CN102815210B - Composite-material automobile transmission shaft formed by pulling, squeezing and winding and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of composite materials, and relates to a pultrusion winding composite automobile drive shaft and a preparation method thereof. The composite material automobile transmission shaft includes a shaft tube (1), a metal connector (2) and an adhesive layer (3). The shaft tube (1) includes a tube body (4) and a boss ( 5) and the fabric reinforcement layer (6); the two ends of the shaft tube (1) are splined and glued together with the metal connector (2) through the glue layer (3) and the boss (5) connect. According to the pultrusion winding process, the present invention provides a reasonable composite material automobile transmission shaft, the inner side of which contains a pultruded composite material boss along the axial direction of the entire shaft tube, and at the connecting part, the shaft tube and the metal connector form a spline connection -The form of adhesive hybrid connection, which enhances the connection strength and has long-term reliability.

Description

A kind of pultrusion winding composite automobile transmission shaft and preparation method thereof

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of composite materials, and relates to a pultrusion winding composite automobile drive shaft and a preparation method thereof.

Background technique

The car drive shaft is the transmission that connects the transmission and drive axle. Generally, when the length of the traditional metal transmission shaft exceeds 1 meter, in order to avoid the resonance phenomenon caused by the low critical speed, it is often necessary to divide the transmission shaft into two sections. The use of composite materials to manufacture such transmission shafts can simplify the two-section transmission shaft into a single piece, which not only reduces the shaft weight, but also subtracts the intermediate support and corresponding connection and sealing elements, effectively reducing the total weight of the transmission system.

At present, composite automobile transmission shafts are mainly fiber-reinforced resin-based composite materials formed by a fixed-length winding process. Due to the anisotropy of fiber-reinforced composite materials, the shaft tube needs to be designed and manufactured reasonably so that the composite transmission shaft can meet the requirements of torsional strength, critical speed and critical buckling. Although the fixed-length winding process can arrange reinforcement materials in the optimal direction according to the load requirements of the structure, it is difficult to lay longitudinal fibers (ie, 0° fibers) along the axial direction of the product. The setting of the fiber layer in the 0° direction plays an important role in improving the bending stiffness of the transmission shaft.

On the other hand, the connection between the composite material shaft tube and the metal connector is a more important part of the entire transmission shaft structure, and its reliability is related to the torsion resistance and long-term performance of the composite material transmission shaft. Therefore, there is a need for a reasonable and reliable connection structure of the composite material automobile transmission shaft, so that the composite material transmission shaft can transmit loads smoothly under long-term working conditions. In terms of shaft tube structure, at present, the composite material automobile transmission shaft is mostly a smooth round tube with no boss on the inner wall. And adopt pure glue connection or mechanical connection-glue joint hybrid connection method to connect. Among them, the mechanical connection mainly includes pin connection, bolt connection, pin key connection and so on. Due to the thin-walled tubular structure of composite drive shafts, making open-hole connections in the tube walls can result in fiber shearing and can easily introduce interlaminar cracks, leading to long-term performance issues.

In terms of manufacturing process, the molding process and assembly method of composite material automobile drive shaft also have a great influence on its performance under working conditions. A reasonable and efficient automatic manufacturing method is needed to make the composite material drive shaft have stable molding quality. And meet the mass production requirements. The automatic production methods of continuous fiber reinforced composite thin-walled components are mainly winding process and pultrusion process. Among them, the production of the fixed-length winding process is discontinuous, and the production efficiency is not high; while the pultrusion process is very suitable for the production of fiber-reinforced composite materials in the 0° direction, but it is difficult to achieve accurate laying of non-0° fibers. It is beneficial to the manufacture of composite automobile drive shafts that have high requirements for lateral performance and other performances.

The composite pultrusion winding process includes two processes of pultrusion and winding, which can manufacture products with special requirements for transverse performance and other properties, such as: small-diameter rod structural parts, tube or beam structural parts. Composite material automobile transmission shafts have requirements for torsional strength, critical speed and critical buckling. For this, the composite material lay-up structure needs to contain different angles of lay-up to meet the needs of different aspects. Combining the characteristics of pultrusion and winding molding, the pultrusion winding process can form composite material layers with different layer angles, which can ensure the consistency of molding quality. On the other hand, the pultrusion winding process has continuous production and high production efficiency. High, suitable for mass production.

When the pultrusion winding process is adopted, the common production method is to pultrude first and then to wind, that is, first to pultrude the inner side of the composite automobile drive shaft, and then to wrap other directions on the pultruded components. Aiming at the characteristics of the pultrusion winding process, the present invention proposes a scheme of laying a pultruded composite material boss on the inner side of the composite material shaft tube, and the composite material boss is laid along the axial direction of the entire composite material transmission shaft to form a unique shaft tube inner structure. At the connection end, a spline connection can be provided, and at the same time, the axially laid composite material boss can increase the axial stiffness, thereby further increasing the critical speed.

The composite material shaft tube and the metal connector are bonded by adhesive, and cooperate with the composite material boss to form a spline-adhesive hybrid connection. This hybrid connection can enhance the bearing capacity and long-term reliability of the connection. . A textile reinforcement layer is included between the composite shaft tube and the metal connector to prevent interlaminar failure while increasing the strength of the connection.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a composite material automobile transmission shaft and a preparation method thereof in order to overcome the defects of the prior art.

The composite automobile transmission shaft of the present invention is manufactured by a pultrusion winding process. On the one hand, the fibers can be laid along the axial direction of the transmission shaft (that is, the 0-degree direction described below) or at a certain angle with the axial direction of the transmission shaft to meet the requirements of the transmission shaft in torsion. Strength, critical speed and critical buckling requirements, on the other hand, can ensure high-efficiency production and consistency of finished product quality; the spline-adhesive hybrid connection method composed of bosses on the inner wall of the pipe can improve the bearing capacity and fatigue In terms of performance, it meets the requirements for long-term use of motor vehicles.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A composite material automobile transmission shaft, including a shaft tube, a metal connector and a glue layer, the shaft tube includes a tube body, a boss and a fabric reinforcement layer from the outside to the inside; the two sides of the shaft tube are passed through the glue There is a spline connection-adhesive hybrid connection between the layer and the boss and the metal connector.

The adhesive layer is formed by matching and gluing the inner wall adhesive layer of the shaft tube coated on the inner wall of the shaft tube with the outer wall adhesive layer of the metal connector coated on the outer wall of the metal connector;

The material of the metal connector is steel or aluminum alloy.

The shaft tube is manufactured by a pultrusion winding process, and its fiber volume content is greater than or equal to 60%.

The distribution direction of the bosses is parallel to the axial direction of the shaft tube, and the bosses are discontinuously distributed in the circumferential direction between the fabric reinforcement layer and the tube body;

The layering method of the boss is axial layering;

The lay-up method of reinforcing fibers in the pipe body from outside to inside is hoop lay-up, cross-lay-up and axial lay-up; The layer method can meet the requirements of critical speed, torsional strength and critical buckling.

The material of the boss is carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin-based composite material;

The angle of the circumferential layup is 80° to 90°; the angle of the cross layup is 30° to 60°; the angle of the axial layup is 0°, wherein each of the above layups is based on The direction along the axis of the shaft tube is the direction of 0 degrees;

The reinforcing fibers in the pipe body are the same kind of fibers or mixed fibers;

When the same fiber reinforcement is adopted, the material of the pipe body is carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin-based composite material; when the hybrid fiber reinforcement is adopted, the material of the hoop layer and axial layer in the pipe body is carbon fiber reinforced ring An epoxy resin-based composite material, and the cross-laminated material is a glass fiber-reinforced epoxy resin-based composite material.

The axial layup of the pipe body is formed by a pultrusion process, and the cross layup and circumferential layup are formed by a winding process;

The boss is formed on the inner side of the shaft tube through a pultrusion process along the entire shaft tube, and its layering is an axial layering. The boss can improve the axial stiffness of the shaft tube and further increase the critical speed of the composite automobile transmission shaft. On the other hand, the boss and the fabric reinforcement layer covered by it can form a spline key tooth structure and connect with the metal connector. Matched to form a splined connection.

The layup of the fabric reinforcement layer is a two-way or multi-directional layup; when a two-way layup is adopted, the laying method is ±45-degree cross-laying; when a multi-directional layup is adopted, the laying method is also cross-laying, and the laying The quantity is 2 to 6 layers, and the laying angle is 30 degrees to 60 degrees. The textile reinforcement increases the strength of the connection and prevents interlaminar failure.

A method for preparing the above-mentioned composite material automobile drive shaft, characterized in that: comprising the following steps:

(1) A shaft tube is wound by pultrusion, and the shaft tube is cut off;

(2) Apply adhesive to the inner wall of the shaft tube to form a rubber layer on the inner wall of the shaft tube, and apply adhesive to the outer wall of the metal connector to form a rubber layer on the outer wall of the metal connector;

(3) The glue layer on the inner wall of the shaft tube coated on the inner wall of the axle tube is glued to the outer wall glue layer of the metal connector coated on the outer wall of the metal connector to form a glue layer, and a pultrusion winding composite material automobile transmission shaft is obtained.

The adhesive is a toughened epoxy adhesive, the shear strength is greater than 30 MPa at room temperature, and the shear strength is greater than 25 MPa after damp heat aging.

The step (1) pultrusion winding forming method of the central axis tube includes the following steps:

(a) The inner layer of the shaft tube is integrally formed by the pultrusion method, including the axial layup of the fabric reinforcement layer, the boss and the innermost layer of the tube body;

(b) Using the inner layer of the shaft tube prepared in step (a) as the mandrel, the cross-lamination and hoop-layering of the shaft tube formed by winding;

(c) cutting the material prepared in step (b) to obtain a shaft tube.

The pultrusion-wound-molded composite automobile transmission shaft adopts a spline connection-glue connection form in the assembly process. The shaft tube containing the boss and the metal connector are connected through an adhesive layer to form a connection mode of spline connection-adhesive joint hybrid connection.

The adhesive layer on the inner wall of the shaft tube and the outer wall adhesive layer on the outer wall of the metal connector are glued together to form an adhesive layer for sleeve bonding.

By adopting the above technical scheme, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

Using the pultrusion winding process, the composite automobile transmission shaft can contain a 0-degree fiber layer, and the molding quality is consistent. At the same time, thanks to the efficient production method, the pultrusion winding composite automobile transmission shaft has the ability to be put into mass production . On the other hand, according to the pultrusion winding process, a reasonable composite automobile transmission shaft is provided, the inner side of which contains a pultruded composite boss along the axial direction of the entire composite shaft tube, and in the connecting part, it can provide a spline connection. way, at the same time, due to the increase in the axial stiffness of the composite shaft tube, the composite boss can further increase the critical speed of the composite automobile drive shaft. Composite shaft tubes and metal connectors form a hybrid splined-glued connection for increased joint strength and long-term reliability.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is an overall structural diagram of a composite material automobile transmission shaft according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is an assembly diagram of one end of a composite material automobile transmission shaft according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the connection part of the composite material automobile transmission shaft according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a detailed front view of the connection part of the composite material automobile transmission shaft according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a layup diagram of the shaft tube of the embodiment of the present invention.

Notes on drawings:

1 shaft tube, 2 metal connectors,

31 Adhesive layer on the inner wall of the shaft tube, 32 Adhesive layer on the outer wall of the metal connector,

3 glue layer 4 tube body,

5 bosses, 6 fabric reinforcements,

7 hoop plies, 8 cross plies,

9 Axial layup of pipe body, 10 Axial layup of boss,

11 Two-way or multi-way layup.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.

A composite automobile drive shaft, as shown in Figure 1, includes a shaft tube 1, a metal connector 2 and a glue layer 3, wherein the shaft tube 1 includes a tube body 4, a boss 5 and a fabric reinforcement layer 6 in sequence from the outside to the inside ; Both sides of the shaft tube 1 are splined and bonded to the metal connector 2 through the adhesive layer 3 and the boss 5, as shown in FIG. 4 .

As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, the adhesive layer 3 is formed by matching and gluing the inner wall adhesive layer 31 of the shaft tube 1 coated on the inner wall of the shaft tube 1 and the outer wall adhesive layer 32 of the metal connector 2 coated on the outer wall of the metal connector 2;

The metal connector 2 is made of steel or aluminum alloy.

The shaft tube 1 is manufactured by a pultrusion winding process, and its fiber volume content is greater than or equal to 60%.

The distribution direction of the bosses 5 is parallel to the axial direction of the shaft tube 1, and the bosses 5 are discontinuously distributed in the circumferential direction between the fabric reinforcement layer 6 and the tube body 4;

The layering method of the boss 5 is axial layering 9;

As shown in Figure 5, the lay-up methods of reinforcing fibers in the pipe body 4 from outside to inside are hoop lay-up 7, cross lay-up 8 and axial lay-up 9; The layup method of layer 8 and axial layup 9 can meet the requirements of critical speed, torsional strength and critical buckling.

The material of the boss 5 is a carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin-based composite material;

The angle of the circumferential layup 7 is 80° to 90°; the angle of the cross layup 8 is 30° to 60°; the angle of the axial layup 9 is 0°, wherein each of the above layups is in the axial direction of the shaft tube 1 is the direction of 0 degrees;

The reinforcing fibers in the shaft tube 4 are the same kind of fibers or mixed fibers;

When the same kind of fiber reinforcement is adopted, the material of the pipe body 4 is carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin-based composite material; It is a carbon fiber-reinforced epoxy resin-based composite material, and the material of the cross-laminated layer 8 is a glass fiber-reinforced epoxy resin-based composite material.

The axial layup 9 of the pipe body 4 is formed by a pultrusion process, and the cross layup 8 and the circumferential layup 7 are formed by a winding process;

The boss 5 is formed on the inner side of the shaft tube 1 through a pultrusion process along the entire shaft tube 1 , and its layer is an axial layer layer 10 . The boss 5 can improve the axial stiffness of the shaft tube 1, and further increase the critical speed of the composite automobile transmission shaft. Cooperate with the metal connector 2 to form a splined connection.

The layup of the fabric reinforcement layer 6 is a two-way or multi-directional layup 11; when using a two-way layup, the laying method is ± 45-degree cross-laying; when using a multi-directional layup, the laying method is also cross-laying, the number of laying 2 to 6 layers, and the laying angle is 30 degrees to 60 degrees.

Example 1

A certain composite material automobile drive shaft is assembled by a composite material shaft tube 1 with a length of 1.7m and a diameter of 76mm and metal connectors 2 at both ends. The shaft tube material of the composite material is T300 fiber-reinforced epoxy resin-based composite material, the thickness of the single-layer plate is 0.2mm, and its typical performance parameters are shown in Table 1 and Table 2:

Table 1

E ₁ (GPa) E ₂ (GPa) G ₁₂ (GPa) v _{12 tp} (mm) ρ (kg/mm ³ ) 125 8 5 0.3 0.2 1550

Table 2

X _t (MPa) X _c (MPa) _Yt (MPa) Y _c (MPa) S (MPa) 1600 1000 40 220 80

The forming method of the composite shaft tube and the assembly method of the composite shaft tube and the metal connector are as follows:

(1) The inner layer of the shaft tube 1 is integrally formed by pultrusion, including the fabric reinforcement layer 6, the composite material boss 5 and the innermost axial layer 9 of the tube body 4;

The inner layer of the above-mentioned pultruded shaft tube is used as the mandrel, and the outermost layer of the product is wound, including the cross-layer 8 and the hoop layer 7;

According to the required length, cut the shaft tube 1;

(2) Surface treatment is carried out on the surface of the shaft tube 1 and the metal connector to be glued; the inner wall glue layer 31 of the shaft tube is formed by applying an adhesive to the inner wall of the shaft tube 1, and the adhesive is applied on the outer wall of the metal connector 2 to form a metal joint. The adhesive layer 32 on the outer wall of the connector;

(3) Connecting the shaft tube of the composite material with the metal connector through the adhesive layer to obtain the pultrusion winding composite material automobile drive shaft.

The pultruded winding-molded composite automobile transmission shaft adopts a spline connection-glue connection form in the assembly process. The composite material shaft tube 1 containing the composite material boss 5 is connected to the metal connector 2 through the adhesive layer 3, forming a spline connection-adhesive hybrid connection mode.

The shaft tube 1 is composed of a tube body 4 , a boss 5 and a fabric reinforcement layer 6 . The pipe body 4 contains axial ply 9 , cross ply 8 and hoop ply 7 sequentially from the inner layer to the outer layer to meet the requirements of critical speed, torsional strength and critical buckling. The axial ply 9 is formed by a pultrusion process, and the cross ply 8 and the hoop ply 7 are formed by a winding process. The boss 5 is formed on the inner side of the shaft tube 1 through the pultrusion process along the entire shaft tube 1, wherein the layer of the boss 5 is an axial layer 10, and the boss 5 can improve the axial stiffness of the shaft tube 1 and can Provides a splined connection when connecting with metal connection fittings. The spline connection cooperates with the glue connection, so that the shaft tube 1 and the metal connector 2 form a hybrid connection of spline connection and glue connection, which improves the connection strength and long-term reliability.

When the same kind of fiber reinforcement is adopted, the material of the pipe body 4 is carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin-based composite material; It is a carbon fiber-reinforced epoxy resin-based composite material, and the material of the cross-laminated layer 8 is a glass fiber-reinforced epoxy resin-based composite material. The material of the boss 5 is carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin matrix composite material. The layup of the fabric reinforcement layer 6 is a two-way or multi-directional layup 11; when using a two-way layup, the laying method is ± 45-degree cross-laying; when using a multi-directional layup, the laying method is also cross-laying, the number of laying 2 to 6 layers, and the laying angle is 30 degrees to 60 degrees.

The adhesive of the adhesive layer adopts the J-204 series modified epoxy adhesive of the Petrochemical Research Institute of Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences. Its shear strength at room temperature is greater than 30MPa, and the shear strength after damp heat aging is greater than 25MPa

In this embodiment, the composite material shaft tube of a certain composite material automobile transmission shaft has a specific lay-up form according to the characteristics of pultrusion winding and actual use requirements. Specifically: the composite material pipe body adopts the lay-up form of [±85/(±θ) _2s /0 ₃ ], the composite material boss adopts the lay-up form of [0 ₁₀ ], and the fabric reinforcement layer adopts the lay-up form of [±45] layer form. θ varies between 30 degrees and 60 degrees. As the θ angle increases, the critical speed, torsional load and critical buckling load of the composite automobile transmission shaft are shown in Table 3:

table 3

θ Torsional load of the first layer failure (N m) Critical speed (RPM) Critical buckling load (N m) 30 3667 5949 4314 45 4237 5266 4796 60 3685 4653 5616

When the length of the transmission shaft is greater than 1m, compared with the steel transmission shaft, the advantages of the composite transmission shaft lie in the following two points:

(1) If the drive shaft adopts a single-section form, the steel drive shaft has a higher material density and lower axial stiffness than the composite material drive shaft. Therefore, the critical speed of the steel drive shaft cannot meet the use requirements. There will be a more severe resonance in it.

(2) If the steel transmission shaft adopts a double-stage or multi-stage type, although the critical speed of the transmission shaft can be increased, the additional intermediate support and corresponding connection and sealing elements will increase the weight of the transmission shaft and affect the fuel economy of the vehicle.

Under the premise of meeting the torsional strength and critical buckling requirements, the critical speed values of steel and composite single-section drive shafts with a length of 1.7m and a diameter of 76mm are compared. In this embodiment, the thickness of the shaft tube 1 of the composite transmission shaft is determined by the thickness of the tube body 4 and the thickness of the boss 5. Since the boss 5 is discontinuously distributed along the circumferential direction, its thickness should be taken as its equivalent when it is included in the wall thickness of the shaft tube 1. thickness. In this implementation, the equivalent thickness of the boss 5 is 1 mm, the thickness of the tube body is 2.6 mm, and the equivalent thickness of the shaft tube 1 is 3.6 mm.

Consider the situation that the steel transmission shaft and the composite material transmission shaft have the same equivalent wall thickness: when the elastic modulus of the steel is 210GPa, the tensile strength is 600MPa, and the density is 7850kg/ ^m3 , the steel transmission shaft can meet the torsional strength and The critical buckling requirement, the critical speed is 4319RPM; for the composite transmission shaft, it can be seen from Table 3 that when θ is 30 degrees, it can not only meet the torsional strength and critical buckling requirements, but also the critical speed is 5949RPM, which is higher than that of the steel transmission shaft. 37.7%.

Example 2

A composite automobile transmission shaft is assembled from a composite shaft tube with a length of 1.4m and a diameter of 76mm and metal connectors at both ends. The shaft tube material of the composite material is T300 fiber reinforced epoxy resin based composite material and glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin based composite material, forming a fiber hybrid structure. The thickness of the two single-layer boards is 0.2mm. Typical performance parameters of glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin matrix composites are shown in Table 4 and Table 5:

Table 4

E ₁ (GPa) E ₂ (GPa) G ₁₂ (GPa) v _{12 tp} (mm) ρ (kg/mm ³ ) 45 10 5 0.3 0.19 2000

table 5

X _t (MPa) X _c (MPa) _Yt (MPa) Y _c (MPa) S (MPa) 1100 675 35 120 80

The forming method of the composite shaft tube and the assembly method of the composite shaft tube and the metal connector are as follows:

(1) Using the pultrusion method to integrally form the inner layer of the composite material shaft tube 1, including the fabric reinforcement layer 6, the composite material boss 5 and the innermost axial layer 9 of the composite material tube body 4;

The inner layer of the above-mentioned pultruded shaft tube is used as the mandrel, and the outermost layer of the product is wound, including the cross-layer 8 and the hoop layer 7;

According to the required length, cut the shaft tube of composite material;

(2) Surface treatment is carried out on the surface of the composite shaft tube 1 and the metal connector 2 to be bonded; the inner wall glue layer 31 of the shaft tube formed by smearing the adhesive on the inner wall of the composite shaft tube 1 is applied on the outer wall of the metal connector 2 The adhesive forms the outer wall adhesive layer 32 of the metal connector;

(3) Bond the outer wall adhesive layer 32 of the metal connector and the inner wall adhesive layer 31 of the shaft tube to form an adhesive layer 3 , connect the composite material shaft tube to the metal connector, and obtain a pultruded winding composite automobile transmission shaft.

The composite axle tube consists of a composite tube body, a composite boss, and a fabric reinforcement. The composite material pipe body contains axial layup, cross layup and hoop layup to meet the requirements of critical speed, torsional strength and critical buckling, among which the material of cross layup is glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin matrix composite material, The material of the axial layup and the hoop layup is T300 fiber-reinforced epoxy resin-based composite material. In the composite pipe body, the axial plies are formed by the pultrusion process, and the cross-ply and hoop plies are formed by the winding process. The boss of the composite material is formed on the inner side of the composite material shaft tube through a pultrusion process along the entire composite material shaft tube, and the layup is an axial layup, and the material is T300 fiber-reinforced epoxy resin-based composite material. While improving the axial rigidity of the composite shaft tube, the boss of the composite material can provide a spline connection mode when connecting with the metal connecting piece. The combination of the spline connection and the glue connection makes the composite shaft tube and the metal connector form a spline connection-glue connection hybrid connection form, which improves the connection strength and long-term reliability. The adhesive of the adhesive layer adopts the J-204 series modified epoxy adhesive of the Petrochemical Research Institute of Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences. Its shear strength at room temperature is greater than 30MPa, and its shear strength after damp heat aging is greater than 25MPa.

When the same kind of fiber reinforcement is adopted, the material of the composite pipe body 4 is carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin-based composite material; The material of layer 9 is carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin-based composite material, and the material of cross-laminated layer 8 is glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin-based composite material. The material of the composite boss 5 is carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin-based composite material. The layup of the fabric reinforcement layer 6 is a two-way or multi-directional layup 11; when using a two-way layup, the laying method is ± 45-degree cross-laying; when using a multi-directional layup, the laying method is also cross-laying, the number of laying 2 to 6 layers, and the laying angle is 30 degrees to 60 degrees.

In this example, the composite material shaft tube of a certain composite material automobile drive shaft is designed with a specific lay-up form according to the characteristics of pultrusion winding and actual use requirements. Specifically: the composite material pipe body adopts the lay-up form of [±85/(±45) _5s /0 ₃ ], the composite material boss adopts the lay-up form of [0 ₁₀ ], and the fabric reinforcement layer adopts the lay-up form of [±45] layer form. The critical speed, torsional load and critical buckling load when the first layer is damaged are shown in Table 6:

Table 6

First layer failure torsional load (N m) Critical speed (RPM) Critical buckling load (N m) 3478 5543 15754

The above description of the embodiments is for those of ordinary skill in the art to understand and apply the present invention. It is obvious that those skilled in the art can easily make various modifications to these embodiments, and apply the general principles described here to other embodiments without creative effort. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments herein. Improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art according to the disclosure of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. a pultrusion winding molding compound material propeller-shaft, it is characterized in that: comprise central siphon (1), attachment hardware (2) and glue-line (3), described central siphon (1) includes body (4), boss (5) and fabric enhancement layer (6) from outside to inside successively; The both sides of described central siphon (1) are passed through glue-line (3) and are spline joint-splicing Hybrid connections between boss (5) and attachment hardware (2);

The axial laying (9) of described body (4) is shaping by pultrude process, intersect laying (8) and hoop laying (7) shaping by winding process;

Described boss (5) takes shape in central siphon (1) inner side along whole central siphon (1) by pultrude process, and its laying is axial laying (10).

2. composite material automobile transmission shaft according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described glue-line (3) the shaft tube inner wall glue-line (31) that to be central siphon (1) applied by its inwall mates to glue together with the attachment hardware outer wall glue-line (32) that attachment hardware (2) outer wall applies and formed;

Or the material of described attachment hardware (2) is steel or aluminum alloy;

Or described central siphon (1) adopts the manufacture of pultrusion winding shaping process, its fiber volume fraction is more than or equal to 60%.

3. composite material automobile transmission shaft according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the direction that described boss (5) distributes is parallel with the axis of central siphon (1), and boss (5) hoop is distributed between fabric enhancement layer (6) and body (4) discontinuously;

Or the ply sequence of described boss (5) is axial laying (10);

Or the ply sequence of fortifying fibre ecto-entad is followed successively by hoop laying (7), intersection laying (8) and axial laying (9) in described body (4);

Or the material of described boss (5) is carbon fiber enhancement resin base composite material.

4. composite material automobile transmission shaft according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the angle of described hoop laying (7) is 80 degree to 90 degree; Described intersection laying (8) angle is 30 degree to 60 degree; The angle of described axial laying (9) is 0 degree, and wherein above-mentioned each laying is being 0 degree of direction along central siphon (1) axis direction.

5. composite material automobile transmission shaft according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the fortifying fibre in described body (4) is same fiber or assorted fibre; When taking same fiber enhanced form, the material of body (4) is carbon fiber enhancement resin base composite material; When taking assorted fibre enhanced form, in body (4), the material of hoop laying (7) and axial laying (9) is carbon fiber enhancement resin base composite material, and laying (8) material that intersects is galss fiber reinforced resin based composites.

6. composite material automobile transmission shaft according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the laying of described fabric enhancement layer (6) is two-way or multidirectional laying (11); When adopting two-way laying, paving mode is that ± 45 degree of intersections are laid; When adopting multidirectional laying, paving mode is similarly to intersect and lays, and laying quantity is 2 ~ 6 layers, and laying angle is 30 degree ~ 60 degree.

7. the preparation method of arbitrary described composite material automobile transmission shaft in the claims 1-6, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:

(1) pultrusion is wound around out one section of central siphon (1), is blocked by this central siphon (1);

(2) central siphon (1) inwall is smeared to the shaft tube inner wall glue-line (31) of adhesive formation, smear adhesive at the outer wall of attachment hardware (2) and form attachment hardware outer wall glue-line (32);

(3) the attachment hardware outer wall glue-line (32) that the shaft tube inner wall glue-line (31) applied by the inwall of central siphon (1) and attachment hardware (2) outer wall apply glueds joint, form glue-line (3), obtain pultrusion winding molding compound material propeller-shaft.

8. preparation method according to claim 7, is characterized in that: described adhesive is flexibilizing epoxy adhesive, and shearing strength value during room temperature is greater than 30MPa, and after hydrothermal aging, shearing strength value is greater than 25MPa.

9. preparation method according to claim 7, is characterized in that: the pultrusion winding, molding method of described step (1) central siphon (1), comprises the following steps:

A (), with pultrusion method one-body molded central siphon (1) internal layer, includes the axial laying (9) of fabric enhancement layer (6), boss (5) and body (4) innermost layer;

(b) with obtained central siphon (1) internal layer of step (a) for core, the intersection laying (8) of Wrapping formed central siphon (1) and hoop laying (7);

C material obtained for step (b) cutting is obtained central siphon (1) by ().