Self adaption is pressed the magnetic MR damper
Technical field
The invention belongs to MR damper, be specifically related to a kind of self adaption and press the magnetic MR damper.
Background technique
Vibration is a kind of common physical phenomenon, and along with the continuous progress of science and technology, the vibration problem that occurs in fields such as building structure, traffic, machineries causes people's growing interest.In order effectively to overcome and to avoid various disadvantageous vibrations, Chinese scholars successively to propose vibration control systems such as passive type, active and semi-active type.Half ACTIVE CONTROL is the control technique of the highest, the tool application prospect of present field of vibration control cost performance; It is with the thought and the perfect adaptation of Passive Control strategy of ACTIVE CONTROL; When implementing control, practiced thrift the control energy; And reach the effect near ACTIVE CONTROL simultaneously, and control procedure is reliable and stable.
New vitality has been injected in the development that is applied as half active control technology that with the magnetic flow liquid is the novel intelligent material of representative in recent years.Magnetic flow liquid mainly is made up of non-magnetic liquid and the small magnetic-particle that is dispersed in wherein high magnetic permeability, low magnetic hysteresis property, in order to guarantee its suspension stability, also comprises an amount of admixture usually.Under the action of a magnetic field, it can (about 10 milliseconds) become semisolid by the good newton's viscous fluids of mobile performance in moment, and this variation is continuous, controlled, reversible.1948, U.S. engineer Rabinow at first found this magnetic rheology effect, and had designed magnetic rheological clutch in view of the above.MR damper possess exerts oneself big, response rapidly, many advantages such as damping force is adjustable continuously, and structural type is simple, and accommodation is extensive, development is acknowledged as one of semi-automatic control device of tool development prospect so far.
Have now and need pass through sensor acquisition speed or displacement signal based on half ACTIVE CONTROL of MR damper; Confirm optimal control power according to the ACTIVE CONTROL algorithm computation; Structural parameter according to MR damper; The inverse electric current is also applied by the control power supply, makes the exerting oneself as far as possible near optimal control power initiatively of damper.Have following problem: in the operation cycle, power supply and sensor need casual inspection to change (1), have increased unnecessary man power and material and have consumed, and therefore the bulk life time of device also shortens; (2) in control; Need be according to the size and Orientation of sensor acquisition speed, displacement; By the size of arithmetic mean unit control algorithm judgement optimal control power and then controlled electric current,, increased the unreliability of device because of its complex structure finally by control power supply output control.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is existing based on the MR damper of sensor with the control power supply in order to solve, and the problem of the unreliability that increases because of its complex structure proposes a kind of self adaption and presses the magnetic MR damper.Self adaption presses the magnetic MR damper not need sensor and parts such as controlling power supply to get final product work, and structure is simple relatively, has higher reliability
The technological scheme that the present invention adopts is:
Master cylinder inwall stage casing is provided with annular permanent magnet, and the annular permanent magnet both sides are provided with magnetic guiding loop respectively; In the master cylinder, the right ends of giant magnetostrictive rod is respectively left magnetic inductive block and right magnetic inductive block, and the three forms piston jointly; One end of main cylinder piston-rod passes the master cylinder left end and left magnetic inductive block is affixed, and secondary cylinder piston rod one end passes the master cylinder right-hand member and right magnetic inductive block is affixed, and the other end stretches in the secondary cylinder; The end that secondary cylinder piston rod is positioned at secondary cylinder is connected through the right wall of spring and secondary cylinder; Be full of magnetic flow liquid in the master cylinder, leave the mobile passage of magnetic flow liquid between piston periphery wall and magnetic guiding loop and the annular permanent magnet inner circle wall; All be provided with at a distance from magnetic device on the two sides, the left and right sides of left magnetic inductive block and right magnetic inductive block.
The external diameter of said annular permanent magnet and the external diameter of magnetic guiding loop equate, are equal to the internal diameter of master cylinder; The internal diameter of annular permanent magnet and the internal diameter of magnetic guiding loop equate.
Said left magnetic inductive block is provided with the magnetic shield tube respectively with the one side that right magnetic inductive block is connected with giant magnetostrictive rod, and left magnetic inductive block is provided with magnetism resistent ring respectively with the one side that right magnetic inductive block is connected with main cylinder piston-rod, secondary cylinder piston rod respectively; And the radially annulus external diameter of magnetic shield tube, magnetism resistent ring equates that with the external diameter of magnetic inductive block the axial internal diameter of magnetic shield tube equates that with the external diameter of giant magnetostrictive rod the internal diameter of magnetism resistent ring equates with the external diameter of main cylinder piston-rod external diameter and secondary cylinder piston rod.
Between said main cylinder piston-rod and the master cylinder, be connected through bearing respectively between secondary cylinder piston rod and the master cylinder, and respectively seal arrangement is set.
Said magnetic guiding loop, left magnetic inductive block and right magnetic inductive block all adopt electrical pure iron DT4 or No. 45 carbon steel, and master cylinder, secondary cylinder, magnetism resistent ring, magnetic shield tube, main cylinder piston-rod and secondary cylinder piston rod all adopt 304 series stainless steels.
Said giant magnetostrictive rod has magnetoelastic effect, and the pressure that giant magnetostrictive rod receives is big more, and its axial relative permeability is more little; The pressure that receives is more little, and its axial relative permeability is big more.
Self adaption of the present invention presses the implementation procedure of magnetic MR damper following: when main cylinder piston-rod promotion piston moves in master cylinder; The spring that the secondary cylinder piston rod that links to each other with piston drives in the secondary cylinder is done to stretch or compression movement; The pressure that spring produces affacts on the giant magnetostrictive rod through secondary cylinder piston rod and right magnetic inductive block; Because the magnetoelastic effect of giant magnetostrictive rod, the axial relative permeability of giant magnetostrictive rod can change.Piston is the closer to secondary cylinder, and the pressure that the spring in the secondary cylinder produces is big more, and the pressure that giant magnetostrictive rod receives is also big more; Corresponding axis is low more to permeability; Magnetic induction intensity is more little, and the magnetic flux in the corresponding magnetic loop is more little, and the magnetic induction intensity of magnetic flow liquid is also more little in the mobile passage of magnetic flow liquid; The corresponding reduction of the shearing stress of magnetic flow liquid, damping force suffered when piston is moved in master cylinder is also more little; Otherwise piston is more away from secondary cylinder, and the pressure that the spring in the secondary cylinder produces diminishes; The pressure that giant magnetostrictive rod receives is more little, and corresponding axis is big more to permeability, and magnetic induction intensity is high more; Magnetic flux in the corresponding magnetic loop is big more; The magnetic induction intensity of magnetic flow liquid is also big more in the mobile passage of magnetic flow liquid, the corresponding increase of the shearing stress of magnetic flow liquid, and damping force suffered when piston is moved in master cylinder is also big more.That is to say that damping force suffered when piston moves in master cylinder is relevant with position and the speed of related movement of piston in master cylinder, piston is during near secondary cylinder, and damper is exerted oneself less; Piston rod is during away from secondary cylinder; Damper is exerted oneself and is become big; That is: this damper is according to the size in the suffered pressure adjustment magnetic field of giant magnetostrictive rod; According to the relative position of piston and cylinder barrel and the size of its output damping force of movement velocity adjustment, make the damping force of MR damper output and the relative position of piston and cylinder barrel that certain adaptivity arranged.
Compare with existing MR damper based on sensor and control power supply, the present invention has the following advantages:
1. utilize permanent magnet that the stationary magnetic field is provided, do not need additional configuration control power supply, simple in structure, avoided the problem of power supply coil heat production; In case and power supply damages under the geological process, self adaption of the present invention presses the magnetic MR damper still can proper functioning, the Security that has improved equipment.
2. utilize the magnetoelastic effect of giant magnetostrictive rod to change the magnetic induction intensity in the magnetic loop; It is relevant with the relative position and the movement velocity of damper piston and cylinder barrel to exert oneself; Self adaption is regulated damper and is exerted oneself; Can save the various relative position sensors or the acceleration transducer that are used to detect speed of related movement between controlled device main body and the carrier; Avoid existing half ACTIVE CONTROL system from links such as data capture, transmission, calculating and control command outputs, reduce time-lag effect, improve the validity of control system.Use manpower and material resources sparingly simultaneously, reduce the cost cost of half ACTIVE CONTROL system aspect equipment and I&M.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a closed work magnetic loop schematic representation of the present invention.
Label among the figure:
The 1-master cylinder; The secondary cylinder of 2-; The 3-permanent magnet; The 4-magnetic guiding loop; 51-left side magnetic inductive block; The right magnetic inductive block of 52-; The 6-giant magnetostrictive rod; 7-magnetic shield tube; The 8-magnetism resistent ring; The 9-main cylinder piston-rod; The secondary cylinder piston rod of 10-; The 11-spring; The 12-magnetic flow liquid; The 13-magnetic flow liquid passage that flows; 14,16-seal arrangement; 15,17-bearing; The 18-piston.
Embodiment
The invention provides a kind of self adaption and press the magnetic MR damper, the present invention is described further below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing.
Structure of the present invention is as shown in Figure 1, and master cylinder 1 inwall stage casing is provided with annular permanent magnet 3, and annular permanent magnet 3 both sides are provided with magnetic guiding loop 4 respectively.Left side magnetic inductive block 51, right magnetic inductive block 52 and giant magnetostrictive rod 6 are formed piston 18, leave the mobile passage 13 of magnetic flow liquid between piston 18 periphery walls and magnetic guiding loop 4 inner circle walls.Piston rod comprises main cylinder piston-rod 9 and secondary cylinder piston rod 10; Left magnetic inductive block 51 in one end of main cylinder piston-rod 9 and the master cylinder 1 is fixing; The other end of main cylinder piston-rod 9 stretches out from master cylinder 1 one ends with bearing 15 through the seal arrangement 14 of master cylinder 1 section; One end of secondary cylinder piston rod 10 is fixing with right magnetic inductive block 52, and the seal arrangement 16 of the other end of secondary cylinder piston rod 10 through master cylinder 1 section stretches out with secondary cylinder 2 interior springs from master cylinder 1 one ends with bearing 17 and link to each other.Annular permanent magnet 3 axially is being divided into two magnetic poles.The external diameter of the external diameter of annular permanent magnet 3 and magnetic guiding loop 4 equates, all equals the internal diameter of master cylinder 1; The internal diameter of the internal diameter of annular permanent magnet 3 and magnetic guiding loop 4 equates, greater than the external diameter of left magnetic inductive block 51 and right magnetic inductive block 52 to reserve the magnetic flow liquid passage 13 that flows.Spring 11 1 ends in the secondary cylinder 2 and secondary cylinder piston rod 10 are fixing, and the cylinder barrel of an end and secondary cylinder 2 is fixed.Left side magnetic inductive block 51 is provided with magnetic shield tube 7 respectively with the one side that right magnetic inductive block 52 is connected with giant magnetostrictive rod 6, and left magnetic inductive block 51 is provided with magnetism resistent ring 8 respectively with the one side that right magnetic inductive block 52 is connected with main cylinder piston-rod 9, secondary cylinder piston rod 10 respectively; The radially annulus external diameter of magnetic shield tube 7, magnetism resistent ring 8 equates that with the external diameter of magnetic inductive block the axial internal diameter of magnetic shield tube 7 equates that with the external diameter of giant magnetostrictive rod 6 internal diameter of magnetism resistent ring 8 equates with the external diameter of main cylinder piston-rod 9 external diameters and secondary cylinder piston rod 10.
Magnetic guiding loop 4, left magnetic inductive block 51 and right magnetic inductive block 52 adopt electrical pure iron DT4 or No. 45 carbon steel, and master cylinder 1, secondary cylinder 2, magnetic shield tube 7, magnetism resistent ring 8, main cylinder piston-rod 9 and secondary cylinder piston rod 10 all adopt 304 series stainless steels.Giant magnetostrictive rod 6 is a super magnetostriction material.
Self adaption shown in the present presses the implementation procedure of magnetic MR damper following: when main cylinder piston-rod 9 promotion pistons 18 move in master cylinder 1; The spring 11 that the secondary cylinder piston rod 10 that links to each other with piston 18 drives in the secondary cylinder 2 is done to stretch or compression movement; The pressure that spring 11 produces affacts on the giant magnetostrictive rod 6 through secondary cylinder piston rod 10 with near the right magnetic inductive block 52 of secondary cylinder 2; Because the magnetoelastic effect of giant magnetostrictive rod 6, the axial relative permeability of giant magnetostrictive rod 6 can change.Piston 18 is the closer to secondary cylinder 2, and the pressure that the spring 11 in the secondary cylinder 2 produces is big more, and the pressure that giant magnetostrictive rod 6 receives is also big more; Corresponding permeability is low more; Magnetic induction intensity is more little, and the magnetic flux in the closure work magnetic loop as shown in Figure 2 is more little, and magnetic induction intensity is also more little in the mobile passage 13 of magnetic flow liquid; The corresponding reduction of the shearing stress of magnetic flow liquid 12, damping force suffered when piston 18 is moved in master cylinder 1 is also more little; Otherwise piston 18 is more away from secondary cylinder 2, and the pressure that the spring 11 in the secondary cylinder 2 produces diminishes; The pressure that giant magnetostrictive rod 6 receives is more little, and corresponding axis is big more to permeability, and magnetic induction intensity is high more; Magnetic flux in the magnetic loop as shown in Figure 2 is big more; The magnetic induction intensity of magnetic flow liquid 12 is also big more in the mobile passage 13 of magnetic flow liquid, the corresponding increase of the shearing stress of magnetic flow liquid 12, and damping force suffered when piston 18 is moved in master cylinder 1 is also big more.That is to say; Damping force suffered when piston 18 moves in master cylinder 1 is relevant with both speed of related movements with the position of piston 18 in master cylinder 1; Piston 18 is during near secondary cylinder 2; Magnetic induction intensity in magnetic flow liquid 12 flow channels 13 is less, and the magnetic flow liquid in the mobile passage 13 of magnetic flow liquid is in the viscous fluids state, and damper is exerted oneself less; Piston 18 is during away from secondary cylinder 2; Magnetic induction intensity in the mobile passage 13 of magnetic flow liquid becomes big; Magnetic flow liquid in the mobile passage 13 of magnetic flow liquid is changed to semi-solid state by the viscous fluids state gradually; Damper is exerted oneself and is become big; That is: this damper according to the relative position of piston 18 and master cylinder 1 and the size of its output damping force of speed of related movement adjustment, makes the damping force of output and the relative position of piston 18 and master cylinder 1 that certain adaptivity arranged according to the size in the suffered pressure adjustment magnetic field of giant magnetostrictive rod 6.