CN102817604B - CO2 refracturing process technology for low-permeability gas well - Google Patents
CO2 refracturing process technology for low-permeability gas well Download PDFInfo
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- CN102817604B CN102817604B CN201210309582.2A CN201210309582A CN102817604B CN 102817604 B CN102817604 B CN 102817604B CN 201210309582 A CN201210309582 A CN 201210309582A CN 102817604 B CN102817604 B CN 102817604B
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
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- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
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- 241000237858 Gastropoda Species 0.000 claims description 4
- FJJCIZWZNKZHII-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4,6-bis(cyanoamino)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]cyanamide Chemical compound N#CNC1=NC(NC#N)=NC(NC#N)=N1 FJJCIZWZNKZHII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil exploitation, and relates to a refracturing modification process for a low-permeability and low-yield gas well, in particular to a CO2 refracturing process technology for a low-permeability gas well. The CO2 refracturing process technology is used for performing secondary fracturing construction for an implemented well, comprises analysis and optimization before fracturing and fracturing construction, and is characterized in that the analysis and optimization before fracturing comprises fracturing failure analysis, fracturing material optimization and construction parameter optimization, and the specific process technology is implemented according to steps of fracturing failure analysis, fracturing material optimization, construction parameter optimization and refracturing construction. According to the CO2 refracturing process technology for the low-permeability gas well, a CO2 foam fracturing technology and low-damage cleaning fracturing liquid are used for performing a modification test for a low-yield gas well by analyzing a reservoir, the flowback rate of the fracturing liquid and the yield of the low-yield gas well are increased effectively, and damage to the reservoir is effectively reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of petroleum extraction, is hypotonic gas stringer refracturing reforming technology, particularly Low Permeability Gas Well CO
2repeated fracturing.
Background technology
After low permeability gas reservoir gas well fracturing completion produces a period of time, fracture condudtiviy declines gradually, often needs to re-start pressure break.Abroad just start to carry out refracturing research as far back as nineteen sixty, defined a series of core technology at present, also achieved significant economic benefit.Domesticly from nineteen ninety, carry out refracturing research, a large amount of refracturing operations has all been carried out in the oil field such as grand celebration, triumph, long celebrating, huge port, Jilin, and done certain exploration from theory and practice, but mainly for oil well, imperfection is gone back for the tackling key problem of being correlated with of hypotonic gas well repeated fracturing, invalid refracturing still more existence, causes the poor effect of refracturing.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of Low Permeability Gas Well CO
2repeated fracturing, by CO
2foam Fracturing Technique and Low Damage clean fracturing fluid technology are successfully introduced in the refracturing transformation of gas stringer, not only increase the of the fracturing fluid row of returning and lead and the production capacity of gas stringer, simultaneously for the repetition storey increase design measure of hypotonic gas well provides a kind of new thinking.
Technical scheme of the present invention is Low Permeability Gas Well CO
2repeated fracturing, it carries out the pressing crack construction of secondary to brought in well, it comprises analysis optimization and pressing crack construction two parts before pressure break, it is characterized in that: before pressure break analysis optimization comprise pressure break failure analysis, fracturing material preferably with construction parameter optimization, its concrete technology technology is implemented in accordance with the following steps:
Step 1, pressure break failure analysis; Pressure break failure analysis is carried out to the well asking for construction, determines whether the possibility possessing refracturing, if analysis result meets the requirements, then proceed;
Step 2, fracturing material preferred, namely fracturing fluid and proppant is preferred; Fracturing fluid is foams mix fracturing fluid, namely adopts clean fracturing fluid as liquid CO
2of the fracturing fluid base fluid, liquid CO
2of the fracturing fluid mass ratio is 60% to 85%; Proppant is 10/20 order or 20/40 object combined support haydite;
Step 3, the optimization of construction parameter; First determine fracturing fracture length, fracturing fracture length is by pressure break scale, reservoir quantity and add these controllable factors of sand amount and control, and optimum fracturing fracture length is 100 meters to 150 meters; Then operational discharge capacity and the sand liquor ratio of optimization is determined according to fracturing fracture length, the upper limit of operational discharge capacity is determined by fracturing fracture length, the lower limit of operational discharge capacity is determined by the maximum liquid absorption on stratum, sand liquor ratio and fracturing fluid consumption are determined by fracture extension simulation, add sand program simultaneously and adopt the mode increased gradually;
Step 4, refracturing is constructed; Adopt CO
2infusion car is by liquid CO
2to mix with clean fracturing fluid through ground threeway and inject into well, utilize foams mix fracturing fluid to carry out sand fracturing construction.
Described clean fracturing fluid is APV clean fracturing fluid.
The selection gist industry standard SY/T 6302-1997 " fracturing propping agents filling bed short-term flow conductivity evaluates recommend method " of described proppant, 10/20 order or 20/40 object combined support haydite, its ratio is 1:1 or 2:1.
Described sand liquor ratio is 30% to 35%.
Described step 4 refracturing construction is divided into pad stage, load fluid stage and replacement stage; Pad stage adopts same particle size Proppant Slugs 1m
3polishing crack wall, the load fluid stage adopts constant inner facies association technology, and Displacement Technology falls in the employing of replacement stage.
In described step 4 refracturing construction, liquid CO
2by the CO of some parallel connections
2tank car is in parallel, then successively with CO
2manifold truck, CO
2pump truck, cock and ball-and-seat series connection, finally import well head; Clean fracturing fluid imports fracturing blender truck by the melon glue tank car of some parallel connections, simultaneously clear water tank car, sand tank car and crosslinking agent tank also with fracturing blender truck conducting, the mixed liquor of fracturing blender truck inside imports well head through the pressure break pump truck of some parallel connections; Well head also with the balance car conducting with water pot.
Feature of the present invention is by Reservoir Analysis, utilizes CO
2foam Fracturing Technique and Low Damage clean fracturing fluid carry out reforming test to gas stringer, effectively raise the of the fracturing fluid row of returning and lead and the production capacity of gas stringer, effectively reduce the injury to reservoir simultaneously.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated:
Fig. 1 is different proppant short-term flow conductivity experimental result pictures;
Fig. 2 is the Optimized Simulated figure of pressure break supporting crack length;
Fig. 3 is refracturing crack sectional drawing;
Fig. 4 is the Optimized Simulated figure that fracturing fracture adds sand intensity and average sand liquor ratio;
Fig. 5 is Low Permeability Gas Well CO
2the construction process figure of repeated fracturing;
Fig. 6 is refracturing construction curve figure.
Detailed description of the invention
To transform example as to the refracturing on 2 sections, XXX well mountain.
Low Permeability Gas Well CO
2repeated fracturing, it carries out the pressing crack construction of secondary to brought in well, and it comprises analysis optimization and pressing crack construction two parts before pressure break, before pressure break analysis optimization comprise pressure break failure analysis, fracturing material preferably with construction parameter optimization.
Low Permeability Gas Well CO
2repeated fracturing is implemented in accordance with the following steps:
Step 1, carries out pressure break failure analysis to the well asking for construction, determines whether the possibility possessing refracturing, and refracturing can be carried out in analysis result display 2 sections, XXX well mountain.
Step 2, fracturing material preferred, is divided into the preferred of fracturing fluid and proppant.
(1) preferably of the fracturing fluid:
CO
2foam has good rheological property, take grittiness can strong, the row of returning soon, formation injures little feature, is suitable for the fracturing reform of low pressure, hypotonic, sensitive reservoir.Conventional CO
2hydraulic fracturing process adopts hydroxypropyl melon glue as base fluid, and because conventional organic boron cross-linked hydroxypropyl base melon glue base fracturing fluid system HPG-C is to low-voltage and low-yield gas reservoir bad adaptability, the row of returning leads low, larger to reservoir damage.
Here adopt the APV clean fracturing fluid without residue to replace hydroxypropyl melon glue, namely adopt clean fracturing fluid as liquid CO
2of the fracturing fluid base fluid, liquid CO
2of the fracturing fluid mass ratio is 60% to 85%.Because the leak-off of foam mixing liquid is little, width generation capacity is strong, fracture penetration is large, add the length in crack, increase transformation radius, improve the flow conductivity after closing up of cracks; In addition because working fluid amount is few, the secondary pollution of formation reduces, thus reaches the object of energization; Secondly clean fracturing fluid forms primarily of anion surfactant, effectively can reduce capillary resistance, improves the row of returning and leads, and core damage test shows that on average injuring rate is only 24.2%, lower to the injury of reservoir.
(2) proppant is preferred:
The performance of proppant is one of key factor affecting supporting crack flow conductivity.Proppant short-term flow conductivity evaluates Main Basis industry standard SY/T 6302-1997 " fracturing propping agents filling bed short-term flow conductivity evaluates recommend method ".
As shown in Figure 1, the short-term flow conductivity of comparative evaluation's different-grain diameter haydite and composite proppant, proppant particle diameter fracture flow conductivity has a great impact, and proppant particle diameter is larger, and short-term flow conductivity is better.For composite combined proppant, Large stone proportion is higher, and short-term flow conductivity is better.Evaluation result also shows, 10/20 order and 20/40 object combined support haydite, its flow conductivity is apparently higher than the flow conductivity of the single haydites such as 20/30 order, 20/40 order.For 10/20 order and 20/40 object combined support haydite, along with the decline of 10/20 order haydite proportion, flow conductivity declines; In fall, 10/20 order and 20/40 order haydite proportion are that the flow conductivity difference of 1:1 and 2:1 is less, and especially after clossing pressure is greater than 45 MPa, the flow conductivity of the two is close.
Therefore in pressing crack construction optimization design, farther for making proppant transport obtain, expand pressure break effective radius, use low-density, granule proppant, take afterbody to add the proppant of larger particles for improving the flow conductivity of Fractured Gas Wells near wellbore zone simultaneously.
Here adopt 10/20 order combined support haydite, its ratio is 1:1.
Step 3, the optimization of construction parameter; First determine fracturing fracture length, then determine operational discharge capacity and the sand liquor ratio of optimization according to fracturing fracture length.
(1) determine fracture length: fracture length evaluates one of fracturing fracture geometric shape important parameter, and to hypotonic, ultra-permeable reservior, this parameter seems even more important, fracture length is by pressure break scale, reservoir quantity and add these controllable factors of sand amount and control.
As shown in Figure 2, according to the nature parameters to the basic physical properties of reservoir, the evaluating of lithology and fracturing material, analog computation is carried out to the situation changing supporting crack length in different permeability situation.As seen from the figure, when permeability is lower, the cumulative production after pressure is comparatively obvious with the change in length of supporting crack, and when permeability is higher, increase the length of supporting crack further, the change of cumulative production slows down, and increasing degree diminishes, total output increase limited.Namely permeability is higher, and the supporting crack length of optimization is shorter, and permeability is lower, and the supporting crack length of optimization is longer.Therefore according to above-mentioned analog computation result, the supporting crack effective length of optimization is better at 100-150m.
(2) after determining fracture length, optimization to operational discharge capacity and sand liquor ratio: after the research to operational discharge capacity and fracture length relation, determine the upper limit of operational discharge capacity, by the maximum liquid absorption on stratum, determine the lower limit of operational discharge capacity, consider that frictional resistance and ground construction equipment finally determine rational operational discharge capacity parameter simultaneously.
As shown in Figure 3, the proportionate relationship adding sand, to the shape forming final supporting crack band, directly reflects the flow conductivity in sand body situation in pressure break supporting crack and crack.Sand liquor ratio in fracturing process is too low, and must cause adding sand intensity low, the enabling capabilities of supporting crack is low, Influence of production or the change of rock mesopore pressure is subject in long-term production process, the flow conductivity of supporting crack is easily lost, and loses high seepage characteristic, directly affects daily output.Add sand intensity in addition and sand liquor ratio is low, be not easy the sand ladder section formed, when reservoir fluid seepage flow, the flow conductivity size requirements of different fracture length section fracture is not mated, that is, flow conductivity from pit shaft to depths, crack should be more and more less, formed so-called " wedge shape ", just meet the percolation law of man-made fracture reservoir fluid.Therefore, formed such support belt need to adopt increase gradually add sand program, and final sand liquor ratio and fracturing fluid consumption are determined by fracture extension simulation.
As shown in Figure 4, the support strength of proppant in crack in the different sand liquor ratio situation of this analog computation.As seen from the figure, 4.5-5.0kg/m be ensured
2laid concentration, the sand intensity that adds in crack should be 2.0-3.0m
3/ m, corresponding average sand liquor ratio should at about 30-35%.After being calculated by optimization like this, together with just parametric synthesis such as having added sand intensity, average sand liquor ratio, the laid concentration of proppant and the flow conductivity in crack being considered.Therefore, this analog computation result shows, during optimal design, average sand liquor ratio is adjusted to about 30-35%, just likely make pressure break supporting crack have certain proppant and add sand intensity and laid concentration and higher fracture condudtiviy, reach the requirement of optimal design to this key parameter of supporting crack flow conductivity.
Step 4, refracturing is constructed.
As shown in Figure 5, in refracturing construction, liquid CO
2by the CO of some parallel connections
2tank car is in parallel, then successively with CO
2manifold truck, CO
2pump truck, cock and ball-and-seat series connection, finally import well head; Clean fracturing fluid imports fracturing blender truck by the melon glue tank car of some parallel connections, simultaneously clear water tank car, sand tank car and crosslinking agent tank also with fracturing blender truck conducting, the mixed liquor of fracturing blender truck inside imports well head through the pressure break pump truck of some parallel connections; Well head also with the balance car conducting with water pot.
Refracturing construction is divided into pad stage, load fluid stage and replacement stage; Pad stage adopts same particle size Proppant Slugs 1m
3polishing crack wall, the load fluid stage adopts constant inner facies association technology, and Displacement Technology falls in the employing of replacement stage.
As shown in Figure 6, pad stage adopts with particle diameter Proppant Slugs 1m
3polishing crack wall, ensures major fracture crack initiation and extension, completes smoothly and adds sand construction.The prepad fluid phase improves CO
2inject discharge capacity, during adding sand, reduce CO
2inject discharge capacity, the initial stage is with 2.0 m
3the CO of/min
2inject operation pressure higher, in order to ensure carrying out smoothly of construction, this later stage in stage actual CO
2discharge capacity comparatively designs on the low side, is 1.8m
3/min.Constant inner facies association technology of whole load fluid stage, CO
2discharge capacity 1.8-1.6m
3about/min, base fluid discharge capacity 1.2-1.95m
3/ min.When raising sand concentration is to 262kg/m
3, operation pressure is in rising obviously, and instantaneous method of stopping sand is taked at scene, after pressure drop to be onstructed, continues to add sand, dense 240 kg/m of sand
3, this stage construction in later period pressure increase is obvious, and sand construction is stopped at scene again.Operation pressure carries rapidly high sand ratio to 277 kg/m after declining
3, the change of this staged construction pressure is more steady; Continue to carry high sand ratio to 384.0kg/m
3, operation pressure has downward trend, estimates that formation fracture obtains continuing to extend.This well fracture pressure is not obvious, the average operation pressure 41.98MPa of pad stage, load fluid stage average operation pressure 53.59MPa, and whole work progress pressure, discharge capacity are basicly stable, and design adds sand 12m
3, add that sand is actual adds sand 12m
3, moderate scale, operational discharge capacity appropriateness, pressing crack construction is smooth, adds sand and reaches designing requirement.
During refracturing construction, CO
2infusion car is by liquid CO
2to mix with clean fracturing fluid through ground threeway and inject into well, utilize foams mix fracturing fluid to carry out sand fracturing construction.During refracturing, fracturing fluid is along first flow in fracture, and the proppant impact that now during first pressure break, closing up of cracks causes proppant fragmentation, embedding and bottom to precipitate, has changed the CO of high pressure under formation function by restriction or prevention
2gas lower portion is transmitted, and forces hydraulic fracture to width and length direction expansion, make proppant almost all effectively place mat in gas-bearing formation, strive liquid minimum basis in stratum extending fracture length, increasing transformation radius entering, improve fracture condudtiviy.
Claims (2)
1. Low Permeability Gas Well CO
2refracturing technique, it carries out the pressing crack construction of secondary to brought in well, it is analyzed and pressing crack construction two parts before comprising pressure break, it is characterized in that: analyze before pressure break, comprise pressure break failure analysis, fracturing material selects and construction parameter is selected, its concrete technology technology is implemented in accordance with the following steps:
Step 1, pressure break failure analysis; Pressure break failure analysis is carried out to the well asking for construction, determines whether the possibility possessing refracturing, if analysis result meets the requirements, then proceed;
Step 2, the selection of fracturing material, the i.e. selection of fracturing fluid and proppant; Fracturing fluid is foams mix fracturing fluid, namely adopts clean fracturing fluid as liquid CO
2of the fracturing fluid base fluid, liquid CO
2of the fracturing fluid mass ratio is 60% to 85%; Proppant is 10/20 order or 20/40 object combined support haydite;
Step 3, the selection of construction parameter; First determine fracturing fracture length, fracturing fracture length is by pressure break scale, reservoir quantity and add these controllable factors of sand amount and control, and fracturing fracture length is 100 meters to 150 meters; Then according to fracturing fracture length determination operational discharge capacity and sand liquor ratio, the upper limit of operational discharge capacity is determined by fracturing fracture length, the lower limit of operational discharge capacity is determined by the maximum liquid absorption on stratum, sand liquor ratio and fracturing fluid consumption are determined by fracture extension simulation, add sand program simultaneously and adopt the mode increased gradually;
Step 4, refracturing is constructed; Adopt CO
2infusion car is by liquid CO
2to mix with clean fracturing fluid through ground threeway and inject into well, utilize foams mix fracturing fluid to carry out sand fracturing construction;
Described clean fracturing fluid is APV clean fracturing fluid; The selection gist industry standard SY/T 6302-1997 " fracturing propping agents filling bed short-term flow conductivity evaluates recommend method " of described proppant, 10/20 order or 20/40 object combined support haydite, its ratio is 1:1 or 2:1; Described sand liquor ratio is 30% to 35%; Described step 4 refracturing construction is divided into pad stage, load fluid stage and replacement stage; Pad stage adopts same particle size Proppant Slugs 1m
3polishing crack wall, the load fluid stage adopts constant inner facies association technology, and Displacement Technology falls in the employing of replacement stage.
2. according to the Low Permeability Gas Well CO described in claim 1
2refracturing technique, is characterized in that: in described step 4 refracturing construction, liquid CO
2by the CO of some parallel connections
2tank car is in parallel, then successively with CO
2manifold truck, CO
2pump truck, cock and ball-and-seat series connection, finally import well head; Clean fracturing fluid imports fracturing blender truck by the melon glue tank car of some parallel connections, simultaneously clear water tank car, sand tank car and crosslinking agent tank also with fracturing blender truck conducting, the mixed liquor of fracturing blender truck inside imports well head through the pressure break pump truck of some parallel connections; Well head also with the balance car conducting with water pot.
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| CN201210309582.2A CN102817604B (en) | 2012-08-28 | 2012-08-28 | CO2 refracturing process technology for low-permeability gas well |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104712299B (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2017-09-01 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Design method suitable for water control and gas increase fracturing of gas well |
| CN104727798B (en) * | 2015-03-30 | 2017-03-08 | 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司长庆井下技术作业公司 | A kind of low permeability gas reservoir turns to refracturing process |
| CN105275442B (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2017-08-25 | 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司长庆井下技术作业公司 | A kind of old well repeats transformation volume fracturing technique |
| CN106844975B (en) * | 2017-01-26 | 2019-07-19 | 中国石油大学(北京) | A method and device for determining the equivalent sweep radius of CO2 in the early stage of gas injection well |
| CN106833594B (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2020-01-31 | 陕西延长石油(集团)有限责任公司研究院 | A fluid loss reducer and its application in non-viscosified pure liquid CO2 sand fracturing |
| CN106978996B (en) * | 2017-03-21 | 2019-02-19 | 太原理工大学 | Automatic energy storage high pressure liquid injection CO2 phase change pulse coal rock mass fracturing device |
| CN110761763B (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2021-10-08 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Horizontal well repeated fracturing method |
| CN111101934B (en) * | 2018-10-10 | 2022-11-29 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for evaluating damage of fracturing modification on reservoir |
| CN119981821A (en) * | 2025-02-19 | 2025-05-13 | 中国石油大学(北京) | A method, device and equipment for determining CO2 fracturing process of target reservoir |
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