CN102816006B - Special apple microorganism bacterial manure and method for preparing same - Google Patents
Special apple microorganism bacterial manure and method for preparing same Download PDFInfo
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- CN102816006B CN102816006B CN201210330016.XA CN201210330016A CN102816006B CN 102816006 B CN102816006 B CN 102816006B CN 201210330016 A CN201210330016 A CN 201210330016A CN 102816006 B CN102816006 B CN 102816006B
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- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a special apple microorganism bacterial manure and relates to the technical field of microorganism bacterial manures. The microorganism bacterial manure takes 5-20 parts of compound microorganism bacterium agent, 10-20 parts of humic acid, 20-40 parts of turfy soil, 10-20 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer, 5-15 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 10-20 parts of potash fertilizer, 1-10 parts of micro element fertilizer and 1-10 parts of bentonite as raw materials, and is prepared by stirring, mixing, granulating, drying and screening. The special apple microorganism bacterial manure has the advantages of being complete in nutrition, improving apple yield and quality, improving fertility, prolonging fertilizer efficiency and improving soil environment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to microbial-bacterial fertilizer technical field, particularly relate to a kind of apple microbial bacterial manure special.
Background technology
Apple belongs to the Rosaceae, is deciduous tree, has stronger polarity, conventionally grows vigorous, and tree crown is tall and big, and the height of tree can reach 15 meters, general high 3-5 rice left and right under cultivation condition.Trunk beige, Lao Pi has irregular lobe or scales off, and sprig is smooth.According to surveying and determination, every hectogram apple contains fructose 6.5-11.2 gram, glucose 2.5-3.5 gram, and sucrose 1.0-5.2 gram, also contains trace element zinc, calcium, phosphorus, iron, potassium and VITMAIN B1, Lin Suanna Vitamin B2 Sodium Phosphate, vitamins C and carotene etc.Apple happiness light, happiness subacidity is to neutral soil, be suitable for most soil layer deep, be rich in organic matter, cubsoil is the well-drained sand of ventilation.
The mineral element that apple absorbs, except forming output then, forms enough nourishing and growing and reserve nutrient in addition, in order to the needs that grow from now on.According to 5000 kilograms of above apple orchard investigation of per mu yield, nitrogen phosphoris and potassium fertilizer ratio is 2:1:2, and 1000 kilograms of fruits of general every production need nitrogen 4-7 kilogram, phosphorus 2-3.5 kilogram, potassium 4-7 kilogram; Take nitrogen as main early stage, and the middle and later periods be take potassium as main, more steady the whole year to the absorption of phosphorus.
Use chemical fertilizer to the production development of modern agriculture and ensure that mankind's grain security established basic substance, yet the poor efficiency of chemical fertilizer and the high environmental risk brought are thus to perplex global significant problem always.Therefore, countries in the world are all in method and the approach trying to explore to improve utilization rate of fertilizer, check environmental pollution, wherein microbial-bacterial fertilizer is a kind of environmental friendly fertilizer, also be one of important directions of the future of agriculture Sustainable development, can maintain and increase soil fertility, be conducive to the breeding of microorganism sociales, keep ecological balance, reduce environmental pollution etc.In prior art, also there is no special microbial-bacterial fertilizer design for apple, orchard worker is usually alternative with other composite fertilizer special, easily exist utilization rate of fertilizer low, apply fertilizer and easily cause soil compaction, affect the problems such as apple quality year after year.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of green non-pollution, utilization rate of fertilizer high, improve soil, meet the apple microbial bacterial manure special of apple development nutritional needs.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solution:
Apple microbial bacterial manure special of the present invention, feed composition weight part is as follows:
Complex micro organism fungicide 5-20 part,
Humic acids 10-20 part,
Turfy soil 20-40 part,
Nitrogenous fertilizer 10-20 part,
Phosphate fertilizer 5-15 part,
Potash fertilizer 10-20 part,
Micro-fertile 1-10 part,
Wilkinite 1-10 part;
Above raw material is commercially available prod, wherein:
Described complex micro organism fungicide is expanded and connects cultivation and fermentation separately by subtilis, gel-shaped bacillus, Bacillus licheniformis, bacterium liquid after fermentation adsorbs with the peat composed of rotten mosses, single microbial inoculum after absorption is mixed, pulverized according to the ratio of 1:1:1, moisture remains in 30%, obtain complex micro organism fungicide, living bacteria count: 20,000,000,000/gram;
Described peat composed of rotten mosses wood water content is 2-5%, organic content >=30%;
Described nitrogenous fertilizer is urea or ammonium nitrate, and described phosphate fertilizer is monoammonium phosphate or diammonium phosphate, and described potash fertilizer is potassium sulfate;
Described humic acids water content is 2-5%, organic content >=75%;
Described micro-fertilizer is containing EDTA chelating calcium, EDTA chelated magnesium and EDTA chelated zinc;
Described wilkinite is to take montmorillonite as main moisture clay pit, owing to thering is the special property of swelling, cohesiveness, adsorptivity, catalytic, thixotropy, suspension and cationic exchange, be widely used in each industrial circle, be referred to as " omnipotent soil ";
The content relating in above raw material is mass percent.
The preparation method of apple microbial bacterial manure special of the present invention, comprises following processing step:
1) cultivation of single microbial inoculum
The bacterial classification that test tube slant preserving process is preserved in to 4 ℃ of refrigerators takes out, expand and be connected on fresh test tube beef extract-peptone slant medium, within 2-4 days in 30 ℃ of incubators, cultivate ripe, be inoculated in the nutrient solution being formed by extractum carnis 5g, peptone 5g, sodium-chlor 5g, water 1L, pH is 7.2, carries out shaking table cultivation; Bacterium liquid bacterium number enters the one grade fermemtation stage more than reaching 2,000,000,000/milliliter, and the amount of seed liquor be take one grade fermemtation tank volume as benchmark, and inoculum size is between 0.1%-10%; Adopt pressure differential method that seed liquor is pressed into fermentor tank, control pressure 0.05Mpa, 28 ℃ of temperature, the 0.5-1 that sterile air air flow is tank volume is doubly; After one grade fermemtation finishes, by pipeline, directly bacterium hydraulic pressure is entered to second order fermentation tank, culture condition is the same; When fermented liquid reach quality index pH be 5.5-6.0, fermented liquid bacterium number reach 2,000,000,000/milliliter is when above, and fermented liquid is put into sterilized container for storing liquid; The aseptic peat composed of rotten mosses of water content≤15%, fineness 80 mesh sieve percent of pass 80% and fermented liquid are adsorbed with the ratio of 3-5:1, mix, control water content≤20%, living bacteria count >=200,000,000/gram, obtain single microbial inoculum product.
2) complex micro organism fungicide preparation
The subtilis of preparing respectively according to step 1 method, gel-shaped bacillus, Bacillus licheniformis are mixed, pulverized according to the ratio of 1:1:1, and moisture remains in 30%, obtains complex micro organism fungicide, standby.
3) preparation of product of the present invention
Above-mentioned raw materials complex micro organism fungicide, humic acids, turfy soil, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, micro-fertilizer, wilkinite philosophy are weighed and be placed in stirrer and be uniformly mixed 1.5 hours, under the condition that is 8 in 30 ℃ of temperature, pH value, through granulation, oven dry, screening, make apple microbial bacterial manure special.
Apple microbial bacterial manure special of the present invention, further preferred feed composition weight part is as follows:
Complex micro organism fungicide 6-15 part,
Humic acids 12-18 part,
Turfy soil 25-35 part,
Nitrogenous fertilizer 12-18 part,
Phosphate fertilizer 6-10 part,
Potash fertilizer 12-18 part,
Micro-fertile 3-8 part,
Wilkinite 3-8 part.
Apple microbial bacterial manure special of the present invention, optimum feed composition weight part is as follows:
10 parts of complex micro organism fungicides,
15 parts of humic acidss,
25 parts of turfy soils,
16 parts, nitrogenous fertilizer,
8 parts, phosphate fertilizer,
16 parts, potash fertilizer,
Micro-fertile 5 parts,
5 parts of wilkinites.
Apple microbial bacterial manure special of the present invention has the following advantages:
1, there is the effect that presses down germ, disease resistance
After probioticss add in soil in a large number, at crop root, form protective barrier around, suppress growth, the breeding of harmful bacteria; purify edatope; cover crop root system suppresses tens kinds of fungies, bacterium and Diseases, the generation that alleviates to greatest extent soil-borne disease simultaneously.
2, comprehensive nutrition, integrates nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace element activation, and nullified nutrient is absorbed again, build up fertility, extend fertilizer efficiency, reduce fertilizer amount, the physiological disturbance that can effectively prevent the trace elements such as plant boron deficiency, calcium, iron, magnesium, sulphur, manganese to cause.
3, can improve edatope, can eliminate soil compaction, chessom, neutralization alkalescence, reduce soil alkaline.
Each component proportion of product of the present invention, can carry out suitable adjustment according to the regulation of fertilizer requirement of concrete edaphic condition and crop species and different growing, to meet the needs of plant growth.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment form, foregoing of the present invention is described in further detail again, but this should be interpreted as to the scope of the above-mentioned theme of the present invention only limits to following embodiment, all technology realizing based on foregoing of the present invention all belong to scope of the present invention.
embodiment 1: prepare apple microbial bacterial manure special
Feed composition weight part is as follows:
10 parts of complex micro organism fungicides,
15 parts of humic acidss,
25 parts of turfy soils,
16 parts, urea,
8 parts of monoammonium phosphates,
16 parts of potassium sulfate,
Micro-fertile 5 parts,
5 parts of wilkinites.
Preparation method:
1) cultivation of single microbial inoculum
The bacterial classification that test tube slant preserving process is preserved in to 4 ℃ of refrigerators takes out, expand and be connected on fresh test tube beef extract-peptone slant medium, within 2-4 days in 30 ℃ of incubators, cultivate ripe, be inoculated in nutrient solution (extractum carnis 5g, peptone 5g, NaCl 5g, pH7.2, water 1L), in 28 ℃ of 160rpm-180rpm shaking tables, cultivate; Bacterium liquid bacterium number is mature seed and enters the one grade fermemtation stage more than reaching 2,000,000,000/milliliter; The amount of seed liquor be take one grade fermemtation tank volume as benchmark, between inoculum size 0.1%-10%, adopts pressure differential method that seed liquor is pressed into fermentor tank, control pressure 0.05Mpa, and 28 ℃ of temperature, the 0.5-1 that sterile air air flow is tank volume is doubly; After one grade fermemtation finishes, by pipeline, directly bacterium hydraulic pressure is entered to second order fermentation tank, culture condition is the same; When fermented liquid reaches quality index pH5.5-6.0, fermented liquid bacterium number reaches 2,000,000,000/and milliliter is when above, and fermented liquid is put into sterilized container for storing liquid, standby; The aseptic peat composed of rotten mosses (water content≤15%, fineness 80 mesh sieve percent of pass 80%) and fermented liquid are adsorbed with 3-5:1 suitable proportion, mix, control water content≤20%, living bacteria count >=200,000,000/gram, obtain single microbial inoculum product.
2) complex micro organism fungicide preparation
The subtilis of preparing respectively according to step 1 method, gel-shaped bacillus, Bacillus licheniformis are mixed, pulverized according to the ratio of 1:1:1, and moisture remains in 30%, obtains complex micro organism fungicide, standby.
3) preparation of product of the present invention
10 jin of complex micro organism fungicides of above-mentioned raw materials, 15 jin of humic acidss, 25 jin of turfy soils, 16 jin of nitrogenous fertilizer, 8 jin of phosphate fertilizer, 16 jin of potash fertilizer, 5 jin of micro-fertilizer, 5 jin of wilkinites are placed in to stirrer and are uniformly mixed 1.5 hours, under the condition that is 8 in 30 ℃ of temperature, pH value, through granulation, oven dry, screening, make apple microbial bacterial manure special.
embodiment 2: prepare apple microbial bacterial manure special
Feed composition weight part is as follows:
8 parts of complex micro organism fungicides,
16 parts of humic acidss,
27 parts of turfy soils,
17 parts, urea,
7 parts of diammonium phosphate,
17 parts of potassium sulfate,
Micro-fertile 4 parts,
4 parts of wilkinites.
Preparation technology and product using method are with embodiment 1.
Comparative example: the production and sales of composite fertilizer 13-7-20(Stanley Fertilizer Co.,Ltd) 300kg/ mu+farm manure 300kg/ mu.
The effect of above embodiment 1,2 and comparative example is as follows:
Test period: in March, 2011-October
Test site: orchard, Guia Hill town, Qixia City, Yantai, mu is planted 86 strains.
Experimental cultivar: Fuji
For trying soil: sandy loam, good permeability; Organic content is 1.1%, nitric nitrogen 14.3mg/kg, ammonia-state nitrogen 80.1mg/kg, available potassium 235.3mg/kg, rapid available phosphorus 33.9mg/kg, pH value 7.3.
Blank, conventional fertilizer application, embodiment 1, embodiment 2 totally 4 processing are established in test, and each is processed in triplicate.Wherein, space management 6 strains, other are treated to 12 strains.
Each experimental design adopts completely randomized design.
Different treatment sees the following form on the impact of output:
As can be seen from the above table, compared with the control, fertilising can significantly improve the output of Fuji apple, and conventional fertilizer application increases production 26.2%, 21.2% than contrast respectively than contrast volume increase 8.8%, embodiment 1 and embodiment 2.The apple production of embodiment 1 is the highest, reaches 2902kg/ mu, compared with embodiment 2, processes and improves 4.2%, compared with conventional fertilizer application, processes and improves 16.0%, and effect of increasing production is best.
Therefore, use apple microbial bacterial manure special of the present invention and process the output that can significantly improve apple, should vigorously promote the use.
Claims (2)
1. an apple microbial bacterial manure special, is characterized in that feed composition weight part is as follows: 10 parts of complex micro organism fungicides, 15 parts of humic acidss, 25 parts of turfy soils, 16 parts, nitrogenous fertilizer, 8 parts, phosphate fertilizer, 16 parts, potash fertilizer, micro-fertile 5 parts, 5 parts of wilkinites;
Above raw material is commercially available prod, wherein:
Described complex micro organism fungicide is expanded and connects cultivation and fermentation separately by subtilis, gel-shaped bacillus, Bacillus licheniformis, bacterium liquid after fermentation adsorbs with the peat composed of rotten mosses, single microbial inoculum after absorption is mixed, pulverized according to the ratio of 1:1:1, moisture remains in 30%, obtain complex micro organism fungicide, living bacteria count: 20,000,000,000/gram;
Described turfy soil water content is 2-5%, organic content >=30%;
Described nitrogenous fertilizer is urea or ammonium nitrate, and described phosphate fertilizer is monoammonium phosphate or diammonium phosphate, and described potash fertilizer is potassium sulfate;
Described humic acids water content is 2-5%, organic content >=75%;
Described micro-fertilizer is containing EDTA chelating calcium, EDTA chelated magnesium and EDTA chelated zinc.
2. the preparation method of apple microbial bacterial manure special as claimed in claim 1, comprise following processing step: proportioning is got complex micro organism fungicide, humic acids, turfy soil, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, micro-fertilizer, wilkinite in accordance with regulations, above raw material is placed in to stirrer and is uniformly mixed 1.5 hours, under the condition that is 8 in 30 ℃ of temperature, pH value, through granulation, oven dry, screening, make apple microbial bacterial manure special.
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