CN102603432A - Nitrogen fertilizer slow release synergist - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of nitrogen fertilizer slow release synergists, and in particular relates to a multifunctional slow release synergist for synergism of nitrogen fertilizers. The nitrogen fertilizer slow release synergist comprises dicyandiamide (DCD), thiourea, vitamin B, polyaspartic acid (PASP), fulvic acid, allantoin, salicylic acid, chitosan and an auxiliary material the weight part ratio of which is (10-20): (10-20): (5-10): (5-10): (20-30): (10-15): (3-5): (2-3): (35-50). When used, the nitrogen fertilizer slow release synergist is added to a common fertilizer and a compound fertilizer in a proportion to be mixed so as to prepare the multifunctional slow release fertilizer. The preparation method of the nitrogen fertilizer slow release synergist is convenient and simple, low in cost and wide and available in the raw materials; the fertilizer effect period of the nitrogen fertilizer or the compound fertilizer with the nitrogen fertilizer slow release synergist can be prolonged to 90-120 days, and the fertilizer utilization rate can be improved by 20-30%; and the nitrogen fertilizer slow release synergist has the effects of increasing yield and income, saving fertilizers, labor and resources, improving soils and protecting ecological environments.

Description

Nitrogen fertilizer slow release synergist

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of slow-release synergists for nitrogen fertilizers, in particular to a slow-release synergist for multifunctional synergistic nitrogen fertilizers, which is suitable for the field of agricultural and forestry production.

Background technique

At present, with the gradual growth of our country's population and the continuous improvement of living standards, agriculture is required to continuously increase production and improve product quality. However, my country is a large country in the production and use of chemical fertilizers. Traditional nitrogen fertilizers are prone to leaching and volatilization, so that nitrogen fertilizers have a short fertilizer effect period and low fertilizer utilization efficiency. A large number of tests have shown that the seasonal utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer in my country is only 25%-33%. A large amount of nitrogen fertilizer lost pollutes soil, groundwater and the atmosphere, thereby affecting people's lives, and also causing a huge waste of resources and an increase in agricultural costs. The fertilizer effect period of ordinary nitrogen fertilizer is only 30-50 days, and the fertilizer period of crops is generally 90-120 days. In order to alleviate and solve these contradictions and problems, we need to change the performance of the fertilizer itself, extend the validity period of the fertilizer, and promote the crops to the fertilizer. The effective use of fertilizers, thereby increasing the utilization rate of fertilizers.

There are three main types of existing slow-release synergistic fertilizers: one is coated, coated, and coated; the other is urea-formaldehyde, isobutylidene diurea, and oxamide; Synergist fertilizer. Due to many factors such as cost and technology, the first two types of slow-release fertilizers are rarely popularized and applied, and 80% of them belong to the slow-release fertilizers added with inhibitors or slow-release synergists.

To sum up, it is not difficult to see that prolonging the fertilizer effect period of fertilizers is of great benefit to agriculture. It can achieve one-time fertilization, avoid the process of top dressing, increase production, save fertilizer, and save labor; and improving the utilization rate of fertilizers is not only good for agriculture, especially for agriculture. The significance of the entire national economy is very important, so fertilizers with resource conservation, environmental friendliness, and low-carbon economy have become a major research topic for our country and even for all mankind.

Contents of the invention

For above-mentioned situation, in order to overcome the defective of prior art, the object of the present invention just is to provide a kind of slow-release synergist of nitrogen fertilizer, can effectively solve fertilizer utilization rate low, the serious problem of environmental pollution, and the technical scheme of its solution is, by following Parts by weight: 10-20 parts of dicyandiamide (DCD), 10-20 parts of thiourea, 5-10 parts of vitamin B, 5-10 parts of polyaspartic acid (PASP), 20-30 parts of fulvic acid , 10-15 parts of allantoin, 3-5 parts of salicylic acid, 2-3 parts of chitosan, 35-50 parts of auxiliary materials. The present invention replaces 200 times by weight of nitrogen fertilizer or compound fertilizer with a very small amount of substances with ultra-high fertilizer effect. Reduce the amount of fertilizer used, improve the utilization rate of fertilizer, and achieve the purpose of increasing production and income. At the same time, it can effectively reduce the harmful substances in the fertilizer and make it a green and environmentally friendly product. It has a significant synergistic effect on fertilizers, especially nitrogen fertilizers, improves the soil, protects the ecological environment, promotes the healthy growth of crops, and increases production and income. economic and social benefits.

Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a preparation method of nitrogen fertilizer slow-release synergist.

For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution of the present invention is: the preparation method of nitrogen fertilizer slow-release synergist, comprises the following steps successively:

Nitrogen fertilizer slow-release synergist, which is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: dicyandiamide (DCD): thiourea: vitamin B: polyaspartic acid (PASP): fulvic acid: allantoin: Salicylic acid: chitosan: auxiliary material = 10-20: 10-20: 5-10: 5-10: 20-30: 10-15: 3-5: 2-3: 35-50.

The auxiliary material is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: zeolite powder: bentonite: manganese mud: fly ash=2:1:0.5:1

The dicyandiamide can be replaced by pyridine, and the thiourea can be replaced by hydroquinone.

The invention organically combines the nitrification inhibitor dicyandiamide or pyridine with the urease inhibitor thiourea or hydroquinone to make them produce synergistic effect and exert greater inhibitory effect.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in combination with specific embodiments.

The specific implementation is as follows:

Nitrogen fertilizer slow-release synergist of the present invention, it is made of following raw material ratio by weight and number: dicyandiamide (DCD): thiourea: vitamin B: polyaspartic acid (PASP): fulvic acid: allantoin : salicylic acid: chitosan: excipients = 15:10:5:5:15:10:3:2:35.

Described auxiliary material has following raw material to form by weight and number ratio: zeolite powder: bentonite: manganese mud: fly ash=2: 1: 0.5: 1

The production process of the present invention is simple and easy to implement. Specifically, according to the above proportions, 20 kilograms of zeolite powder, 10 kilograms of humic acid, 5 kilograms of manganese mud, and 10 kilograms of fly ash are mixed and stirred evenly, and the prepared auxiliary materials are set aside.

Then take 15 kilograms of dicyandiamide, 10 kilograms of thiourea, 5 kilograms of vitamin B, 5 kilograms of polyaspartic acid (PASP), 15 kilograms of fulvic acid, 10 kilograms of allantoin, 3 kilograms of salicylic acid, shell 2 kg of polysaccharide, 35 kg of auxiliary materials, and then pulverized to 80 mesh, mixed according to the proportion, and stirred evenly. Then mix evenly according to the ratio of multifunctional slow-release fertilizer additive: compound fertilizer=5:95, and various multifunctional slow-release compound fertilizers, special fertilizers and BB fertilizers can be produced. When this kind of fertilizer is applied in agriculture, its fertilizer effect period can be extended to 90-120 days, and the utilization rate can be increased by 20-30%. It can achieve one-time fertilization, exempt topdressing, and can increase production by 10-20% under the same fertilization conditions. Under certain conditions, more than 20% of fertilizer can be saved.

The above-mentioned components of the present invention, wherein dicyandiamide or pyridine is a nitrification inhibitor, a nitrification inhibitor in a broad sense refers to any compound that can delay any step or several steps of the reaction chain in the nitrification process and can be called a nitrification inhibitor In the narrow sense, nitrification inhibitors refer to organic or inorganic compounds that can inhibit the activity of ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB), thereby inhibiting the oxidation of ammonium (NH ₃ ) to nitrite, that is, inhibit the activity of Nitrosomonas, thereby inhibiting nitrification The compound of the first step reaction (oxidation of ammonium nitrogen to nitrite nitrogen). Its mechanism of action is: by inhibiting the activity of microorganisms such as nitrosifying bacteria in the soil, blocking and inhibiting the oxidation of ammonium nitrogen (NH ₄ ⁺ ) to nitrate nitrogen (NO ₃ ^- ), so that nitrogen fertilizer can be converted into NH ₄ ⁺ for a long time. Keep in the soil, thereby reducing the leaching loss of NO ₃ ^- which cannot be preserved by the soil, and the possible loss of nitrous oxide (N ₂ O) caused by nitrification and denitrification, thereby improving the utilization of fertilizers rate, increase fertilizer efficiency.

The above-mentioned components of the present invention, wherein thiourea or hydroquinone is a urease inhibitor, and the urease inhibitor mainly inhibits the decomposition of urea. Urease is an enzyme that hydrolyzes urea in soil. When urea is applied to the soil, the following reactions occur:

H ₂ NCONH ₂ →NH ₂ COOH+NH ₃ →CO ₂ +2NH ₃ →←H ₂ CO ₃ +2NH ₃

The step from H ₂ NCONH ₂ →NH ₂ COOH is controlled by urease. It has been verified by experiments that the decomposition rate of urea reaches 98% within 15 days after it is applied to the soil. It can be seen that urease hydrolyzes urea very quickly. Urease inhibitors can inhibit the activity of urease, thereby slowing down the progress of the H ₂ NCONH ₂ →NH ₂ COOH step, reducing the hydrolysis rate of urea, and reducing the volatilization and nitrification of ammonium nitrogen.

The above-mentioned components of the present invention, wherein vitamin B, polyaspartic acid, fulvic acid, allantoin, salicylic acid, and chitosan all play a huge role in soil improvement and soil conditioning, and the organic combination of each component , promote each other, effectively promote the absorption of nutrients by plants, reduce the loss of nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and can adsorb, activate, and replace various mineral elements in the soil, such as calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, etc., and The effectiveness of these elements is greatly increased, thereby improving the nutritional regulation of crops, increasing the yield and quality of crops, and at the same time reducing agricultural production costs and reducing surface water and groundwater pollution caused by fertilizer loss.

The embodiments described above only illustrate the basic principles of the present invention, and those skilled in the art should know that the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned examples, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention and improved, so these changes and improvements should be required to fall within the scope of protection.

The unit of weight share in each technical solution of the present invention can be gram or kilogram (kilogram) or ton, also can be other units.

The product of the present invention organically combines dicyandiamide with thiourea or pyridine and hydroquinone, prolongs the fertilizer effect period of ammonium nitrogen fertilizer and amide nitrogen fertilizer, and the fertilizer effect period can be extended to 90 days to 120 days, and adds soil improvement and conditioning It promotes the absorption and utilization of various nutrient elements by crops.

Adding the nitrogen fertilizer or compound fertilizer of the product of the present invention can obviously improve the absorption and utilization of nitrogen by crops, increase the absorption of nutrient elements by plants, increase the absorption rate of nitrogen by more than 50%, increase the absorption rate of phosphorus by more than 5%, and increase the absorption rate of potassium by more than 5%. The absorption rate of the body is increased by more than 20%, and the absorption of trace elements is increased by about 30%.

Adding the nitrogen fertilizer or compound fertilizer of the product of the present invention can meet the needs of crops for nitrogen in the whole growing season in one fertilization, and achieve the goals of saving labor, saving time, reducing production costs and increasing production and income.

The product of the invention has simple preparation and operation, low production cost, environmental friendliness, environmental protection, wide range of materials, easy acquisition and easy realization. The raw materials used are all cheap, efficient, non-polluting, and have no residue in the soil, and truly realize the production of environmentally friendly nitrogen fertilizer slow-release synergists.

The nitrogen fertilizer or compound fertilizer added with the product of the present invention is suitable for various crops and soils, and has obvious effects of disease resistance, drought resistance, cold resistance, and lodging resistance on crops after being applied to the soil, and can effectively improve the ability of the soil to store nutrients. The use of nitrogen fertilizer or compound fertilizer added with the product of the invention can increase crop yield by 15-20%.

Claims (8)

1. Nitrogen fertilizer slow-release synergist is characterized in that it is composed of following raw materials in parts by weight: dicyandiamide (DCD): thiourea: vitamin B: polyaspartic acid (PASP): fulvic acid : Allantoin: Salicylic acid: Chitosan: Excipients = 10～20: 10～20: 5～10: 5～10: 20～30: 10～15: 3～5: 2～3: 35～50 . 2. slow release synergist for nitrogen fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that described auxiliary material is to be made of following raw material by weight ratio: zeolite powder: bentonite: manganese mud: fly ash=2: 1: 0.5:1. 3. The slow release synergist for nitrogen fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that said dicyandiamide can be replaced by pyridine. 4. The nitrogen fertilizer slow-release synergist according to claim 1, characterized in that said thiourea can be replaced by hydroquinone. 5. nitrogen fertilizer slow-release synergist according to claim 1 is characterized in that it is made of following raw material by weight ratio: dicyandiamide (DCD): thiourea: vitamin B: polyaspartic acid (PASP ): fulvic acid: allantoin: salicylic acid: chitosan: excipients = 15:10:5:5:15:10:3:2:35. 6. according to claim 1 and 3 and 4 described nitrogen fertilizer slow-release synergists, it is characterized in that it is made of following raw material by weight and number ratio: pyridine: hydroquinone: vitamin B: polyaspartic acid (PASP) : Fulvic acid: Allantoin: Salicylic acid: Chitosan: Excipients = 18:8:5:5:13:10:3:2:36. 7. according to claim 1 and 3 and 4 described nitrogen fertilizer slow-release synergists, it is characterized in that it is made of following raw material by weight ratio: dicyandiamide (DCD): hydroquinone: vitamin B: polyaspartic acid Amino acid (PASP): fulvic acid: allantoin: salicylic acid: chitosan: excipients = 20:5:5:5:20:10:3:2:30. 8. according to claim 1 and 3 and 4 described nitrogen fertilizer slow-release synergists, it is characterized in that it is made of following raw material by weight ratio: pyridine: thiourea: vitamin B: polyaspartic acid (PASP) : Fulvic acid: Allantoin: Salicylic acid: Chitosan: Excipients = 22:5:5:5:10:10:3:2:38.