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CN102776006A - Device for destructive distillation and drying of biomass - Google Patents

Device for destructive distillation and drying of biomass Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102776006A
CN102776006A CN2012102920540A CN201210292054A CN102776006A CN 102776006 A CN102776006 A CN 102776006A CN 2012102920540 A CN2012102920540 A CN 2012102920540A CN 201210292054 A CN201210292054 A CN 201210292054A CN 102776006 A CN102776006 A CN 102776006A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
distillation reactor
dry distillation
carbon
reactor device
drying
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN2012102920540A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
陆正明
陆一波
刘赤亮
郭广寨
严光亮
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JIANGXI PENGYUAN ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT CO LTD
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JIANGXI PENGYUAN ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT CO LTD
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Priority to CN2012102920540A priority Critical patent/CN102776006A/en
Publication of CN102776006A publication Critical patent/CN102776006A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/82Recycling of waste of electrical or electronic equipment [WEEE]

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  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a device for destructive distillation and drying of biomass. The device comprises a vertical drying tower, a destructive distillation reactor feeder, a destructive distillation reactor, a destructive distillation reactor gas collection and utilization system, a combustible gas combustion system, a drainage device of the destructive distillation reactor, a carbon cabinet, a carbon emission water pool and a remote control system. The device is capable of well converting the biomass into a combustible gas, oil and carbon, thereby realizing the circulation and recycling of energy source substances; the structure of the device disclosed by the invention greatly improves the reaction speed of destructive distillation; and the cooling of the combustible gas and the drying of the biomass are carried out simultaneously with a plate arranged therebetween for isolation, so that the energy sources are greatly saved. The device can be widely applied to treating kitchen wastes of house refuse, medical wastes, sludge and the like from the perspectives of harmlessness, recycling and decrement.

Description

A kind of biomass carbonization and drying unit
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of urban rubbish treatment unit, be specially a kind of biomass carbonization and drying unit.
Background technology
The biomass that are scattered in the domestic waste are distributed widely among the human lives, and the existing biomass processes technology that is scattered in the domestic waste mainly contains composting technology, incineration technology, landfill technology.
Adopt composting technology to handle biomass, can reach innoxious index basically, still, the compost deodorizing cost is high, owing to be not very meticulous in the technology control to compost, tends to cause compost quality bad, influenced the composting technology popularization.
Incineration technology is the project that various countries are studied for many years always; As if incineration technology generating economic benefit is considerable, shows that through the years of researches achievement incineration technology has solved the pollution problem of Dioxins; But; Because the accumulation of Dioxins does not still obtain slap-up solution around the misoperation etc., existing incineration plant, domestic in recent years cry and the incident that the people opposes to set up incineration plant appear also repeatedly.
Landfill process be for many years by people the technology of acceptance and widespread use; Along with the increase with expense that improves constantly to the landfill process standard; Landfill process reduces the harm of environment gradually, still, because organism gets into landfill yard; Rainy day has become sewage source mill, and the drawback that landfill process can take a large amount of soils can't overcome.
Summary of the invention
To the problems referred to above, the invention provides a kind of operating process and do not produce pollution, a kind of biomass carbonization and drying unit that the resource reutilization degree is high.
The technical scheme that the present invention is adopted for its technical problem of solution is:
A kind of biomass carbonization and drying unit; It is characterized in that comprising a vertical drying tower 1 dry distillation reactor device feeding unit 2, dry distillation reactor device 3, dry distillation reactor device collection and confinement of gases and utilize firing system 5, the water-freeing arrangement 6 of dry distillation reactor device, carbon cabinet 7, carbon emission pond 8, the telechirics 9 of system 4, combustible gas; It is characterized in that vertical drying tower 1 links to each other with dry distillation reactor device feeding unit 2; The feeding unit 2 of dry distillation reactor device is connected with dry distillation reactor device 3; Dry distillation reactor device 3 is collected with carbonizing gas respectively and is connected with the firing system of utilizing system 4, combustible gas 5, carbon cabinet; Dry distillation reactor device collection and confinement of gases with utilize one of system 4 to be connected with the firing system 5 of carbon cabinet 7 and dry distillation reactor device 3 and combustible gas respectively; Carbon cabinet 7 is with dry distillation reactor device 3, dry distillation reactor device collection and confinement of gases and utilize system 4 to be connected, and insert in the water in carbon emission pond 8 carbon cabinet bottom.
Optimization technique of the present invention is, described vertical drying tower 1 by cat head feeding unit 11, one or more layers drying baker 12, drying baker internal box wall gutter 13, airtight water exhaust system 14, tower at the bottom of drawing mechanism 15, cat head oven dry material odor removal 16, cat head combustible gas purifying device 17 form.Cat head feeding unit 11 is characterized in that the rubbish that will prepare oven dry with the stack of the removable e Foerderanlage of two covers is arranged in the drying baker.Drying baker 12 by internal box, outer case 122, case at the bottom of interlayer 124 between porous panel turnover device 123, drying baker internal box and the outer case form.Internal box wall gutter 13 and airtight water exhaust system 14 is characterized in that the drainage of agglomerative moisture is effluxed, and outer arranging device has water seal airtight.Drawing mechanism 15 at the bottom of the tower, it is characterized in that rubbish with oven dry accumulates in a plurality of hoppers for next process to use, and mechanical arch breaking apparatus is arranged.The feeding unit 11 of vertical drying tower is connected with the chapelet of domestic refuse preprocessing system; The top of drying baker internal box is connected with vertical drying tower feeding unit 11; The below of drying baker internal box is connected with drawing mechanism 15, and the interlayer 124 between drying baker internal box and the outer case is connected with the horizontally-arranged gas house steward 42 who utilizes system 4 with dry distillation reactor device collection and confinement of gases.Cat head oven dry material odor removal 16 is made up of cat head internal layer sealing cover, an induced draft fan and a foam deodorizer.Cat head combustible gas purifying device 17 is made up of the interlayer sealing cover between the cat head ectonexine and a foam purifying device, a vacuum pump.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: combustible gas, oil and carbon etc. that the present invention can utilize Wood Adhesives from Biomass Cheng Kezai preferably; Can not produce pollution problems such as Dioxins; Also solved simultaneously the drawback in the shared a large amount of soils of biomass landfill that are scattered in the domestic waste; The present invention will be dried the heating, drying process in the internal box just from the gas-cooled processes such as combustible gas of destructive distillation reactor drum and carbon cabinet; Practice thrift the energy greatly, can effectively solve " carbon water " compound and the difficult problem that " hydrocarbon " material transforms, realized energy substance circulation and regenerated using; Alleviate mankind's activity greatly to environment and atmospheric destruction, can effectively change at present the short present situation of producing the global grain that the energy causes with food crop; Drying structure that the present invention adopts has improved pyrogenous speed of response greatly, and the smooth output combustible gas of ability, oil and charcoal, can be widely used in the processing of domestic refuse rubbish from cooking, medical waste, mud etc. from the angle of innoxious, resource utilization, minimizing.Waste treatment facility can be drawn close to the rubbish source, has practiced thrift the cost that rubbish is turned from side to side repeatedly greatly.
Description of drawings
Further explain below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment:
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a vertical drying tower structure synoptic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a porous panel turnover device synoptic diagram at the bottom of the case.
Embodiment
With reference to Fig. 1, the invention provides a kind of operating process and do not produce pollution, biomass carbonization device that the resource reutilization degree is high.
The technical scheme that the present invention is adopted for its technical problem of solution is:
A kind of biomass carbonization and drying unit is characterized in that the firing system 5, the water-freeing arrangement 6 of dry distillation reactor device, carbon cabinet 7, carbon emission pond 8, telechirics 9 compositions that comprise a vertical drying tower 1, dry distillation reactor device feeding unit 2, dry distillation reactor device 3, dry distillation reactor device collection and confinement of gases and utilize system 4, combustible gas.Vertical drying tower 1 links to each other with dry distillation reactor device feeding unit 2, and the feeding unit 2 of dry distillation reactor device is connected with dry distillation reactor device 3, and dry distillation reactor device 3 is collected with carbonizing gas respectively and is connected with the firing system of utilizing system 4, combustible gas 5, carbon cabinet.Carbonizing gas is collected and is utilized 4 one of systems to be connected with dry distillation reactor device 3; The other end is connected with the firing system 5 of combustible gas; Dry distillation reactor device collection and confinement of gases with utilize one of system 4 to be connected with dry distillation reactor device 3 with carbon cabinet 7 respectively; The other end is connected with the firing system 5 of combustible gas, and carbon cabinet 7 is with dry distillation reactor device 3, dry distillation reactor device collection and confinement of gases and utilize system 4 to be connected, and insert in the water in carbon emission pond 8 carbon cabinet bottom.
For the safety of retort process is carried out, this biomass carbonization device also is arranged on the reliever that dry distillation reactor device 3 inner chambers are communicated with, and dexterously reliever is become the drainage exhaust device of malleation.
For save energy the present invention will carry out with the heating, drying process in the oven dry internal box from the process of cooling of the hot gass such as combustible gas of destructive distillation reactor drum and carbon cabinet simultaneously, practiced thrift the energy greatly.
Carry out under anaerobic state in order to ensure destructive distillation, two the vertical drying towers and the two cover distillation systems of adjacent two cover destructive distillation and drying units can have control to communicate, and under the destructive distillation state, one overlap destructive distillation and drying unit cuts out the cat head opening for feed.
In addition, this device also comprises the various valves and the automation control system of the various instruments of observing running status, instrument, control running status as the one of which except various mentioned components.When the present invention works; Biomass in the rubbish that will obtain through classification are dried in the vertical drying tower earlier, and its water cut is dropped to below the 10%-15%; Get into dry distillation reactor device feeding unit 2 then; The thruster of dry distillation reactor device feeding unit 2 is hydraulic pusher or wormpropeller 21, has one cylindrically to cut somebody's hair 22 before the thruster, and heat-stable cylindrical cutting somebody's hair isolated hydraulic pusher and heating zone; To-and-fro movement before and after dependence is cut somebody's hair reaches the purpose of reactor feed, has controlled pyrogenous time and speed simultaneously.Material is sent in the dry distillation reactor device 3, and dry distillation reactor device 3 is in closed state.It in the dry distillation reactor device 3 oxygen-free environment; Under the baking of combustible gas, the Wood Adhesives from Biomass in the rubbish becomes oily combustible gas and carbon, and carbon species is delivered in the carbon cabinet 7; From the hot gass such as combustible gas of dry distillation reactor device and carbon cabinet through collection and confinement of gases with utilize system 4; Vertical collection tube 41, one horizontal collection house stewards 42 link to each other with interlayer 124 between drying baker internal box and the outer case and cool off, played the heating, drying of vertical drying tower internal box 121 internal layers simultaneously at refrigerative.Gas cooling feeds up-down gas storage holder 43 with the purification back by vacuum pump, and the combustible gas in the gas storage holder is supplied with the firing system 5 of combustible gas.It is that destructive distillation provides heat that the firing system 5 of combustible gas has the combustion gas ring and the combustion gas band of a plurality of gas kitchen ranges combinations, and initial stage can start with other fuel.
The water-freeing arrangement 6 of dry distillation reactor device comprises the carbonizing gas collection and utilizes the vertical collection tube 41 of system 4, below vertical collection tube 41, is provided with the pond.The water-freeing arrangement 6 of dry distillation reactor device is to utilize carbonizing gas to collect and utilize a vertical collection tube 41 of system 4, receives the moisture content of discharging in the retort process, and moisture content enters pond through a seal water system with water from collecting house steward below 41.
Carbon cabinet 7 is the casees that rectangle is vertical, and carbon emission pond 8 is inserted in the bottom.The interlayer 124 that the combustible gas that gets into the carbon cabinet leads to dry distillation reactor device collection and confinement of gases and utilizes vertical collection tube 41, one a horizontal collection house steward of system 4 that combustible gas is sent between drying baker drying baker internal box and the outer case cools off; Carbon stays for some time in the carbon cabinet, and its heat offers in drying baker 12 internal box through the interlayer between drying baker internal box and the outer case 124 and dries material.Enter carbon emission pond 8 after the preliminary cooling of carbon.
Carbon emission pond 8 is orthogonal normal temperature ponds 81, and a collection carbon slope 82 is arranged at its bottom, and it is darker that the carbon cabinet is lived in water seal, guarantees not contact with air in the carbon emission process, and the top, pond has a lifting appliance 83 that carbon is grabbed into carbon frame 84.
Telechirics 9 is formed by monitoring television, control computer with by SU.Distillation system is placed among the monitoring of industrial television set, assign instruction, carry out making the watch-keeping cubicle by SU away from the job site by computingmachine.
Embodiment of the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments, as long as it reaches technique effect of the present invention with essentially identical means, all should belong to protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. biomass carbonization and drying unit; Comprise a vertical drying tower (1) dry distillation reactor device feeding unit (2), dry distillation reactor device (3), dry distillation reactor device collection and confinement of gases and utilize firing system (5), the water-freeing arrangement (6) of dry distillation reactor device, carbon cabinet (7), carbon emission pond (8), the telechirics (9) of system (4), combustible gas; It is characterized in that vertical drying tower (1) links to each other with dry distillation reactor device feeding unit (2); The feeding unit of dry distillation reactor device (2) is connected with dry distillation reactor device (3); Dry distillation reactor device (3) is collected with carbonizing gas respectively and is connected with the firing system (5), the carbon cabinet that utilize system (4), combustible gas; Dry distillation reactor device collection and confinement of gases with utilize one of system (4) to be connected with the firing system (5) of carbon cabinet (7) and dry distillation reactor device (3) and combustible gas respectively; Carbon cabinet (7) is with dry distillation reactor device (3), dry distillation reactor device collection and confinement of gases and utilize system (4) to be connected, and insert in the water in carbon emission pond (8) carbon cabinet bottom.
2. biomass carbonization according to claim 1 and drying unit; It is characterized in that: vertical drying tower (1) by cat head feeding unit (11), one or more layers drying baker (12), drying baker internal box wall gutter (13), airtight water exhaust system (14), tower at the bottom of drawing mechanism (15), cat head oven dry material odor removal (16), cat head combustible gas purifying device (17) form; Cat head feeding unit (11) is provided with opening for feed and the synergetic removable e Foerderanlage of two covers; The rubbish of preparing oven dry is arranged in the drying baker; Drying baker (12) by internal box, outer case (122), case at the bottom of interlayer (124) between porous panel turnover device (123), drying baker internal box and the outer case form; The internal box wall is provided with gutter (13) and airtight water exhaust system; Outer arranging device is provided with the water seal closed cell, and vertical drying tower (1) bottom is provided with a plurality of hoppers, and mechanical arch breaking apparatus is arranged; The feeding unit of vertical drying tower (11) is connected with the chapelet of domestic refuse preprocessing system; The top of drying baker internal box is connected with vertical drying tower feeding unit (11), and the below of drying baker internal box is connected with drawing mechanism (15), and the interlayer between drying baker internal box and the outer case (124) is connected with the horizontally-arranged gas house steward (42) who utilizes system (4) with dry distillation reactor device collection and confinement of gases.
3. cat head oven dry material odor removal (16) is made up of cat head internal layer sealing cover, an induced draft fan and a foam deodorizer, and cat head combustible gas purifying device (17) is made up of the interlayer sealing cover between the cat head ectonexine and a foam purifying device, vacuum pump.
Biomass carbonization according to claim 1 and drying unit; It is characterized in that: dry distillation reactor device feeding unit (2); Form by cylindric pipeline, cylindrical the cutting somebody's hair of thruster; Thruster is hydraulic pusher or wormpropeller, and the thruster front end is provided with cylindrical cutting somebody's hair, and heat-stable cylindrical cutting somebody's hair isolated hydraulic pusher and heating zone; The cylindric pipeline of dry distillation reactor device feeding unit (2) links to each other with the cylindric pipeline of dry distillation reactor device, and cylindric pipeline upper shed links to each other with the hopper of drawing mechanism at the bottom of the tower.
4. described biomass carbonization according to claim 1 and drying unit; It is characterized in that: dry distillation reactor device (3) is made up of cylindric pipeline, reducing valve; The dry distillation reactor device is one cylindric; Its outside links to each other with the firing system (4) of combustible gas, and dry distillation reactor device one end links to each other with the pipeline of dry distillation reactor device feeding unit, and the other end links to each other with carbon cabinet (7); Dry distillation reactor device surface is provided with reducing valve; Water in the retort process is gentle to the discharge of decompression air valve, gets into the gas entering horizontal collection house steward (42) that the vertical collection tube of system (4) was collected and utilized to carbonizing gas, and water connects pyrogenous water-freeing arrangement (6) discharge through the below of vertical collection tube (41).
5. described biomass carbonization according to claim 1 and drying unit; It is characterized in that: system (4) is collected and utilized to carbonizing gas; Form by a vertical collection tube, horizontal interlayer (124), cat head combustible gas purifying device (a 17) up-down gas storage holder (43) of collecting between house steward, drying baker internal box and the outer case; Carbonizing gas cools off through a vertical collection tube (41), horizontal interlayer (a 124) cat head combustible gas purifying device (17) of collecting between house steward (42), drying baker internal box and the outer case and purifies, and gas cooling purifies the back and feeds up-down gas storage holder (43) by vacuum pump.
6. biomass carbonization according to claim 1 and drying unit is characterized in that: the firing system of combustible gas (5) is made up of combustion gas ring and combustion gas band (51), the guarantee fuel device (52) of a plurality of gas kitchen ranges combinations.
7. biomass carbonization according to claim 1 and drying unit is characterized in that: the water-freeing arrangement of dry distillation reactor device (6) comprises the carbonizing gas collection and utilizes system (4) to indulge collection tube (41), is provided with the pond in vertical collection tube (41) below.
8. biomass carbonization according to claim 1 and drying unit is characterized in that: carbon cabinet (7) is made up of cabinet, carbon apparatus for temporary storage, and carbon cabinet (7) bottom enters carbon emission pond (8) after being provided with the preliminary cooling of carbon emission pond (8) carbon.
9. biomass carbonization according to claim 1 and drying unit; It is characterized in that: carbon emission pond (8) are made up of an orthogonal normal temperature pond (81), collection carbon slope (82), a lifting appliance (83), a carbon frame (84); The carbon emission pond is an orthogonal normal temperature pond (81); A collection carbon slope (82) is arranged at its bottom, and the carbon cabinet is lived in water seal, and the top, pond has a lifting appliance (83) that carbon is grabbed into the carbon frame (84) that is placed on ground.
10. biomass carbonization according to claim 1 and drying unit is characterized in that: telechirics (9) is formed by monitoring television, control computer with by SU.
CN2012102920540A 2012-08-17 2012-08-17 Device for destructive distillation and drying of biomass Pending CN102776006A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014134982A1 (en) * 2013-03-08 2014-09-12 密西西比国际水务有限公司 Operation control system for sludge dry distillation equipment
CN104907319A (en) * 2015-06-26 2015-09-16 何勇 Garbage disposal device
CN104987871A (en) * 2015-06-17 2015-10-21 湖南冠威环境工程发展有限公司 Household garbage miniature continuous type self-heating movable horizontal dry distillation machine

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CN202054793U (en) * 2011-05-16 2011-11-30 陈模先 Regenerative biomass gasification device
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JPH04277072A (en) * 1991-03-06 1992-10-02 Toshiba Mach Co Ltd Method and apparatus for treating garbage
JP2003193060A (en) * 2001-12-27 2003-07-09 Miike Iron Works Co Ltd Waste carbonizing oven
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014134982A1 (en) * 2013-03-08 2014-09-12 密西西比国际水务有限公司 Operation control system for sludge dry distillation equipment
CN104987871A (en) * 2015-06-17 2015-10-21 湖南冠威环境工程发展有限公司 Household garbage miniature continuous type self-heating movable horizontal dry distillation machine
CN104907319A (en) * 2015-06-26 2015-09-16 何勇 Garbage disposal device

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Application publication date: 20121114