CN102609783A

CN102609783A - Construction optimizing and operating method of automatic fixed-point picking-up system of logistics express

Info

Publication number: CN102609783A
Application number: CN2012100066423A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 毛海军; 覃运梅
Original assignee: Southeast University
Current assignee: Southeast University
Priority date: 2012-01-11
Filing date: 2012-01-11
Publication date: 2012-07-25

Abstract

The invention discloses a construction optimization and operation method of a fixed-point automatic pick-up system for logistics and express delivery. According to the geographical location, demand and related logistics costs of urban express delivery customer demand points, the generation includes the pick-up machine layout, customer demand point attribution and express delivery. Systematic optimization scheme for delivery routes. When the system is running, the distribution center classifies the express mail according to the service scope of the automatic pick-up machine to which it belongs, and the dispatcher dispatches it according to the optimized distribution route plan, and sends the pick-up information to the customer at the same time. After the customer picks up the express mail, the pick-up machine will feed the information back to the distribution center to complete the entire express delivery task. Otherwise, the customer will be contacted by a manual call to pick up the parcel. Through the operation of the system, it can effectively solve the problem of time and space connection between the dispatcher and the picker during the express delivery process, reduce the cost of express delivery, improve the overall efficiency, and realize the low-carbon and green logistics express.

Description

Construction optimization and operation method of fixed-point automatic pick-up system for logistics express

技术领域 technical field

本发明涉及一种物流快递定点自动取件系统的构建优化及运行方法，构建优化方法能够根据城市快递客户需求点的地理位置、需求量及相关物流成本，生成包括取件机布局、客户需求点归属划分和快递配送路线的系统优化方案；通过运行方法，有效解决快递配送过程中派送员与取件人的时间与空间的对接问题，降低快递派送成本，属于物流快递配送领域。The invention relates to a construction optimization and operation method of a fixed-point automatic pick-up system for logistics express delivery. The construction optimization method can generate a system including the layout of pick-up machines and customer demand points according to the geographical location, demand and related logistics costs of urban express customer demand points. The system optimization scheme of attribution division and express delivery route; through the operation method, it can effectively solve the problem of time and space connection between the dispatcher and the picker in the express delivery process, and reduce the cost of express delivery, which belongs to the field of logistics express delivery.

背景技术 Background technique

目前，物流快递配送模式基本上都是当快件到达目的城市配送中心后，派件员把快件送至其所负责区域的客户家门口，客户收到通知后在家等候快递送达，遇到客户不在家的情况则需把快件带回去，第二天重新派送。近期物流快递量的大幅度增长导致快递服务水平降低，致使物流快递行业着力于提高快递服务效率，普遍的做法是增加投入人力、物力等资源，或者增加劳动强度等，使快递服务质量得到一定程度的提高，但并未从根本上解决问题。At present, the logistics express delivery mode is basically that when the express delivery arrives at the distribution center of the destination city, the courier delivers the express to the door of the customer in the area he is responsible for, and the customer waits for the delivery at home after receiving the notification. If you are at home, you need to take the express back home and re-deliver it the next day. The recent substantial increase in the volume of logistics and express delivery has led to a decrease in the level of express delivery services, which has led the logistics and express delivery industry to focus on improving the efficiency of express delivery services. The common practice is to increase the input of resources such as manpower and material resources, or increase labor intensity, etc., so that the quality of express delivery services can be improved to a certain extent. improvement, but did not fundamentally solve the problem.

发明内容 Contents of the invention

发明目的：经发明人研究发现，造成物流快递服务效果不理想的主要原因是交接快件的时间和地点的对接约束以及配送模式的缺陷，从而使物流快递不能大幅度提高配送效率。若能够固定快递的交接地点而分离交接时间，优化系统运行方法，则可以使物流快递的服务效率得到实质性的提高。因此，本发明提供一种物流快递定点自动取件系统的构建优化及运行方法。Purpose of the invention: The inventor found that the main reason for the unsatisfactory effect of logistics express service is the docking constraints of the time and place of handing over the express delivery and the defect of the distribution mode, so that the logistics express delivery cannot greatly improve the delivery efficiency. If the delivery location of express delivery can be fixed and the delivery time can be separated, and the system operation method can be optimized, the service efficiency of logistics express delivery can be substantially improved. Therefore, the present invention provides a construction optimization and operation method of a fixed-point automatic pick-up system for logistics express delivery.

物流快递定点自动取件系统的构建优化方法通过在快递客户需求点附近定点布设自动取件机，派件员把快件送到取件机后离开，客户收到信息通知后到取件机自助提取快件。利用取件机取件不仅能够减少客户在家等候快件的等待时间及其带来的麻烦，而且可以降低配送成本、提高效率、节约资源。The construction optimization method of the fixed-point automatic pick-up system for logistics and express delivery is to arrange automatic pick-up machines at fixed points near the express customer demand point. The dispatcher sends the express to the pick-up machine and leaves. Express. Using the pick-up machine to pick up the pieces can not only reduce the waiting time and troubles caused by customers waiting for the express at home, but also reduce the delivery cost, improve efficiency, and save resources.

技术方案：一种物流快递定点自动取件系统的构建优化方法，针对快递客户需求点的分布、需求量及相关建设、配送、取件成本等因素，通过优化生成系统优化方案，其具体包括如下步骤：Technical solution: A construction optimization method for a fixed-point automatic pick-up system for logistics and express delivery. Aiming at the distribution of express customer demand points, demand, and related construction, delivery, and pick-up costs, etc., the system optimization plan is generated through optimization, which specifically includes the following step:

1)采集城市快递客户需求点的地理位置数据、需求服务量数据、客户取件单位成本、快递派送成本等数据。其中，客户需求点的地理位置数据可根据城市地图信息获取，需求服务量数据则根据快递公司的历史统计数据进行整理分析得到，客户取件单位成本、快递派送成本则根据城市工资水平、消费水平及运输消耗成本等进行换算而得。1) Collect geographical location data of urban express customer demand points, demand service volume data, customer pick-up unit cost, express delivery cost and other data. Among them, the geographical location data of customer demand points can be obtained based on city map information, and the demanded service volume data can be obtained through collation and analysis based on the historical statistical data of express companies. and transportation consumption costs etc. are converted.

基本数据及参数包括：客户需求点总数N，派件员总数M，布设一个自动取件机的成本C₀，客户提取快件的单位成本C₁，派件员派送快件的单位成本C₂，客户所在地与自动取件机两点间的距离l_ij，客户取件最大容许距离L，自动取件机最大容量V，派件员每车次派送最大件数W；所述客户所在地与自动取件机两点间的距离l_ij根据两点的坐标(x_i，y_i)和(x_j，y_j)计算得到The basic data and parameters include: the total number of customer demand points N, the total number of dispatchers M, the cost of setting up an automatic pick-up machine C ₀ , the unit cost C ₁ for customers to pick up the express mail, the unit cost C ₂ for the dispatcher to deliver the express mail, and the customer The distance l _ij between the location and the two points of the automatic pick-up machine, the maximum allowable distance L for the customer to pick up pieces, the maximum capacity of the automatic pick-up machine V, the maximum number of pieces delivered by the dispatcher per car trip W; The distance l _ij between points is calculated according to the coordinates (x _i , y _i ) and (x _j , y _j ) of the two points

${l l}_{ij ij} = = \sqrt{{(({x x}_{i i} - - {x x}_{j j}))}^{22} + + {(({y the y}_{i i} - - {y the y}_{j j}))}^{22}};;$

基本0-1变量包括：X_j＝1表示在需求点j布设取件机，否则为0；Y_ij＝1表示需求点i由取件机j服务，否则为0；Z_kj＝1表示派件员k为取件机j派送快件，否则为0；δ_kij＝1表示派件员k为派送快件时经过路段(i，j)，否则为0；The basic 0-1 variables include: X _j = 1 means that the picker is deployed at the demand point j, otherwise it is 0; Y _ij = 1 means that the demand point i is served by the picker j, otherwise it is 0; Z _kj = 1 means the delivery Delivery member k delivers the express for pick-up machine j, otherwise it is 0; δ _kij = 1 indicates that delivery member k passes through the road section (i, j) when delivering the express, otherwise it is 0;

2)物流快递定点自动取件系统优化目标函数生成方法：根据布设一个自动取件机的成本C₀、客户提取快件的单位成本C₁、派件员派送快件的单位成本C₂及任意客户所在地与自动取件机两点间的距离l_ij，生成物流快递定点自动取件系统总成本最小的优化目标函数Z：2) The optimization objective function generation method of the fixed-point automatic pick-up system of logistics express: according to the cost C ₀ of setting up an automatic pick-up machine, the unit cost C ₁ of the customer picking up the express mail, the unit cost C ₂ of the courier delivering the express mail and the location of any customer The distance l _ij between two points and the automatic pickup machine generates the optimization objective function Z that minimizes the total cost of the logistics express fixed-point automatic pickup system:

$Z Z = = min min [[{Σ Σ}_{j j = = 11}^{N N} {C C}_{00} {X x}_{j j} + + {Σ Σ}_{i i = = 11}^{N N} {Σ Σ}_{j j = = 11}^{N N} {C C}_{11} {Y Y}_{ij ij} {l l}_{ij ij} + + {Σ Σ}_{k k = = 11}^{M m} {Σ Σ}_{i i = = 11}^{N N} {Σ Σ}_{j j = = 11}^{N N} {C C}_{22} {Z Z}_{kj kj} {l l}_{ij ij}]];;$

其中，是自动取件机布局建设的成本、

是客户取件的成本、

是派件员派送快件至取件机的成本。in, is the cost of automatic picker layout construction,

is the cost of customer pickup,

It is the cost for the courier to send the express to the pick-up machine.

3)客户取件最大容许距离约束条件的生成方法，根据变量Y_ij、参数l_ij和L建立约束条件：3) The generation method of the maximum allowable distance constraint condition for customer pick-up, the constraint condition is established according to the variable Y _ij , parameters l _ij and L:

max{Y_ijl_ij}≤Lmax{Y _ij l _ij }≤L

4)自动取件机最大服务量约束条件的生成方法，根据变量Y_ij、参数d_i和V建立约束条件：4) The generation method of the maximum service volume constraints of the automatic picker, the constraints are established according to the variable Y _ij , parameters d _i and V:

${Σ Σ}_{i i = = 11}^{N N} {Y Y}_{ij ij} {d d}_{i i} \leq \leq V V,, &ForAll; &ForAll; j j$

5)派件员每车次派送最大件数约束条件的生成方法，根据变量Y_ij和δ_kj，参数d_i和W建立约束条件：5) The generation method of the constraint condition of the maximum number of pieces dispatched by the dispatcher per train, according to the variables Y _ij and δ _kj , and the parameters d _i and W to establish the constraint conditions:

${Σ Σ}_{j j = = 11}^{N N} {Σ Σ}_{i i = = 11}^{N N} (({Y Y}_{ij ij} {d d}_{i i})) {δ δ}_{kj kj} \leq \leq W W,, &ForAll; &ForAll; k k$

6)派件员派送线路约束条件的生成方法，根据变量Z _kj和δ_kij，建立表示派件员k只经过所服务取件机的线路唯一性的约束条件：6) The generation method of the delivery line constraints of the dispatcher, according to the variables Z _kj and δ _kij , establishes the constraint condition that expresses the uniqueness of the route that the dispatcher k only passes through the pick-up machine served:

${Σ Σ}_{i i = = 00}^{N N} {δ δ}_{kij kij} = = {Z Z}_{kj kj},, &ForAll; &ForAll; k k,, j j$

${Σ Σ}_{j j = = 00}^{N N} {δ δ}_{kij kij} = = {Z Z}_{ki the ki},, &ForAll; &ForAll; k k,, i i$

7)物流快递定点自动取件系统寻优方法，根据已建立的物流快递定点自动取件系统优化目标函数、客户取件最大容许距离的约束条件、自动取件机最大服务量的约束条件、派件员每车次派送最大件数的约束条件及派件员派送线路的约束条件，通过聚类分析和动态规划相结合的算法求出自动取件机的选址地点、取件机所服务的客户需求点和派件员的派送路线方案。7) The optimization method of the fixed-point automatic pick-up system of logistics express, based on the established objective function of the fixed-point automatic pick-up system of logistics express, the constraint conditions of the maximum allowable distance for customer pick-up, the constraint conditions of the maximum service volume of the automatic pick-up machine, the dispatch The constraint conditions of the maximum number of pieces delivered by the courier per train and the constraints of the delivery route of the courier, and the location of the automatic pick-up machine and the customer needs served by the pick-up machine are calculated by the algorithm combined with cluster analysis and dynamic programming Delivery route scheme for points and couriers.

构建物流快递定点自动取件系统，构建系统包括：布局建设城市物流快递定点自动取件机，把客户需求点划入自动取件机的服务范围，生成派件员派送快件至各个取件机的派送方案。Construct a fixed-point automatic pick-up system for logistics and express delivery. The construction system includes: layout and construction of fixed-point automatic pick-up machines for urban logistics express, include customer demand points into the service scope of automatic pick-up machines, and generate delivery schedules for dispatchers to send express items to each pick-up machine Delivery plan.

物流快递定点自动取件系统运行方法，当有快递到达目的城市时，配送中心把快件按照其所属的自动取件机服务范围进行分类，再根据派件员服务的取件机分组把快件分给相应的派件员，按照派送线路方案进行派送，同时给客户发送信息，告知客户快件送达取件机的时间、地址及涉及的费用等。当客户提取快件后，取件机把信息反馈配送中心，完成整个快递配送任务。若配送中心第二天仍没有收到反馈信息，则通过人工呼叫联系客户取件，若连续三天无法联系取件人，则把快件从取件机送回配送中心，发往寄件原地，结束派送任务。The operation method of the fixed-point automatic pick-up system for logistics and express delivery. When a courier arrives at the destination city, the distribution center classifies the express according to the service scope of the automatic pick-up machine to which it belongs, and then divides the express into groups according to the pick-up machines served by the dispatcher. The corresponding delivery personnel will deliver according to the delivery route plan, and at the same time send information to the customer, informing the customer of the time, address and costs involved when the express delivery arrives at the pick-up machine. When the customer picks up the express mail, the pick-up machine feeds the information back to the distribution center to complete the entire express delivery task. If the distribution center still does not receive feedback on the next day, it will contact the customer to pick up the package through a manual call. If the pick-up person cannot be contacted for three consecutive days, the package will be sent back to the distribution center from the pick-up machine and sent to the place where it was sent. , end the delivery task.

有益效果：与现有技术相比，本发明所提供的物流快递定点自动取件系统的构建优化方法，具有如下优点：Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the construction and optimization method of the fixed-point automatic pick-up system for logistics express delivery provided by the present invention has the following advantages:

1.本发明方法在城市需求网点布设快递定点自动取件机，派件员把快件送到自动取件机并通知客户到指定取件机进行自助取件，避开了目前快递配送服务过程中由于面对面交接快件而必须解决的时间和空间的对接问题，消除了派件员和取件人的相互等候或催赶，有效提高配送效率。1. The method of the present invention arranges express delivery fixed-point automatic pick-up machines at urban demand outlets, and the dispatcher sends the express mail to the automatic pick-up machine and notifies the customer to pick up the pieces by himself at the designated pick-up machine, avoiding the current express delivery service process Due to the face-to-face handover of express mail, the docking problem of time and space must be solved, which eliminates the mutual waiting or rushing of the dispatcher and the picker, and effectively improves the delivery efficiency.

2.本发明方法生成的配送方案使定点自动取件机覆盖合适的需求点，使取件人取件的综合成本最低；派件员按照优化的线路派送快件，有助于降低配送成本。系统的运行使包括取件机的建设成本、取件人的取件成本和派件员的配送成本构成的系统总成本达到最低，减少因低效配送而产生的额外交通，降低资源消耗，减少不必要的时间消耗，提高效率，实现物流快递配送的低碳化、绿色化。2. The distribution plan generated by the method of the present invention enables the fixed-point automatic pick-up machine to cover suitable demand points, so that the overall cost of picking up the pick-up person is the lowest; the dispatcher dispatches the express mail according to the optimized route, which helps to reduce the distribution cost. The operation of the system minimizes the total system cost including the construction cost of the pickup machine, the pick-up cost of the picker and the distribution cost of the dispatcher, reduces the extra traffic caused by inefficient distribution, reduces resource consumption, and reduces Unnecessary time consumption, improve efficiency, and realize low-carbon and green logistics and express delivery.

附图说明 Description of drawings

图1为本发明实施例中物流快递定点自动取件系统内部结构关系图；Fig. 1 is the internal structural relationship diagram of the fixed-point automatic pick-up system of logistics express delivery in the embodiment of the present invention;

图2为本发明实施例的运行流程图；Fig. 2 is the operation flowchart of the embodiment of the present invention;

图3为本发明实施例的优化方案结果示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the results of the optimization scheme of the embodiment of the present invention.

具体实施方式 Detailed ways

下面结合附图和具体实施例，进一步阐明本发明，应理解这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围，在阅读了本发明之后，本领域技术人员对本发明的各种等价形式的修改均落于本申请所附权利要求所限定的范围。Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment, further illustrate the present invention, should be understood that these embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, after having read the present invention, those skilled in the art will understand various aspects of the present invention Modifications in equivalent forms all fall within the scope defined by the appended claims of this application.

如图1-2所示，物流快递定点自动取件系统的构建优化方法如下：As shown in Figure 1-2, the construction optimization method of the fixed-point automatic pick-up system for logistics express is as follows:

1)对某城市一个区域的快递配送构建优化模拟系统，区域内共有需求点个数N＝30，派件员(车)总数M＝4，布设一个自动取件机的成本C0＝50000，客户提取快件的单位成本C1＝0.8，派件员派送快件的单位成本C2＝2.5，客户取件最大容许距离L＝6.0，自动取件机最大容量V＝150，派件员每车次派送最大件数W＝400。1) Construct an optimized simulation system for express delivery in a region of a certain city. The total number of demand points in the region is N=30, the total number of dispatchers (vehicles) is M=4, and the cost of setting up an automatic pick-up machine is C0=50,000. The unit cost of picking up the express mail is C1=0.8, the unit cost of the courier delivering the express mail is C2=2.5, the maximum allowable distance for the customer to pick up the parcel is L=6.0, the maximum capacity of the automatic picker is V=150, and the maximum number of pieces delivered by the dispatcher per vehicle is W =400.

区域内的配送中心坐标位置为(0，0)，客户需求点的地理位置坐标及快件量如表1所示，两点间的距离l_ij由表1数据计算获得。The coordinate position of the distribution center in the area is (0, 0), the geographical coordinates of the customer demand point and the express volume are shown in Table 1, and the distance l _ij between the two points is calculated from the data in Table 1.

表1客户需求点的地理位置坐标及快件量Table 1 Geographical coordinates and shipment volume of customer demand points

其中，

是自动取件机布局建设的成本、

是客户取件的成本、

是派件员派送快件至取件机的成本。in,

is the cost of automatic picker layout construction,

is the cost of customer pickup,

It is the cost for the courier to send the express to the pick-up machine.

3)用客户取件最大容许距离约束条件的生成方法建立客户取件最大容许距离约束条件：3) Use the generation method of the maximum allowable distance constraint condition for customer pickup to establish the maximum allowable distance constraint condition for customer pickup:

max{Y_ijl_ij}≤Lmax{Y _ij l _ij }≤L

4)用自动取件机最大服务量约束条件的生成方法建立取件机最大服务量约束条件：4) Use the generation method of the maximum service volume constraint of the automatic picker to establish the maximum service volume constraint of the picker:

5)用派件员每车次派送最大件数约束条件的生成方法建立件员每车次派送最大件数约束条件：5) Use the generation method of the maximum number of pieces to be dispatched by the dispatcher per train to establish the maximum number of pieces to be dispatched by the dispatcher per train:

6)用派件员派送线路约束条件的生成方法建立表示派件员k只经过所服务取件机的线路唯一性的约束条件： $Σ_{i = 0}^{N} δ_{kij} = Z_{kj}, &ForAll; k, j$ 和 $Σ_{j = 0}^{N} δ_{kij} = Z_{ki}, &ForAll; k, i .$ 6) Use the generation method of the dispatcher's delivery line constraint condition to establish the constraint condition that expresses the uniqueness of the route that the dispatcher k only passes through the service pick-up machine: $Σ_{i = 0}^{N} δ_{kij} = Z_{kj}, &ForAll; k, j$ and $Σ_{j = 0}^{N} δ_{kij} = Z_{the ki}, &ForAll; k, i .$

7)物流快递定点自动取件系统寻优方法，根据已建立的物流快递定点自动取件系统优化目标函数、客户取件最大容许距离的约束条件、自动取件机最大服务量的约束条件、派件员每车次派送最大件数的约束条件及派件员派送线路的约束条件，通过聚类分析和动态规划相结合的算法求出自动取件机的选址地点、取件机所服务的客户需求点和派件员的派送路线方案。得到系统优化方案如表2所示。7) The optimization method of the fixed-point automatic pick-up system of logistics express, based on the established objective function of the fixed-point automatic pick-up system of logistics express, the constraint conditions of the maximum allowable distance for customer pick-up, the constraint conditions of the maximum service volume of the automatic pick-up machine, the dispatch The constraint conditions of the maximum number of pieces delivered by the courier per train and the constraints of the delivery route of the courier, and the location of the automatic pick-up machine and the customer needs served by the pick-up machine are calculated by the algorithm combined with cluster analysis and dynamic programming Delivery route scheme for points and couriers. The optimization scheme of the system is shown in Table 2.

表2系统优化方案Table 2 System optimization scheme

优化方案结果示意图如图3所示，图中坐标原点表示配送中心，菱形表示客户需求点的坐标位置。优化方案中，分别在需求点4、8、11、16、21、26、27布设7个取件机，图中用三角形表示，取件机所服务的需求点用虚线连接，派件员配送路线用实线表示，共调用3个派件员进行快件配送，4号派件员不需要执行配送任务。The schematic diagram of the optimization scheme results is shown in Figure 3. The coordinate origin in the figure represents the distribution center, and the rhombus represents the coordinate position of the customer demand point. In the optimization scheme, 7 pickup machines are deployed at demand points 4, 8, 11, 16, 21, 26, and 27 respectively, which are represented by triangles in the figure, and the demand points served by the pickup machines are connected by dotted lines, and the dispatchers deliver The route is represented by a solid line. A total of 3 couriers are called to deliver the express, and the No. 4 courier does not need to perform the delivery task.

系统内部结构关系如图1所示，图中实线表示实体流，虚线表示信息流。系统执行快件配送过程按照图2所示流程进行，当有快递到达目的城市时，配送中心把快件按照其所属的自动取件机服务范围进行分类，再根据派件员服务的取件机分组把快件分给相应的派件员，按照派送线路方案进行派送，同时给客户发送信息，告知客户快件送达取件机的时间、地址及涉及的费用等。当客户提取快件后，取件机把信息反馈配送中心，完成整个快递配送任务。若配送中心第二天仍没有收到反馈信息，则通过人工呼叫联系客户取件，若连续三天无法联系取件人，则把快件从取件机送回配送中心，发往寄件原地，结束派送任务。The internal structure relationship of the system is shown in Figure 1. The solid line in the figure represents the entity flow, and the dotted line represents the information flow. The system executes the express delivery process according to the process shown in Figure 2. When a express arrives at the destination city, the distribution center classifies the express according to the service scope of the automatic pick-up machine to which it belongs, and then divides the express into groups according to the pick-up machines served by the dispatcher. The express is distributed to the corresponding courier, and the delivery is carried out according to the delivery route plan. At the same time, a message is sent to the customer to inform the customer of the time, address and cost involved in the delivery of the express to the pick-up machine. When the customer picks up the express mail, the pick-up machine feeds the information back to the distribution center to complete the entire express delivery task. If the distribution center still does not receive feedback on the next day, it will contact the customer to pick up the package through a manual call. If the pick-up person cannot be contacted for three consecutive days, the package will be sent back to the distribution center from the pick-up machine and sent to the place where it was sent. , end the delivery task.

Claims

1. A construction optimization method of a fixed-point automatic pick-up system for logistics and express delivery, characterized in that, specifically comprising the steps:

1) Collect geographical location data, demand service volume data, customer pick-up unit cost, and express delivery cost data of urban express customer demand points;

in,

The basic data and parameters include: the total number of customer demand points N, the total number of dispatchers M, the cost of setting up an automatic pick-up machine C ₀ , the unit cost C ₁ for customers to pick up the express mail, the unit cost C ₂ for the dispatcher to deliver the express mail, and the customer The distance l _ij between the location and the two points of the automatic pick-up machine, the maximum allowable distance L for the customer to pick up pieces, the maximum capacity of the automatic pick-up machine V, the maximum number of pieces delivered by the dispatcher per car trip W; The distance I _ij between points is calculated according to the coordinates (x _i , y _i ) and (x _j , y _j ) of the two points

{l l}_{ij ij} = = \sqrt{{(({x x}_{i i} - - {x x}_{j j}))}^{22} + + {(({y the y}_{i i} - - {y the y}_{j j}))}^{22}};;

The basic 0-1 variables include: X _j = 1 means that the picker is deployed at the demand point j, otherwise it is 0; Y _ij = 1 means that the demand point i is served by the picker j, otherwise it is 0; Z _kj = 1 means the delivery Delivery member k delivers the express for pick-up machine j, otherwise it is 0; δ _kij = 1 indicates that delivery member k passes through the road section (i, j) when delivering the express, otherwise it is 0;

2) The optimization objective function generation method of the fixed-point automatic pick-up system of logistics express: according to the cost C ₀ of setting up an automatic pick-up machine, the unit cost C ₁ of the customer picking up the express mail, the unit cost C ₂ of the courier delivering the express mail and the location of any customer The distance l _ij between two points and the automatic pickup machine generates the optimization objective function Z that minimizes the total cost of the logistics express fixed-point automatic pickup system:

Z Z = = min min [[{Σ Σ}_{j j = = 11}^{N N} {C C}_{00} {X x}_{j j} + + {Σ Σ}_{i i = = 11}^{N N} {Σ Σ}_{j j = = 11}^{N N} {C C}_{11} {Y Y}_{ij ij} {l l}_{ij ij} + + {Σ Σ}_{k k = = 11}^{M m} {Σ Σ}_{i i = = 11}^{N N} {Σ Σ}_{j j = = 11}^{N N} {C C}_{22} {Z Z}_{kj kj} {l l}_{ij ij}]];;

in,

is the cost of automatic picker layout construction,

is the cost of customer pickup,

It is the cost for the dispatcher to send the express to the pick-up machine;

3) The generation method of the maximum allowable distance constraint condition for customer pick-up: establish the constraint condition according to the variable Y _ij , parameters I _ij and L:

max{Y _ij l _ij }≤L,

4) The generation method of the constraint condition of the maximum service volume of the automatic picker: establish the constraint condition according to the variable Y _ij , parameters d _i and V:

{Σ Σ}_{i i = = 11}^{N N} {Y Y}_{ij ij} {d d}_{i i} \leq \leq V V,, &ForAll; &ForAll; j j;;

5) The generation method of the constraint condition of the maximum number of pieces dispatched by the dispatcher per train: according to the variables Y _ij and δ _kj , and the parameters d _i and W, the constraint condition is established:

{Σ Σ}_{j j = = 11}^{N N} {Σ Σ}_{i i = = 11}^{N N} (({Y Y}_{ij ij} {d d}_{i i})) {δ δ}_{kj kj} \leq \leq W W,, &ForAll; &ForAll; k k;;

6) The generation method of the dispatcher's delivery line constraints: according to the variables Z _kj and δ _kij , establish a constraint condition indicating the uniqueness of the route that the dispatcher k only passes through the pick-up machine served:

{Σ Σ}_{i i = = 00}^{N N} {δ δ}_{kij kij} = = {Z Z}_{kj kj},, &ForAll; &ForAll; k k,, j j

{Σ Σ}_{j j = = 00}^{N N} {δ δ}_{kij kij} = = {Z Z}_{ki the ki},, &ForAll; &ForAll; k k,, i i

7) Optimization method for the fixed-point automatic pick-up system of logistics express: optimize the objective function according to the established automatic pick-up system of logistics express, the constraint conditions of the maximum allowable distance for customer pick-up, the constraint conditions of the maximum service volume of the automatic pick-up machine, the dispatch The constraint conditions of the maximum number of pieces delivered by the courier per train and the constraints of the delivery route of the courier, and the location of the automatic pick-up machine and the customer needs served by the pick-up machine are calculated by the algorithm combined with cluster analysis and dynamic programming Delivery route scheme for points and couriers.

2. The construction optimization method of the fixed-point automatic pick-up system of logistics express delivery as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the geographical position data of the customer demand point is obtained according to the city map information, and the demand service volume data is then obtained according to the history of the express delivery company The statistical data is sorted and analyzed, and the unit cost of customer pick-up and express delivery cost are converted based on urban wage levels, consumption levels, and transportation consumption costs.

3. A method of operation of the fixed-point automatic pick-up system for logistics and express delivery as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: when there is an express delivery to reach the destination city, the distribution center classifies the express delivery according to the service scope of the automatic pick-up machine to which it belongs , and then assign the courier to the corresponding courier according to the grouping of the pick-up machines served by the courier, and dispatch according to the delivery route plan, and at the same time send a message to the customer, informing the customer of the time, address and involved Fee information;

When the customer picks up the express mail, the pick-up machine feeds the information back to the distribution center to complete the entire express delivery task;

If the distribution center still does not receive feedback on the next day, it will contact the customer to pick up the package through a manual call. If the pick-up person cannot be contacted for three consecutive days, the package will be sent back to the distribution center from the pick-up machine and sent to the place where it was sent. , end the delivery task.