through any suitable mode, for example, and through screw 255.Between the radiated flange 248 and bottom 110 in the middle of sealing 256 can be placed on.Sealing 256 can be to be processed by any suitable material, for example, for instance, graphite.
Screw 255 penetrates the main part 104 of bottom 110 and shell 102 and links together.When screw 255 unclamps, can relatively easily He easily bottom 110 be disassembled from main part 104, thereby can easily enter into window 222 and absorber 230, and need not to dismantle by force shell 102.
The anchor clamps 260 of dividing wall have covered the part of radiated flange 248, and through any suitable mode, for example, screw 262 comes to be bonded together with radiated flange.Installing component 260 is made up of inclined surface 266; So that be pressed on the core 270; It is pressed on the window 222 successively; Thereby guarantee window 222 can be securely through seal 240, annulus 244 and radiated flange 248 be bonded together with bottom 110, and and therefore can not be 110 replace from the bottom.
Core 270 can be configured to the cross section 272 of rectangle, and it is to be processed by any suitable deformable material, thereby allows core 270 can be pressed between window 222, sealing 240, installing component 244 and the radiated flange 248.For instance, deformable material possibly be a ceramic material, for example; It possibly be a kind of CeraTex ceramic fibre cord of square woollen yarn knitting; Can be through commercial sources from Mineral Seal Corp.1832 S.Research Loop Tucson, AZ, the ceramic fibre of USA obtains on the net.The anchor clamps 260 of numerous dividing wall can be centered around in the form of a ring core 270 around.
Shine in the process of window in solar radiation, the cooling system 250 of window can be used for window 222 is freezed.Window cooling system 250 can comprise the conduit 302 of input cooling fluid liquid, and it can be operated and be used to allow cooling fluid, is typically, and water can flow therein, and in the cooling passage 254 of annular, flows.Cooling fluid is discharged from fluid passage 254 through the delivery outlet 320 of cooling fluid.In the middle of can being placed on, O type circle 350 between radiated flange 248 and the annulus 244, seals to guarantee the cooling fluid that in window cooling system 250, flows.
People recognize that window 222 can cool off through any suitable mode.What can select is that cooling system 250 can omit need not.
Numerous annular heat insulating member 390 can be arranged among the receiver 100.Heat insulating member 390 can be to be processed by any other suitable heat-insulating material, and can prevent that solar radiation from inciding in the shell 102.People recognize that heat insulating member can be configured to any suitable mode, for example, and for instance, one chip.
The shell 400 of the output duct of output duct assembly 410 108 begins to form from the top.In general, output duct 420 is columniform, and its part is placed in the shell 400 of output duct, and part is placed in the top 108.The shell 400 and the output duct 420 of output duct can be processed by stainless steel material, are perhaps processed by any suitable material.Output duct assembly 410 can be used for discharging working fluid from receiver 100.
People recognize that solar receiver 100 can be integrated in the heat energy system of solar energy, for example, and the heat energy system of coaxial sun-tracing ability, or from a heat energy system of sun-tracing ability.Known in the art be coaxial sun-tracing can heat energy system be a kind of solar energy system, target wherein, promptly; Solar receiver; Always remain on the center line, center line is between the reflector (speculum) and the sun at solar energy, therefore; The position of target (that is solar receiver) continuously changes moving with sun-tracing.The embodiment of the heat energy system of coaxial sun-tracing ability can comprise the concentrator of parabolic reflector/concentrator and Fresnel lens.In the heat energy system of axle sun-tracing ability, target (that is, solar receiver) can be that fix or mobile, but does not generally remain on the position of the center line between the reflector (perhaps speculum) and the sun.Can comprise center sun receiver from an embodiment of the heat energy system of sun-tracing ability, for example, solar tower.
The one of ordinary skilled in the art can both understand, and the present invention is not limited to it within specific description content shown in preceding text.But; Scope of the present invention comprises that the combination of various characteristic described herein and son combine, and, after having read this specification; Various modification or improvement all are conspicuous for the one of ordinary skilled in the art, and do not belong to prior art.Accompanying drawing 3 is that big cutting line III-III dissects and the explanation of the concise and to the point cutting plane of the view that obtains in the accompanying drawing 2.

Claims (25)

1.一种太阳能接收器，包括：1. A solar receiver comprising: 接收器的外壳；the housing of the receiver; 位于所述外壳上的窗口，其允许太阳能辐射可以从其中穿过，a window located on the housing which allows solar radiation to pass therethrough, 所述外壳承受张应力，该张应力是由于从所述的太阳辐射所导致的太阳能加热所产生的；said outer shell is subjected to tensile stress due to solar heating from said solar radiation; 流体输入口，该输入口可以操作用于允许工作流体在其中流动；a fluid input port operable to allow a working fluid to flow therethrough; 太阳能辐射的吸收器，其围绕在至少部分所述的窗口周围，并可以操作用于通过穿透所述窗口的太阳辐射来进行加热；an absorber of solar radiation surrounding at least part of said window and operable to be heated by solar radiation penetrating said window; 流体输出口，该输出口可以操作用于允许所述的工作流体从所述的吸收器中排出并从所述的接收器中流出；a fluid output port operable to allow said working fluid to exit said absorber and exit said receiver; 安装部件可以用于将所述的窗口安装到所述的外壳上，所述的安装部件是至少部分由具有低的热膨胀系数的材料制成的，从而将由所述的外壳施加到所述的窗口上的张应力降到最低。A mounting member may be used to mount the window to the housing, the mounting member being at least partially made of a material having a low coefficient of thermal expansion such that the housing is applied to the window Tensile stresses are minimized. 2.根据权利要求1中的太阳能接收器，其中所述的太阳能加热是在高于100℃的相对高的温度下进行的。2. The solar receiver of claim 1, wherein said solar heating is performed at a relatively high temperature above 100°C. 3.根据权利要求1中的太阳能接收器，其中所述的太阳能加热是在高于400℃的相对高的温度下进行的。3. The solar receiver of claim 1, wherein said solar heating is performed at a relatively high temperature above 400°C. 4.根据权利要求1中的太阳能接收器，其中所述的太阳能加热是在高于600℃的相对高的温度下进行的。4. The solar receiver of claim 1, wherein said solar heating is performed at a relatively high temperature above 600°C. 5.根据权利要求1中的太阳能接收器，其中所述的太阳能加热是在的相对高的温度下进行的，高于1000℃或者更高的温度。5. The solar receiver of claim 1, wherein said solar heating is performed at a relatively high temperature, higher than 1000°C or higher. 6.根据权利要求1-5中的任何一种太阳能接收器，其中所述的具有低的热膨胀系数的材料具有小于3(10-6/℃)的线性热膨胀系数。6. A solar receiver according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein said material having a low thermal expansion coefficient has a linear thermal expansion coefficient of less than 3 (10 -6 /°C). 7.根据权利要求1-6中的任何一种太阳能接收器，其中所述的具有低的热膨胀系数的材料是由FeNi36组成的。7. A solar receiver according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein said material having a low coefficient of thermal expansion consists of FeNi36. 8.根据权利要求1-7中的任何一种太阳能接收器，其中所述的安装部件是由底部上的倾斜面构成的，所述倾斜面被配置为将法向应力从符合张应力的方向施加到所述的窗口上，从而将通过所述外壳施加到所述窗口上的张应力降到最低。8. A solar receiver according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein said mounting member is formed by an inclined surface on the bottom, said inclined surface configured to divert normal stress from a direction consistent with tensile stress applied to the window so as to minimize the tensile stress applied to the window by the shell. 9.根据权利要求1-8中的任何一种太阳能接收器，其中所述的外壳是由底部构成的，底部与外壳穿接在一起，从而可以容易地接近所述的窗口。9. A solar receiver according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein said housing is formed by a base which is threaded through the housing to provide easy access to said window. 10.根据权利要求1-9中的任何一种太阳能接收器，还包括可以变形的线芯，其与所述的外壳接合在一起并可以操作为压在所述的窗口上，从而防止所述窗口从所述的外壳上脱落。10. A solar receiver according to any one of claims 1-9, further comprising a deformable core engaged with said housing and operable to press against said window, thereby preventing said The window comes off the said casing. 11.一种安装组件，包括：11. A mounting assembly comprising: 包括具有低的抗张强度的材料的第一部件；comprising a first part of a material having a low tensile strength; 第二部件，该第二部件可以操作为承受由于热膨胀所产生的张应力；以及a second component operable to withstand tensile stress due to thermal expansion; and 安装部件，其可以将所述的第一部件安装到所述的第二部件上，所述的安装部件是由底部上的倾斜面组成的，所述的倾斜面被配置为将法向应力从符合张应力的方向施加到第一部件上，从而将通过第二部件施加到第一部件上的张应力降到最低。Mounting member capable of mounting said first member to said second member, said mounting member consisting of an inclined surface on the bottom configured to divert normal stress from The direction consistent with the tensile stress is applied to the first part, thereby minimizing the tensile stress applied to the first part by the second part. 12.一种安装组件，包括：12. A mounting assembly comprising: 包括具有低的抗张强度的材料的第一部件；comprising a first part of a material having a low tensile strength; 第二部件，该第二部件可以操作为承受由于热膨胀所产生的张应力；以及a second component operable to withstand tensile stress due to thermal expansion; and 安装部件，其可以将所述的第一部件安装到所述的第二部件上，a mounting component capable of mounting said first component to said second component, 所述的安装部件是至少部分由具有低的热膨胀系数的材料制成的，said mounting part is at least partially made of a material having a low coefficient of thermal expansion, 所述的安装部件是由底部上的倾斜面构成的，所述的倾斜面被配置为将法向应力从符合张应力的方向施加到第一部件上，从而将通过第二部件施加到第一部件上的张应力降到最低。The mounting part is formed by an inclined surface on the bottom configured to apply a normal stress to the first part from a direction consistent with the tensile stress, thereby applying a normal stress to the first part through the second part. Tensile stress on components is minimized. 13.一种安装组件，包括：13. A mounting assembly comprising: 包括具有低的抗张强度的材料的第一部件；comprising a first part of a material having a low tensile strength; 第二部件，该第二部件可以操作为承受由于热膨胀所产生的张应力；以及a second component operable to withstand tensile stress due to thermal expansion; and 安装部件，其可以将所述的第一部件安装到所述的第二部件上，所述的安装部件是至少部分由具有低的热膨胀系数的材料制成的，从而将通过第二部件施加到第一部件上的张应力降到最低。A mounting member capable of mounting said first member to said second member, said mounting member being at least partially made of a material having a low coefficient of thermal expansion so as to be applied by said second member to said second member. Tensile stress on the first part is minimized. 14.根据权利要求11-13中的任何一种安装组件，其中所述的热膨胀是由所述的第二部件的太阳能的加热所导致的。14. A mounting assembly according to any one of claims 11-13, wherein said thermal expansion is caused by solar heating of said second member. 15.根据权利要求14中的安装组件，其中所述的太阳能加热是在高于100℃的相对高的温度下进行的。15. A mounting assembly according to claim 14, wherein said solar heating is performed at a relatively high temperature above 100°C. 16.根据权利要求14中的安装组件，其中所述的太阳能加热是在高于400℃的相对高的温度下进行的。16. The mounting assembly of claim 14, wherein said solar heating is performed at a relatively high temperature above 400°C. 17.根据权利要求14中的安装组件，其中所述的太阳能加热是在高于600℃的相对高的温度下进行的。17. The mounting assembly of claim 14, wherein said solar heating is performed at a relatively high temperature above 600°C. 18.根据权利要求14中的安装组件，其中所述的太阳能加热是在的相对高的温度下进行的，高于1000℃或者更高的温度。18. The mounting assembly of claim 14, wherein said solar heating is performed at a relatively high temperature, greater than 1000°C or higher. 19.根据权利要求11，12，14-18中的任何一种安装组件，其中所述的具有低的热膨胀系数的材料具有小于3(10-6/℃)的线性热膨胀系数。19. A mounting assembly according to any one of claims 11, 12, 14-18, wherein said material having a low thermal expansion coefficient has a linear thermal expansion coefficient of less than 3 (10 -6 /°C). 20.根据权利要求11，12，14-19中的任何一种安装组件，其中所述的具有低的热膨胀系数的材料是由FeNi36组成的。20. A mounting assembly according to any one of claims 11, 12, 14-19, wherein said material having a low coefficient of thermal expansion is composed of FeNi36. 21.一种安装方法，包括：21. A method of installation comprising: 提供第一部分，该第一部分包括具有低的抗张强度的材料；providing a first part comprising a material having a low tensile strength; 提供第二部分，该第二部分可以操作用于承受由于其中的热膨胀所导致的张应力；以及providing a second portion operable to withstand tensile stress due to thermal expansion therein; and 通过安装部件将第一部件安装到第二部件上，所述的安装部件是由底部上的倾斜面构成的，所述的倾斜面被配置为将法向应力从符合张应力的方向施加到第一部件上，从而将通过第二部件施加到第一部件上的张应力降到最低。The first part is mounted to the second part by means of mounting means constituted by inclined surfaces on the bottom configured to apply normal stress to the second part from a direction corresponding to the tensile stress. One part, thereby minimizing the tensile stress applied to the first part by the second part. 22.一种安装方法，包括：22. A method of installation comprising: 提供第一部分，该第一部分包括具有低的抗张强度的材料；providing a first part comprising a material having a low tensile strength; 提供第二部分，该第二部分可以操作用于承受由于其中的热膨胀所导致的张应力；以及providing a second portion operable to withstand tensile stress due to thermal expansion therein; and 通过安装部件将第一部件安装到第二部件上，mounting the first part to the second part by means of the mounting part, 所述的安装部件是至少部分由具有低的热膨胀系数的材料制成的，said mounting part is at least partially made of a material having a low coefficient of thermal expansion, 所述的安装部件是由底部上的倾斜面构成的，所述的倾斜面被配置为将法向应力从符合张应力的方向施加到第一部件上，从而将通过第二部件施加到第一部件上的张应力降到最低。The mounting part is formed by an inclined surface on the bottom configured to apply a normal stress to the first part from a direction consistent with the tensile stress, thereby applying a normal stress to the first part through the second part. Tensile stress on components is minimized. 23.一种安装方法，包括：23. A method of installation comprising: 提供第一部分，该第一部分包括具有低的抗张强度的材料；providing a first part comprising a material having a low tensile strength; 提供第二部分，该第二部分可以操作用于承受由于其中的热膨胀所导致的张应力；以及providing a second portion operable to withstand tensile stress due to thermal expansion therein; and 通过安装部件将第一部件安装到第二部件上，所述的安装部件是至少部分由具有低的热膨胀系数的材料制成的，从而将通过第二部件施加到第一部件上的张应力降到最低。Mounting the first part to the second part by means of a mounting part which is at least partly made of a material having a low coefficient of thermal expansion, thereby reducing the tensile stress applied to the first part by the second part to the minimum. 24.一种太阳能接收器，该接收器包括：24. A solar receiver comprising: 接收器的外壳；the housing of the receiver; 位于外壳上的窗口，该窗口允许太阳辐射可以从其中穿；a window in the shell that allows solar radiation to pass through it; 流体输入口，其可以操作用于允许工作流体可以在其中流动；a fluid input port operable to allow a working fluid to flow therein; 太阳辐射的吸收器，其围绕在至少一部分的窗口周围，并可以操作为被从所述窗口穿透的太阳辐射所加热；an absorber of solar radiation surrounding at least a portion of the window and operable to be heated by solar radiation penetrating through said window; 流体输出口，其可以操作用于允许所述的工作流体可以从所述的吸收器中流出，并从而从所述的接收器中流出，a fluid outlet operable to permit flow of said working fluid from said absorber and thereby from said receiver, 所述的外壳是由底部构成的，底部与外壳穿接在一起，从而可以容易地接近到窗口中。The shell is formed by a bottom, and the bottom and the shell are pierced together so as to be easily accessible to the window. 25.一种太阳能接收器，该接收器包括：25. A solar receiver comprising: 接收器的外壳；the housing of the receiver; 位于外壳上的窗口，该窗口允许太阳辐射可以从其中穿过；a window in the shell that allows solar radiation to pass through it; 流体输入口，其可以操作用于允许工作流体可以在其中流动；a fluid input port operable to allow a working fluid to flow therethrough; 太阳辐射的吸收器，其围绕在至少一部分的所述窗口的周围，并被从窗口穿透的所述的太阳辐射所加热；an absorber of solar radiation surrounding at least a portion of said window and being heated by said solar radiation penetrating through the window; 流体输出口，其可以操作用于允许工作流体可以从吸收器中流出；a fluid outlet operable to allow working fluid to exit the absorber; 可变形的线芯，其与外壳接合在一起并可以操作为压在窗口上，从而防止窗口从外壳上脱落。A deformable core is engaged with the housing and is operable to press against the window, thereby preventing the window from falling out of the housing.
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