CN102603412B - 一种桂花专用肥及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种桂花肥料，做基肥一次施入后，能够满足桂花整个生长期的基本营养需要，其中不仅含有基础营养元素，还包含了多种中、微量元素及植物生长调节剂，不仅使桂花在生长不同时期对于各种元素的需求均能够得到满足，还有利于促进其根部和叶部的生长发育。另外，配方中加入了杀菌剂，使肥料在施入的同时还具备了杀菌、杀虫及预防病虫害的作用，对于防治或减轻常见病虫害有较好的效果。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及肥料领域，具体涉及一种桂花专用肥及其制备方法。
背景技术
桂花（学名：Osmanthus fragrans），为温带树种，是我国著名花卉品种，具有重要观赏价值，亦是食品工业、香精工业、轻工业的重要原料。桂花集中在9~10月份开花，一般开花2~3次。栽培一般以无土栽培为主，分为基质栽培和水培。较之于水培，固体基质栽培初期投资少、技术要求低，广泛应用于桂花的栽培。固体栽培基质多以草炭、泥炭、锯木、细沙为主，该类基质往往由于矿质营养含量低、肥效短、元素间不平衡，造成桂花花期营养不足，出现缺素和花色质量差等问题，需及时多次的追施肥料或喷施速溶性肥料。不仅增加了花农的劳动量，而且肥料的利用率低，导致桂花的管理成本较高。因此研制和开发一种新型、高效、价廉、可生物降解的包膜桂花专用控释肥十分必要。
发明内容
本发明主要解决的技术问题是提供一种桂花的专用肥料，能够供给桂花日常所需的全部营养，延长花期，还能够有效防治日常病虫害。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明的目的是这样实现的：
一种桂花专用肥，其特征在于，由以下重量份的成分组成：
松针叶粉20-28份、干牛粪粉10-15份、干鸡粪粉11-13份、干羊粪粉9-14份、豆秸粉6-8份、玉米粉10-12份，菇渣8-14份，茶枯粉5-9份，磷酸一铵11-14份、过磷酸钙12-18份、氯化钾6-9份、硫酸锌0.1-0.2份、硫酸铜0.5-1份，硫酸锰0.3-0.6份，钼酸铵0.2-0.4份，硫酸亚铁0.5-0.8份，螯合铁0.5-1.5份，硼砂0.3份、沸石15份，白鲜皮7-10份，地锦5-8份，烟叶8-12份，板兰根4-7份，百部5-9份，大血藤8-10份，雷公藤9-12份，硫磺10-20份，多菌灵30-40份，红糖25-30份，凹凸棒土7-13份，油菜素内酯5份。
本发明通过如下步骤制备：
(1)按重量份数选取配方量的原料;
(2)将茶枯粉碎成10目左右的细碎粉末，将白鲜皮、地锦、烟叶、板兰根、百部、大血藤、雷公藤混合物切割成粒径1-2cm的碎块；
(3)将松针叶粉、干牛粪、干鸡粪、干羊粪、豆秸粉、玉米粉、菇渣、凹凸棒土混合、拌匀，用尿素调节C/N比为25:1；再将调节后的混合物在发酵池中堆置湿料发酵，发酵堆底宽3米，高度1.5米，上覆保湿保温材料，混合物的发酵温度为40℃，含水量在60%，经过60小时后，当堆内中心温度达到超过65℃时第一次翻堆，并每隔20-24小时翻堆一次，经过1-2次翻堆后，发酵结束；
(4)将步骤(3)制得的发酵产物与磷酸一铵、过磷酸钙、氯化钾、硫酸锌、硫酸铜、硫酸锰、钼酸铵、硫酸亚铁、螯合铁、硼砂、沸石混合，拌匀；
(5)在步骤(4)所得的混合物中加入粉碎后的白鲜皮、地锦、烟叶、板兰根、百部、大血藤、雷公藤粉末，并与多菌灵、油菜素内酯、硫磺、红糖一起混合均匀。
(6)将步骤(5)所得混合物晾干、成粒后得到本发明的营养复合肥。
本发明的有益效果是：本发明所提供的桂花营养肥料做基肥一次施入后，能够满足桂花整个生长期的基本营养需要，其中不仅含有基础营养元素，还包含了多种中、微量元素及植物生长调节剂，不仅使桂花在生长不同时期对于各种元素的需求均能够得到满足，还有利于促进其根部和叶部的生长发育。另外，配方中加入了杀菌剂，使肥料在施入的同时还具备了杀菌、杀虫及预防病虫害的作用，对于防治或减轻常见病虫害有较好的效果。同时，本发明中采用凹凸棒土作为农业肥料的添加助剂，以其特有的物理性能，能促进植物的新陈代谢，提高营养物质转化率；在肥料生产中加入适量凹凸棒土不仅可以提高肥料的成粒率，而且颗粒强度高，不结块、不返潮，可提高复合肥产量，降低成本，减少环境污染，改善肥料物理性状。
施用本发明肥料后的桂花开花繁茂、色彩艳丽、病虫害少，生长发育的速度快，具备更高的观赏价值。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明的较佳实施例进行详细阐述，以使本发明的优点和特征能更易于被本领域技术人员理解，从而对本发明的保护范围做出更为清楚明确的界定。
本发明实施例包括：
一种桂花专用肥，其特征在于，由以下重量份的成分组成：
松针叶粉20-28份、干牛粪粉10-15份、干鸡粪粉11-13份、干羊粪粉9-14份、豆秸粉6-8份、玉米粉10-12份，菇渣8-14份，茶枯粉5-9份，磷酸一铵11-14份、过磷酸钙12-18份、氯化钾6-9份、硫酸锌0.1-0.2份、硫酸铜0.5-1份，硫酸锰0.3-0.6份，钼酸铵0.2-0.4份，硫酸亚铁0.5-0.8份，螯合铁0.5-1.5份，硼砂0.3份、沸石15份，白鲜皮7-10份，地锦5-8份，烟叶8-12份，板兰根4-7份，百部5-9份，大血藤8-10份，雷公藤9-12份，硫磺10-20份，多菌灵30-40份，红糖25-30份，凹凸棒土7-13份，油菜素内酯5份。
本发明通过如下步骤制备：
(1)按重量份数选取配方量的原料;
(2)将茶枯粉碎成10目左右的细碎粉末，将白鲜皮、地锦、烟叶、板兰根、百部、大血藤、雷公藤混合物切割成粒径1-2cm的碎块；
(3)将松针叶粉、干牛粪、干鸡粪、干羊粪、豆秸粉、玉米粉、菇渣、凹凸棒土混合、拌匀，用尿素调节C/N比为25:1；再将调节后的混合物在发酵池中堆置湿料发酵，发酵堆底宽3米，高度1.5米，上覆保湿保温材料，混合物的发酵温度为40℃，含水量在60%，经过60小时后，当堆内中心温度达到超过65℃时第一次翻堆，并每隔20-24小时翻堆一次，经过1-2次翻堆后，发酵结束；
(4)将步骤(3)制得的发酵产物与磷酸一铵、过磷酸钙、氯化钾、硫酸锌、硫酸铜、硫酸锰、钼酸铵、硫酸亚铁、螯合铁、硼砂、沸石混合，拌匀；
(5)在步骤(4)所得的混合物中加入粉碎后的白鲜皮、地锦、烟叶、板兰根、百部、大血藤、雷公藤粉末，并与多菌灵、油菜素内酯、硫磺、红糖一起混合均匀。
(6)将步骤(5)所得混合物晾干、成粒后得到本发明的营养复合肥。
以上所述仅为本发明的实施例，并非因此限制本发明的专利范围，凡是利用本发明说明书内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换，或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。
Claims (1)
1.一种桂花专用肥，其特征在于，由以下重量份的成分组成：
松针叶粉20-28份、干牛粪粉10-15份、干鸡粪粉11-13份、干羊粪粉9-14份、豆秸粉6-8份、玉米粉10-12份，菇渣8-14份，茶枯粉5-9份，磷酸一铵11-14份、过磷酸钙12-18份、氯化钾6-9份、硫酸锌0.1-0.2份、硫酸铜0.5-1份，硫酸锰0.3-0.6份，钼酸铵0.2-0.4份，硫酸亚铁0.5-0.8份，螯合铁0.5-1.5份，硼砂0.3份、沸石15份，白鲜皮7-10份，地锦5-8份，烟叶8-12份，板兰根4-7份，百部5-9份，大血藤8-10份，雷公藤9-12份，硫磺10-20份，多菌灵30-40份，红糖25-30份，凹凸棒土7-13份，油菜素内酯5份；所述的桂花专用肥的制备方法，其特征在于由以下步骤组成：
(1)按重量份数选取配方量的原料;
(2)将茶枯粉碎成10目左右的细碎粉末，将白鲜皮、地锦、烟叶、板兰根、百部、大血藤、雷公藤混合物切割成粒径1-2cm的碎块；
(3)将松针叶粉、干牛粪、干鸡粪、干羊粪、豆秸粉、玉米粉、菇渣、凹凸棒土混合、拌匀，用尿素调节C/N比为25:1；再将调节后的混合物在发酵池中堆置湿料发酵，发酵堆底宽3米，高度1.5米，上覆保湿保温材料，混合物的发酵温度为40℃，含水量在60%，经过60小时后，当堆内中心温度达到超过65℃时第一次翻堆，并每隔20-24小时翻堆一次，经过1-2次翻堆后，发酵结束；
(4)将步骤(3)制得的发酵产物与磷酸一铵、过磷酸钙、氯化钾、硫酸锌、硫酸铜、硫酸锰、钼酸铵、硫酸亚铁、螯合铁、硼砂、沸石混合，拌匀；
(5)在步骤(4)所得的混合物中加入粉碎后的白鲜皮、地锦、烟叶、板兰根、百部、大血藤、雷公藤粉末，并与多菌灵、油菜素内酯、硫磺、红糖一起混合均匀；(6)将步骤(5)所得混合物晾干、成粒后得到本发明的营养复合肥。
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| CN106365711A (zh) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-01 | 罗城仫佬族自治县宝玉制丝有限责任公司 | 一种用于菠菜种植的有机肥 |
| CN106396967A (zh) * | 2016-09-22 | 2017-02-15 | 程世忠 | 一种桂花扦插苗专用肥 |
| CN106467436A (zh) * | 2016-09-22 | 2017-03-01 | 程世忠 | 一种高树龄桂花肥料 |
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