CN102811256B - A kind of method and system for realizing application layer transmission optimization - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of method and system for realizing application layer transmission optimization, including：The network information and corresponding strategies of PID networks where application layer transmission optimization (ALTO) calculator in network location identifier (PID) network that each supplier defines is collected are arranged on, the network information being collected into and corresponding strategies are sent to affiliated ALTO server；ALTO calculators receive the network information and strategy for the PID networks under ALTO server that ALTO server is sent, according to strategy and the routing iinformation inquired, PID networks reach the cost information of other PID networks under ALTO server where calculating itself respectively, and cost information is sent into ALTO server.

Description

A method and system for implementing application layer transmission optimization

technical field

The present invention relates to the field of network transmission, in particular to a method and system for realizing ALTO (Application-Layer Traffic Optimization, application-layer traffic optimization).

Background technique

At present, P2P (Peer-to-Peer, peer-to-peer) services are widely developed, such as BT, Thunder, PPLive and PPStream, etc. are widely used. However, in terms of P2P applications, due to the randomness of P2P route selection, it was directly selected from the peer list in the early days. Now each application selects routes in its own way. There is no unified standard, and the effect is uneven. The existing P2P route selection is also the route selection of the application layer, which cannot perceive the situation of the network, and therefore cannot realize the optimization of network transmission. As a result, the operator's inter-network settlement traffic is large, and the cost remains high.

The goal of the ALTO working group of IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force) is to design and define an application-layer traffic optimization service to provide network-related information support for applications to achieve better initial peer node selection. The ALTO service can obtain the network information of operators and content service providers, and optimize route selection by considering factors such as maximum bandwidth, minimum cross-domain traffic, and minimum user overhead. The main thing is to optimize the selection of peers. The server supports the combination of various resources and strategies to generate optimization results, and then uses them for the client. Try to make the selected peers conform to the underlying network topology and operator strategies. In the specific implementation, the hosts in the network are grouped according to the topology and the strategy, and then the cost between each group is defined according to the topology and the strategy, and the one with the lower cost is identified as the preferred object.

The applications considered by the ALTO working group include BT, P2P, CDN (Content Delivery Network, content delivery network), mirror selection, etc. Choose reasonable points on the user side, such as short distances and high network bandwidth, so that you can obtain the desired content faster and more stably, and improve user experience.

At present, what ALTO considers to use is that a certain network of a single ISP (Internet Service Provider) uniformly adopts an ALTO server to guide all terminal requests. Since the ALTO server is outside the PID (Provider-defined Network Location identifier, provider-defined network location identifier) network, it is not easy to obtain accurate network information in each PID network, resulting in the network information that the ALTO server knows is not accurate and complete , thus affecting the accuracy of cost information. In the case of multiple ISPs, it is more difficult to communicate network information and strategies, and the information known to the ALTO server is even more incomplete. In this way, the guidance information provided to the ALTO client is not accurate enough, which affects the accuracy of the selection results. Regarding the existing direct communication technology between ALTO servers, if the ALTO servers are directly deployed inside the PID network, the ALTO servers are required to be interconnected, the configuration is complicated and the hardware cost is high.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method and system for realizing application layer transmission optimization, which can improve network information and cost information of ALTO servers, and provide ALTO services for large networks.

In order to solve the above technical problems, a method for realizing application layer transmission optimization of the present invention includes:

The application layer transport optimization (ALTO) calculator set in the network location identifier (PID) network defined by each supplier collects the network information and related policies of the PID network where it is located, and sends the collected network information and related policies to the affiliated ALTO server;

The ALTO calculator receives the network information and strategy of the PID network under the ALTO server sent by the ALTO server, and calculates the arrival of the PID network where it is located to reach other PID networks under the ALTO server according to the strategy and the route information found. The cost information of the ALTO server is sent to the ALTO server.

Further, the ALTO calculator is a simplified ALTO server. Compared with the ALTO server, the ALTO calculator does not provide services for ALTO clients.

Further, it also includes:

The ALTO calculator receives the ALTO information request sent by the ALTO server, collects and calculates the information, and sends the obtained ALTO information to the ALTO server.

Further, a method for implementing application layer transmission optimization includes:

The application layer transmission optimization (ALTO) server receives the network information and related policies of the PID network where the ALTO calculator in the network location identifier (PID) network defined by different suppliers reports under the ALTO server;

The ALTO server sends the received network information and policies to each ALTO calculator under the ALTO server, and receives the cost information sent by each ALTO calculator.

Further, it also includes:

The ALTO server receives the request message from the client, sends an ALTO information request to the ALTO calculator in the PID network where the client is located, and requests ALTO information.

Further, it also includes:

The ALTO server receives the ALTO request sent by the ALTO client in the PID network where the ALTO calculators under the ALTO server are located, and sends response information to the ALTO client according to the received ALTO request.

Further, a system for implementing application-layer transmission optimization includes: an application-layer transmission optimization (ALTO) server and one or more ALTO calculators, and the ALTO calculators are set in a provider-defined network location identifier (PID) network , connect with the ALTO server, where:

The ALTO calculator is used to collect the network information and related policies of the PID where it is located, and send the collected network information and related policies to the connected ALTO server; and receive the information of the PID network under the ALTO server from the ALTO server Network information and strategy, according to the strategy and the routing information found, calculate the cost information of the PID network where the self is located to reach other PID networks under the ALTO server, and send the cost information to the ALTO server;

The ALTO server is configured to deliver the received network information and policies to each ALTO calculator connected to the ALTO server, and receive cost information sent by each ALTO calculator.

Further, there are multiple ALTO servers, and multiple ALTO servers are connected to each other, and each ALTO server is connected to one or more ALTO calculators.

Further, an application layer transmission optimization calculator includes: a first collection unit, a receiving unit and a cost calculation unit, wherein:

The first collection unit is used to collect network information and related policies of the network location identifier (PID) network defined by the supplier, and send the collected network information and related policies to the ALTO server to which it belongs;

The receiving unit is configured to receive the network information and policies of the PID network under the ALTO server sent by the ALTO server;

The cost calculation unit is used to calculate the cost information for reaching other PID networks under the ALTO server from the PID network where it is located according to the policy and the queried routing information, and send the cost information to the ALTO server.

Further, a second collection unit is also included, wherein:

The receiving unit is also used to receive the ALTO information request sent by the ALTO server;

The second collecting unit is configured to collect and calculate information after the receiving unit receives the ALTO information request, and send the obtained ALTO information to the ALTO server.

Further, an application layer transmission optimization server includes: a receiving unit and a sending unit, wherein:

The receiving unit is used to receive the network information and related policies of the PID network where each ALTO calculator reported by each ALTO calculator reported by each ALTO calculator in a network location identifier (PID) network defined by different suppliers under the ALTO server, and Receive the cost information sent by each ALTO calculator;

The sending unit is configured to send the network information and policies received by the receiving unit to each ALTO calculator under the ALTO server.

Further, the receiving unit is also configured to receive a request message from the client;

The sending unit is further configured to send an ALTO information request to the ALTO calculator in the PID network where the client is located, requesting ALTO information.

In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) Define the ALTO calculator, and provide the ALTO server with network information, related policies and cost information, etc. through the communication between the ALTO server and the ALTO calculator. Since the ALTO calculator does not require services to the ALTO client, the processing Low requirements, less cost than ALTO server, and can even be implemented directly on data equipment, such as BRAS/SR;

(2) Each ALTO calculator knows the network information and strategy inside the PID where it is located, and sends it to the ALTO server, so that the ALTO server finally obtains the information of the entire coverage network, which is more accurate than the network information obtained by the ALTO server outside the PID;

(3) The ALTO calculator inside the PID can accurately know the routing information and related policies from this PID to other PIDs, so the cost information calculated according to the routing information and related policies is closer to the actual network topology than the direct calculation method of the ALTO server outside the PID ;

(4) In the case of expansion, further network expansion is carried out through the interconnection of multiple ALTO servers. This deployment method provides a way to deploy ALTO servers as a whole for large networks, even across ISP networks. The network information transmitted between ALTO servers or between ALTO calculators and ALTO servers, under the consideration of confidentiality, can be only the abstract network information of PID and the internal network segment contained in it, and the specific network information of ISP will not be disclosed.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the use scene of ALTO server and ALTO calculator in the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the flowchart of the method that realizes ALTO among the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the extended scene of ALTO server and ALTO calculator in the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the architectural diagram of the ALTO computer among the present invention;

Fig. 5 is an architecture diagram of the ALTO server in the present invention.

detailed description

This embodiment defines a simplified ALTO server called ALTO calculator, and defines the communication between the ALTO server and the ALTO calculator, and solves the existing problems through the cooperative deployment of the ALTO server and the ALTO calculator. By establishing the interconnection between the ALTO server and the ALTO calculator to communicate network information and cost information, improve the database information of the ALTO server, and provide more accurate sorting for the terminal selection list. According to the extended scenarios derived from this distribution, the universality is increased.

ALTO Calculator: is a simplified ALTO server. What is simplified is the function of the ALTO server to provide services to the ALTO client, that is, the ALTO calculator does not provide the function of serving the ALTO client.

At the same time, it supports the communication function between the ALTO calculator and the ALTO server defined in this embodiment. Other functions are the same as ALTO server, especially the calculation function of ALTO server.

An ALTO calculator is set inside each PID network to collect network information and calculate cost information. ALTO calculators do not provide services to ALTO clients. The ALTO server is set up on a higher network level. The ALTO server establishes a connection with each ALTO calculator and provides services to all ALTO clients within the PID network under its jurisdiction. The ALTO calculator is responsible for collecting the network information and related policies of the PID network where it is located, and then informs the ALTO server of the network information and related policies, and the ALTO server then distributes the network information and policies to all connected ALTO calculators. The ALTO calculator calculates the cost information from the PID network it belongs to to other PID networks by combining policy and routing information, and transmits the cost information to the ALTO server. Various policies can also be configured on the ALTO server to provide services to ALTO clients in combination with network information and cost information.

In the extended deployment, the deployment method mentioned above can be extended, that is, multiple ALTO servers are interconnected, and the information communicated with each other includes network information, cost information, and policies.

The implementation of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a scene of the usage method of ALTO server and ALTO calculator in this embodiment.

As shown in Figure 1, there are three PIDs, namely PID1, PID2 and PID3. Represents 3 different network regions. Each PID network has an ALTO calculator responsible for the PID network, which are ALTO calculator 1, ALTO calculator 2 and ALTO calculator 3 in the figure, and there is an ALTO calculator on top of the ALTO calculator to provide ALTO server for ALTO services. Each ALTO calculator and ALTO server establish a connection in pairs. This connection can be a TCP connection (not limited to a TCP connection) relationship, and the network information and cost information are exchanged between the ALTO server and the ALTO calculator. Figure 3 only describes the situation of 3 PID networks, and by analogy, in the case of multiple PID networks, the ALTO calculator and ALTO server in each PID network are connected to each other, and the number of PID networks is not limited.

In the display network deployment, the ALTO calculator can be undertaken by the BRAS/SR equipment.

Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the method for realizing ALTO in this embodiment, because the communication process between ALTO calculator and ALTO server is consistent, only two ALTO calculators and one ALTO server are used to illustrate the workflow, including:

Step 201: ALTO calculator 1 collects the network information of the PID1 network where it is located and local related policies and sends it to the ALTO server, and the sent content also includes the PID information stipulated in the ALTO protocol;

Optionally, the relevant policies sent are local-specific policies, such as operator preferences.

Step 201': ALTO calculator 2 collects the network information and local related policies of the PID2 network where it is located and sends it to the ALTO server, and the sent content also includes the PID information stipulated in the ALTO protocol;

Optionally, the relevant policies sent are local-specific policies, such as operator preferences.

Step 202: After receiving the network information of each ALTO calculator, the ALTO server sends the network information and policies of all PID networks to the ALTO calculator 1 connected to it;

The network information of the PID network sent here includes the network information of the PID2 network and the internal strategy of the PID2 network that the ALTO calculator 1 does not know. In addition, policies can also include overall control policies configured directly on the ALTO server.

Step 202': After receiving the network information of each calculator, the ALTO server sends the network information and policies of all PID networks to the ALTO calculator 2 that establishes a connection with it;

The network information of the PID network sent here includes the network information of the PID1 network and the internal strategy of the PID1 network that the ALTO calculator 2 does not know. In addition, policies can also include overall control policies configured directly on the ALTO server.

Step 203: After receiving the network information and strategy of the PID2 network, the ALTO calculator 1 calculates the cost information from the PID1 network to the PID2 network by querying the relevant routing information of the PID2 network and combining the strategy;

Step 203': After receiving the network information and strategy of the PID1 network, the ALTO calculator 2 calculates the cost information from the PID2 network to the PID1 network by querying the relevant routing information of the PID1 network and combining the strategy;

Step 204: ALTO calculator 1 sends the cost information from the PID1 network to the PID2 network to the ALTO server;

Step 204': ALTO calculator 2 sends the cost information from the PID2 network to the PID1 network to the ALTO server;

Step 205: the ALTO client sends an ALTO request to the ALTO server;

Step 206: The ALTO server receives the request message from the client, and sends an ALTO information request to the designated ALTO calculator;

Specifically which ALTO calculator to request is determined by the ALTO server according to which PID network the ALTO client that sends the request belongs to in step 205 . For example, if the ALTO client that sends the ALTO request is within the range of the PID1 network, it sends a request for specifying ALTO information to the ALTO calculator 1 .

The ALTO server only executes this step when it finds that there is no relevant server information.

Step 207: After receiving the ALTO information request from the ALTO server, the ALTO calculator 1 collects relevant information for calculation;

In this step, only the ALTO calculator that received the ALTO information request is processed.

Step 207': After receiving the ALTO information request from the ALTO server, the ALTO calculator 2 collects relevant information for calculation;

In this step, only the ALTO calculator that received the ALTO information request is processed.

Step 208: ALTO calculator sends ALTO information to ALTO server;

Wherein by which calculator answers, is to see which ALTO calculator assumes the calculation in the above-mentioned 207 or 207' step and decides, that is, which calculator has received the ALTO information request of the ALTO server, and which calculates and answers.

Step 209: the ALTO server sends response information to the client according to the received ALTO request.

Supplementary note, steps 201 and 201' go all the way to 204 and 204', steps 207 and 207' have no context, and each pair of steps has no context requirements. Steps 206 to 208 are optional steps, and these steps may not be provided, and the corresponding ALTO calculator is not required to support such a request. In the case that the ALTO calculator does not support the specified ALTO request, after step 205, the ALTO server receives the ALTO request, if there is no information required for the request, the ALTO server can directly perform step 209 to respond according to the ALTO protocol requirements. Even if the ALTO calculator supports requests for specific ALTO information, the ALTO server can decide for itself whether to continue making requests to the ALTO calculator without the client requesting the information.

FIG. 3 is an extended scenario of this embodiment, including 6 PIDs, namely PID1 to PID6, representing 6 different network areas. Each PID network has an ALTO calculator responsible for the PID network, namely ALTO calculator 1 to ALTO calculator 6. There are two ALTO servers, of which ALTO server 1 is responsible for the network range of PID1, PID2 and PID3, which is the responsible range The ALTO clients within the network provide services; and the ALTO server 2 is responsible for the network ranges of PID3, PID4 and PID5, and provides services for the ALTO clients within the responsible range.

ALTO server 1 and ALTO server 2 respectively establish connections with the ALTO calculators in the PID network within the scope of their jurisdiction. At the same time, these two ALTO servers also establish connections. This connection can be a TCP connection (not limited to TCP connections ) relationship, the network information and cost information are exchanged between the server and the calculator, and between the server and the server. FIG. 3 only describes the situation that each ALTO server is responsible for three PID networks, and by analogy, each ALTO server may be responsible for multiple PID ranges.

In addition, FIG. 3 only describes the case of two ALTO servers, and it can be deduced by analogy, and it can also be satisfied in the case of multiple ALTO servers. That is, the ALTO calculators and ALTO servers in each PID network are connected to each other, and the number of PID networks is not limited. Each ALTO server is connected to each other, and the number of ALTO servers is not limited.

In the scenario shown in Figure 3, the workflow between the ALTO server and the ALTO calculator is described in Figure 2. The ALTO servers are used to exchange network information, cost information, and policies.

As a supplementary note, in the usage method in Figure 1, it can also be expanded into multiple equivalent ALTO servers, which are respectively connected to ALTO calculators, so that redundant deployment can ensure service stability.

However, the simplified ALTO server mentioned in this embodiment, that is, the ALTO calculator, does not have the function of serving the ALTO client, and does not provide ALTO calculator information during the discovery process of the ALTO server, but only provides information for the ALTO client. The ALTO server information of the service can be realized. Optionally supports the specified ALTO information request sent by the ALTO server.

In this embodiment, the transfer of network information and cost information between the ALTO server and the ALTO calculator, and between the ALTO server and the ALTO server can be actively sent or sent according to the message format of the network information and cost information specified in the ALTO protocol, You can also customize the messages for these information exchanges.

This embodiment describes a simplified ALTO server, that is, an ALTO calculator, a method for cooperating between an ALTO server and an ALTO calculator, and an application scenario and a work flow of the method. The main feature is that the ALTO calculator is set inside the PID network, which can more accurately obtain the network information and policies of the PID network, including the accurate routing information to other PID networks and the special network topology in this PID network. The cost information of is more consistent with the actual network. Since the ALTO calculator does not need to provide services to the ALTO client, it is more economical than the ALTO server. In this embodiment, the method of cooperating with the ALTO calculator and the ALTO server can serve a larger network, and even deploy applications across ALTO servers in the ISP network.

As shown in Figure 4, this embodiment also provides an ALTO calculator, including: a first collection unit, a receiving unit, and a cost calculation unit, wherein:

The first collection unit is used to collect the network information and related policies of the network location identifier (PID) network defined by the supplier, and send the collected network information and related policies to the ALTO server to which it belongs;

The receiving unit is used for receiving the network information and the strategy of the PID network under the ALTO server sent by the ALTO server;

The cost calculation unit is used to calculate the cost information for reaching other PID networks under the ALTO server from the PID network where it is located according to the policy and the queried routing information, and send the cost information to the ALTO server.

The ALTO calculator also includes a second collection unit, where:

The receiving unit is also used for receiving the ALTO information request sent by the ALTO server;

The second collection unit is configured to collect and calculate information after the receiving unit receives the ALTO information request, and send the obtained ALTO information to the ALTO server.

As shown in Figure 5, this embodiment also provides an ALTO server, including: a receiving unit and a sending unit, wherein:

The receiving unit is used to receive the network information and related policies of the PID network where each ALTO calculator is located reported by each ALTO calculator in the network location identifier (PID) network defined by different suppliers under the ALTO server, and receive each The cost information sent by the ALTO calculator;

The sending unit is configured to send the network information and policies received by the receiving unit to each ALTO calculator under the ALTO server.

The receiving unit is also used to receive the request message from the client;

The sending unit is further configured to send an ALTO information request to the ALTO calculator in the PID network where the client is located, to request ALTO information.

Those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the steps in the above method can be completed by instructing relevant hardware through a program, and the program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as a read-only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and the like. Optionally, all or part of the steps in the above embodiments can also be implemented using one or more integrated circuits. Correspondingly, each device/module/unit in the above embodiments can be implemented in the form of hardware or software functions implemented in the form of modules. The present invention is not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and changes. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (12)

1. a kind of method for realizing application layer transmission optimization, it is characterised in that including：

The application layer transmission optimization ALTO calculators being arranged in the network location identifier PID networks that each supplier defines are collected The network information and corresponding strategies of place PID networks, the network information being collected into and corresponding strategies are sent to affiliated ALTO Server；

The ALTO calculators receive the PID networks under ALTO server that the ALTO server is sent the network information and Strategy, according to the strategy and the routing iinformation inquired, PID networks are reached under ALTO server where itself is calculated respectively The cost information of other PID networks, ALTO server is sent to by the cost information.

2. the method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the ALTO calculators are simplified ALTO server, relatively In ALTO server, ALTO calculators do not provide the service to ALTO clients.

3. the method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that also include：

The ALTO calculators receive the ALTO information requests that ALTO server is sent, and carry out information and calculating, will obtain ALTO information be sent to ALTO server.

4. a kind of method for realizing application layer transmission optimization, it is characterised in that including：

Application layer transmission optimization ALTO server receives the network position that different suppliers define that is arranged under the ALTO server Put the network information and corresponding strategies of the PID networks at the place that the ALTO calculators in mark PID networks are reported；

The ALTO server issues the network information received and strategy to each ALTO calculators under the ALTO server, and Receive the cost information that each ALTO calculators are sent.

5. method as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that also include：

The ALTO server receives the request message of client, and the ALTO into the PID networks where the client is calculated Device sends ALTO information requests, asks ALTO information.

6. method as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that also include：

ALTO clients hair in PID networks where the ALTO server receives each ALTO calculators under the ALTO server The ALTO requests sent, ask to send response message to the ALTO clients according to the ALTO received.

7. a kind of system for realizing application layer transmission optimization, it is characterised in that including：Application layer transmission optimization ALTO server with And one or more ALTO calculators, the ALTO calculators are arranged in the network location identifier PID networks that supplier defines, It is connected with the ALTO server, wherein：

The ALTO calculators, the PID network information and corresponding strategies where for collecting, by the network information being collected into and phase Close strategy and be sent to the ALTO server being connected；And receive the PID networks under ALTO server from the ALTO server The network information and strategy, according to the strategy and the routing iinformation that inquires, PID networks where calculating itself reach ALTO clothes The cost information for other PID networks being engaged under device, ALTO server is sent to by the cost information；

The ALTO server, for by the network information received and policy distribution give that the ALTO server is connected it is each ALTO calculators, and receive the cost information that each ALTO calculators are sent.

8. system as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that the ALTO server is multiple, multiple ALTO server phases Connect, each ALTO server connects one or more ALTO calculators respectively.

9. a kind of application layer transmission optimization ALTO calculators, it is characterised in that including：First collector unit, receiving unit and generation Valency computing unit, wherein：

First collector unit, the network information of network location identifier PID networks that supplier where for collecting defines and Corresponding strategies, the network information being collected into and corresponding strategies are sent to affiliated ALTO server；

The receiving unit, the network letter for receiving the PID networks under ALTO server that the ALTO server is sent Breath and strategy；

The cost calculating unit, for according to the strategy and the routing iinformation inquired, PID nets where itself to be calculated respectively Network reaches the cost information of other PID networks under ALTO server, and the cost information is sent into ALTO server.

10. ALTO calculators as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that also including the second collector unit, wherein：

The receiving unit, is additionally operable to receive the ALTO information requests that ALTO server is sent；

Second collector unit, for after the receiving unit receives ALTO information requests, carrying out information and meter Calculate, obtained ALTO information is sent to ALTO server.

11. a kind of application layer transmission optimization ALTO server, it is characterised in that including：Receiving unit and transmitting element, wherein：

The receiving unit, for receiving the network location identifier PID that different suppliers define that is arranged under ALTO server The network information and corresponding strategies of PID networks where each ALTO calculators that each ALTO calculators in network are reported, and connect Receive the cost information that each ALTO calculators are sent；

The transmitting element, for issuing the net that the receiving unit is received to each ALTO calculators under the ALTO server Network information and strategy.

12. ALTO server as claimed in claim 11, it is characterised in that：

The receiving unit, is additionally operable to receive the request message of client；

The transmitting element, the ALTO calculators transmission ALTO information being additionally operable into the PID networks where the client please Ask, ask ALTO information.